EP0234610B1 - Schaltungsanordnung zur Hochspannungsstellung - Google Patents

Schaltungsanordnung zur Hochspannungsstellung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0234610B1
EP0234610B1 EP87200077A EP87200077A EP0234610B1 EP 0234610 B1 EP0234610 B1 EP 0234610B1 EP 87200077 A EP87200077 A EP 87200077A EP 87200077 A EP87200077 A EP 87200077A EP 0234610 B1 EP0234610 B1 EP 0234610B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
voltage
control
actuator
adjustment member
output
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87200077A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0234610A2 (de
EP0234610A3 (en
Inventor
Peter Fuchs
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Koninklijke Philips NV
Original Assignee
Philips Patentverwaltung GmbH
Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV
Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Philips Patentverwaltung GmbH, Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV, Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV filed Critical Philips Patentverwaltung GmbH
Publication of EP0234610A2 publication Critical patent/EP0234610A2/de
Publication of EP0234610A3 publication Critical patent/EP0234610A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0234610B1 publication Critical patent/EP0234610B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
    • H05G1/00—X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
    • H05G1/08—Electrical details
    • H05G1/26—Measuring, controlling or protecting
    • H05G1/30—Controlling
    • H05G1/32—Supply voltage of the X-ray apparatus or tube
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
    • G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
    • G05F1/46—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc
    • G05F1/56—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices
    • G05F1/59—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • G05F1/595—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load semiconductor devices connected in series

