EP0244790B1 - Device for producing reinforcements - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an apparatus for producing reinforcements, intended for construction purposes, of reinforced concrete plates for prefabricated ceilings, without manual aid. The apparatus comprises a straightening and cutting device 1 for the transverse rods 22 of the reinforcement having a transverse rod outlet path 4, a displacement apparatus 46 and a transverse rod magazine 7; a straightening, cutting and bending device 2 for the longitudinal rods 23 having a longitudinal rod outlet path 5; and a combination device 3 for producing the lattice girders 24, having a lattice girder outlet path 6 and a lattice girder magazine 8. With the aid of the transverse rod magazine 7 and two insertion robots 9 and 10 that are displaceable on rails 67, the reinforcement can be inserted and positioned under electronic control into the form 18 that is arranged on a pallet 15 and is moved through the apparatus on a travel path 13. A slip-on device 29 serving to slip spacers 30 onto the transverse rods 22 is disposed between the straightening and cutting device 1 and the transverse rod outlet path 4. The entire reinforcement is made from round wires and bands of structural steel wound into rings.

Description

The innovation concerns a device for the production of reinforcements of plates made of reinforced concrete for construction purposes for prefabricated ceilings using pallets that can be set up on mobile tracks and serve to accommodate the reinforcements and the cast concrete, with a straightening and cutting device For the preparation of the crossbars, a straightening, cutting and bending device for the longitudinal bars and a combination device for creating the lattice girders, which runways for the crossbars, the longitudinal bars and the lattice girders have and are loaded with round wires and strips made of structural steel wound in rings.

The innovation is used in the industrial production of prefabricated ceilings of different dimensions for buildings of all kinds.

When producing reinforced concrete slabs for prefabricated ceilings, the shapes and sizes to be poured out with concrete are first set up on mobile pallets and then the required reinforcement is inserted by hand. This reinforcement consists of a number of transverse and longitudinal bars specified by the structural requirements, as well as some lattice girders, which are placed on the pallet in a specific arrangement and at certain points using drawings or markings.

It is known to create the individual parts of the reinforcement, not only the transverse and longitudinal bars, but also the lattice girders, mechanically and automatically from round wires or strips of structural steel in rings by electronically controlled devices; In these facilities, the wires and strips are straightened, cut, bent and welded. It is customary to store the finished parts that have been placed on the runways by the facilities and then to transport them to the point at which they are inserted into the mold on the pallet by hand and, if necessary, with the help of a crane, after before - also by hand - spacers have been placed on the crossbars to be inserted first.

The object of the invention is to design a device with the help of which the insertion and placement of the entire reinforcement of reinforced concrete slabs for prefabricated ceilings of different sizes can be carried out in the molds without manual help.

To solve the problem, a device of the type mentioned is assumed, which is equipped with a straightening and cutting device for the cross bars, a straightening, cutting and bending device for the longitudinal bars and a combination device for the lattice girders, each of which has runways for the cross bars, the longitudinal bars and the lattice girders and which are loaded with round wires and strips of mild steel wound in rings. The object is achieved in that the transverse rod runway is arranged above and perpendicular to the carriageway, that the longitudinal rod runway and the lattice girder runway are arranged opposite one another and parallel to the carriageway, that between the lattice girder runway and the Lane a lattice girder magazine is provided, and that two insertion robots are arranged between the lattice girder magazine and the longitudinal rod runway. With this device it is possible to automatically insert and place the complete reinforcement of reinforced concrete slabs for prefabricated ceilings in the molds. The proposed device not only saves manual heavy work but also working time and avoids incorrect assignments. In addition, structural steel is saved because machine placement eliminates errors in the assignment of the mold. The innovation also offers a surprising advantage in that it enables occupancy that corresponds to the static requirements and that was previously not possible due to possible errors or hardly affordable costs.

In an advantageous embodiment of the innovation, a displacement device for the cross bars is provided on the cross bar runway. This displacement device allows cross bars of any length to be placed in the form provided for them.

The cross bar runway, the longitudinal bar runway and the lattice girder runway are expediently arranged to be tiltable transversely to their longitudinal direction. This arrangement allows the finished transverse and longitudinal bars as well as the finished lattice girders to be handed over to subsequent devices in a simple manner or to be made available for them in a defined manner.

A mechanically operated tilting device can engage on the crossbar runway, the longitudinal bar runway and the lattice girder runway. Such a tilting device is easily electronically controllable, so that the time of transfer to the subsequent devices can be determined without difficulty.

