EP0254740A1 - Sicherheitsausschaltvorrichtung. - Google Patents
Sicherheitsausschaltvorrichtung.Info
- Publication number
- EP0254740A1 EP0254740A1 EP87901036A EP87901036A EP0254740A1 EP 0254740 A1 EP0254740 A1 EP 0254740A1 EP 87901036 A EP87901036 A EP 87901036A EP 87901036 A EP87901036 A EP 87901036A EP 0254740 A1 EP0254740 A1 EP 0254740A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- switch
- resistors
- safety switch
- series
- component
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
- D06F75/00—Hand irons
- D06F75/08—Hand irons internally heated by electricity
- D06F75/26—Temperature control or indicating arrangements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/50—Means for increasing contact pressure, preventing vibration of contacts, holding contacts together after engagement, or biasing contacts to the open position
- H01H1/504—Means for increasing contact pressure, preventing vibration of contacts, holding contacts together after engagement, or biasing contacts to the open position by thermal means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H35/00—Switches operated by change of a physical condition
- H01H35/02—Switches operated by change of position, inclination or orientation of the switch itself in relation to gravitational field
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H61/00—Electrothermal relays
Definitions
- the invention relates to a safety switch-off device with the features specified in the preamble of claim 1.
- Such a device is known from DE-OS 35 06 784. It contains two components, namely a thermal switch, which is in series with the consumer, opens when overheated and thus switches off the consumer, and second, a position-sensitive switch, which is parallel to the consumer, is open in the normal position of the device and one Series resistor, which heats the thermal switch when the position-sensitive switch closes. As a result of the heating, the thermal switch exceeds its switching temperature after a while and opens, so that the consumer is also switched off due to the response of the position-dependent switch.
- the thermal switch remains open after it has responded due to its continuous heating until the device is returned to its normal position, in which the position-dependent switch opens, causing its series resistor becomes de-energized and gradually cools down.
- the thermal switch does not overheat from this series resistor, it is not ensures that the thermal switch remains open after it has responded, rather it will automatically switch on again after it has cooled, regardless of whether the fault that led to the overheating has been eliminated or not.
- the invention has for its object to develop a safety switch-off device of the type mentioned in such a way that the thermal switch which switches off the consumer is automatically kept open after every response, for whatever reason.
- the resistance value of the additional resistor is selected in accordance with the respective switching and monitoring task of the thermal switch and the resistance value of the consumer so that when the thermal switch is closed, the vast majority of the current flowing through the consumer takes the path directly via the thermal switch and only one relatively small part of the current flows through the additional resistor, so that the ohmic heat generated in the resistor is not sufficient to heat the thermal switch to its switching temperature.
- the thermal switch responds due to overheating, then only current flows through the additional counter and, if necessary, through the series resistor of the / position and / or acceleration-dependent switch, provided that the switch is closed.
- the resistance value of the further resistor bridging the thermal switch must therefore be selected on the other hand so that when the thermal switch is open, the ohmic heat generated as a result of higher current passage through the additional resistor is sufficient to keep the thermal switch open.
- the heating power required for this is typically in the
- suitable resistance values for the additional resistance are of the order of 10 k ⁇ , e.g. between 5 k ⁇ and 25 k ⁇ .
- the series resistor belonging to the switch which responds to changes in position or accelerations, must be able to heat the thermal switch in an appropriate time from its normal operating temperature to above its switching temperature, which requires a somewhat greater heating output than simply keeping it open. It is therefore advisable to choose the resistance value of this series resistor somewhat lower than the resistance value of the additional resistor, which bridges and heats the thermal switch continuously.
- thermoswitch lying in series and at the same time are series resistors of the switch, which is responsive in terms of position and / or acceleration.
- the thermal switch In undisturbed conditions (the thermal switch is closed and the switch which responds to changes in position and / or accelerations is open), only a negligible current flows through the two resistors in series which is not sufficient to open the thermal switch.
- the switch responding to changes in position and / or accelerations is closed, then a current flows through it, which branches through the two resistors, so that ohmic heat is generated in both resistors, which heats and finally opens the thermal switch.
- the current path is then interrupted via one of the two resistors, so that only the ohmic heat generated in one of the resistors is used in the desired manner to keep it open.
