EP0258081A1 - Guttering for incorporation into roofs made of hollow tiles, and roofing method comprising the use of such a guttering - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Guttering for a roofing section covered with hollow tiles arranged in a succession of alternate rows (12, 14, 212, 214) of concave tiles and of covering tiles, forming a regular and repetitive pattern which determines a wave length, characterised in that it comprises an entirely flat bottom (21, 221) between a longitudinal downstream wall (24, 224) and a longitudinal upstream wall (22, 222) whose height enables the placing, without discontinuity, of a row of covering tiles on top of the guttering, and, joined to the longitudinal downstream wall, a corrugated strip (26, 226) adapted to cover the concave tiles and to be covered by the covering tiles.

Description

The invention relates to gutters to be incorporated into roofs comprising a roof in hollow tiles as well as a method of placing such gutters in existing roofs or new roofs under construction.

There is a necessity or even a legal obligation to collect runoff from roofs in order to protect walls, foundations, and, in cities, passers-by. This collection is generally done using gutters or gutters placed in the sewer of the roof panel.

From the architectural point of view, the gutters have the great disadvantage of masking the upper part of the cornices crowning the buildings. The gutters, which fulfill the same office as the gutters, but which are placed above these cornices, present risks of infiltration. It is true that there are so-called English gutters (or English gutter) which avoid the risks of infiltration, but their very visible presence on the edge of the roofs is very detrimental to the aesthetics of the building. In some cases, gutters and gutters are not only unsightly but also anachronistic in consideration of the era or the architectural style of the building.

Thus, for a very long time there has been a need to avoid the unsightly and / or anachronistic presence of a gutter or a gutter while obtaining the collection of runoff water, then discharged by a downspout.

The present invention relates to roof gutters intended to integrate and hide in a roof covered with hollow tiles, thus meeting the above need.

Another object of the present invention is the method of setting up such a gutter, preferably in the lower part of the cover.

According to one of its aspects, the present invention proposes for a roofing pan covered with hollow tiles arranged in a succession of alternating rows of current tiles and covering tiles forming a regular and repetitive pattern which determines a wavelength, a channel. comprising a generally flat bottom between a downstream longitudinal wall and an upstream longitudinal wall, and, connected to the downstream longitudinal wall, a corrugated strip adapted to cover the current tiles and to be covered by the covering tiles.

A corrugated strip thus designed makes it possible to insert a gutter according to the invention in a roof in hollow tiles with interruption of the only rows of current tiles in line with the gutter, while the rows of covering tiles can be continue without discontinuity. Thus the rows of covering tiles alone can cover a good part of the gutter, which greatly contributes to the concealment of the gutter from the eyes of an observer.

The gutters according to the invention can be produced either by cutting, bending and welding of metal sheets, or by molding in any suitable plastic material or in a cement-based material.

They will advantageously be made of elements whose length of the downstream longitudinal wall is an integer multiple of said wavelength, each element being closed at its ends by a terminal transverse wall connected to the downstream longitudinal wall in the vicinity of a crest of the corrugated strip and at least one descent orifice being provided in each element.

The advantage of providing for the closure of the ends of the gutter by end transverse walls in the vicinity of a crest of the corrugated strip, resides in the the fact that said transverse walls will be hidden under roofing tiles. In addition, several channel elements thus closed can be brought into alignment with one another with, if necessary, free spaces for expansion situated under roofing tiles.

The gutter will advantageously be constructed so that the mean plane of the corrugated strip according to the invention forms, with the plane of the bottom of the gutter, an acute angle substantially equal to the angle of inclination of the current tiles on the general plane. of the roof pan.

The width of the corrugated strip which will cover the tiles known as recovery current, may advantageously be between the seventh and a third of the length of the tiles, which is suitable for ensuring good sealing.

The invention also relates to a roofing method comprising the implementation of such gutters, characterized in that the rows of current tiles are interrupted directly above the gutter then taken up on the downstream side by current tiles called recovery covers by the wavy strip, while the rows of roofing tiles are continued without discontinuity.

According to another aspect of the invention, in the method of implementing such gutters, the bottom of the gutter is placed directly on the rafters of the frame thanks to a corresponding interruption of a planking current on the upstream side, this interruption being followed by resumption of a planking in excess thickness on the downstream side, this excess thickness ensuring a continuity of appearance of the cover: this process allows the production of a practically invisible gutter and therefore of great aesthetic interest, while offering the advantage of increasing the holding capacity for a flow of rainwater in the downpipes associated for this purpose with each element.