As a further feature of the proposed device, a crossbar magazine is attached to the side of the crossbar runway. This cross bar magazine serves as an intermediate storage for the finished and already provided with spacers cross bars.

A conveyor device which has compartments for receiving the cross bars provided with the spacers advantageously serves as the cross bar magazine. With this conveyor, the crossbars can be placed on the pallet from the crossbar runway.

A plug-in device for spacers is advantageously inserted between the straightening and cutting device for the cross bars and the cross bar runway. This push-on device makes it possible to equip the cross bars with the required number of spacers during their ejection from the straightening and cutting device.

The plug-on device expediently has a mechanically actuated stamp, and it is provided with an egg connected to a vibrating conveyor. The vibrating conveyor serving as a magazine for the spacers transports the spacers into their intended position under the stamp, with the aid of which they are attached to the crossbars.

In the proposed device, the straightening, cutting and bending device for the longitudinal bars together with its longitudinal bar runway and the combination device for the lattice girders together with its lattice girder runway are advantageously mounted above the roadway. This measure not only saves space, it also makes it easier to operate the device and insert the reinforcement into the form beneath it, lying on the pallet.

The two insertion robots are expediently provided above the roadway. It is at this place that these devices can best develop a free activity and in the event of a fault, manual loading can be carried out without hindrance and without delay.

The two insertion robots will expediently have swivel arms which are movable in planes perpendicular to the road.

Tongs-like double grippers are located at the free end of the swivel arms of the insert robots. These double grippers allow reliable gripping and insertion even of short longitudinal bars or lattice girders.

It is particularly advantageous if the two insertion robots are arranged to be displaceable in the longitudinal direction of the carriageway. This makes it possible to guide the two insertion robots in such a way that they can insert the sometimes very long longitudinal wires and lattice girders into the mold without interference.

It is expedient if the lattice girder magazine has mechanically operated pawls. With the help of these pawls, it is easy to let the finished lattice girder slide at the end of the lattice girder magazine.

It can be advantageous if the straightening and cutting device for the crossbars, the plug-on device for the spacers, the crossbar runway, the displacement device and the crossbar magazine are arranged together on a frame and with the help of a suitable drive parallel to the frame Roadway in the frame can be moved together. The direction of the displacement can be selected and the displacement speed can be matched to that of the mobile scaffold of the pallet, which makes it easier to put the cross bars into the mold.

• Fig. 1 die Vorrichtung in einer Draufsicht;
• Fig. 2 die Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 1, in einem Vertikalschnitt, geschnitten entlang der Linie II - II in Fig. 1;
• Fig. 3 den vorderen Teil der Vorrichtung nach Fig. 1, ebenfalls in einem Vertikalschnitt, geschnitten entlang der Linie 111 - 111 in Fig. 3;
• Fig. 4 einen Abstandshalter in einer Draufsicht.

The proposed device is explained below using an exemplary embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings. A simplified representation of these drawings shows:

• Figure 1 shows the device in a plan view.
• FIG. 2 shows the device according to FIG. 1, in a vertical section, cut along the line II-II in FIG. 1;
• 3 shows the front part of the device according to FIG. 1, likewise in a vertical section, cut along the line 111-111 in FIG. 3;
• Fig. 4 shows a spacer in a plan view.

The device shown for the production of reinforcements of plates intended for building from reinforced concrete for prefabricated ceilings - see Fig. 1 - consists essentially of a straightening and cutting device 1 for the preparation of the cross bars, a straightening, cutting and bending device 2 for the longitudinal bars , a combination device 3 for the lattice girder, a cross bar runway 4, a longitudinal bar runway 5, a lattice girder runway 6, a cross bar magazine 7, a lattice girder magazine 8, and two insertion robots 9 and 10. All these components of the device are arranged in an elongated rectangular frame 11 made from U-profile rails.

At the bottom parts 12 of the frame 11 isvgl. Fig. 2 - a roadway 13 arranged in the form of a track consisting of two parallel rails 14, on which a pallet 15 can be moved, which carries four wheels 16 for this purpose. On the pallet, which can be removed from a mobile scaffold 17, a mold 18 for pouring concrete is set up, which is assembled from two longitudinal walls 19 and two end walls 20. In this form 18 is the reinforcement 21 produced by the device, which is composed of cross bars 22, longitudinal bars 23 and lattice girders 24, each of which is made of structural steel.