- This type of arrangement of the resistors thus allows the thermal switch to be kept open with a lower heating power and a quick response of the thermal switch as a result of higher heating power of the resistors after the switch responding to changes in position and / or accelerations is closed. If overheating occurs without the switch responding to changes in position and / or accelerations responding, the response speed of the thermal switch depends on the type of fault and the same resistance is responsible for keeping the thermal switch open in this case
- Closing the switch responsive to changes in position and / or accelerations This resistance is therefore expediently chosen so that it is as low as possible, but to keep the thermal switch open provides sufficient heating capacity in all circumstances.
- the other resistor can then be selected or - in the case of a potentiometer - set so that the desired response speed of the thermal switch is obtained by closing the switch which responds to changes in position and / or accelerations.
- Another advantageous possibility is to choose a ceramic plate (wafer) as the carrier of the thermal switch, which carries the contact spring and the switching contacts on one side and the resistance layers on the opposite side.
- the / position and / or acceleration-responsive switch can be attached directly to the carrier (s) of the thick-film resistors, which results in an easy-to-use, compact unit.
- the switch which responds to the position and / or acceleration, is best accommodated in a cuboid, preferably cube-shaped housing, which has means for mounting on several, preferably on three mutually perpendicular sides, so that one and the same switch, according to the respective application, in different orientations can be assembled.
- suitable as position and / or acceleration-dependent switches are those which have two electrodes isolated from one another in a housing and an electrically conductive ball which is freely movable between them and which only contacts the two electrodes in a predetermined position or when there is no acceleration makes. Switches with a suitable shape for the electrodes are described, for example, in DE-OS 31 11 099, in DE-OS 22 61 974, in DE-OS 28 24 210 and in DE-GM 85 10 110.
- Another possibility for forming a positionally responsive switch is to provide two mutually insulated electrodes in one housing, one of which is bell-shaped and the other of which is arranged in the manner of a freely oscillating clapper, the latter The switch closes when the clapper touches the bell-shaped electrode.
- the position and / or acceleration-responsive switch can be replaced by another electrical or electronic switchable component which is conductive in one switching state and blocks in another switching state, e.g. a photodiode, a transistor, an arbitrarily actuable microswitch, a level sensor or the like.
- a photodiode as a switch can be actuated by a light source
- a transistor can be actuated by a sensor with an electrical output signal
- a microswitch can be actuated by hand or by a machine part
- a level sensor can become conductive when immersed in an electrolyte, etc. This allows the most varied of parameters to be monitored and, if a limit value is exceeded, the associated consumer switched off by means of a thermal switch, which additionally offers protection against overheating.
- 1 shows a longitudinal section through a combination of a bimetal switch with a switch which responds in a position-dependent and / or acceleration-dependent manner
- 2 shows in longitudinal section another embodiment of a switch which responds in a position and / or acceleration-dependent manner
- FIG. 3 shows a top view of the insert of the switch according to FIG. 2 carrying the electrodes
- FIG. 4 shows a further embodiment of a switch which responds in a positional and / or acceleration-dependent manner on average
- FIG. 5 shows a first circuit example of a safety switch-off device according to the invention
- FIG. 6 shows a second exemplary embodiment of a safety switch-off device according to the invention
- Fig. 1 shows a metal switch 1, in which two electrical connection lugs 2 and 3 with soldering eyes 4 and 5 are embedded in an electrically insulating, flat carrier 1a.
- Tongues 7 and 8 are punched out of the connecting lugs 2 and 3, raised up in steps and likewise embedded in sections in the carrier 1a.
- the tongues 7 and 8 are in height and parallel to the top 9 of the carrier 1a, the connecting lugs 2 and 3 are in height and parallel to the bottom 6 of the carrier 1a.
- a contact spring 10 is attached at one end, which carries at its movable end a switch contact 11, which cooperates with a stationary switch contact 12, which is attached to the other tongue 7.
- a bimetallic snap disk 16 is held loosely between hooks 15 at the front and rear on contact spring 10 and tabs 17 on the side of the contact spring.
- the bimetallic snap disk could also be arranged on the underside of the contact spring 10, that is to say between the contact spring 10 and the carrier 1a.
- two rigid connecting lugs 20, 21 are attached, which protrude in opposite directions from the plate 18 and are soldered to the connecting lugs 2 and 3 of the bimetal switch.
