EP0259232B2 - Alliage d'aluminium chaudronnable et soudable et son procédé de fabrication - Google Patents
Alliage d'aluminium chaudronnable et soudable et son procédé de fabrication Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0259232B2 EP0259232B2 EP87420190A EP87420190A EP0259232B2 EP 0259232 B2 EP0259232 B2 EP 0259232B2 EP 87420190 A EP87420190 A EP 87420190A EP 87420190 A EP87420190 A EP 87420190A EP 0259232 B2 EP0259232 B2 EP 0259232B2
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- alloy
- solution treatment
- carried out
- delimited
- homogenisation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
- C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon
Definitions
- the invention relates to a weldable boilermaking aluminum alloy containing essentially Si, Mg and Cu and its manufacturing process.
- Alloys of the 6000 series according to the nomenclature of the Aluminum Association have been developed mainly in the form of profiles, although some of these allallies such as 6061 or 6082, are commonly found in the form of sheets or strips, intended for stamping.
- Patent application FR 2 375 332 describes a process in which an alloy rich in Si is treated with so as to obtain a fine sub-micron precipitation (0.1 to 0.5 ⁇ m) of Si in supersaturation; this size is intermediate between the eutectic phases present in the alloy and that of the hardening phases usually observed in Al-Si-Mg-Cu alloys.
- French patent application FR 2 360 684 describes an Al-Si-Mg-Cu alloy containing at least one of the elements which inhibit recrystallization from the Mn, Cr, Zr group.
- the alloy comprises (in% by weight) contents of Si and Mg defined by the trapezoid of coordinates: Yes Mg AT) 0.5 0.1 B) 0.5 0.2 VS) 1.3 0.5 D) 1.3 0.1 Cu 0.1 - 1.5 Mn 0 - 0.15 Fe 0 - 0.35 others each ⁇ 0.05 total other ⁇ 0.15
- the maximum Si / Mg ratio (BC side of the trapezoid) remains equal to or greater than 2.6 approximately so as to limit the precipitation of Mg 2 Si during solidification as much as possible.
- the fine precipitation Mg 2 Si present in the alloy results only from the heat treatments undergone.
- the secondary elements are limited for the following reasons: As explained above, the presence of Mn is not desirable; however it was admitted up to 0.15% maximum due to possible contamination in this element, due to recycling of waste. It should be noted that the alloy does not contains no intentional additions of Cr and / or Zr.
- the Ti associated with B controls, as is known, the fineness of the primary crystallization of the products rough casting (plates, strips, billets, etc ...) and allows homogenizations and solutions more short, in particular with regard to the processing of flat products (sheets, strips).
- the contents effective are Ti ⁇ 0.1% and B ⁇ 0.05%.
- the Fe content is limited to 0.35% to avoid the formation of coarse primary compounds containing Fe (AlMnFeSi type).
- Another preferred composition of the alloy according to the invention corresponds to the contents of Si and Mg, delimited by the trapezoid A'B'C'D 'of Fig. 1 with Cu: 0.1-0.25 and Mn ⁇ 0.15, the limits of the others elements being the same.
- the hot transformation is carried out by any known means (rolling, spinning, forging, etc.) However, this must then be carried out so as to avoid coarse recrystallizations in progress of operation.
- the temperature at the end of hot transformation to avoid these recrystallizations, must be imperatively between 270 ° and 340 ° C.
- the alloy After possible cold transformation, the alloy is put into a complete solution. This takes place in the temperature range between 540 and 580 ° C, preferably between 550 and 570 ° C, targeting the temperature of 560 ° C.
- the processing time varies from a few seconds to a few minutes, without being able to exceed a hour.
- the sheets and strips thus obtained have good isotropy and grain size average not exceeding 60 ⁇ m.
- the quenching must be rapid and depends on the thickness of the product. For sheets and strips, it is generally performed in calm or pulsed air.
- the parts undergo hardening, under the usual conditions; the hardening is due to the precipitation of the Mg 2 Si phase and of the complex AlCuMg, AlCuMg Si phases. Tempering is typically carried out between 8 to 12 h at 165 ° C.