The straightening and cutting device 1 for preparing the cross bars 22 is mounted next to and above the carriageway 13 on the frame 11 and is perpendicular to the carriageway 13. In front of the straightening and cutting device 1 there is a rotatable uncoiler 25 on which a ring 26 of a round wire is located with a diameter of 5 - 12 mm. This round wire 27, which is introduced into the straightening and cutting device 1 with its beginning, is continuously drawn into the straightening and cutting device 1, straightened therein and successively cut into pieces of a specific, predetermined length, which are ejected at the device outlet 28. This straightening and cutting device 1 is known with regard to its construction and mode of operation and therefore requires no further explanation.

A plug-in device 29 for spacers 30 is provided between the straightening and cutting device 1 for the cross bars 22 and the cross bar runway 4. In a vibrating conveyor 31 are the disc-shaped spacers 30 made of a suitable plastic (see FIG. 3) with an essentially square plan with four protruding corners and a central opening 33, the diameter of which is somewhat smaller than that of the round wire 27 of the cross bar 22 , with the central opening merging into a slightly tapered slot. The spacers 30 pass from the vibrating conveyor 31 provided with a spiral path 34 into a horizontal shaft 35, the end of which is in front of the device outlet 28. A vertically movable plunger 36 which is mechanically driven by an actuator device 37 is actuated, pushes a spacer 30 onto the cross bars 22 at certain time intervals, while these are ejected from the straightening and cutting device 1 and placed on the subsequent cross bar runway 4.

The straightening, cutting and bending device 2 for the longitudinal bars 23 is also arranged next to and above the carriageway 13 on the frame 11 and its working direction is parallel to the carriageway 13, its operation and its function are known and therefore do not require any further explanation. At the beginning of this straightening, cutting and bending device 2, two (or more) rotatable unwinding reels 38 are provided, on which rings 39 of a round wire of 5 to 12 mm are placed, which are straightened, cut to length and moreover at their ends if required is bent.

The combination device 3 for creating the lattice girders 24 is in turn a known, commercially available device which is arranged next to and above and parallel to the carriageway 13 on the frame 11. At the beginning of this combination device 3 there are four unwinding reels 40, on which rings 41 of round wires and rings 42 of strips of structural steel lie. In the combination device 3, the round wires and the strips are straightened, bent, cut and welded together to form lattice girders 24 which are finally ejected.

The arrows 43 illustrate the working direction of the straightening and cutting device 1, the straightening, cutting and bending device 2 and the combination device 3.

The crossbar runway 4, which is attached in the working direction to the straightening and cutting device 1 for the crossbars 22 after the push-on device 29 for the spacers 30, lies above the roadway 13 and is arranged perpendicularly to it - FIGS. 1 and 2. This crossbar Runway 4 consists of a flat, long and narrow table, which has two terminal and off-center pivot 44, around which the crossbar runway 4 is arranged to be tiltable transversely to its longitudinal direction.

A controlled, mechanically operated tilting device 45 (FIG. 3) in the form of a hydraulic cylinder acts on the crossbar runway 4.

In parallel to the cross bar runway 4, a displacement device 46 is provided for the cross bars 22 provided with the spacers 30 attached. This displacement device 46 consists of an endless chain 48 wrapped around two sprockets 47, to each of which a push arm 49 is fastened at two mutually opposite points and moves over the table of the crossbar runway 4. The displacement device 46 is driven by a drive device 50 in a predetermined rhythm and it has the task of positioning each cross member 22 placed on the cross bar runway 4 on the table in such a way that it later reaches its intended position on the pallet 15. With the aid of the tilting device 45, the crossbar runway 4 is tilted in such a way that the crossbar 22 positioned by the displacement device 46 is dropped onto the crossbar magazine 7.

The longitudinal rod runway 5 is connected in the working direction (arrow 43) to the straightening, cutting and bending device 2 for the longitudinal rods 23 and lies parallel next to and above the carriageway 13. This longitudinal rod runway 5 consists of a trough which is divided by two terminal pivot 51 is arranged tiltable transversely to its longitudinal direction. Lateral recesses 52 allow each finished longitudinal bar 23 to be gripped from the side by the insertion robots 9 and 10. On the side of the longitudinal bar runway 5, a controlled, mechanically actuated tilting device 53 in the form of a hydraulic cylinder acts.

The lattice girder runway 6 connects to the combination device 3 for producing the lattice girders 24. Each lattice girder 24 has a triangular cross section and it consists of an upper chord, two lower chords and at least two rows of lattice bars, as indicated in FIG. 1. The lattice girder runway 6 also consists of a lower channel which can be tilted transversely to its longitudinal direction in two pivots 54 provided at its ends with the aid of a tilting device 55. With the aid of the tilting device 55, which is controlled in a predetermined cycle, each lattice girder 24 is placed laterally on the lattice girder magazine 8. The attachments of the three tilting devices 45, 53 and 55 on the frame 11 are not shown in the drawings for reasons of clarity.