• la figure 1 est une vue partielle du dessus (selon la flèche I de la figure 2) d'un pan de toit équipé d'un chéneau pour tuiles canal selon l'invention ;
• la figure 2 est une vue correspondante en coupe selon le plan II-II de la figure 1 ;
• la figure 3 est une vue de détail en section selon le plan III-III de la figure 2 ;
• la figure 4 est une vue en perspective d'un tronçon de chéneau adapté à la tuile canal ;
• la figure 5 est une vue partielle du dessus (selon la flèche V de la figure 6) d'un pan de toit équipé d'un chéneau pour tuiles romaine ;
• la figure 6 est une vue correspondante en coupe selon le plan VI-VI de la figure 5 ;
• la figure 7 est une vue de détail en section selon le plan VII-VII de la figure 6 ;
• la figure 8 est une vue en perspective d'un tronçon de chéneau adapté à la tuile romaine ;

The characteristics and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the description which follows by way of examples with reference to the appended drawings in which:

• Figure 1 is a partial top view (according to arrow I in Figure 2) of a roof panel equipped with a channel for channel tiles according to the invention;
• Figure 2 is a corresponding sectional view along the plane II-II of Figure 1;
• Figure 3 is a detail view in section along the plane III-III of Figure 2;
• Figure 4 is a perspective view of a section of gutter adapted to the channel tile;
• Figure 5 is a partial top view (according to arrow V in Figure 6) of a roof panel equipped with a gutter for Roman tiles;
• Figure 6 is a corresponding sectional view along the plane VI-VI of Figure 5;
• Figure 7 is a detail view in section along the plane VII-VII of Figure 6;
• Figure 8 is a perspective view of a section of gutter adapted to the Roman tile;

According to the embodiment represented by FIGS. 1 to 4, for a roof in channel tiles a roof comprising a sheathing 10 laid in the usual way on the rafters 11 of a frame (not detailed) is covered with channel tiles in rows 12 of current tiles resting on the battens 13 and alternating with rows 14 of covering tiles which partially cover them, the rows forming a regular and repetitive pattern which determines a wavelength 1.

The planking being interrupted opposite a cleat 15, a gutter 20 is placed directly on the rafters 11, being followed by a terminal cladding 16 with two layers, itself terminated by an end cleat 17 of the roofing panel. The bottom of the gutter is supported by a battens 110 placed on battens 111 nailed in cheek chevron. The expression "chanlatte" is generally used in roofing language to designate slats such as 15 and 17, while the element 110 for supporting a gutter bottom is called "sinking".

The gutter 20 according to the invention has a flat bottom 21 extending between an upstream longitudinal wall 22 and a downstream longitudinal wall 24 over a width L1 which corresponds substantially to the length of a tile and which varies according to the slope of the roof. In the case under consideration of a gutter made of sheet metal, the upstream wall 22 is terminated by a straight edge 23 softened and stiffened by a fold of the sheet metal. The downstream wall 24 is terminated on its side, by a clean edge 25 cut in a wavy line, the sinusoidal corrugation of which is adapted to match the profiles of the roof tiles. To this corrugated edge is connected by welding a corrugated strip 26, of sinusoidal shape, extending over a width L2 for example between a third and a quarter of the width L1 of the gutter and ensuring on the last row of tiles downstream a sufficient recovery.

In the longitudinal direction, the gutter can extend over any distance, generally several meters, depending on the dimensions of the roof panel to be fitted and the expansion coefficient of the material used, and always has at least at its bottom an opening 27 of connection to a downpipe 28 for rainwater, this connection generally being effected by means of a stump 28ʹ welded to the edge of the opening. The gutter can advantageously be subdivided into elements of suitable lengths with at least one opening 27 per element. Each element being delimited at each of its ends by a terminal transverse wall 29, this latter is always situated substantially opposite a vertex of the corrugation of the edge 25 (or of a crest 33 of the corrugated strip 26) thus the length of a gutter element according to the invention will advantageously correspond to an integer multiple of the wavelength λ1 of its wavy band 26.

As can still be seen in FIG. 4, the angle A formed by a generator of the corrugated strip 26 with the plane of the downstream wall 24 of the gutter is an obtuse angle: the generator in question (or the mean plane of the corrugated rim ) is oriented in effect substantially parallel to the general direction of the current tiles 12, a direction which forms an acute angle a (FIG. 1) with the general plane of the roof panel. We therefore find this same angle of inclination a between the mean plane of the corrugated strip 26 and the flat bottom 21 of the gutter.

Each row 12 of current tiles is interrupted directly above the gutter: a tile such as 121 coming to rest by its downstream part on the cleat 15 and the upstream wall 22 of the gutter overhangs the bottom 21 thereof for a distance substantially corresponding to the current overlap of successive tiles in each row. Each current tile 121 is thus adapted to pour into the gutter the runoff water which reaches it. The next current tile in the row, that is to say 122, is inserted between the corrugated strip 26 of the gutter and the double batting 16. The row continuing and then ending normally with one or more current tiles 123 terminating the blanket.

