EP0229409A1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum elastischen Befestigen von Eisenbahnschienen - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum elastischen Befestigen von Eisenbahnschienen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0229409A1
EP0229409A1 EP86202074A EP86202074A EP0229409A1 EP 0229409 A1 EP0229409 A1 EP 0229409A1 EP 86202074 A EP86202074 A EP 86202074A EP 86202074 A EP86202074 A EP 86202074A EP 0229409 A1 EP0229409 A1 EP 0229409A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rail
elastic
substrate
support unit
load
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP86202074A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0229409B1 (de
Inventor
Joseph Grunenwaldt
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
Priority to BE0/216011A priority Critical patent/BE903862A/fr
Priority claimed from BE0/216011A external-priority patent/BE903862A/fr
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0229409A1 publication Critical patent/EP0229409A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0229409B1 publication Critical patent/EP0229409B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B1/00—Ballastway; Other means for supporting the sleepers or the track; Drainage of the ballastway
    • E01B1/002—Ballastless track, e.g. concrete slab trackway, or with asphalt layers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B19/00—Protection of permanent way against development of dust or against the effect of wind, sun, frost, or corrosion; Means to reduce development of noise
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
    • E01B9/62—Rail fastenings incorporating resilient supports
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
    • E01B9/68—Pads or the like, e.g. of wood, rubber, placed under the rail, tie-plate, or chair
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B1/00—Ballastway; Other means for supporting the sleepers or the track; Drainage of the ballastway
    • E01B1/001—Track with ballast
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B2204/00—Characteristics of the track and its foundations
    • E01B2204/01—Elastic layers other than rail-pads, e.g. sleeper-shoes, bituconcrete

