EP0243512A1 - Automatically collecting street sweeper - Google Patents

Automatically collecting street sweeper Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0243512A1
EP0243512A1 EP86105495A EP86105495A EP0243512A1 EP 0243512 A1 EP0243512 A1 EP 0243512A1 EP 86105495 A EP86105495 A EP 86105495A EP 86105495 A EP86105495 A EP 86105495A EP 0243512 A1 EP0243512 A1 EP 0243512A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
container
intermediate frame
lid
dirt
container lid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP86105495A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0243512B1 (en
Inventor
Günther Pastari
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ing Alfred Schmidt GmbH
Original Assignee
Ing Alfred Schmidt GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ing Alfred Schmidt GmbH filed Critical Ing Alfred Schmidt GmbH
Priority to AT86105495T priority Critical patent/ATE55437T1/en
Priority to DE8686105495T priority patent/DE3673406D1/en
Priority to EP86105495A priority patent/EP0243512B1/en
Publication of EP0243512A1 publication Critical patent/EP0243512A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0243512B1 publication Critical patent/EP0243512B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
    • E01H1/00—Removing undesirable matter from roads or like surfaces, with or without moistening of the surface
    • E01H1/08—Pneumatically dislodging or taking-up undesirable matter or small objects; Drying by heat only or by streams of gas; Cleaning by projecting abrasive particles
    • E01H1/0827—Dislodging by suction; Mechanical dislodging-cleaning apparatus with independent or dependent exhaust, e.g. dislodging-sweeping machines with independent suction nozzles ; Mechanical loosening devices working under vacuum
    • E01H1/0836—Apparatus dislodging all of the dirt by suction ; Suction nozzles
    • E01H1/0845—Apparatus dislodging all of the dirt by suction ; Suction nozzles with mechanical loosening or feeding instruments for the dirt to be sucked- up, e.g. brushes, scrapers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
    • E01H1/00—Removing undesirable matter from roads or like surfaces, with or without moistening of the surface
    • E01H1/08—Pneumatically dislodging or taking-up undesirable matter or small objects; Drying by heat only or by streams of gas; Cleaning by projecting abrasive particles
    • E01H1/0827—Dislodging by suction; Mechanical dislodging-cleaning apparatus with independent or dependent exhaust, e.g. dislodging-sweeping machines with independent suction nozzles ; Mechanical loosening devices working under vacuum

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a self-picking sweeper with a driver's cab built on the front of a vehicle frame and a dirt container arranged behind it, the emptying opening of which is closed by a removable or openable container lid.
  • the invention has for its object to improve a sweeper of the type mentioned so that its use in the "leafy season" is economically more favorable.
  • an intermediate frame which can be connected to the emptying opening and enlarges the dirt container, is provided to which the container lid is connected, the connecting elements of the intermediate frame corresponding to those of the container lid.
  • the dirt container can be enlarged in a simple manner by attaching an intermediate frame to its emptying opening, the same connecting elements being used that are present in a sweeper without an intermediate frame for fastening the container lid. Accordingly, the container lid sits on the opening of the intermediate frame opposite the dirt container.
  • the intermediate frame With connection elements that correspond to those of the container lid, it is possible to change the intermediate frame if necessary without changing the dirt container or the container lid, So mainly to be attached to the autumn street cleaning. If the dirt container's horizontal emptying opening points upwards, this increases the height of the sweeper structure; with a vertical discharge opening pointing to the rear along the length of the vehicle.
  • the installation or removal of the intermediate frame can be easily carried out in about one to two hours. It is advisable to increase the volume of the dirt container by 30 to 50%. For sweepers with a dirt container volume of about 1 m3 this means the attachment of an intermediate frame with a height of about 300 mm.
  • the intermediate frame can be designed such that it projects beyond the housing, the frame sides being formed approximately as an extension of the housing sides.
  • the dirt container can be tilted backwards for emptying as before via the rear upper edge of the housing, with the container lid being removed beforehand, of course, or opened around its front edge, which is in the tilted position of the dirt container and runs transversely to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle, relative to the emptying opening of the intermediate frame must become.
  • the self-picking sweeper shown in the drawing is built on a chassis with the vehicle frame 1.
  • the driver's cab 2 is located at the front, from where the front plate brushes 3 can also be actuated.
  • the dirt is picked up via a suction mouth 4 and conveyed via a suction line (not shown) into a dirt container 5 which is arranged in the interior of a housing 6 and can be tilted rearward about a horizontal axis 7 in the direction of the arrow P.
  • a container lid 8 sits directly on the dirt container 5, as indicated by the broken line 9.
  • the container lid 8 is removed from the dirt container; Instead of the container cover 8, an intermediate frame 10 is placed on the dirt container 5, which increases the dirt container 5 upwards.
  • the intermediate frame 10 is open both towards the dirt container 5 and towards the container lid 8 placed on the intermediate frame.
  • any known sweeper can be increased in its capacity by means of a simple intermediate frame 10, i.e. the volume of the dirt container 5 increases by the volume of the intermediate frame 10.
  • connection elements for the intermediate frame are only indicated with a short dash-dotted line 12.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Refuse-Collection Vehicles (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)