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a circuit arrangement for high-voltage setting with a control path, the conductivity of which can be controlled at a control input by the voltage supplied by a control voltage source.
  • Such a circuit arrangement is known from the magazine "Electromedica" 4-5 / 1973, page 178, Figure 1 in connection with an X-ray generator, a control triode serving as the control path, which can also be replaced by a control tetrode if necessary.
  • control periods are expensive and have only a limited filament life. If one were to use semiconductor actuators instead, which have an unlimited lifespan, then several of them would have to be connected in series because of the lower high-voltage strength of such actuators.
  • a control voltage source would be required per actuator, which would have to supply control signals at high voltage potential.
  • Such control voltage sources usually contain an insulating transmission element e.g. in the form of an optical fiber link or an insulating transformer and are relatively expensive.
  • control path has a plurality of actuators connected in series with their outputs comprises, each of which contains a semiconductor path between its output terminals, the conductivity of which is controlled as a function of the difference between an actual value derived from the output voltage of the actuator and a desired value at a control input of the actuator, that the control voltage source is connected to the control input of the first semiconductor actuator is coupled and that from this actuator, the setpoint for the subsequent actuator is derived from the output voltage of an actuator.
  • the semiconductor actuators each contain a control circuit that generates an output voltage at the output terminals by controlling the semiconductor path, which corresponds to the setpoint at the control input of the actuator.
  • the setpoints are derived from the output voltages of the actuators preceding in the series circuit and a control voltage only has to be supplied to the first actuator in each case.
  • actuators that are controlled by a control voltage source the greater the voltage swing that can be achieved with them, but the greater the probability of failure and the lower the actuating speed. In practice, it is therefore not sensible to control any number of actuators with just a single control voltage source.
  • the high-voltage consumer is short-circuited in the event of malfunctions; in the case of an X-ray generator, this is the case, for example, when the X-ray tube is ignited.
  • a development of the invention provides that the semiconductor path is connected in parallel with a unit for voltage limitation.
  • each actuator contains a comparison circuit which supplies an output voltage corresponding to the difference between the setpoint and actual value for controlling the semiconductor path, and that the supply voltage for the comparison circuit is derived from the output voltage of the actuator. As a result, the control error is kept low without additional adjustment.
  • either the inverting or non-inverting input of such a comparison circuit is coupled to the output terminal of the preceding actuator.
  • FIG. 1 shows an X-ray tube 1, the anode and cathode of which are coupled to a high-voltage generator 2 via a circuit for high-voltage positions 3 and 4, respectively.
  • the actual value of the voltage at the anode or the cathode of the X-ray tube 1 is determined by means of a high-voltage divider 5 or 6 connected between the anode or the cathode and ground and compared in a controller 7 or 8 with a desired value at the terminal 9.
  • the control deviation is fed to the control input 31 and 41 of the circuit 3 and 4, respectively. This changes the conductivity of the path between the connections A + and A- so that the actual values at the high-voltage dividers correspond to the specified setpoint.
  • this circuit is known from the magazine "Electromedica" issue 4-5 / 1973, page 178, picture 1, although the circuits 3 and 4 are formed by control triodes, while in the invention these circuits are formed by a series of semiconductor actuators 11, 12 ... 1n are replaced (see. Fig. 2a and 2b).
  • the actuators have the same structure shown in Fig. 3.
  • Each actuator has a comparison circuit 20, the inverting input of which is connected to the tap of a voltage divider 21, one terminal of which is connected to the negative output terminal A- of the actuator and the other terminal of which is connected to a control input E +.
  • the non-inverting input of the comparison circuit 20 is connected to a voltage divider 22 which is connected between the output terminals A + and A- of the voltage actuator (in the operating state the potential at terminal A + is more positive than at terminal A-).
  • the supply voltage for the comparison circuit is generated by a circuit 23 in such a way that it is practically independent of the changes in the voltage between the output terminals A + and A-.
  • the output of the circuit 23 is connected via a forward polarized diode 24 to the positive supply voltage connection of the comparison circuit 20 and to one connection of a capacitor, the other connection of which is connected to the negative output terminal A-, to which the negative supply voltage connection of the comparison circuit 20 connected.
  • the direct voltage thus available for the voltage supply of the comparison circuit 20 is e.g. 10 volts as long as the output voltage is only so great that this DC voltage value can be derived from it with the aid of the circuit 23.
  • the output of the comparison circuit 20 is connected via a driver stage 25 and a comparatively small resistor 26 (eg 1 kOhm) to the gate connection of a MOS field effect transistor 27 of the N-channel depletion type.
  • the drain of this transistor is connected to the positive output terminal A +, while the source of this transistor is connected via a small resistor 28 to the negative output terminal A- of the actuator.
  • a voltage limiter circuit in the form of a Zener diode path 29 is connected between the output terminals A + and A-, a tap of which is connected via a diode 30 to the gate connection of the field effect transistor 27.
  • the X-ray tube 1 would briefly represent a short circuit.
  • the voltage drop at the actuator would be limited to a maximum value by the zener diodes 29, an increased current flowing through the field effect transistor - briefly - by changing its bias voltage via the diode 30.
  • the actuator shown in Fig. 3 changes the conductivity of the transistor 27 and thus the voltage drop between the output terminals A + and A- so that the voltage between the inverting and the non-inverting input of the comparison circuit 20 is always zero.
  • the voltage drop between the terminals A + and A- can be controlled by the voltage at the control input E + or at a control input E-, which is connected via a resistor 32 to the non-inverting input of the comparison circuit 20.
  • the actuators 11, 12 ... 1n are connected in series in such a way that the negative output connection A- of an actuator is connected to the positive output connection A + of an adjacent actuator.
  • the actuator 11 the high voltage potential of which is the lowest, is connected to its Control input E + connected to the output 41 of the control voltage source 8.
  • a voltage drop is therefore generated between the output terminals A + and A- of this actuator, which voltage depends linearly on the potential at terminal 41.
  • the output connection A + of this actuator is also connected via a resistor 33 to the control input E + of the subsequent actuator 12.
  • the setpoint for the actuator 12 is thus derived from the output voltage of the actuator 11. However, since this corresponds to the setpoint at its input E + or at input 41, the voltage at input E + also corresponds to the voltage at terminal 41. As a result, the voltage drop at actuator 12 follows the voltage drop at actuator 11.
  • the voltage at the output terminal A + of the actuator 12 is in turn fed via a further resistor 33 to the input E + of the subsequent actuator, from the output voltage of which the setpoint value for the subsequent actuator is derived, etc., until finally the output terminal A + of the penultimate actuator in the Row is connected to the control input E + of the last actuator 1n. Thereafter, all actuators - provided they have the same structure - have the same voltage drop between their output terminals, which is determined by the potential at terminal 41.
  • the circuit 3 shown in FIG. 2b differs from the circuit 4 in FIG. 2a only in that the control connection 31 is connected to the control input E- of the actuator 11, which carries the lowest high-voltage potential, and that the setpoint for the other actuators 12 ... 1n at control input E- and derived from the voltage at output A- of the preceding actuator.
  • the voltage comparison in the case of the circuit according to FIG. 2b takes place at the Potential of the output terminal A-, which simultaneously forms a voltage supply connection of the circuit 20. This must therefore be designed in such a way that it can carry out a voltage comparison down to the potential at its negative DC voltage supply connection.
  • the circuits 3 and 4 are in series with the high-voltage consumer. If the high-voltage generator 2 is sufficiently high-resistance, it can also be connected in parallel to the high-voltage consumer, ie connected between the anode or cathode on the one hand and ground on the other. In this case, the high voltage drop to be processed at the actuators would be greater, but only part of the Current through the high voltage consumer flow through the actuators.
  • connection 31 and 41 of the control voltage source is each coupled to a control input of the actuator, which is the first or the last in the chain and has the lowest operating potential.
  • the connections 31 and 41 can also be connected to the control input of an actuator in the middle of the chain. In this case, the actuators following in the direction of the more positive potential would each be connected with their control input E- to the output A- of the preceding actuator, while the actuators following in the direction of the negative potential would each have their control input E + with the control input A + of the preceding actuator should be connected.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • X-Ray Techniques (AREA)
  • Continuous-Control Power Sources That Use Transistors (AREA)
EP87200077A 1986-01-23 1987-01-19 Schaltungsanordnung zur Hochspannungsstellung Expired - Lifetime EP0234610B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3601857 1986-01-23
DE19863601857 DE3601857A1 (de) 1986-01-23 1986-01-23 Schaltungsanordnung zur hochspannungsstellung