The thickness of the double planking 16 and the corresponding height of the downstream wall 24 of the gutter are advantageously chosen so that the position in space of the so-called recovery current tile 122 corresponds substantially to the position in which it would have been placed this tile in the absence of the gutter in an unbroken row. Thanks to this arrangement, the overall appearance of the roof remains practically unchanged and the gutter is almost invisible, all the more so as the arrangement and the continuity of the rows 14 of covering tiles remain intact.

The resulting relative increase, on the other hand, in the height of the downstream wall 24 of the gutter contributes to increase the holding capacity thereof, so that the risks of overflow in the termination current tiles 122, 123 will only be feared in the event of exceptional precipitation. However, the multiplicity of flow paths constantly available along the corrugated rim constitute at the same time an insurance, or even a guarantee against the risks of engorgement of the gutter by the solid matters, in particular vegetable (leaves or others) which could tend to deposit there, especially since the access of the gutter to these materials is strongly limited also thanks to its protection by the roofing tiles.

As it is clearly visible in particular in FIG. 3, the downstream wall 24 of the gutter ensures closure of the access to the space located below the return tiles 122 and the corresponding current tiles. It is not the same on the side of the upstream wall 22 whose upper edge 23 is rectilinear and follows the upper face of the cleat 15 on which the last current tiles 121 of the rows 12 of current tiles rest: the access thus remains clear between the bearing areas of the current tiles, which ensures desirable ventilation of the underside of the roof.

According to another embodiment of the invention represented by FIGS. 5 to 8, for a Roman tile roof, a roof comprising a sheathing 210 laid in the usual manner on the rafters 211 of a frame (non-detailed) is covered with tegulas in rows 212 alternating with rows 214 of overlaps which partially cover them, the rows forming a regular and repetitive pattern which determines a wavelength λ2.

In the direction of the slope of the roofing, the planking is interrupted opposite the downstream end of a cleat 215 in continuity with the planking and whose thickness increases in the upstream-downstream direction having a thickness upstream equal to that of uniform flight. A gutter 220 in copper is placed directly on the rafters 211, and is followed by a terminal sheathing 216 which is continued by an end strip 217 of the roofing panel. This last cleat also has a thickness which increases in the upstream-downstream direction by having upstream a thickness equal to that uniform of the planking. The gutter 220 according to the invention has a generally flat bottom 221 extending between an upstream longitudinal wall 224 and a downstream longitudinal wall 224 over a width L3 which corresponds substantially to half the length of a tile and which varies according to the slope of the roof. This bottom 221 has reinforcing ribs 300 formed here by contiguous folds of small amplitude projecting from the external wall of this bottom. These ribs extend along the length of the gutter and parallel to the longitudinal walls 222, 224. Rigidating the whole of the gutter between two successive rafters, these ribs make it possible to avoid the additional laying of a support rod placed on battens as in the previous realization. The gutter provided with ribs is therefore self-supporting. In the case under consideration of a gutter made of copper sheet, the upstream wall 222 is terminated by a rectilinear edge 223 softened and stiffened by a fold of the sheet. The downstream wall 224 is terminated on its side by a straight edge 225 softened and stiffened by a fold of the sheet. The height H of the downstream wall is substantially equal to the value obtained by adding the thickness of the planking 216, two thicknesses of tegula and the thickness of the sheet.

A corrugated strip 226 having a corrugation of rectangular shape is welded, generally parallel to the edges 223, 225 of the gutter, on the outside of the downstream wall 224. This corrugated strip has rectangular flat lower 230 and upper flat 231 plates perpendicular to the plane of the downstream wall 224, the upstream 222 and downstream 224 walls being substantially perpendicular to the bottom 221.

The lower plates 230 which form the hollows of the corrugated strip, are fixed at a distance h from the bottom 221, substantially equal to the sum of the thicknesses of the planking 216 and of a tegula so that they cover by touching the bottom downstream tegulas 323 said to be recoveries, close to the downstream wall 224 of the gutter. The upper plates 231 which form the ridges 232 of the corrugated strip are located at a distance i from the bottom 221, substantially equal to the sum of the thicknesses of the planking 216 and the edges of a tegula, so as to cover these edges while being recoverable by imbrices 324.

This corrugated strip 226 extends over a width L4 between the seventh and a third of the length of the tile used and ensures sufficient recovery of the downstream tegulas 323.