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of elastic fixing of rail tracks, comprising fixing the rail routinely on a support unit, and the intercalation of at least one elastic intermediate element between the support unit rail and any suitable substrate, this or these intermediate elements having a given elasticity in order to be able to exhibit a good anti-vibration effect and an appropriate resistance to sag under a given load.
  • an elastic fixing device for a rail track comprising a support unit to which the rail is commonly fixed and at least one elastic intermediate element which is interposed between the support unit for the rail and a suitable substrate. any and which has a determined elasticity to be able to present a good anti-vibration effect and an appropriate resistance to sag under a determined load.
  • the efficiency is all the greater when the natural frequency fo is low.
  • the natural frequency fo is directly related to the static deflection, under the effect of the gravity, of the mass M resting on the stiffness device k.
  • the mass M to be taken into account here is very variable over time.
  • the load to be taken up at x is several tonnes. If, on the other hand, the vehicle moves away from x, the load to be taken back is limited to the weight of the rail with fixing accessories, that is to say a few tens of kilos. The range is considerable, in a ratio which easily reaches 100 and can even greatly exceed this value.
  • the moving weight / dead weight ratio must be reduced as much as possible. Having no action on the moving weight, it is necessary to increase the dead weight. So a conventional solution consists in increasing the inert mass of the rail support.
  • An elastic rail fixing device is also known in which the rubber support elements provided are capable of reacting optimally, according to their characteristics; their elasticity is not reduced by bolting or tightening the two rigid rail support elements between which these rubber elements are found, as is very often the case.
  • a fixing device of this kind has been developed by the firm CLOUTH Gummiwerke AG and it comprises elastic intermediate elements bearing the trade name "L'Oeuf de Cologne” ®. These elastic intermediate elements have an elliptical shape and they are interposed between two support plates of the rail, which are not connected to each other in any other way. However, these devices do not in any way solve the problem posed by the wide range of loads to be supported, which has been described above.
  • the present invention aims to provide a solution to the problems posed which is simple and inexpensive, and which can even be easily applied to already existing railways.
  • a device as described at the beginning, and further comprising at least one second elastic intermediate element interposed between the rail support unit and the substrate, this or these second intermediate elements having a different elasticity, hereinafter called second elasticity, which is determined so as to be able to have a good antivibration effect under a second determined load lower than the above-mentioned first load, all the elastic intermediate elements being stressed, when the rail is under the above-mentioned first load , while, when the rail is under the aforesaid second load, only the elastic second intermediate element or elements are stressed.
  • second elasticity a different elasticity
  • the first elastic intermediate element (s) and the second elastic intermediate element (s) are interposed between the rail support unit and the substrate so as to be stressed only during compression.
  • any suitable substrate is meant not only a stabilized or radiant ground but also one or more elements or groups of elements supported or anchored on the stabilized or radiate ground, for example anchor plates, sleepers , a slab, ballast, or combinations of these.
  • the device comprises, as first elastic intermediate elements, two blocks of elastic material interposed between a fixing plate, on which the rail is fixed by a rigid clip or any elastic fixing , and an anchor plate sealed directly in a slab, the anchor plate having at each of its ends stops preventing the lateral or longitudinal displacement of the blocks introduced between these stops, but allowing expansion of the blocks under load, each block elastic having a first hole which is situated opposite a stud for centering the fixing plate which fits properly into this hole, the elastic blocks also having other holes in which are housed, as second elements elastic intermediates, helical springs which, when the rail is at rest, slightly protrude upwards the blocks of elastic material.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 an exemplary embodiment of rail attachment 1 is illustrated.
  • the rail is supported by several rail 1 support units (only one of which is shown).
  • Each support unit comprises a fixing plate 2 fixed to the rail by means of toads 3 which each bear both on one edge of the pad 4 of the rail and on the upper face of the fixing plate 2.
  • Each toad 3 is crossed by a tightening bolt 5.
  • the tightening between the anchor plate 11 and the slab 10 is obtained by the arrangement on the threaded rod of each anchor bolt of a lower nut 14 embedded in the slab and separated from the underside of the plate anchoring by a washer of synthetic rubber 15, for example of neoprene, and of an upper nut 16 separated from the upper face of the anchoring plate 11 by a double Grower washer 17, the rod bolt 12 passing between the washer 15 and the washer 17, through a hole provided for this purpose in the anchor plate 11.
  • a screwing of the nut 16 of each anchor bolt 12 allows the desired tightening between the anchor plate 11 and the base 10.
  • this embodiment provides for fixing the rail without ballast, without crosspieces and without floating slab, therefore of a relatively simple and inexpensive material.
  • the device for elastic fixing of the rail comprises, sandwiched between each support unit of the rail and the substrate, two first elastic intermediate elements in the form of approximately parallelepipedal blocks 18 of elastic material, for example rubber, preferably reinforced natural rubber.
  • These blocks have an elasticity calculated to be able to have a good anti-vibration effect and good resistance to sag under a load corresponding to that of the rail on which a convoy passes, that is to say of the rail itself under load. This load can sometimes represent several tonnes while the rail at rest represents a weight of around 40 to 50 kg.
  • the illustrated fixing device comprises stop or retaining means which prevent any relative movement in the longitudinal and transverse directions of the rail between the elastic blocks 18 and their anchor plate 11.
  • these abutment or retaining means consist, for each elastic block 18, of a bar 19 parallel to the longitudinal direction of the rail1 which is welded to the anchoring plate 11 and against which the face lateral side of the block 18 is applied, as well as in two bars 20 perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the rail 1 which are welded to the anchoring plate 11 so as to form with the bar 19 a U in the plan view and against which apply respectively the front and rear faces of the block 18.
  • the illustrated fixing device comprises retaining means which prevent any relative movement in the longitudinal and transverse directions of the rail between the elastic blocks 18 and their fixing plate 2.
  • these retaining means comprise a cylindrical centering hole 21 in each elastic block, and centering studs 23 which protrude downward relative to the lower surface of the fixing plate 2 and which are arranged so as to be able to penetrate the aforementioned centering holes 21 when the fixing plate 2 is deposited on the elastic blocks 18.
