EP0244204A1 - Low pressure atomization nozzle - Google Patents

Low pressure atomization nozzle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0244204A1
EP0244204A1 EP19870303754 EP87303754A EP0244204A1 EP 0244204 A1 EP0244204 A1 EP 0244204A1 EP 19870303754 EP19870303754 EP 19870303754 EP 87303754 A EP87303754 A EP 87303754A EP 0244204 A1 EP0244204 A1 EP 0244204A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
substance
gas
orifice
liquid
nozzle assembly
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP19870303754
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Peter Clive Sewell
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Western Packaging Systems Ltd
Original Assignee
Western Packaging Systems Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Western Packaging Systems Ltd filed Critical Western Packaging Systems Ltd
Publication of EP0244204A1 publication Critical patent/EP0244204A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/0081—Apparatus supplied with low pressure gas, e.g. "hvlp"-guns; air supplied by a fan
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/04—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge
    • B05B7/0416—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid
    • B05B7/0441—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid with one inner conduit of liquid surrounded by an external conduit of gas upstream the mixing chamber
    • B05B7/0458—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid with one inner conduit of liquid surrounded by an external conduit of gas upstream the mixing chamber the gas and liquid flows being perpendicular just upstream the mixing chamber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/04—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge
    • B05B7/0416—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid
    • B05B7/0441—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid with one inner conduit of liquid surrounded by an external conduit of gas upstream the mixing chamber
    • B05B7/0475—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid with one inner conduit of liquid surrounded by an external conduit of gas upstream the mixing chamber with means for deflecting the peripheral gas flow towards the central liquid flow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/06—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with at least one outlet orifice surrounding another approximately in the same plane
    • B05B7/062—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with at least one outlet orifice surrounding another approximately in the same plane with only one liquid outlet and at least one gas outlet
    • B05B7/066—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with at least one outlet orifice surrounding another approximately in the same plane with only one liquid outlet and at least one gas outlet with an inner liquid outlet surrounded by at least one annular gas outlet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/10—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge producing a swirling discharge

