EP0228665A2 - Procédé de réglage pour limiter le pompage de turbocompresseurs - Google Patents

Procédé de réglage pour limiter le pompage de turbocompresseurs Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0228665A2
EP0228665A2 EP86117636A EP86117636A EP0228665A2 EP 0228665 A2 EP0228665 A2 EP 0228665A2 EP 86117636 A EP86117636 A EP 86117636A EP 86117636 A EP86117636 A EP 86117636A EP 0228665 A2 EP0228665 A2 EP 0228665A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
compressor
map
actual
actual value
gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP86117636A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0228665A3 (en
EP0228665B1 (fr
Inventor
Wilfried Dipl.-Ing. Blotenberg
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MAN Gutehoffnungshutte GmbH
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MAN Gutehoffnungshutte GmbH
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Publication of EP0228665A2 publication Critical patent/EP0228665A2/fr
Publication of EP0228665A3 publication Critical patent/EP0228665A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0228665B1 publication Critical patent/EP0228665B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04D27/02—Surge control
    • F04D27/0207—Surge control by bleeding, bypassing or recycling fluids

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the surge limit control of turbo compressors of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1. Such a method is known from "Nachzin den Maschinenbau” 5/82.
  • Pumping is an unstable condition of a turbocompressor, in which intermittent or periodic conveying gas flows back from the pressure to the suction side. Pumping occurs when the end pressure is too high and / or the throughput is too low.
  • a line can therefore be clearly defined which separates the stable from the unstable area and is referred to as the surge limit.
  • the surge limit control is intended to prevent the operating point of the compressor from reaching the surge limit and pumps thereby entering.
  • a blow-off line is defined in the map at a safety distance from the surge limit. When the operating point exceeds the blow-off line, a relief valve branching off from the compressor outlet is opened more or less in order to blow off the conveyed medium or to blow it off to the suction side and thereby lower the final pressure or increase the throughput.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method for the surge limit control of the type mentioned, which makes it possible to record effects on the position of the surge limit in the map used caused by changes in the gas composition and / or, for example, by pollution-related changes in the compressor geometry, and corresponding corrections in the surge limit control to make.
  • a characteristic curve includes further unique parameters such as speed, blade position, power, etc., so that there is a clear connection between the map coordinates of the operating point and the parameters.
  • an associated target value can be calculated using a calculated or measured map, e.g. the speed n of the compressor can be determined. If the actually measured speed deviates from this nominal value, this means that the actual working point also deviates from the working point calculated according to formulas (1) and (2) because one or more of the variables R, x and K have changed.
  • the deviation between the target value and the actual value of the speed or another characteristic parameter such as blade position or compressor output thus serves as a correction variable which indicates that the actual course of the surge limit in the characteristic diagram deviates from the required course.
  • This deviation can, if it e.g. based on changed gas composition, be taken into account by appropriate correction within the calculation of the map coordinates according to formula (1) for the determination of the controlled variables or by directly applying a corresponding correction variable to the control.
  • the compressor by operating the compressor with a standard gas with known values for R and x, it can be determined whether a deviation between the setpoint and actual value of the speed indicates contamination of the compressor system. In this case, an appropriate maintenance or shutdown of the system can be initiated by a warning signal.
  • the surge limit P of a compressor is clearly defined in the map with the coordinates V and ⁇ h ad , as shown in FIG. 1.
  • the location of the surge line is independent of changes in the parameters of suction pressure, final pressure, temperature, gas constant or isentropic exponent.
  • a standard composition of the gas is assumed, in which R and x have a predetermined known value.
  • the delivery head and the intake volume flow are calculated from the measured values as map coordinates.
  • the formulas (1) and (2) give the calculated values ⁇ h adr and V r.
  • This speed is the actual actual speed, which can be measured very easily and very precisely by measuring the speed of the drive turbine.
  • This computed speed is now compared in comparator 4 with the actually measured speed n a . If the actual speed matches the calculated speed, the actual gas composition also matches the standard composition. However, if the measured speed deviates from the calculated speed, the gas composition is different. Then the relation of the blow-off line A specified in the characteristic diagram to the calculated working point does not match that to the actual working point, and the surge limit control works incorrectly. This must be corrected by taking into account the changed gas composition.