The cross bar magazine 7 - cf. Fig. 3 in particular - is attached laterally to the crossbar runway 4 and fastened to the frame 11 in a manner not shown. This crossbar magazine 7 is a conveying device driven by an electric motor 56, which has a larger number of compartments 57 lying close together. Each of these trough-shaped compartments 57 can accommodate a cross member 22 equipped with spacers 30, which has been thrown off the cross bar runway 4 onto the cross bar magazine 7. The crossbar magazine 7 has two pairs of chain wheels 58, over each of which two endless conveyor chains 59 are looped. The compartments 57 are fastened to these conveyor chains 59. The rotary shafts 60 of the chain wheels 58 are arranged in a frame 61 which is inclined obliquely downwards in the direction of the roadway 13. When the electric motor 56 is actuated, the crossbars 22 lying on the crossbar magazine 7 are inserted at their lowest point onto the pallet 15 which is passing a short distance below the crossbar magazine 7 at a predetermined speed at the intended locations in the mold 18.

The lattice girder magazine 8 is provided between the lattice girder runway 6 and the carriageway 13 and is fastened to the frame 11 with an angle 62. This lattice girder magazine 8, which is inclined at an angle of approximately 45 degrees downwards in the direction of the roadway 13, consists of four parallel girders 63, in which Rei hen of pawls 64 are arranged one behind the other, which protrude with their locking lugs over the carrier 63. In the transverse direction, four pawls 64, each at the same height, are connected to one another by rotatably mounted cross bars 65, the ends of which are inserted on one side into an electrically controlled, mechanical actuating device 66 which is parallel to the supports 63. Each lattice girder 24 manufactured in the combination device 3 and ejected onto the lattice girder runway 6 is thrown off by tipping onto the lattice girder magazine 8 and remains there - held by the uppermost row of four pawls 64. Before the next lattice girder 24 is ejected, the actuating device 66 starts, which releases the top row of four of the pawl 64, so that the lattice girder 24 on the brackets 63 slides down towards the road 13 until the next row of four stops. In this way, the lattice girders 24 are passed downward, where the lowermost lattice girders 24 are then gripped by the insertion robots 9 and 10.

The two identical insertion robots 9 and 10 are arranged above the carriageway 13 in two rails 67 provided parallel to the carriageway 13 and can be displaced in the longitudinal direction of the carriageway 13. For this purpose, the two insertion robots 9 and 10 are provided with lateral rollers 68. Each insertion robot 9, 10 has a swivel arm 69, consisting of an upper arm 70 and a lower arm 71 pivotably connected to it, which is movable in a plane perpendicular to the roadway 13.

At the free end of the swivel arm 69 of the two insertion robots 9, 10 sits a pincer-like double gripper 72 with a mouth, the opening of which is suitable for gripping a round wire of a lattice girder 24 or a longitudinal bar 23. The swivel range 73 of the two swivel arms 69 extends from the longitudinal rod runway 5 to the lowest point of the lattice girder magazine 8. Because of the displaceability of the two insertion robots 9 and 10, each lattice girder 24 and each longitudinal girder 23 can be of any length on that under the insertion robots 9 and 10 pallet 15 passing by at a predetermined speed are placed exactly on the intended location within the mold 18 on the already lying cross bars 22.

The function of the device is as follows. The pallet 15 is moved into the frame 11 at a certain speed on the roadway 13, this speed can be constant or change when driving through. While the pallet 15 passes under the crossbar magazine 7, the crossbars 22, which are prepared by the straightening and cutting device 1 and positioned by the displacement device 46 and are positioned transversely to the carriageway 13 and are already inserted into the mold 18, are inserted one after the other in a predetermined cycle Distances have been provided with the spacers 30. As soon as the pallet 15 comes under the two inserting robots 9 and 10 when moving on, they grip the lattice girders 24 and the longitudinal bars 23 with the double grippers 72 of their swivel arms 69, which are provided by the combination device 3 and the straightening, cutting and bending device 2 are provided and are already on the bottom row of four pawls 64 of the lattice girder magazine 8 or on the longitudinal rod runway 5 parallel to the roadway 13. Controlled accordingly, the two insertion robots 9 and 10 place the lattice girders 24 and the longitudinal bars 23 at the locations provided for this purpose on the cross girders 22 already lying there. After this process has been completed, the form 18 contains the entire reinforcement, whereupon the pallet 15 leaves the frame 11 and there the procedure is where the concrete is poured into the mold 18, which is then compacted by shaking and finally has a rest period for setting.