- FIG. 1 represents the domain of composition of the elements Si and Mg of the alloy
- FIG. 2 represents the domain of dissolving or homogenizing an alloy according to the invention, on a vertical section of the state diagram Al, Mg, Si at 0.2% Mg.
- Dissolution (or homogenization) must be carried out in the single-phase field and in particular under the temperature conditions represented by the rectangle FGHI for the general range and F'G'H'I 'for the preferred range. It is obvious from these curves that for high Si contents, the treatment is delicate, since a small variation with respect to the set temperature leads either to a precipitation of Si if the temperature drops, or to a "burning" of the metal if the temperature rises.
- This heat treatment therefore requires a precise industrial tool.
- the dissolution of these was carried out in a passage oven at a speed of 20 m / min, the temperature holding time of 560 ° C. being of the order of 1 minute and the rate of rise in temperature of the order of 25 ° C / sec.
- the anisotropy was estimated by making buckets and measuring the rate of the horns according to the standard AFNOR NF-A-50-301. This value is equal to 7%.
- the grain size measured by metallography is 40 ⁇ m.
- Sheets cut from the dissolved metal were finished by shaping parts automotive body, in this case a front cover.
- the mechanical characteristics obtained as a function of the local hardening rate are as follows: Work hardening rate (%) Rp0.2 (MPa) Rm (MPa) AT % 0 225 285 15 5 250 290 10 10 265 295 8
- the assembly was then brought, in an oven, to 165 ° C for 10 h.
- the shear strength of the welded joints thus obtained is of the order of 280 MPa. We can see the good properties obtained after welding and tempering.
- the alloy according to the invention has the following advantages: This alloy is delivered in T4 state to transformers. In this state, the alloy is ductile and lends itself well to deformation, its maturation at ambient temperature being very low. The cold-deformed part acquires better resistance characteristics by work hardening, at least locally in the most deformed zones; the softening due to annealing during the welding operation is partially offset by the structural hardening during the final tempering (T6).
- the metal only undergoes after quenching the finishing operations (such as as dressing, leveling, etc.) strictly necessary.
- the alloys according to the invention are mainly used in the fields of automobile bodywork and box.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
- Filtering Materials (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
- Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
Description
Ces alliages, moins chargés en magnésium que les alliages 6000 classiques, peu éloignées de la stoéchiométrie Mg2Si, sont par contre beaucoup plus riches en silicium.
- il donne naissance à la solidification des composés intermétalliques à base de Fe, Mn, Si qui réduisent la capacité de déformation de l'alliage et peuvent initier des décohésions et ruptures, lors des opérations de mise en forme;
- il augmente la vitesse critique de trempe et limite donc les possibilités de traitements thermiques pour le produits épais;
- il confère à l'alliage un comportement à la corrosion assez médiocre;
- il n'est pas adapté aux homogénéisations de courte durée, telle que celles généralement obtenues dans des fours à passages.
Si | Mg | |
A) | 0,5 | 0,1 |
B) | 0,5 | 0,2 |
C) | 1,3 | 0,5 |
D) | 1,3 | 0,1 |
Cu 0,1 - 1,5 | ||
Mn 0 - 0,15 | ||
Fe 0 - 0,35 | ||
autres chacun ≤ 0,05 | ||
total autres ≤ 0,15 |
Si | Mg | |
A" | 0,65 | 0,18 |
B" | 0,65 | 0,2 |
C" | 0,95 | 0,28 |
D" | 0,95 | 0,2 |
Cu = 0,10-0,25 | ||
Mn ≤ 0,15 |
Il est évident, d'après ces courbes, que pour les teneurs en Si élevées, le traitement est délicat, puisqu'une faible variation par rapport à la température de consigne conduit soit à une précipitation de Si si la température baisse, soit à une "brûlure" du métal si la température monte.
Taux d'écrouissage (%) | Rp0,2 (MPa) | Rm (MPa) | A % |
0 | 225 | 285 | 15 |
5 | 250 | 290 | 10 |
10 | 265 | 295 | 8 |
La résistance au cisaillement des joints soudés ainsi obtenus est de l'ordre de 280 MPa.
On peut constater les bonnes propriétés obtenues après soudage et revenu.
Cet alliage est livré à l'état T4 aux transformateurs.
A cet état, l'alliage est ductile et se prête bien à la déformation, sa maturation à la température ambiante étant très faible.