  • This regulation itself can work as follows, for example according to FIG. 1:
  • a computer determines the actual delivery head of the compressor.
  • the minimum permissible intake flow V target is determined from this by mirroring on the blow-off line A. This is compared with the actual flow V measured.
  • the relief valve remains closed as long as the measured flow V is greater than the minimum permissible V target. The relief valve does not open until V falls below.
  • a simpler way of taking changes in the gas composition into account is to empirically deduce a shift in the surge limit from the deviation in the speeds and to automatically shift the blow-off line accordingly. Such a method will be described in more detail below.
  • a compressor 10 is driven by a turbine 11 or by another variable speed drive.
  • the pressure difference (differential pressure) at a throttle point 17 is measured with a measuring transducer 15 and further the suction pressure with a pressure sensor 19 and the temperature on the suction side with a temperature sensor 21.
  • the arithmetic intake flow V r is determined from these variables in computer 1 (cf. FIG. 2) using the gas constants R r for the normal composition of the gas.
  • the delivery head ⁇ h adr is determined in the second computer 2 using the values R, and x r for the normal composition of the conveying gas .
  • the computed speed n r belonging to the values V and ⁇ h adr is determined with the normal composition of the gas. This is compared with the actual speed n a measured on the shaft of the turbine 11 by means of a speed sensor 27 in a differential element 29.
  • the values V r and ⁇ h adr calculated by the computers 1 and 2 also serve as control variables for the control of a relief valve 31 branching off from the compressor outlet 23.
  • the value of the delivery head ⁇ h adr is fed to a function generator 33 in which the course of the blow-off line is stored.
  • the function generator 33 generates, for each value of ⁇ h adr, the associated setpoint V ′ target of the intake flow, which is determined by the blow-off line A (cf. FIG. 1).
  • This output V should of the function generator 32 is compared in a differential element 35 with the actual value V, and a control difference is formed therefrom, which is fed as an input signal to a controller 37, the output signal of which opens the relief valve 31 when the blow-off line A is exceeded in the characteristic diagram, so that pumping is prevented by lowering the final pressure and / or increasing the flow through the compressor.
  • the method according to the invention can also be used in other surge limit controls in which other characteristic diagrams are used or other criteria are decisive for triggering the relief valve.
  • the output signal of the differential element 29 is fed to a function generator 39 which, on the basis of the deviation of the calculated speed n from the actual speed n a, generates a fixed correction quantity which reflects the non-linear relationship between the speed deviation and the required correction of the surge limit or blow-off line in the characteristic diagram Fig. 1 considered.
  • the correction variable generated by the function generator 39 is added by a summing element 41 to the setpoint value V soll generated by the function generator 33, so that regulation of the relief valve is adapted to the changed gas composition.
  • the correction variable generated by the function generator 39 can also be added to the actual value V generated by the computer 1 or the control difference generated by the differential element 35. It is also possible to add the correction variable not simply additively, but multiplicatively or at the same time additively and multiplicatively or the control variable.
  • Additive addition means a parallel shift
  • multiplicative addition means a rotation of the surge line P or blow-off line A in the map according to FIG. 1.
  • control is carried out on a multi-stage compressor system, it is possible to use the described method not over all stages, but only over one or more stages.
  • Such a parameter is e.g. the guide vane position, especially in compressors that are operated at constant speed and controlled by changing the vane position. It is also possible to use the drive power of the compressor instead of the speed.
  • the compressor is operated with a conveying gas with a standard composition, the values for R and x are known and are identical to the data used in computers 1 and 2.
  • the setpoint n, and actual value n, the speed should be the same, so that no output signal occurs at the differentiator 29. If a signal from the differentiator 29 occurs anyway, it can be concluded that the geometry of the compressor e.g. has changed due to pollution.
  • the signal generated by the differentiator 29 can be used to control a warning signal generator 43, which provides an indication that the compressor has to be serviced or even stopped in the event of danger.
  • this deviation must be determined for a clean compressor using the method described above.
  • a comparison of this arithmetically determined deviation with the output signal of the differentiator 29 shows whether there is contamination or any other change in the compressor geometry.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Positive-Displacement Air Blowers (AREA)
EP86117636A 1985-12-18 1986-12-18 Procédé de réglage pour limiter le pompage de turbocompresseurs Expired - Lifetime EP0228665B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3544822 1985-12-18
DE19853544822 DE3544822A1 (de) 1985-12-18 1985-12-18 Verfahren zur pumpgrenzregelung von turbokomporessoren