- the carrier 1 a has an opening 19 running from bottom to top through which the ohmic heat generated in the thick-film resistor or resistors can reach the bimetallic snap disk 16.
- a switch 22 which responds to changes in position and / or accelerations is provided, which has a housing 23 with a continuous cylindrical bore.
- Two insert parts 24 and 25 are inserted into the bore, the mutually facing surfaces of which are weakly concave and are covered with two electrodes 26 and 27, which delimit a cavity in which a ball 28 is arranged to move freely.
- the housing 23 and the two insert parts 24 and 25 are made of plastic. There is a plastic ring 29 between the two insert parts 24 and 25, which keeps the two insert parts and thus also the two electrodes 26 and 27 at a distance.
- each lead lugs 30 and 31 leads through the gap between the two insert parts 24 and 25 on one side and the housing 23 on the other side in opposite directions to the outside. With one of these connection lugs 31, the switch 22 is soldered to a current path on the ceramic plate 18.
- the ball 28 is made of metal at least on its surface. In the position shown, the switch 22 is open.
- the ball 28 moves into a position in which it makes contact with both electrodes 26 and 27 by bridging the narrow ring 29 and thereby closes the switch .
- FIGS. 5 and 6 Circuit examples of the device shown in FIG. 1 are shown in FIGS. 5 and 6.
- FIG. 5 shows a consumer R fed from an AC voltage source, with which the bimetal switch 1 is in series. There is a parallel to the bimetal switch Resistor R 2 is provided, which bridges the bimetal switch 1 constantly.
- the resistors R 1 and R 2 are preferably thick-film resistors which are located on the ceramic plate 18.
- R 2 30 k ⁇ .
- the full mains voltage is at the ends of the resistor R 1 , so that the resistor R 1 heats the bimetal switch 1 with a heating power of approximately 4.8 W until it exceeds its switching temperature and opens.
- the consumer R is then de-energized and the mains voltage now drops across the series resistors R 1 and R 2 , which together now only produce a heating power of approximately 1.2 W, which is sufficient, however, to keep the bimetal switch 1 open .
- the consumer R is also fed from the AC voltage network and in series with the consumer R is the bimetal switch 1, which is bridged by the two series resistors R 3 and R 4 .
- the component 22 having two switching states, which in turn is a switch that responds in a position-dependent and / or acceleration-dependent manner, is parallel to the consumer R, in such a way that one terminal of the switch 22 is connected to the connecting line 34 of the two Resistors R 3 and R 4 are connected.
- the switch 22 does not respond, but only the bimetallic switch 21 as a result of overheating, then in the circuit example according to FIG. 5 the entire current flows through the resistor R 2 , in the circuit example according to FIG. 6 through the two successive resistors R 3 and R 4 ;
- the resistor R 2 heats the bimetal switch 1 with a power of approximately 1.6 W and keeps it open
- the resistors R 3 and R 4 heat the bimetal switch 1 with a power of approx
- the switch 22 can be replaced by a modified switch as shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 4.
- the switch 40 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 is particularly suitable for use in irons.
- the switch 40 has a housing 41 with a cylindrical recess 42 which is closed by an insert part 43.
- the insert part 43 has a weakly concave, inner surface which is covered with two electrodes 44 and 45, the shape of which can be seen in the top view in FIG. 3.
- the housing 41 and the insert 43 are made of plastic.
- the electrodes 44 and 45 can be formed on the insert part 43 by electroless metal separation.
- the two electrodes 44 and 45 have the shape of a strip and both electrodes start from the lowest point of the concave surface of the insert part 43 and move in opposite directions to the edge of the concave surface of the insert part 43. Lead from there two lugs 46 and 47 through the gap between the housing 41 and the insert 43 to the outside. In the middle of the insert part 43, where the two electrodes 44 and 45 come together, a concave surface recess 48 is provided in the concave surface, which simultaneously delimits the two electrodes 44 and 45.
- a freely movable ball 49 In the cavity 42 there is a freely movable ball 49, the radius of which is greater than the radius of the recess 48 and which is made of metal at least on its surface.
- the switch In the position shown in FIG. 2, the ball 49 lies in the lowest point of the insert part 43 and makes contact with both electrodes 44 and 45: the switch is closed. In the event of changes in position or accelerations in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the drawing, the ball 49 is deflected from its position shown in FIG. 2: the switch is open.