La pièce déformée à froid acquiert de meilleures caractéristiques de résistance par écrouissage, au moins localement dans les zones les plus déformées; l'adoucissement dû au recuit lors de l'opération de soudage est partiellement compensé par le durcissement structural lors du revenu final (T6).
Claims (9)
- Alliage d'aluminium chaudronnable et soudable caractérisé en ce qu'il contient (en poids %) des teneurs en Si et Mg délimitées par le trapèze ABCD dont les coordonnées sont :
Si Mg A 0,5 0,1 B 0,5 0,2 C 1,3 0,5 D 1,3 0,1 Cu 0,10-0,5 Mn 0-0,15 Fe 0-0,35 Autres chacun ≤ 0,05 Total autres ≤ 0,15 Reste: Al. - Alliage suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il contient (en poids %) des teneurs en Si et Mg délimitées par le trapèze A"B"C"D" dont les coordonnées sont :
Si Mg A" 0,65 0,18 B" 0,65 0,2 C" 0,95 0,28 D" 0,95 0,2 Cu 0,1 - 0,25 Mn ≤ 0,15. - Alliage suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il contient (en poids %) des teneurs en Si et Mg délimitées par le trapèze A'B'C'D' représenté sur la figure 1, avec Cu 0.1 - 0.25.
- Alliage suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 3 caractérisé en ce que la grosseur de grain moyenne est inférieure à 80 µm.
- Alliage suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 4 caractérisé en ce que la grosseur de grain moyenne est inférieure à 60 µm.
- Procédé d'obtention des produits selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, comprenant la coulée continue ou semi-continue d'ébauches, une homogénéisation éventuelle, une transformation à chaud, une transformation à froid éventuelle, une mise en solution effectuée dans le domaine monophasé, une trempe, une mise en forme à froid et enfin un revenu caractérisé en ce que la transformation à chaud finale a lieu entre 270 et 340°C.
- Procédé selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que l'homogénéisation ou la mise en solution complète sont conduites entre 540 et 580°C.
- Procédé selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que l'homogénéisation ou la mise en solution ont lieu entre 550 et 570°C.
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications 7 ou 8, caractérisé en ce que la mise en solution est précédée d'une montée en température à une vitesse supérieure à 10°C/sec.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT87420190T ATE64763T1 (de) | 1986-07-07 | 1987-07-02 | Gut bearbeitbare und schweissbare aluminiumlegierung und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung. |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8610028A FR2601040B1 (fr) | 1986-07-07 | 1986-07-07 | Alliage d'aluminium chaudronnable et soudable et son procede de fabrication |
FR8610028 | 1986-07-07 | ||
CA000552025A CA1340260C (fr) | 1986-07-07 | 1987-11-17 | Alliage d'aluminium chaudronnable et soudable et son procede de fabrication |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0259232A1 EP0259232A1 (fr) | 1988-03-09 |
EP0259232B1 EP0259232B1 (fr) | 1991-06-26 |
EP0259232B2 true EP0259232B2 (fr) | 1998-01-28 |
Family
ID=25671592
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP87420190A Expired - Lifetime EP0259232B2 (fr) | 1986-07-07 | 1987-07-02 | Alliage d'aluminium chaudronnable et soudable et son procédé de fabrication |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4814022A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0259232B2 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA1340260C (fr) |
DE (1) | DE3771017D1 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2022918T5 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2601040B1 (fr) |
GR (2) | GR3002191T3 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB9318041D0 (en) * | 1993-08-31 | 1993-10-20 | Alcan Int Ltd | Extrudable a1-mg-si alloys |