Abstract

1. Automatically collecting street sweeper with a driver's cab (2) installed at the front on a vehicle chassis (1) and a dirt container located therebehind, whereof the discharge opening is closed by a container lid (8) which can be removed or can be opened, characterised in that an intermediate frame (10) without a base and lid is provided, which can be connected to the discharge opening and enlarges the dirt container (5), to which intermediate frame the container lid (8) is connected and that the connecting members (12) of the intermediate frame (10) correspond to those of the container lid (8) on the container side and those of the dirt container (5) on the lid side.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine selbstaufnehmende Kehrma­schine mit vorne auf einem Fahrzeugrahmen aufgebautem Fahrerhaus und dahinter angeordnetem Schmutzbehälter, dessen Entleerungsöffnung durch einen abnehmbaren bzw. zu öffnenden Behälterdeckel verschlossen ist.The invention relates to a self-picking sweeper with a driver's cab built on the front of a vehicle frame and a dirt container arranged behind it, the emptying opening of which is closed by a removable or openable container lid.

Derartige Kehrmaschinen werden insbesondere von Kom­munen in großer Zahl zum Säubern von Verkehrsflächen eingesetzt. Dabei ergibt sich im Herbst beim Kehren von Laub das besondere Problem, daß der Schmutzbehäl­ter gefüllt ist, obwohl das zulässige Füllgewicht noch längst nicht erreicht ist. Öfter als notwendig muß die Kehrmaschine daher zum Entleeren des Schmutzbehäl­ters in die Deponie fahren.Such sweepers are used in large numbers by municipalities in particular to clean traffic areas. The particular problem that arises when sweeping leaves in autumn is that the dirt container is filled, although the permissible filling weight is far from being reached. The sweeper must therefore drive to the landfill more often than necessary to empty the dirt container.

Demgegenüber liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Kehrmaschine der eingangs genannten Art so zu verbesseren, daß sich ihr Einsatz in der "Laubzeit" wirtschaftlich günstiger gestaltet.In contrast, the invention has for its object to improve a sweeper of the type mentioned so that its use in the "leafy season" is economically more favorable.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist neuerungsgemäß ein an die Entleerungsöffnung anschließbarer, den Schmutzbe­hälter vergrößernder Zwischenrahmen vorgesehen, an welchem der Behälterdeckel angeschlossen ist, wobei die Anschlußelemente des Zwischenrahmens jenen des Behälterdeckels entsprechen.To solve this problem, an intermediate frame, which can be connected to the emptying opening and enlarges the dirt container, is provided to which the container lid is connected, the connecting elements of the intermediate frame corresponding to those of the container lid.