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a nozzle assembly which utilizes a first substance to accelerate a second substance and, more particularly, to a nozzle assembly which utilizes a gas for accelerating an adhesive which is then propelled from the nozzle assembly.
  • Nozzles are used to propel or spray liquids and are generally classified into “liquid only” nozzles, which use high liquid pressure to propel, spray or atomize the fluid, and “liquid-gas” nozzles which utilize a pressurized gas, such as compressed air, in association with the liquid stream, the gas being used to accelerate and propel the fluid.
  • a pressurized gas such as compressed air
  • valve mechanisms of this type have by necessity been equipped with a valve mechanism to intermittently terminate liquid flow.
  • a minute liquid residue is retained on the valve mechanism after it is closed. This residue can build up over a period of time and clog the orifice of the valve and/or adversely affect its opening and closing operation particularly when the liquid being sprayed is an adhesive. This is disadvantageous.
  • a further disadvantage of known liquid-gas nozzles is that they use relatively large gas flows to achieve satisfactory atomization of the liquid. Downstream turbulence associated with these large gas flows carries fine particles into the atmosphere and causes "overspray". Overspray contaminates the atmosphere in the vicinity of the nozzle and requires costly cleanup and equipment maintenance.
  • a nozzle assembly comprising first inlet means, second inlet means, and an exit means, said first inlet means being positioned to supply a first substance in an inwardly direction towards said second inlet means, said second inlet means being operable to supply a second substance in a direction substantially normal to said inwardly direction of said first substance, and said exit means being positioned downstream of said first and second inlet means and being operable to simultaneously eject both said first and second substances.
  • a nozzle assembly comprising gas inlet means positioned to supply gas inwardly towards the periphery of a liquid inlet orifice, an exit orifice located downstream from said gas inlet means and said liquid inlet orifice, said exit orifice being operable to simultaneously discharge both said gas from said gas inlet means and said liquid from said liquid inlet orifice.
  • a method of discharging a first and second substance from a nozzle assembly comprising the steps of supplying said first substance in an inwardly direction towards an inlet orifice for said second substance, supplying said second substance in a direction substantially normal to the inwardly direction of said first substance and simultaneously discharging said first and second substances from an exit orifice located downstream from said inlet orifice for said second substance.
  • a method of discharging gas and liquid comprising supplying gas in an inwardly direction towards a liquid orifice, discharging liquid from said liquid orifice while supplying said inwardly directed gas and simultaneously discharging said liquid and gas through an exit orifice located downstream of said liquid orifice and said supply of gas.
  • FIG. 1 a nozzle assembly according to the invention is generally shown at 100.
  • Such an assembly 100 is used in adhesive application processes where a first substance introduced is gas and a second substance introduced is adhesive.
  • the nozzle assembly 100 comprises an adhesive inlet or supply orifice generally shown at 101, an air inlet passage generally shown at 102 and an exit orifice 103 formed as a circumference extending through exit plate 104.
  • the adhesive supply orifice 101 comprises an accumulation area 110 to store and hold the adhesive as may be more clearly seen in Figure 7 and a circumferential exit area 111 from which the adhesive is emitted.
  • Control of adhesive flow is by a tapered needle valve assembly 125 positioned inside the supply orifice 101, which moves in a linear direction as indicated under the influence of a pneumatic cylinder 126 and piston 127 as seen in Figure 7.
  • the needle valve 125 intermittently blocks the discharge orifice or exit area 111 when adhesive flow is not required.
  • the air inlet passage 102 ( Figure 1) acts to provide generally inwardly directed air streams which converge at the axis 105 of the supply orifice 101.
  • the discharge or exit area 111 of adhesive inlet orifice 101 is upstream of exit orifice 103 in exit plate 104.
  • the nozzle assembly 113 comprises a circumferential exit orifice 114 extending through the exit plate 120, an adhesive inlet orifice 121 located upstream of the exit orifice 114 and a series of air inlet passages 124 ( Figure 3) which supply air in a direction having velocity components both normal and tangential to a radius extending from the axis 123 of the adhesive inlet orifice 121.
  • the proportion of normal and tangential velocity components in the air flow can be modified by controlling the offset distance as illustrated in Figure 3.
  • the nozzle assembly 113 ( Figure 2) will be used primarily to produce a spray pattern wherein "overspray” as defined in the BACKGROUND area of the specification is minimized and a precise application of the adhesive exiting from the nozzle assembly 100 is achieved.
  • One factor which determines the width of the spray pattern is the offset distance ( Figure 3) of the air inlet passages 124 to achieve the correct proportion of tangential and normal airflow components in the nozzle assembly 100. The air, therefore, spins as it flows inwardly in passages 124 and surrounds the adhesive inlet orifice 121 ( Figure 2) and turns upwardly towards the exit orifice 114 in a direction substantially normal to its inwards flow.
  • the needle valve assembly 125 is intermittently opened as desired by the action of the pneumatic cylinder 126 and adhesive is discharged from the adhesive discharge orifice 111 as a flow which is accelerated by the rapidly moving air whereupon the air and adhesive pass through the exit orifice 114 ( Figure 4) in the form of a filament 132.
  • the filament 132 oscillates or "waves" after leaving the exit orifice 114 and it becomes progressively thinner the further it moves from the exit orifice 114. Surface tension effects then cause the filament 132 to break up into discrete particles or droplets 133 at some distance from the exit orifice 114.
  • a factor that determines where the discharged adhesive emitted by nozzle assembly 113 changes to droplets is the viscosity and surface tension of the particular adhesive or substance being emitted from the adhesive inlet orifice 121. If, for example, the substance is of a relatively low viscosity, it will break up into droplets 133 only a relatively short distance from the exit orifice 114 of the nozzle assembly 113. If the substance is of a relatively high viscosity, such as adhesive, the substance will break into droplets a relatively greater distance from the exit orifice 114 as illustrated generally in Figure 4 although Figure 4 also contemplates a radial air supply as shown in Figure 5.
  • a deposit pattern comprising either filaments or discrete droplets may be obtained as desired.
  • the adhesive 130 being supplied from adhesive inlet orifice 121 is impinged upon on its periphery by the inwardly directed air stream 131.
  • the impingement and the subsequent ninety (90) degree or normal direction change made by the air around the adhesive causes the adhesive 130 to be formed into a filament 132 which, as it leaves the exit orifice 114, moves with an ever increasing amplitude of oscillation until it eventually breaks into droplets 133.
  • a further factor used to modify the "break up" distance from the exit orifice 114 of the filaments into droplets is by providing an increasing or decreasing supply of air. If the air supply through the air nozzles 124 is increased, for example, the filaments 132 ( Figure 4) will be deflected into a wider pattern and the filament breakup distance from the exit orifice 114 and exit plate 104 will be decreased. At some point of increased air supply and at some value for offset distance ( Figure 3), the nozzle assembly 100 will reach its most efficient spray pattern which, of course, can vary depending on the substances used and the target pattern required.
  • the frequency of the spin should be approximately equal to the actual frequency of the nozzle, the frequency being obtained experimentally and, as well, approximately theoretically by the following equation;
  • m air mass flow rate;
  • N ratio of adhesive velocity to air velocity;
  • p density of air;
  • d exit plate orifice diameter;
  • s width of air slot (linear dimension see Figure 6) which is equal to d for assumption purposes;
  • g a numerical factor in the order of unity which represents the friction coefficient of the orifice.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a further embodiment of the invention.
  • air flows in a linear direction along a rectangular air pipe 136 and converges from both ends around the adhesive supply orifice 115.
  • the adhesive supply orifice 115 is upstream of the final exit orifice 137 and the air impinges upon the emitted adhesive and turns 90° as it is directed towards and subsequently emitted from the exit orifice 137.
  • abrasive particles are emitted by the "adhesive" or low pressure orifice 121 and they are controlled by the inwardly directed air stream to an extent where the abrasive material passes through the discharge or exit orifice 114 through the exit plate 104 without substantial contact.
  • the nozzle life therefore, is increased because of the reduced wear generally attributed to abrasive discharge nozzles caused by grit scouring the exit nozzle orifice. Water, rather than air, could, of course, be used as the high pressure propellant.
  • Yet another application contemplates the nozzle assembly in aerosol containers.
  • the improved efficiency of the nozzle makes it possible to operate at lower gas pressures, offering significant advantages of safety and lower costs.
  • the pressures required for the individual substances which are supplied to the nozzle are also of interest. For example, it is maybe advantageous to supply one of the two substances to the nozzle under a relatively high pressure and the other of the substances under relatively low pressure. Such a pressure differential has the potential to modify the exit characteristics of the nozzle, particularly in relation to specific substances used in the nozzle.

