EP0242408B1 - Bateau à voile - Google Patents

Bateau à voile Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0242408B1
EP0242408B1 EP86105247A EP86105247A EP0242408B1 EP 0242408 B1 EP0242408 B1 EP 0242408B1 EP 86105247 A EP86105247 A EP 86105247A EP 86105247 A EP86105247 A EP 86105247A EP 0242408 B1 EP0242408 B1 EP 0242408B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sail
mast
sailboat
beams
hull
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP86105247A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0242408A1 (fr
Inventor
Wilhelm Laib
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT86105247T priority Critical patent/ATE65226T1/de
Priority to EP86105247A priority patent/EP0242408B1/fr
Priority to DE8686105247T priority patent/DE3680325D1/de
Priority to US07/038,691 priority patent/US4796554A/en
Priority to AU71761/87A priority patent/AU597862B2/en
Priority to JP62094254A priority patent/JPS62251294A/ja
Publication of EP0242408A1 publication Critical patent/EP0242408A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0242408B1 publication Critical patent/EP0242408B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H9/00—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power
    • B63H9/04—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power using sails or like wind-catching surfaces
    • B63H9/06—Types of sail; Constructional features of sails; Arrangements thereof on vessels
    • B63H9/061—Rigid sails; Aerofoil sails
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
    • B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
    • B63B1/04—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with single hull
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B41/00—Drop keels, e.g. centre boards or side boards ; Collapsible keels, or the like, e.g. telescopically; Longitudinally split hinged keels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
    • B63C15/00—Storing of vessels on land otherwise than by dry-docking
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B2035/009—Wind propelled vessels comprising arrangements, installations or devices specially adapted therefor, other than wind propulsion arrangements, installations, or devices, such as sails, running rigging, or the like, and other than sailboards or the like or related equipment