Dieser Lösung liegt die Überlegung zugrunde, daß sich der Schmutzbehälter auf einfache Weise dadurch ver­größern läßt, daß man an seiner Entleerungsöffnung einen Zwischenrahmen anbringt, wobei die gleichen An­schlußelemente verwendet werden, die bei einer Kehr­maschine ohne Zwischenrahmen zum Befestigen des Behäl­terdeckels vorhanden sind. Dementsprechend sitzt der Behälterdeckel auf der dem Schmutzbehälter gegenüber­liegenden Öffnung des Zwischenrahmens. Indem man den Zwischenrahmen mit Anschlußelementen versieht, die jenen des Behälterdeckels entsprechen, besteht die Möglichkeit, ohne Änderungen am Schmutzbehälter oder am Behälterdeckel den Zwischenrahmen bei Bedarf, also vorwiegend bei der herbstlichen Straßenreinigung, anzubringen. Bei nach oben weisender, horizontaler Entleerungsöffnung des Schmutzbehälters ergibt sich dabei eine Vergrößerung des Kehrmaschinenaufbaus in der Höhe; bei nach hinten weisender, vertikaler Entlee­rungsöffnung in der Länge des Fahrzeugs. Der Einbau bzw. Ausbau des Zwischenrahmens ist in etwa ein bis zwei Stunden problemlos durchführbar. Zweckmäßig ist eine Vergrößerung des Schmutzbehältervolumens um 30 bis 50%. Das bedeutet bei Kehrmaschinen mit einem Schmutzbehältervolumen von etwa 1 m³ den Anbau eines Zwischenrahmens mit einer Höhe von etwa 300 mm.This solution is based on the consideration that the dirt container can be enlarged in a simple manner by attaching an intermediate frame to its emptying opening, the same connecting elements being used that are present in a sweeper without an intermediate frame for fastening the container lid. Accordingly, the container lid sits on the opening of the intermediate frame opposite the dirt container. By providing the intermediate frame with connection elements that correspond to those of the container lid, it is possible to change the intermediate frame if necessary without changing the dirt container or the container lid, So mainly to be attached to the autumn street cleaning. If the dirt container's horizontal emptying opening points upwards, this increases the height of the sweeper structure; with a vertical discharge opening pointing to the rear along the length of the vehicle. The installation or removal of the intermediate frame can be easily carried out in about one to two hours. It is advisable to increase the volume of the dirt container by 30 to 50%. For sweepers with a dirt container volume of about 1 m³ this means the attachment of an intermediate frame with a height of about 300 mm.

Bei einer Kehrmaschine, deren Schmutzbehälter im einem Gehäuse versenkt angeordnet und aus diesem zum Ent­leeren nach oben auskippbar ist, kann der Zwischenrah­men so ausgeführt sein, daß er über das Gehäuse über­steht, wobei die Rahmenseiten etwa in Verlängerung der Gehäuseseiten ausgebildet sind. Der Schmutzbehäl­ter läßt sich dabei zum Entleeren wie bisher über die rückwärtige Oberkante des Gehäuses nach hinten kippen, wobei selbstverständlich vorher der Behälterdeckel entfernt werden oder um seine vordere, in der gekipp­ten Lage des Schmutzbehälters obere, quer zur Fahrzeug­längsachse verlaufende Kante gegenüber der Entleerungs­öffnung des Zwischenrahmens aufgeklappt werden muß.In a sweeper, the dirt container of which is sunk in a housing and can be tipped out of the housing for emptying, the intermediate frame can be designed such that it projects beyond the housing, the frame sides being formed approximately as an extension of the housing sides. The dirt container can be tilted backwards for emptying as before via the rear upper edge of the housing, with the container lid being removed beforehand, of course, or opened around its front edge, which is in the tilted position of the dirt container and runs transversely to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle, relative to the emptying opening of the intermediate frame must become.

Im folgenden wird ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung anhand der Zeichnung beschrieben.In the following an embodiment of the invention is described with reference to the drawing.

Die auf der Zeichnung dargestellte selbstaufnehmende Kehrmaschine ist auf einem Fahrgestell mit dem Fahr­zeugrahmen 1 aufgebaut. Vorne befindet sich das Fahrer­haus 2, von wo aus auch die frontseitigen Tellerbesen 3 betätigbar sind. Der Schmutz wird über einen Saugmund 4 aufgenommen und über eine nicht dargestellte Saug­leitung in einen Schmutzbehälter 5 gefördert, welcher im Inneren eines Gehäuses 6 um eine horizontale Achse 7 in Richtung des Pfeiles P nach hinten kippbar ange­ordnet ist.The self-picking sweeper shown in the drawing is built on a chassis with the vehicle frame 1. The driver's cab 2 is located at the front, from where the front plate brushes 3 can also be actuated. The dirt is picked up via a suction mouth 4 and conveyed via a suction line (not shown) into a dirt container 5 which is arranged in the interior of a housing 6 and can be tilted rearward about a horizontal axis 7 in the direction of the arrow P.

In der bekannten Normalausführung einer derartigen selbstaufnehmenden Kehrmaschine sitzt ein Behälterdek­kel 8 unmittelbar auf dem Schmutzbehälter 5, wie mit der strichlierten Linie 9 angedeutet. In der gezeichne­ten Ausführungsform ist der Behälterdeckel 8 vom Schmutzbehälter abgenommen; anstelle des Behälterdek­kels 8 ist auf den Schmutzbehälter 5 ein Zwischenrah­men 10 aufgesetzt, welcher den Schmutzbehälter 5 nach oben vergrößert. Der Zwischenrahmen 10 ist sowohl zum Schmutzbehälter 5 hin als auch zu dem auf dem Zwischen­rahmen aufgesetzten Behälterdeckel 8 hin offen.In the known normal design of such a self-picking sweeper, a container lid 8 sits directly on the dirt container 5, as indicated by the broken line 9. In the illustrated embodiment, the container lid 8 is removed from the dirt container; Instead of the container cover 8, an intermediate frame 10 is placed on the dirt container 5, which increases the dirt container 5 upwards. The intermediate frame 10 is open both towards the dirt container 5 and towards the container lid 8 placed on the intermediate frame.