All parts of the device can be controlled so that the cross bars 22 and the longitudinal bars 23 are not only placed equidistantly - as indicated in the drawing - in the mold 18; on the contrary, it is easily possible to insert the reinforcement at different distances that exactly correspond to the structural requirements of the slab.

As can be seen from FIG. 1, those parts of the device which are used to prepare and insert the cross bars 22 can be used - that is, the straightening and cutting device 1 for the cross bars 22, the plug-on device 29 for the spacers 30, and the cross bar runway 4 its displacement device 46 and the crossbar magazine 7 - be arranged on a frame 74 (indicated by dashed lines) which is provided on the frame 11 parallel to the carriageway 13 by means of a suitable drive (not shown). For this purpose, the frame 74 can have rollers (not shown) which run in rails (not shown) of the frame 11.

Claims (15)

1. Apparatus for producing reinforcements, intended for construction purposes, of reinforced concrete plates for prefabricated ceilings, using forms, serving to receive the reinforcements as well as the poured concrete, that can be put on pallets that are movable along a track, having a straightening and cutting device for preparing the transverse rods, s straightening, cutting and bending device for the longi tudinal rods, and a combination device for preparing the lattice girder, which devices have outlet paths for the transverse rods, longitudinal rods and lattice girders and are supplied with round wires and bands of structural steel, wound into rings, characterised in that,

(a) the transverse rod outlet path (4) is located above the track and at right angles to it,

(b) the longitudinal rod outlet path (5) and the lattice girder outlet path (6) are located opposite each other and parallel to, on opposite sides of and above the track (13),

(c) a lattice girder magazine (8) is provided between the lattice girder outlet path (6) and the track (13), and

(d) two insertion robots (9 and 10) are disposed between the lattice girder magazine (6) and the longitudinal rod outlet path (5).

2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterised in that a displacement device (46) for the transverse rods is provided on the transverse rod outlet path (4).

3. Apparatus according to claims 1 or 2, characterised in that the transverse rod outlet path (4), the longitudinal rod outlet path (5) and the lattice girder outlet path (6) are disposed such that they are tiltable transversely to their longitudinal direction.

4. Apparatus according to claims 1 to 3 characterised in that a mechanically actuated tilting device (45, 53, 55) engages the transverse rod outlet path (4), the longitudinal rod outlet path (5) and the lattice girder outlet path (6).

5. Apparatus according to claims 1 to 4, characterised in that a transverse rod magazine (7) is mounted laterally on the transverse rod outlet path (4).

6. Apparatus defined by claims 5, characterized in that acting as the transverse rod magazine (7) is a conveyor apparatus, which has shelves (57) for receiving the transverse rods (22) that have been provided with the spacers (30).

7. Apparatus according to claims 1 to 6, characterised in that between the straightening and cutting device (1) for the transverse rods (22) and the transverse rod outlet path (4), a slip-on device (29) for spacers (30) is provided.

8. Apparatus according to claim 7, characterised in that the slip-on device (29) has a mechanically actuated ram (36) and is connected to a shaker conveyor (31).

9. Apparatus according to claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the straightening, cutting and bending device (2) for the longitudinal rods (23), along with its longitudinal rod outlet path (5), and the combination device (3) for the lattice girders (24), along with the lattice girder outlet path (6), are mounted above track (13).

10. Apparatus according to claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the inseration robots (9 and 10) are provided above the track (13).

11. Apparatus according to claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the insertion robots (9 and 10) have pivoting arms (69), which are movable in planes at right angles to the track (13).

12. Apparatus according to claim 11, characterised in that a tong-like double gripper (72) is mounted on the free end of the pivoting arm (69).

13. Apparatus according to claims 1 to 12, characterised in that the two insertion robots (9, 10) are disposed such that they are displaceable in the longitudinal direction of the track (13).

14. Apparatus according to claims 1 to 13, chara- terised in that the lattice girder magazine (8) has mechanically actuated paws (64).

15. Apparatus according to claims 1 to 14, characterised in that the straightening and cutting device for the transverse rods (22), the slip-on device (29), the transverse rod outlet path (4), the displacement device (46) and the transverse rod magazine (7) are disposed such that they are displaceable in common, parallel to the track (13), in the frame (11).

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