FR2713664B1 (fr) * | 1993-11-17 | 1996-05-24 | Pechiney Rhenalu | Alliage type Al-Si-Mg à ductilité et emboutissabilité améliorées et procédé d'obtention. |
US5525169A (en) * | 1994-05-11 | 1996-06-11 | Aluminum Company Of America | Corrosion resistant aluminum alloy rolled sheet |
US5919323A (en) * | 1994-05-11 | 1999-07-06 | Aluminum Company Of America | Corrosion resistant aluminum alloy rolled sheet |
CH688379A5 (de) * | 1994-11-29 | 1997-08-29 | Alusuisse Lonza Services Ag | Tiefziehbare und schweissbare Aluminiumlegierung vom Typ AlMgSi |
US5582660A (en) * | 1994-12-22 | 1996-12-10 | Aluminum Company Of America | Highly formable aluminum alloy rolled sheet |
EP0851942B2 (fr) * | 1995-09-19 | 2005-08-24 | Alcan International Limited | L'usage d'alliages d'aluminium pour structures de vehicules |
FR2748035B1 (fr) * | 1996-04-29 | 1998-07-03 | Pechiney Rhenalu | Alliage aluminium-silicium-magnesium pour carrosserie automobile |
CH690916A5 (de) * | 1996-06-04 | 2001-02-28 | Alusuisse Tech & Man Ag | Tiefziehbare und schweissbare Aluminiumlegierung vom Typ AlMgSi. |
EP0931170A1 (fr) * | 1996-09-30 | 1999-07-28 | Alcan International Limited | Alliage d'aluminium destine a la fabrication de produits lamines |
US6780259B2 (en) | 2001-05-03 | 2004-08-24 | Alcan International Limited | Process for making aluminum alloy sheet having excellent bendability |
FR2835533B1 (fr) * | 2002-02-05 | 2004-10-08 | Pechiney Rhenalu | TOLE EN ALLIAGE Al-Si-Mg POUR PEAU DE CARROSSERIE AUTOMOBILE |
US6959476B2 (en) * | 2003-10-27 | 2005-11-01 | Commonwealth Industries, Inc. | Aluminum automotive drive shaft |
FR2979576B1 (fr) | 2011-09-02 | 2018-07-20 | Constellium France | Tole plaquee pour carrosserie automobile |
WO2013068533A1 (fr) | 2011-11-11 | 2013-05-16 | Novelis Inc. | Alliage d'aluminium |
DE202011110888U1 (de) | 2011-11-11 | 2017-01-24 | Novelis Inc. | Aluminiumlegierung |
EP2592165B2 (fr) | 2011-11-11 | 2018-09-19 | Novelis, Inc. | Alliage d'aluminium |
MX2021010903A (es) | 2019-03-13 | 2021-10-01 | Novelis Inc | Aleaciones de aluminio endurecibles por envejecimiento y altamente formables y metodos para hacer las mismas. |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3149001A (en) * | 1962-04-05 | 1964-09-15 | Aluminum Co Of America | Enameled aluminous metal product |
US3370943A (en) * | 1965-11-04 | 1968-02-27 | Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp | Aluminum alloy |
US4082578A (en) * | 1976-08-05 | 1978-04-04 | Aluminum Company Of America | Aluminum structural members for vehicles |
CH624147A5 (fr) * | 1976-12-24 | 1981-07-15 | Alusuisse | |
FR2446865A1 (fr) * | 1979-01-16 | 1980-08-14 | Pechiney Aluminium | Alliage d'aluminium type a-gs a resistance mecanique et tenacite elevees |
-
1986
- 1986-07-07 FR FR8610028A patent/FR2601040B1/fr not_active Expired
-
1987
- 1987-06-30 US US07/068,118 patent/US4814022A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-07-02 EP EP87420190A patent/EP0259232B2/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-07-02 ES ES87420190T patent/ES2022918T5/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-07-02 DE DE8787420190T patent/DE3771017D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-11-17 CA CA000552025A patent/CA1340260C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1991
- 1991-06-27 GR GR90401165T patent/GR3002191T3/el unknown
-
1998
- 1998-02-12 GR GR980400273T patent/GR3026104T3/el unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE3771017D1 (de) | 1991-08-01 |
FR2601040B1 (fr) | 1988-09-02 |
EP0259232B1 (fr) | 1991-06-26 |
ES2022918B3 (es) | 1991-12-16 |
ES2022918T5 (es) | 1998-03-16 |
US4814022A (en) | 1989-03-21 |
CA1340260C (fr) | 1998-12-15 |
GR3002191T3 (en) | 1992-12-30 |
FR2601040A1 (fr) | 1988-01-08 |
GR3026104T3 (en) | 1998-05-29 |
EP0259232A1 (fr) | 1988-03-09 |
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