Landscapes

  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
EP19870303754 1986-04-28 1987-04-28 Low pressure atomization nozzle Withdrawn EP0244204A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA507797 1986-04-28
CA507797 1986-04-28

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0244204A1 true EP0244204A1 (en) 1987-11-04

Family

ID=4132992

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19870303754 Withdrawn EP0244204A1 (en) 1986-04-28 1987-04-28 Low pressure atomization nozzle

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0244204A1 (ja)
JP (1) JPS62269767A (ja)
CN (1) CN87104313A (ja)
AU (1) AU7212487A (ja)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GR890100298A (el) * 1989-05-05 1991-10-10 Vni Pi Aljuminievoi Magnievoi Συσκευη ψεκασμου υγρου.
WO1991016991A1 (en) * 1990-05-09 1991-11-14 Resch D R Precisely adjustable atomizer
WO1992013643A1 (de) * 1991-02-05 1992-08-20 Gunter Voss Vorrichtung zur beschichtung einer presskammer mit einem schmiermittel
US5232164A (en) * 1990-05-09 1993-08-03 Resch D R Precisely adjustable atomizer
DE4407779A1 (de) * 1994-03-09 1995-09-14 Total Feuerschutz Gmbh Sprühdüse zur Erzeugung von Sprühnebeln
EP0914871A3 (en) * 1997-11-05 2000-05-10 ITW Limited Spray nozzle
GB2392119A (en) * 2002-07-13 2004-02-25 Daryl Ind Ltd A nozzle for a showerhead
DE102005037773B3 (de) * 2005-08-10 2007-01-18 Voss, Gunter M. Verfahren zum Befilmen einer Oberflächenform mit einer Lösung
FR2926230A1 (fr) * 2008-01-10 2009-07-17 Air Liquide Appareil et procede pour faire varier les proprietes d'un jet multiphasique.
WO2011014949A1 (en) * 2009-08-06 2011-02-10 Unifiller Systems Inc. A nozzle apparatus for dispersing droplets of flowable material
ES2543037A1 (es) * 2014-09-17 2015-08-13 Grupo Técnico Rivi, S.L. Sistema de lubricación industrial distribuido por niebla de aceite
CN105214532A (zh) * 2015-10-28 2016-01-06 贵州电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 新型锅炉脱硝用氨水混合器

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE1003015A6 (nl) * 1989-03-20 1991-10-22 Recticel Spuitkop voor spuitpistool voor het vormen van een laag polyurethaan op een oppervlak.
ES2295881T3 (es) * 2003-06-27 2008-04-16 Recticel Procedimiento para la fabricacion de un articulo moldeado que comprende una capa de poliuretano pulverizado.
US20050223986A1 (en) * 2004-04-12 2005-10-13 Choi Soo Y Gas diffusion shower head design for large area plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition
JP2007090221A (ja) * 2005-09-28 2007-04-12 Yutaka Electronics Industry Co Ltd スプレーノズル及びスプレーシステム
CN107552258B (zh) 2016-07-01 2019-06-07 江苏鲁汶仪器有限公司 气体喷射装置
CN107470050B (zh) * 2017-09-30 2023-04-18 江西远达环保有限公司 具冷却效果的脱硫脱硝用喷枪