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0234610A2 EP0234610A2 (de) 1987-09-02
EP0234610A3 EP0234610A3 (en) 1989-12-20
EP0234610B1 true EP0234610B1 (de) 1992-06-24

Family

ID=6292391

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87200077A Expired - Lifetime EP0234610B1 (de) 1986-01-23 1987-01-19 Schaltungsanordnung zur Hochspannungsstellung

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4757251A (ja)
EP (1) EP0234610B1 (ja)
JP (1) JPS62219116A (ja)
DE (2) DE3601857A1 (ja)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4859927A (en) * 1988-10-28 1989-08-22 Fisher Scientific Company Power supply with improved switching regulator
DE3929888A1 (de) * 1989-09-08 1991-03-14 Philips Patentverwaltung Roentgengenerator zum betrieb einer roentgenroehre mit an masse angeschlossenen roehrenteilen
US5070538A (en) * 1990-01-02 1991-12-03 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Wide band domino effect high voltage regulator
DE4337229C1 (de) * 1993-10-30 1994-11-10 Ant Nachrichtentech Fernspeiseeinrichtung
DE102009035547A1 (de) * 2009-07-31 2011-02-03 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Spannungsstellglied

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH389039A (de) * 1961-07-20 1965-03-15 Standard Telephon & Radio Ag Spannungsstabilisierte Gleichstromspeiseeinrichtung
US3377539A (en) * 1966-06-29 1968-04-09 Gulton Ind Inc Polyphase inverter
US3623140A (en) * 1970-01-30 1971-11-23 Forbro Design Corp Plurality of programmable regulated power supplies share the load in a predetermined ratio with overall stability determined by the master supply
SU426224A1 (ru) * 1972-05-23 1974-04-30 Б. С. Таубе Источник опорного неременного нанряжения
DE2303888A1 (de) * 1973-01-26 1974-08-01 Siemens Ag Roentgendiagnostikanlage mit zwei roentgenroehren
US3970900A (en) * 1974-12-19 1976-07-20 General Electric Company Overvoltage protection for an integrated circuit
US4174534A (en) * 1978-01-20 1979-11-13 Northern Telecom Limited Master-slave voltage regulator employing pulse width modulation
DE3116609A1 (de) * 1981-04-27 1982-12-16 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Schaltung zur erzeugung von zumindest einer geregelten gleichspannung
DE3213869C2 (de) * 1982-04-15 1986-03-13 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Selbstschwingender Sekundärschaltregler
GB8316352D0 (en) * 1983-06-16 1983-07-20 Motorola Inc Dc-dc converter

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3601857A1 (de) 1987-07-30
EP0234610A2 (de) 1987-09-02
US4757251A (en) 1988-07-12
DE3779932D1 (de) 1992-07-30
JPS62219116A (ja) 1987-09-26
EP0234610A3 (en) 1989-12-20

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