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a sailboat with at least one mast beam of angular cross-section supported in a boat hull and adjustable about its axis, which forms part of a profile sail corresponding to a wing profile in plan view, several mast planes arranged in the longitudinal center of the profile sail a wing profile corresponding, generally horizontal sail trees slidably guided and connected to each other via sail sections.
  • the profile sail In a sailboat of the aforementioned type known from FR-A-1 464 877, the profile sail consists of several plate-shaped sail ribs made of inherently rigid material, the contours of which correspond to a wing profile with a rounded front leading edge and a tapering trailing edge.
  • the profile sail can be hoisted by means of cables which are led upwards and deflected there and are attached to the uppermost profile rib in such a way that the uppermost profile rib including the next lower one is attached to the circumference of the sail profile ribs, including the next lower one connected by the sail cover Profile ribs are pulled up one after the other with their sail sections on the mast.
  • a profile sail which can be pulled up on a rotatable mast consists of at least six sail ribs which are arranged at perpendicular distances from one another and are connected to one another by sail sections.
  • the outline of the sail ribs corresponds to a wing profile with a rounded front leading edge and a tapered outflow section, the outer profile strips of which are curved in a symmetrical starting position with the help of an articulated grating between them in one direction or the other so that taking into account the wind direction and wind speed can be set on all profile ribs in one or in the opposite direction curved aerodynamic profile shapes.
  • the profile ribs are connected at predetermined height distances to a sail cover, which is pulled up together with the uppermost sail profile by means of a hoisting line guided along the mast, and on which the profile ribs arranged below hang. Via a guide roller mounted in the front section of each profile rib, individual reefing ropes are guided up to the mast foot, which keep the sail sections taut and, on the other hand, enable controlled reefing of the sail in such a way that the still non-reefed sail sections remain tense.
  • the proposed design of the profile sail allows, while maintaining the wing cross-section with its favorable inflow and outflow conditions, that by pivoting the front and / or rear flap section this z. B. is increased for optimal use of low wind speeds, in addition or alternatively, particularly strong wind conditions can be taken into account on the profile sail by changing its height.
  • the best possible propulsive forces can be achieved depending on the wind direction in connection with the lateral pivoting adjustment of the sail flap arranged at the front end of the sail profile and / or also the rear profile flap.
  • the height by which the top sail boom is raised determines the height of the sail.
  • the sail can be pulled up around a sail section, for example, so that the wind only acts on this sail section, while the remaining sail sections are reefed. This reduced sail size can be useful in high winds to maneuver with the smallest possible sail area, which is then advantageously close to the center of gravity.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 one can imagine the hull 10 of the sailing boat shown, which is only shown in its outline, by the fact that cross-sections through the hull always form equilateral triangles with concave curved sides.
  • the two side walls 12, 14 meet in the keel line 22, which is between Stern 28 and bow 30 extends.
  • the top wall 16, like the side walls 12, 14, can be concavely curved and meets with the side wall 12 in the upper side edge 24 and with the side wall 14 in the upper side edge 26. This achieves great pressure resistance of the fuselage and creates the conditions for this that the boat can straighten up automatically in the event of capsizing.
  • the keel line 22 and the upper side edges 24, 26 contain all triangles from the above-described consideration, which are reduced in the theoretical bow and stern points 28 and 30 up to point size.
  • the stern can be made of transparent material as the pulpit 58, while the bow can carry an attachment.
  • the boat hull has an elliptical or egg shape in side or top view, which contributes to the desired high rigidity of the hull, which in a practical embodiment consists of laminated mahogany wood, the wooden slats glued with synthetic resin and on prefabricated groups of ring-like frames with the outer triangular shape approximated are glued on.
  • the bow is extended by an attachment 18 to improve the handling properties of the boat, so that the top 20 of the bow attachment tangentially with the upper side edges 24, 26 of the hull united.
  • the keel edge 22 of the boat hull is extended to the tip of the attachment 18, from the top of which there is one Bow edge 64 rises, from which the skipper has an all-round view.
  • a sail mast 60 which, in the exemplary embodiment shown, has a triangular cross section and is supported within the hull and is pivotably guided about its longitudinal axis.
  • the sail mast 60 belongs to a profile sail, which is indicated in its cross-sectional outline in FIG. 4.
  • several horizontal sail trees are slidably guided in the vertical direction, namely according to FIG. 3 an uppermost sail tree 68, an upper intermediate tree 76, a lower intermediate tree 80 and a lower sail tree 84.
  • These sail trees consist of frame structures, preferably of light metal, the outline of which is adapted to the shape of the wing and in which deflection rollers, cables and winding motors are arranged in order to pull down the next higher tree by one step or by one section of sail and to reef the sail in this respect.
  • Deflection rollers 66 are mounted on an upper attachment 62 of the sail mast, via which the sail tree 68 and, if appropriate, the entire sail are pulled up with the aid of cable pulling means 70.
  • the cable 70 is actuated by a lower winding motor C, which is here, for example, trough-shaped trained lowest sail tree 84 is arranged.
  • the sail tree 84 is fastened to the mast at the level of the boat deck 16 and, when the sail is reefed, receives all the sail trees which are then superimposed. From this state, the sail boom 68 is first raised to any desired height when the sail is set by actuating the motor C, one or more sail sections 74, 78, 82 then being set or unfolded. As soon as the uppermost sail section 74 is tensioned when the upper intermediate boom 76 is taken along, the next following sail section 78 is pulled up, etc.
  • the number of sail trees and sail sections is arbitrary and need not correspond to that according to FIG. 3.
  • Each sail tree is connected to the next higher sail tree by at least one cable and a winding motor for reefing the sail section located above.
  • cable pulling means 72 are shown in FIG. 3 for reefing the sail section 82, which extends and is stretched between the upper sail tree 84 and the lower intermediate tree 80.
  • the cables 72 engaging the intermediate boom 80 are guided via deflection rollers in the upper sail boom 84 to a winding motor B 1, via which the intermediate boom 80 and thus all other sail trees and sail sections located above are reefed by one step until the intermediate boom 80 rests on the sail boom 84 .
  • the front end of the profile sail is formed by an articulated flap section which is adjustable in the region of each sail tree and each sail section by means of independent drive means for changing the profile curvature in adaptation to the respective sailing maneuvers.
  • a front flap section 88 which has its own sail covering 96 with the outlines similar to FIG. 4, is articulated at the front end of the upper sail tree 68 via hinge or joint means 86. Also via appropriate hinge and hinge means 86 are connected to the sail trees 76, 80 and 84 front flap sections 90, 92 and 94, which, like the other sail tree sections, consist of frame structures and are provided with separate sail coverings 98, 100 and 102, respectively, which are used in the Reef the same way as the sail sections 74, 78 and 82 are folded.
  • the front flap section can each be provided with a swivel arm 104 projecting into the rear tree section, with which the flap section can be swiveled about a vertical axis 86.
  • a drive motor A 1... A 4 is connected to the swivel arms 104 in order to swivel the respective flap section up or down in the view from FIG. 4.
  • the control can be set up so that the swivel drives A 1 ... A 4, as far as those arranged above Sections of the sail are raised, operated together and in the same direction.
  • a pivotable flap can also be provided at the rear end of the profile sail in order to adjust the curvature of the wing profile and to be able to cross with the more favorable efficiency against the wind.
  • the sail begins immediately above the hull and, according to FIG. 3, has approximately the same height when the top boom is rounded up with appropriate covering at the front and rear end.
  • two. or more sails of the type shown in Fig. 3 are arranged one behind the other on the hull.
  • the hull is equipped with four rudders 42 which are inclined downwards and outwards, the shape and arrangement of which can be seen in FIGS. 1 and 2. There can be two between the front and rear oar pairs.
  • Propellers 38 can be provided as an auxiliary drive, starting from bushings 36 for the drive deflection.
  • the rudders 42 are attached to rudder shafts 40, the extensions of which extend into the interior of the boat hull 10, are stored there and are adjusted with the aid of drive means, not shown. Outside the fuselage 10, the rudder shafts 40 are provided with a streamlined covering 46.