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0228665A2 true EP0228665A2 (fr) 1987-07-15
EP0228665A3 EP0228665A3 (en) 1988-01-13
EP0228665B1 EP0228665B1 (fr) 1990-09-19

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86117636A Expired - Lifetime EP0228665B1 (fr) 1985-12-18 1986-12-18 Procédé de réglage pour limiter le pompage de turbocompresseurs

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4831535A (fr)
EP (1) EP0228665B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS62147096A (fr)
DE (2) DE3544822A1 (fr)

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WO2009092409A1 (fr) * 2008-01-21 2009-07-30 Man Turbo Ag Procédé pour régler une turbomachine

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DE3809881A1 (de) * 1988-03-24 1989-10-12 Gutehoffnungshuette Man Regelverfahren zur vermeidung des pumpens eines turbokompressors
DE3810717A1 (de) * 1988-03-30 1989-10-19 Gutehoffnungshuette Man Verfahren zur vermeidung des pumpens eines turboverdichters mittels abblaseregelung
DE3811230A1 (de) * 1988-04-02 1989-10-26 Gutehoffnungshuette Man Verfahren zum schuetzen eines turboverdichters vor pumpen mittels abblasens ueber ein abblaseventil sowie vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
US5002459A (en) * 1988-07-28 1991-03-26 Rotoflow Corporation Surge control system
US4949276A (en) * 1988-10-26 1990-08-14 Compressor Controls Corp. Method and apparatus for preventing surge in a dynamic compressor
US5054995A (en) * 1989-11-06 1991-10-08 Ingersoll-Rand Company Apparatus for controlling a fluid compression system
FR2666854B1 (fr) * 1990-09-19 1992-12-18 Framatome Sa Dispositif de commande de moyens d'antipompage d'un compresseur.
IT1255836B (it) * 1991-10-01 1995-11-17 Procedimento per la sorveglianza del limite di pompaggio di turbocompressori a piu' stadi e refrigerazione intermedia
US5195875A (en) * 1991-12-05 1993-03-23 Dresser-Rand Company Antisurge control system for compressors
US5306116A (en) * 1992-04-10 1994-04-26 Ingersoll-Rand Company Surge control and recovery for a centrifugal compressor
US5357748A (en) * 1992-11-09 1994-10-25 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Compressor vane control for gas turbine engines
US5508943A (en) * 1994-04-07 1996-04-16 Compressor Controls Corporation Method and apparatus for measuring the distance of a turbocompressor's operating point to the surge limit interface
US5743715A (en) * 1995-10-20 1998-04-28 Compressor Controls Corporation Method and apparatus for load balancing among multiple compressors
DE19541192C2 (de) * 1995-11-04 1999-02-04 Ghh Borsig Turbomaschinen Gmbh Verfahren zum Schutz eines Turbokompressors vor Betrieb im instabilen Arbeitsbereich mittels einer Abblaseeinrichtung
JP2001501694A (ja) 1996-05-22 2001-02-06 インガーソル ランド カンパニー 遠心圧縮機におけるサージ発生の検出法
DE19726547A1 (de) * 1997-06-23 1999-01-28 Babcock Bsh Gmbh Verfahren zur Bestimmung des Betriebspunktes eines Ventilators und Ventilator
US6141951A (en) * 1998-08-18 2000-11-07 United Technologies Corporation Control system for modulating bleed in response to engine usage
US6394764B1 (en) 2000-03-30 2002-05-28 Dresser-Rand Company Gas compression system and method utilizing gas seal control
DE10151032A1 (de) * 2001-10-16 2003-04-30 Siemens Ag Verfahren zur Optimierung des Betriebs mehrerer Verdichteraggregate einer Erdgasverdichtungsstation