  • the centering studs 23 are in fact previously welded inside perforations 22 provided at the ends of the fixing plate 2.
  • centering studs 23 have, in their part pressed into a cylindrical centering hole 21, a cylindrical upper part 24 which cooperates with the internal walls of the hole 21 to oppose by friction a relative displacement in a vertical direction between the fixing plate 2 and the elastic blocks 18, and a frustoconical lower part 25 which allows lateral expansion of the elastic material of the block 18 inside the hole 21 when the block is stressed.
  • the elastic blocks 18 are stressed by the rail only under compression. There is no longer any shear stress, which considerably increases the service life of this support element compared to those also shear stress and known in the prior art.
  • the device as illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 also comprises, inserted between each support unit of the rail and the substrate, four second elastic intermediate elements in the form of helical springs 26 of steel, of which l The elasticity is calculated to be able to exhibit good anti-vibration resistance under a load corresponding only to that of the rail at rest.
  • these helical springs 26 are arranged inside additional holes 27 provided through each elastic block 18. These holes can thus serve to guide and retain the helical springs and the elastic blocks 18 thus simultaneously form means for retaining and guiding the second elastic intermediate elements of the fixing device according to the invention, which makes this solution very practical and compact.
  • the second elastic intermediate elements are also stressed only under compression.
  • the springs 26 can, in the rest position of the rail, be supported at one of their ends on the underside of the fixing plate 2 and at the other end on the upper face of the anchoring plate 11. It could be however also provide blind holes inside the support blocks, the springs taking then support by only one of their ends either on the fixing plate 2, or on the anchoring plate 11.
  • the important criterion is that, when the rail is at rest, only the coil springs 26 are stressed. To achieve this, in the illustrated case, the elasticity of the helical springs 26 has been calculated so that, under the sole load of the rail at rest, they protrude very slightly relative to the upper face of the elastic blocks 18.
  • the distance between the fixing plate 2 and the anchoring plate 11 must be very slightly greater than that which they will present when the rail is under load.
  • the fixing plate 2 compresses the springs 26 down over a very small distance, until it meets the elastic blocks 18 whose elasticity is calculated to resist the rail under load. So the stroke of the springs 26 is very short, between the rest state of the rail and its state under load.
  • the springs are therefore little stressed dynamically and undergo minimal fatigue. They can be provided very flexible, which makes it possible to optimally reduce their stiffness k and to obtain maximum antivibration efficiency when the load corresponds to the dead point of the rail.
  • the elastic blocks 18 are not stressed, these can be calculated to have an optimal elasticity only for the mass of the rail under load, that is to say - say that they can be designed to meet a narrow range of loads. They are therefore much more resistant to sag under heavy load, while having maximum antivibration efficiency when the rail is under load.
  • the elastic fixing device according to the invention is therefore designed to be able to respond in the best way in the two extreme conditions of stress on the rail. It is obvious that one could also provide, interposed between the rail support unit and the substrate, additional elastic intermediate elements capable of exhibiting a good anti-vibration effect under one or more loads different from those of the rail at rest and of the rail under load, and for example under intermediate loads to these. This is easily achievable for example by providing an elasticity of two of the coil springs 26 which is different from that of the other two.
  • the rail support unit 1 comprises a floating concrete slab 28 on which the rails 1 are directly fixed by common fixing accessories not described in detail. It is therefore the concrete slab which will, in the known manner, increase the mass M of the rail support unit and thus reduce the variation between the mass of the rail at rest and that of the rail under load.
  • the substrate consists of the only raft 10.
  • first elastic intermediate elements here in the form of blocks 29 of reinforced natural rubber placed longitudinally approximately at the base of the two rails 1.
  • the elasticity of these blocks 29 is calculated to resist the weight of the slab when the rails are under load.
  • second elastic intermediate elements in the form of blocks 30 of reinforced natural rubber which are also arranged longitudinally, approximately plumb with the two rails 1.
  • the blocks 29 and 30 are arranged in parallel and alternately under the rails 1.
  • the elasticity of the blocks 30 is calculated to withstand the weight of the slab when the rails are at rest. Under this weight, their height must be slightly greater than that of the blocks 29, so that only the blocks 30 are stressed in the rest state of the rail.
  • This elastic fixing device further comprises elastic retaining means preventing relative movement in a direction transverse to the rail between the slab 28 and the slab 10.
  • elastic retaining means comprise brackets 31, bolted on either side of the slab 28 in the slab 10, stops 32 in the form of elastic blocks being fitted between the vertical wings of the brackets 31 and the lateral faces of the floating slab 28.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates another alternative embodiment of the device according to the invention. This embodiment differs from that illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 only in two aspects.
  • the elastic intermediate elements 18 are rubber blocks and the metal springs 26 rest here, each, on a washer 40 made of material. Any insulation. Naturally other means of electrical insulation can be provided, and, in addition, this electrical insulation can also be provided on other embodiments of the device according to the invention, in particular on that illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the elastic intermediate elements can be designed so as not to be stressed only under compression, but so as to be able to also undergo a certain shear during their service.
  • the place where the elastic intermediate elements are arranged is not the same in both cases and therefore the structure of the rail support unit and that of the substrate can vary from case to case.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 are particularly advantageous since it makes it possible to envisage an inexpensive placement of the device according to the invention on existing tracks.
  • the anchoring plate 11 is in fact a conventional cross-member and to fix on it abutment means similar to bars 19 and 20, in order to be able to place elastic blocks 18 and springs 26 between the cross member and the fixing plate 2.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
EP19860202074 1985-12-16 1986-11-24 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum elastischen Befestigen von Eisenbahnschienen Expired EP0229409B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE0/216011A BE903862A (fr) 1985-12-16 1985-12-16 Procede et dispositif de fixation elastique de rail de voie ferree.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE216011 1985-12-16
BE0/216011A BE903862A (fr) 1985-12-16 1985-12-16 Procede et dispositif de fixation elastique de rail de voie ferree.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0229409A1 true EP0229409A1 (de) 1987-07-22
EP0229409B1 EP0229409B1 (de) 1989-05-10