Claims (6)

  1. Bateau à voile comportant au moins un mât à section présentant des arètes vives, pouvant être orienté autour de son axe et prenant appui dans une coque du bateau, qui constitue une partie d'une voile profilée correspondant, en vue en plan, à un profil à aile portante, étant donné que, sur le mât disposé sensiblement suivant l'axe médian de la voile profilée, plusieurs bômes de voile, horizontales en règle générale, et correspondant, en vue de dessus, à un profil à aile portante, sont guidées, de façon à pouvoir coulisser, et qu'elles sont reliées chacune entre elles par l'intermédiaire d'un élément de voile, caractérisé par les caractéristiques suivantes:
    a) Le profil à aile portante comportant les différentes bômes de voile (68, 76, 80, 84) comprend, à son extrémité avant et à son extrémité arrière, des éléments de volets (90 à 96) avant et arrière, pouvant pivoter latéralement, qui, pour optimiser l'adaptation aux conditions de vent, peuvent, par des moyens d'entraînement, chacun être réglés en pivotant autour d'axes charnières verticaux, disposés à l'extrémité avant ou à l'extrémité arrière de la partie principale de chaque bôme, pouvant coulisser le long du mât (60);
    b) la bôme de voile supérieure (68) peut être tirée vers le haut jusqu'à sa position supérieure au moyen de moyens de traction par câble (70) guidés sur le mât (60), et les bômes de voile disposées en dessous sont chacune liées avec la bôme de voile située directement au dessus, par l'intermédiaire d'éléments de voile (74, 78, 82) fixés à elles
    c) il est possible d'affaisser séparément les éléments de voile (74, 78, 82), chacun entre deux bômes de voile voisines (68-76, 76-80, 80-84), en les repliant ensemble par pliage en soufflet actionné automatiquement, étant entendu que les éléments de voile restant pouvent chacun être déplacés vers le bas sur le mât de la hauteur du ou des éléments de voile due l'on a affaissés.
  2. Bateau à voile suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le mât (60) formant une partie de la voile profilée (11) est constitué d'un tube profilé et est maintenu dans la coque du bateau de façon à pouvoir pivoter autour de son axe.
  3. Bateau à voile suivant la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que chaque bôme de voile (76, 80, 84) est reliée avec la bôme de voile immédiatement supérieure, par l'intermédiaire d'au moins un cordage de traction, comportant un moteur d'enroulement pour affaisser l'élément de voile correspondant.
  4. Bateau à voile suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que, sur chaque bôme de voile (78, 80, 84), sur sa partie se trouvant en avant du mât (60), est disposé un élément de cadre avant, pouvant pivoter autour d'un axe vertical (86) grâce à des moyens d'entraînement actionnés à distance.
  5. Bateau à voile suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que chaque élément de voile (74, 78, 82), s'étendant entre une bôme de voile et la bôme de voile située immédiatement au-dessus, est constitué d'un premier entoilage enveloppant les parties avant du cadre et d'un deuxième entoilage enveloppant l'élément principal.
  6. Bateau à voile suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la bôme de voile (84) située la plus basse est réalisée sous la forme d'une cuvette pour recevoir à son intérieur la voile abattue ou des parties de celle-ci.
EP86105247A 1986-04-16 1986-04-16 Bateau à voile Expired - Lifetime EP0242408B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86105247T ATE65226T1 (de) 1986-04-16 1986-04-16 Segelboot.
EP86105247A EP0242408B1 (fr) 1986-04-16 1986-04-16 Bateau à voile
DE8686105247T DE3680325D1 (de) 1986-04-16 1986-04-16 Segelboot.
US07/038,691 US4796554A (en) 1986-04-16 1987-04-15 Sailboat
AU71761/87A AU597862B2 (en) 1986-04-16 1987-04-16 Sailboat
JP62094254A JPS62251294A (ja) 1986-04-16 1987-04-16 ヨツト

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP86105247A EP0242408B1 (fr) 1986-04-16 1986-04-16 Bateau à voile

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0242408A1 EP0242408A1 (fr) 1987-10-28
EP0242408B1 true EP0242408B1 (fr) 1991-07-17