KR100812011B1 (ko) * 2001-12-26 2008-03-10 주식회사 포스코 고로 송풍기 서지방지 제어장치와 방법
DE10304063A1 (de) * 2003-01-31 2004-08-12 Man Turbomaschinen Ag Verfahren zum sicheren Betreiben von Turbokompressoren mit einer Pumpgrenzregelung und einem Pumpgrenzregelventil
DE102004013209B4 (de) * 2004-03-17 2014-02-27 Volkswagen Ag Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Ermittlung eines Volumenstroms eines Verdichters bei Kraftfahrzeugen
US7094019B1 (en) 2004-05-17 2006-08-22 Continuous Control Solutions, Inc. System and method of surge limit control for turbo compressors
DE102006030108A1 (de) * 2006-06-28 2008-01-03 Man Turbo Ag Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Durchführen eines Ventiltests an einer Turbomaschine
US20080034753A1 (en) * 2006-08-15 2008-02-14 Anthony Holmes Furman Turbocharger Systems and Methods for Operating the Same
AU2009301191B2 (en) * 2008-10-07 2012-08-23 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Method of controlling a compressor and apparatus therefor
DE102009003978A1 (de) 2009-01-07 2010-07-08 Man Turbo Ag Verfahren zur Bestimmung einer Eigenschaft eines Gases mittels einer Strömungsmaschine
JP2011122812A (ja) * 2009-10-20 2011-06-23 Johnson Controls Technology Co チラー制御用３次元サージマップのコンピュータ化された生成及び使用を与えるコントローラ及び方法
DE102010040503B4 (de) * 2010-09-09 2012-05-10 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur Steuerung eines Verdichters
KR101298828B1 (ko) * 2011-03-31 2013-08-23 미츠비시 쥬고교 가부시키가이샤 가스 압축기의 운전 방법 및 가스 압축기를 구비하는 가스 터빈
US10436208B2 (en) * 2011-06-27 2019-10-08 Energy Control Technologies, Inc. Surge estimator
KR101858643B1 (ko) 2012-03-23 2018-05-16 한화테크윈 주식회사 서지 방지를 위한 압축기 시스템 제어방법 및 압축기 시스템
DE102012213016A1 (de) * 2012-07-25 2014-01-30 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur Minimierung des Spalts zwischen einem Läufer und einem Gehäuse
US9097447B2 (en) 2012-07-25 2015-08-04 Johnson Controls Technology Company Methods and controllers for providing a surge map for the monitoring and control of chillers
US20140064948A1 (en) * 2012-08-31 2014-03-06 Dresser, Inc. System and method for operating a compressor device
US9506474B2 (en) * 2014-12-08 2016-11-29 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Methods and systems for real-time compressor surge line adaptation
US10254719B2 (en) 2015-09-18 2019-04-09 Statistics & Control, Inc. Method and apparatus for surge prevention control of multistage compressor having one surge valve and at least one flow measuring device
US20180163736A1 (en) * 2016-12-09 2018-06-14 General Electric Company Systems and methods for operating a compression system
RU2638896C1 (ru) * 2017-03-14 2017-12-18 федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Уфимский государственный авиационный технический университет" Способ диагностики помпажа компрессора газотурбинного двигателя и устройство для его реализации
FR3081193B1 (fr) * 2018-05-16 2020-07-03 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Compresseur et procede de controle du debit

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009092409A1 (fr) * 2008-01-21 2009-07-30 Man Turbo Ag Procédé pour régler une turbomachine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS62147096A (ja) 1987-07-01
US4831535A (en) 1989-05-16
DE3674365D1 (de) 1990-10-25
DE3544822A1 (de) 1987-06-19
EP0228665A3 (en) 1988-01-13
EP0228665B1 (fr) 1990-09-19

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