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ID=3843948

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EP19860202074 Expired EP0229409B1 (de) 1985-12-16 1986-11-24 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum elastischen Befestigen von Eisenbahnschienen

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EP (1) EP0229409B1 (de)
DE (1) DE3663274D1 (de)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2677382A1 (fr) * 1991-06-05 1992-12-11 Metram Procede de fixation des rails d'une voie de tramway par rapport aux blochets ou aux traverses et voie etablie par mise en óoeuvre de ce procede.
WO1994008093A1 (de) * 1992-10-01 1994-04-14 Bwg Butzbacher Weichenbau Gmbh Lagerung für ein oberbauteil
DE4441561A1 (de) * 1994-11-22 1996-05-30 Draebing Kg Wegu Schalldämmendes Schienenlager
FR2993582A1 (fr) * 2012-07-17 2014-01-24 Regie Autonome Transports Procede de pose d'une voie comportant un support avec du beton
DE10331135B4 (de) * 2003-05-28 2014-12-31 Bwg Gmbh & Co. Kg Lagerung und Befestigung für einen Schienenabschnitt sowie Montage einer Weiche oder ähnliches
FR3048250A1 (fr) * 2016-02-29 2017-09-01 Railtech Int Element d'ancrage et traverse de voie ferree
CN111764200A (zh) * 2020-07-10 2020-10-13 郑州铁路职业技术学院 一种减震式铁路轨道

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103422401B (zh) * 2013-08-09 2016-03-30 北京中铁福斯罗技术有限公司 一种铁路设备固定系统和调节其的方法

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE956687C (de) * 1954-09-14 1957-01-24 Deutsche Bundesbahn Elastische Polsterauflagerung des Eisenbahngleises auf Bruecken, insbesondere auf staehlernen Eisenbahnbruecken
FR2093805A5 (de) * 1970-05-28 1972-01-28 Akustikbyran Ab
DE2933541A1 (de) * 1979-08-18 1981-03-26 Clouth Gummiwerke AG, 50733 Köln Schalldaemmende schienenlagerung
DE3033607A1 (de) * 1980-09-06 1982-07-08 Phoenix Ag, 2100 Hamburg Schalldaemmende schienenunterlage
DE3242915A1 (de) * 1982-11-20 1984-05-24 Phoenix Ag, 2100 Hamburg Elastische schienenunterlage fuer schienenfahrzeuge
DE3406679A1 (de) * 1984-02-24 1985-09-05 Phoenix Ag, 2100 Hamburg Elastisches lager fuer schienen

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE956687C (de) * 1954-09-14 1957-01-24 Deutsche Bundesbahn Elastische Polsterauflagerung des Eisenbahngleises auf Bruecken, insbesondere auf staehlernen Eisenbahnbruecken
FR2093805A5 (de) * 1970-05-28 1972-01-28 Akustikbyran Ab
DE2933541A1 (de) * 1979-08-18 1981-03-26 Clouth Gummiwerke AG, 50733 Köln Schalldaemmende schienenlagerung
DE3033607A1 (de) * 1980-09-06 1982-07-08 Phoenix Ag, 2100 Hamburg Schalldaemmende schienenunterlage
DE3242915A1 (de) * 1982-11-20 1984-05-24 Phoenix Ag, 2100 Hamburg Elastische schienenunterlage fuer schienenfahrzeuge
DE3406679A1 (de) * 1984-02-24 1985-09-05 Phoenix Ag, 2100 Hamburg Elastisches lager fuer schienen

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2677382A1 (fr) * 1991-06-05 1992-12-11 Metram Procede de fixation des rails d'une voie de tramway par rapport aux blochets ou aux traverses et voie etablie par mise en óoeuvre de ce procede.
WO1994008093A1 (de) * 1992-10-01 1994-04-14 Bwg Butzbacher Weichenbau Gmbh Lagerung für ein oberbauteil
US5645216A (en) * 1992-10-01 1997-07-08 Bwg Butzbacher Weichenbau Gmbh Bearing for a part of a railroad track
DE4441561A1 (de) * 1994-11-22 1996-05-30 Draebing Kg Wegu Schalldämmendes Schienenlager
DE4441561C2 (de) * 1994-11-22 1999-03-25 Draebing Kg Wegu Schalldämmendes Schienenlager
DE10331135B4 (de) * 2003-05-28 2014-12-31 Bwg Gmbh & Co. Kg Lagerung und Befestigung für einen Schienenabschnitt sowie Montage einer Weiche oder ähnliches
FR2993582A1 (fr) * 2012-07-17 2014-01-24 Regie Autonome Transports Procede de pose d'une voie comportant un support avec du beton
FR3048250A1 (fr) * 2016-02-29 2017-09-01 Railtech Int Element d'ancrage et traverse de voie ferree
CN111764200A (zh) * 2020-07-10 2020-10-13 郑州铁路职业技术学院 一种减震式铁路轨道
CN111764200B (zh) * 2020-07-10 2021-03-23 郑州铁路职业技术学院 一种减震式铁路轨道

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0229409B1 (de) 1989-05-10
DE3663274D1 (en) 1989-06-15

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