- the switch shown in Fig. 2 is installed in the iron so that it assumes the position shown in Fig. 2 when the iron is on its soleplate.
- the ball assumes the position shown in FIG. 2 and closes the switch, so that when one of the circuit examples shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 is used, the iron is switched off, so that the items to be ironed or the ironing pad not be accidentally scorched.
- the iron is moved back and forth, which has the consequence that the ball on the concave surface of the insert 43 rolls back and forth and, if necessary, randomly and briefly connects the two electrodes 44 and 45 to one another.
- the short-term current flow that occurs through the resistor R 1 (circuit example Fig. 5) or through the resistors R 3 and R 4 (circuit example Fig. 6) does not last long enough to heat the bimetal switch 1 to above its switching temperature, so that the soleplate is heated during normal ironing movements. The same applies if the iron is put up during ironing breaks, as is customary.
- Fig. 2 shows two threaded holes 50 in the housing, which are used for mounting the switch 40.
- the switch 52 shown in FIG. 4 has a housing 53 with a bell-shaped cavity 54, which carries an annular electrode 55 in the lower region, from which a soldering lug 56 leads to the outside through the gap between the housing 53 and a plate 57 closing the cavity 54 .
- a metallic clapper 58 is suspended freely.
- Another solder tab 59 leads from the clapper 58 out of the housing.
- the clapper does not touch the electrode 55: the switch is open. If the switch 52 is tilted over one of its edges by 90 ° or 180 °, the clapper 58 makes contact with the electrode 55: the switch is closed.
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT87901036T ATE68633T1 (de) | 1986-01-16 | 1987-01-14 | Sicherheitsausschaltvorrichtung. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19863601055 DE3601055A1 (de) | 1986-01-16 | 1986-01-16 | Sicherheitsausschaltvorrichtung |
DE3601055 | 1986-01-16 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0254740A1 true EP0254740A1 (de) | 1988-02-03 |
EP0254740B1 EP0254740B1 (de) | 1991-10-16 |
Family
ID=6291925
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP87901036A Expired - Lifetime EP0254740B1 (de) | 1986-01-16 | 1987-01-14 | Sicherheitsausschaltvorrichtung |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5039843A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0254740B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JPS63503020A (de) |
AT (1) | ATE68633T1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE3601055A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1987004560A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4113487C1 (de) * | 1991-04-25 | 1992-11-05 | Fleischgrosshandel Hans-Werner & Bernd Meixner Gmbh, 6301 Wettenberg, De | |
GB9114247D0 (en) * | 1991-07-02 | 1991-08-21 | Otter Controls Ltd | Improvements relating to thermally-responsive controls |
US5285033A (en) * | 1991-08-05 | 1994-02-08 | C&K Components Inc. | Tilt action switch |
DE4142716C2 (de) * | 1991-12-21 | 1997-01-16 | Microtherm Gmbh | Thermoschalter |
JPH05282977A (ja) * | 1992-03-30 | 1993-10-29 | Texas Instr Japan Ltd | 過電流保護装置 |
DE9214940U1 (de) * | 1992-11-03 | 1992-12-17 | Thermik Geraetebau Gmbh, 7530 Pforzheim, De | |
FR2703184B1 (fr) * | 1993-03-03 | 1995-12-01 | Gen Electric | Contacteur actionné électro-thermiquement. |
US5595672A (en) * | 1994-05-19 | 1997-01-21 | Pentalpha Enterprises Ltd. | Automatic power interrupting apparatus for an electric appliance |
DE19527254C2 (de) * | 1995-07-26 | 2000-01-20 | Thermik Geraetebau Gmbh | Temperaturwächter |
US5751074A (en) * | 1995-09-08 | 1998-05-12 | Edward B. Prior & Associates | Non-metallic liquid tilt switch and circuitry |