Sein oberer bzw. unterer Öffnungsrand ist jeweils staubdicht am Behälterdeckel 8 bzw. am Schmutzbehälter 5 befestigt. Die Befestigung erfolgt mittels der glei­chen Anschlußelemente, wie sie bei der unmittelbaren Befestigung des Behälterdeckels 8 auf dem Schmutzbehäl­ter 5, also ohne Verwendung des Zwischenrahmens 10 vorgesehen sind. Somit kann jede bekannte Kehrmaschine mittels eines einfachen Zwischenrahmens 10 in ihrer Aufnahmekapazität vergrößert werden, d.h. das Volumen des Schmutzbehälters 5 vergrößert sich um den Raumin­halt des Zwischenrahmens 10.Its upper or lower opening edge is attached in a dust-tight manner to the container lid 8 or to the dirt container 5. The attachment is carried out by means of the same connection elements as are provided for the immediate attachment of the container lid 8 to the dirt container 5, that is to say without the use of the intermediate frame 10. Thus, any known sweeper can be increased in its capacity by means of a simple intermediate frame 10, i.e. the volume of the dirt container 5 increases by the volume of the intermediate frame 10.

Da sich bei Anbringung des Zwischenrahmens 10 die Fahr­zeugabmessungen insgesamt vergrößern, ist es zweckmäs­sig, diesen Zwischenrahmen nur im Bedarfsfall, d.h. im Herbst beim Aufnehmen von Laub zu montieren. Während der übrigen Zeit des Jahres sollte ohne diesen Zwi­schenrahmen gearbeitet werden. Da das Gebläse 11 im Behälterdeckel 8 aufgenommen ist, vergrößert sich zwar bei Einsatz des Zwischenrahmens 10 die Saughöhe; in der Praxis wirkt sich dies jedoch nicht nachteilig aus, da das Gewicht des Laubes niedrig anzusetzen ist.Since the overall vehicle dimensions increase when the intermediate frame 10 is attached, it is expedient to use this intermediate frame only when necessary, i.e. to be mounted in autumn when picking up leaves. During the rest of the year, you should work without this intermediate frame. Since the blower 11 is accommodated in the container lid 8, the suction height increases when the intermediate frame 10 is used; in practice, however, this does not have a disadvantage since the weight of the foliage is low.

Die Anschlußelemente für den Zwischenrahmen sind ledig­lich mit kurzen strichpunktierten Linie 12 angedeutet.The connection elements for the intermediate frame are only indicated with a short dash-dotted line 12.

Claims (3)

1. Selbstaufnehmende Kehrmaschine mit vorne auf einem Fahrzeugrahmen (1) aufgebautem Fahrerhaus (2) und dahinter angeordnetem Schmutzbehälter, dessen Ent­leerungsöffnung durch einen abnehmbaren bzw. zu öffnenden Behälterdeckel (3) verschlossen ist,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß ein an die Entleerungsöffnung anschließbarer, den Schmutzbehälter (5) vergroßernder Zwischenrah­men (10) vorgesehen ist, an welchem der Behälter­deckel (8) angeschlossen ist und daß die Anschluß­elemente (12) des Zwischenrahmens (10) jenen des Behälterdeckels (8) entsprechen.1. Self-cleaning sweeper with a driver's cab (2) built on the front of a vehicle frame (1) and a dirt container arranged behind it, the emptying opening of which is closed by a removable or openable container lid (3),
characterized,
that an intermediate frame (10) which can be connected to the emptying opening and enlarges the dirt container (5) is provided, to which the container lid (8) is connected and that the connecting elements (12) of the intermediate frame (10) correspond to those of the container lid (8). 2. Kehrmaschine nach Anspruch 1, deren Schmutzbehälter (5) in einem Gehäuse (6) versenkt angeordnet und aus diesem zum Entleeren nach oben auskippbar ist,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Zwischenrahmen (10) über das Gehäuse (6) übersteht, wobei die Rahmenseiten etwa in Verlän­gerung der Gehäuseseiten ausgebildet sind.2. Sweeper according to claim 1, the dirt container (5) of which is sunk in a housing (6) and can be tilted upwards for emptying,
characterized,
that the intermediate frame (10) projects beyond the housing (6), the frame sides being formed approximately in the extension of the housing sides. 3. Kehrmaschine nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Zwischenrahmen (10) einerseits mit dem Be­hälterdeckel (8) und andererseits mit der Entlee­rungsöffnung mittels gleicher Anschlußelemente (12) verbunden ist.3. Sweeper according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized,
that the intermediate frame (10) is connected on the one hand to the container lid (8) and on the other hand to the emptying opening by means of the same connection elements (12).
EP86105495A 1986-04-21 1986-04-21 Automatically collecting street sweeper Expired - Lifetime EP0243512B1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86105495T ATE55437T1 (en) 1986-04-21 1986-04-21 SELF-COLLECTING SWEEPER.
DE8686105495T DE3673406D1 (en) 1986-04-21 1986-04-21 SELF-RECOVERY SWEEPER.
EP86105495A EP0243512B1 (en) 1986-04-21 1986-04-21 Automatically collecting street sweeper