In order to further conceal the gutter, the lower trays 230 are each covered with suitable pieces 322 of substantially identical tegula cut with a clear edge. These pieces 322 are in alignment with the upper pieces 321 of tegula which overhang the gutter. Between each piece 321 and 322 is missing a piece 320 indicated by dotted lines. The pieces 322, 320 and 321 re-stitched in this order would reconstitute an entire tegula. The missing piece 320 ensures a discontinuity in the rows of tegula, which makes it possible to collect in the gutter the runoff water from the cover upstream of this discontinuity. The adapted pieces 322 are held in place on the lower plates 230 by the rows of interlocking tiles 324 which cover them.

In the longitudinal direction, the gutter can extend over any distance, generally several meters, depending on the dimensions of the roof panel to be fitted and always has at its bottom at least one opening 227 for connection to a down pipe 228 rainwater, this connection being made by general by means of a stump 228ʹ bordering the opening 227. As in the previous embodiment, the gutter can advantageously be subdivided into elements of appropriate length with at least one opening 227 per element. Each element being delimited at each of its ends by a transverse wall 229, this latter is preferably located opposite an upper plate 231 forming a crest 233 of the corrugated strip 226 in order to be better concealed by the row 214 of embroideries corresponding which passes without discontinuity above the straight edge 232, upper edge of the transverse wall 229.

In this embodiment, if there is no overflow, the gutter functions in the same way as in the first embodiment. In the case of congestion of the gutter, the downstream wall 224 of the gutter does not ensure the closure of the access to the space located downstream of this wall 224 and under the interlockings 324 and shortened interlockings 325. It is therefore advisable to seal with the mortar the spaces 326 between the edges of the tegulas downstream from the gutter to avoid the possibility of water infiltration towards the end sheathing 216 and / or the end cleat 217. One can also give a slightly rounded shape , or even in an arc, to the upper plates 231 in order to discharge the water on each side to the lower plates 230.

The invention is of course not limited to the details of the embodiments which have just been described by way of examples. Thus, instead of being made of sheet metal, the gutters can also be produced by molding in any suitable plastic material or in a cement-based mixture such as asbestos-cement. Production will generally be organized into elements of standard lengths, for example between 2 and 10 meters. We can also consider a continuous manufacturing with cutting to in the case of channel tiles, the tiles can be laid on corrugated asbestos-cement or similar panels. In general, the elements can be terminated by transverse walls orthogonal to the longitudinal walls, however at the junction between two different sides it is of course possible to provide transverse walls forming an appropriate angle with the longitudinal walls.

The precise orientation of the corrugated strip with respect to the downstream longitudinal wall may result from deformation during assembly in the case of elements constructed of easily deformable materials, sheet of copper or zinc, for example.

Similarly, the reinforcement ribs at the bottom of the gutter can be replaced by undulations of small amplitude, the crests and hollows of which form lines of longitudinal orientation.

Claims (11)

1. Gutter for roof pan covered with hollow tiles arranged in a succession of rows (12, 14, 212, 214) alternating with current tiles and covering tiles forming a regular and repetitive pattern which determines a wavelength, characterized in that it comprises a generally flat bottom (21, 221) between a downstream longitudinal wall (24, 224) and an upstream longitudinal wall (22, 222), and, connected to the downstream longitudinal wall, a corrugated strip ( 26, 226) adapted to cover the current tiles and to be covered by the covering tiles. 2. Gutter according to claim 1, characterized in that the generally flat bottom comprises reinforcing ribs (300). 3. A gutter according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the downstream longitudinal wall forms a corrugated edge (25) to which the corrugated strip (26) is connected. 4. Gutter according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the corrugated strip (26) has an undulation of sinusoidal shape. 5. Gutter according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the corrugated strip (226) has a corrugation of rectangular shape. 6. A gutter according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it is produced by elements whose length of the downstream longitudinal wall (24, 224) is an integer multiple of said wavelength, each element being closed at its ends by a terminal transverse wall (29, 229) connected to the downstream longitudinal wall in the vicinity of a crest (33, 233) of the corrugated strip (26, 226) and at least one orifice (27, 227 ) of descent being provided in each element. 7. Gutter according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the mean plane of the corrugated strip (26) forms with the plane of the bottom (21) of the gutter an acute angle substantially equal to the angle of inclination of the current tiles on the general plane of the roof panel. 8. Gutter according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the width (L2, L4), of the corrugated strip is between the seventh and a third of the length of the tiles. 9. roofing method comprising the implementation of gutters according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the rows of current tiles (12, 212), are interrupted in line with the gutter then taken from the downstream side by so-called recovery current tiles (122, 323) covered by the corrugated strip (26, 226), while the rows of covering tiles (14, 214) are continued without discontinuity. 10. The method of claim 9, further characterized in that the bottom (21, 221) of the gutter is placed directly on the rafters (11, 211) of the frame. 11. Method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the parts of the corrugated strip (226) which cover the current tiles are themselves covered with suitable pieces (322) of current tiles.

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