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE465801C (de) * 1928-09-26 Siemens Schuckertwerke Akt Ges Winkelduese fuer Sandstrahlgeblaese
GB1512113A (en) * 1975-09-08 1978-05-24 Root Lowell Mfg Co Sprayer nozzle
DE3225844A1 (de) * 1982-07-09 1984-01-19 Sprimag Spritzmaschinenbau-Gesellschaft Mbh, 7312 Kirchheim Verfahren und vorrichtung zum auftragen von schichten aus thermoplastischen kunststoffen oder heissschmelzklebstoffen
DE3423373A1 (de) * 1983-08-29 1985-03-07 Institut für Getreideverarbeitung im VEB Kombinat Nahrungsmittel und Kaffee, DDR 1505 Bergholz-Rehbrücke Duese zur zerstaeubung viskoser fluessigkeiten

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE465801C (de) * 1928-09-26 Siemens Schuckertwerke Akt Ges Winkelduese fuer Sandstrahlgeblaese
GB1512113A (en) * 1975-09-08 1978-05-24 Root Lowell Mfg Co Sprayer nozzle
DE3225844A1 (de) * 1982-07-09 1984-01-19 Sprimag Spritzmaschinenbau-Gesellschaft Mbh, 7312 Kirchheim Verfahren und vorrichtung zum auftragen von schichten aus thermoplastischen kunststoffen oder heissschmelzklebstoffen
DE3423373A1 (de) * 1983-08-29 1985-03-07 Institut für Getreideverarbeitung im VEB Kombinat Nahrungsmittel und Kaffee, DDR 1505 Bergholz-Rehbrücke Duese zur zerstaeubung viskoser fluessigkeiten

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GR890100298A (el) * 1989-05-05 1991-10-10 Vni Pi Aljuminievoi Magnievoi Συσκευη ψεκασμου υγρου.
WO1991016991A1 (en) * 1990-05-09 1991-11-14 Resch D R Precisely adjustable atomizer
US5232164A (en) * 1990-05-09 1993-08-03 Resch D R Precisely adjustable atomizer
WO1992013643A1 (de) * 1991-02-05 1992-08-20 Gunter Voss Vorrichtung zur beschichtung einer presskammer mit einem schmiermittel
US5609908A (en) * 1991-02-05 1997-03-11 Voss; Gunter Apparatus for coating a pressing chamber with a lubricant
DE4407779A1 (de) * 1994-03-09 1995-09-14 Total Feuerschutz Gmbh Sprühdüse zur Erzeugung von Sprühnebeln
DE4407779C2 (de) * 1994-03-09 1997-07-31 Total Feuerschutz Gmbh Sprühdüse zur Erzeugung von Sprühnebeln
EP0914871A3 (en) * 1997-11-05 2000-05-10 ITW Limited Spray nozzle
GB2392119A (en) * 2002-07-13 2004-02-25 Daryl Ind Ltd A nozzle for a showerhead
GB2392119B (en) * 2002-07-13 2005-10-19 Daryl Ind Ltd Nozzle For A Shower Head
DE102005037773B3 (de) * 2005-08-10 2007-01-18 Voss, Gunter M. Verfahren zum Befilmen einer Oberflächenform mit einer Lösung
FR2926230A1 (fr) * 2008-01-10 2009-07-17 Air Liquide Appareil et procede pour faire varier les proprietes d'un jet multiphasique.
WO2009092949A1 (fr) * 2008-01-10 2009-07-30 L'air Liquide Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Appareil et procede pour faire varier les proprietes d'un jet multiphasique
RU2475311C2 (ru) * 2008-01-10 2013-02-20 Л'Эр Ликид Сосьете Аноним Пур Л'Этюд Э Л'Эксплуатасьон Де Проседе Жорж Клод Устройство и способ для варьирования свойств многофазной струи
CN101909761B (zh) * 2008-01-10 2013-05-01 乔治洛德方法研究和开发液化空气有限公司 用于改变多相射流的特性的设备和方法
WO2011014949A1 (en) * 2009-08-06 2011-02-10 Unifiller Systems Inc. A nozzle apparatus for dispersing droplets of flowable material
ES2543037A1 (es) * 2014-09-17 2015-08-13 Grupo Técnico Rivi, S.L. Sistema de lubricación industrial distribuido por niebla de aceite
WO2016042189A1 (es) * 2014-09-17 2016-03-24 Grupo Técnico Rivi,S.L. Sistema de lubricacion industrial distribuido por niebla de aceite
CN105214532A (zh) * 2015-10-28 2016-01-06 贵州电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 新型锅炉脱硝用氨水混合器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS62269767A (ja) 1987-11-24
CN87104313A (zh) 1988-07-20
AU7212487A (en) 1987-10-29

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