Family

ID=8195064

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86105247A Expired - Lifetime EP0242408B1 (fr) 1986-04-16 1986-04-16 Bateau à voile

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4796554A (fr)
EP (1) EP0242408B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS62251294A (fr)
AT (1) ATE65226T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU597862B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE3680325D1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE59104424D1 (de) * 1991-04-29 1995-03-09 Wilhelm Brinkmann Profilsegel.
US5517940A (en) * 1995-05-08 1996-05-21 Beyer; Jay R. Variable width multi-hulled boat with telescoping mast
DE10018981C2 (de) * 2000-04-17 2002-02-14 Friedrich Schardt Wasserfahrzeug
DE10157277A1 (de) * 2001-11-22 2003-06-12 Verbickis Leonidas Das Schiff

Family Cites Families (26)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE957723C (fr) *
CH100101A (de) * 1921-07-04 1923-07-02 Eisen & Stahlwerke Ag Vormals Georg Fischer Rad mit auf dem Radstern auswechselbar befestigter Felge für Automobile etc.
GB381830A (en) * 1932-02-26 1932-10-13 Alfred Claude La Riviere Improvements in or relating to masts, booms, struts or spars
GB492450A (en) * 1937-04-01 1938-09-21 John Thomas Improvement in sailing boats
GB521734A (en) * 1937-11-27 1940-05-29 Fredrik Ljungstroem Improvements in or relating to hulls of boats, ships or the like
FR889560A (fr) * 1943-01-05 1944-01-13 Aéromoteur ou voilure aérodynamique à grand rendement pour tous navires
US2858788A (en) * 1955-05-23 1958-11-04 Aero Nautical Boat Shop Inc Water craft
FR1406604A (fr) * 1964-06-09 1965-07-23 Dispositif à portance hydrodyamique pour la compensation des couples de renversement s'appliquant sur des embarcations
FR1464877A (fr) * 1965-11-23 1967-01-06 Conservatoire Nat Arts Perfectionnements apportés aux véhicules propulsés par le vent naturel
US3381647A (en) * 1966-10-12 1968-05-07 Keeler Harry Full airfoil sail
FR2149687A5 (fr) * 1971-08-13 1973-03-30 Michel Raymond
DE2218622A1 (de) * 1972-04-18 1973-11-08 Hamburgische Schiffbau Versuch Ruder und schlingerdaempfungsflosse fuer wasserfahrzeuge
DE2221421A1 (de) * 1972-05-02 1973-11-15 Klepper Werke Kajakboot
DE2454877A1 (de) * 1974-11-20 1976-05-26 Johannes Jaeger Doppelkiel a fuer segelschiffe und motorschiffe
US4164909A (en) * 1975-11-19 1979-08-21 Ballard James S Wind driven hydrofoil watercraft
CA1062091A (fr) * 1976-03-19 1979-09-11 Cecil F. Haddock Quille d'embarcation
JPS5814100B2 (ja) * 1978-03-08 1983-03-17 日本電信電話株式会社 漏話減衰量測定法
US4193366A (en) * 1978-03-27 1980-03-18 Salminen Reijo K Sailing boat and method of operating the same
DE2947523A1 (de) * 1979-11-26 1981-06-04 Ernst-W. Ing.(grad.) 4400 Münster Zühlke Schwenkbarer universalkiel mit spreizbarer kielflosse
JPS5784295A (en) * 1980-11-14 1982-05-26 Mitsui Eng & Shipbuild Co Ltd Wing-shaped sail
DE3104750A1 (de) * 1981-02-11 1982-08-19 Ludwig 3000 Hannover Scholz Rigg in tragfluegelform fuer besegelte fahrzeuge
US4386574A (en) * 1981-12-15 1983-06-07 Riolland Pierre L Sail assembly of variable profile, reversible and collapsible
JPS58112895A (ja) * 1981-12-28 1983-07-05 Nippon Kokan Kk <Nkk> 帆船用帆
US4561374A (en) * 1983-09-23 1985-12-31 Asker Gunnar C F Wind ship propulsion system
FR2567098B1 (fr) * 1984-07-05 1987-07-10 Graveline Jean Dispositif aerodynamique a concavite reversible, souple et affalable, pour la propulsion par la force du vent
US4685410A (en) * 1985-04-08 1987-08-11 Fuller Robert R Wing sail

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU7176187A (en) 1987-10-22
AU597862B2 (en) 1990-06-07
EP0242408A1 (fr) 1987-10-28
DE3680325D1 (de) 1991-08-22
ATE65226T1 (de) 1991-08-15
US4796554A (en) 1989-01-10
JPS62251294A (ja) 1987-11-02

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