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP86105495A EP0243512B1 (en) 1986-04-21 1986-04-21 Automatically collecting street sweeper

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0243512A1 true EP0243512A1 (en) 1987-11-04
EP0243512B1 EP0243512B1 (en) 1990-08-08

Family

ID=8195074

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86105495A Expired - Lifetime EP0243512B1 (en) 1986-04-21 1986-04-21 Automatically collecting street sweeper

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0243512B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE55437T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3673406D1 (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0327483A1 (en) * 1988-02-05 1989-08-09 Mathieu Sofralor S.A. Suction device for an automotive urban sweeper
EP0807716A2 (en) * 1996-05-14 1997-11-19 Suiden Co., Ltd. Large-scale cleaning vehicle
US5987699A (en) * 1996-05-14 1999-11-23 Suiden Co., Ltd. Large-scale cleaning vehicle
CN1082482C (en) * 1996-12-27 2002-04-10 株式会社瑞典 Large-scale cleaning vehicle

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4128988A1 (en) * 1991-08-31 1993-03-04 Schoerling Waggonbau Mobile road sweeping machine - has brushes and suction bell swivel mounted in front of front axle of machine
DE4415662C2 (en) * 1994-05-04 2000-06-15 Cft Gmbh Sweeper with large sedimentation chamber

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH310110A (en) * 1953-01-24 1955-09-30 Sacherer Otto Wheelbarrows with attachment.
US3808632A (en) * 1971-12-13 1974-05-07 E Aagesen Vehicle mountable area cleaner
GB2033874A (en) * 1978-08-26 1980-05-29 Eales A Storage container
WO1984001401A1 (en) * 1982-09-30 1984-04-12 Fmc Corp Hopper support and dump mechanism
US4519189A (en) * 1983-08-19 1985-05-28 J. I. Case Company Telescoping basket cover

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH310110A (en) * 1953-01-24 1955-09-30 Sacherer Otto Wheelbarrows with attachment.
US3808632A (en) * 1971-12-13 1974-05-07 E Aagesen Vehicle mountable area cleaner
GB2033874A (en) * 1978-08-26 1980-05-29 Eales A Storage container
WO1984001401A1 (en) * 1982-09-30 1984-04-12 Fmc Corp Hopper support and dump mechanism
US4519189A (en) * 1983-08-19 1985-05-28 J. I. Case Company Telescoping basket cover

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0327483A1 (en) * 1988-02-05 1989-08-09 Mathieu Sofralor S.A. Suction device for an automotive urban sweeper
FR2626911A1 (en) * 1988-02-05 1989-08-11 Sofralor Sa Balayeuses Mathieu SUCTION DEVICE FOR AUTOMOBILE URBAN SWEEPER
EP0807716A2 (en) * 1996-05-14 1997-11-19 Suiden Co., Ltd. Large-scale cleaning vehicle
EP0807716A3 (en) * 1996-05-14 1998-04-29 Suiden Co., Ltd. Large-scale cleaning vehicle
US5987699A (en) * 1996-05-14 1999-11-23 Suiden Co., Ltd. Large-scale cleaning vehicle
CN1082482C (en) * 1996-12-27 2002-04-10 株式会社瑞典 Large-scale cleaning vehicle

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3673406D1 (en) 1990-09-13
EP0243512B1 (en) 1990-08-08
ATE55437T1 (en) 1990-08-15

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