US5852279A (en) * | 1996-10-02 | 1998-12-22 | Windmere Corporation | Clothes iron with automatic shut off system controlled by multiple switches |
DE29709337U1 (de) * | 1997-05-28 | 1997-07-24 | Behr Gmbh & Co | Elektrische Heizeinrichtung für ein Kraftfahrzeug |
CN1218649A (zh) * | 1997-11-29 | 1999-06-09 | 三星电子株式会社 | 带有陶瓷加热器的吹风机 |
US6104009A (en) * | 1998-12-07 | 2000-08-15 | Hp Intellectual Corp. | Electrical appliance having user proximity sensor |
JP3825583B2 (ja) * | 1999-06-25 | 2006-09-27 | ウチヤ・サーモスタット株式会社 | 感熱遮断装置および電池パック |
AU2001276622A1 (en) * | 2000-08-17 | 2002-02-25 | Tyco Electronics Amp Gmbh | Protective circuit for protecting an electric circuit from excessive currents orvoltages |
JP4471479B2 (ja) * | 2000-10-13 | 2010-06-02 | ウチヤ・サーモスタット株式会社 | サーマルプロテクタ |
DE10106141B4 (de) * | 2001-02-10 | 2006-12-07 | INTER CONTROL Hermann Köhler Elektrik GmbH & Co KG | Thermisch gesteuerte Einrichtung zur Betätigung einer Ventilöffnung, insbesondere eines Flüssigkeitsventils |
AU2009227973A1 (en) * | 2008-03-28 | 2009-10-01 | Avalon Green Energy Pty Ltd | Controlled switching |
Family Cites Families (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB593370A (en) * | 1945-02-20 | 1947-10-15 | Thermega Ltd | Improvements in or relating to thermostatic electric switches |
US1461878A (en) * | 1921-05-23 | 1923-07-17 | John E Harvey | Thermostatic control |
US2367985A (en) * | 1942-04-16 | 1945-01-23 | Gen Electric | Control device |
BE452864A (de) * | 1942-10-27 | |||
FR1379560A (fr) * | 1964-01-17 | 1964-11-20 | Westfalia Separator Ag | Contacteur sensible au balourd pour séparateurs centrifuges |
FR1449168A (fr) * | 1965-09-27 | 1966-08-12 | Dispositif de rupture de courant automatique pour fer à repasser | |
DE2261974A1 (de) * | 1972-12-18 | 1974-06-20 | Repa Feinstanzwerk Gmbh | Sensor-schalter |
DE2824210A1 (de) * | 1978-06-02 | 1979-12-06 | Sachs Systemtechnik Gmbh | Beschleunigungs- oder lagesensor |
DE3111099A1 (de) * | 1981-03-20 | 1982-09-30 | Boerung-Gebrauchsartikel GmbH, 8400 Regensburg | Elektrischer schalter |
DE3231136C2 (de) * | 1982-08-21 | 1984-08-23 | Limitor AG, 8022 Zürich | Bimetallschutzschalter |
JPS6014784A (ja) * | 1983-07-06 | 1985-01-25 | 株式会社日立製作所 | セラミツクヒ−タ |
DE3506784A1 (de) * | 1984-02-23 | 1985-09-05 | Dietmar 8500 Nürnberg Janus | Sicherheits-schalter |
US4686352B1 (en) * | 1984-04-27 | 1993-12-14 | Sunbeam Corporation | Electronic pressing iron |
DE3512486A1 (de) * | 1985-04-03 | 1986-10-16 | Dietmar 8500 Nürnberg Janus | Lageabhaengig betaetigter sicherheitsschalter |
US4661685A (en) * | 1985-09-06 | 1987-04-28 | John Zink Company | Electronic pressing iron |
-
1986
- 1986-01-16 DE DE19863601055 patent/DE3601055A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1987
- 1987-01-14 US US07/113,183 patent/US5039843A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1987-01-14 EP EP87901036A patent/EP0254740B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-01-14 DE DE8787901036T patent/DE3773784D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1987-01-14 AT AT87901036T patent/ATE68633T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-01-14 WO PCT/EP1987/000013 patent/WO1987004560A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1987-01-14 JP JP62501171A patent/JPS63503020A/ja active Pending
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO8704560A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS63503020A (ja) | 1988-11-02 |
ATE68633T1 (de) | 1991-11-15 |
US5039843A (en) | 1991-08-13 |
EP0254740B1 (de) | 1991-10-16 |
WO1987004560A1 (en) | 1987-07-30 |
DE3601055A1 (de) | 1987-07-23 |
DE3773784D1 (de) | 1991-11-21 |
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