EP0218969B1 - Roof construction of profile sections and transparent panels - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Roof construction with obliquely extending first profile sections (1, 2) and transparent panels (6, 7) set between said profile sections, said transparent panels presenting a downward slope and each being set on their horizontally extending lower edges in a respective second horizontal profile section (3, 4, 4a, 5), which are joined at both ends to respectively two of the obliquely extending first profile sections (1, 2) and having a drainage channel (10) for taking off water that penetrates from the upper surface (11) of the panel (6) situated above the profile section, the drainage channel (10) opening via at least one discharge opening (10a) into at least one of the obliquely extending profile sections (1, 2), characterised in that the drainage channel (10) permanently communicates via at least one defined inlet opening (12) with the upper surface (11) of the panel above, and that the lower rim of the respective upper panel (6) is connected via an adhesive strip (27) to one wall surface of the drainage channel (10).

Description

The invention relates to a roof structure with inclined first profile rails and transparent plates inserted between these profile rails, which have a slope and are inserted at their horizontally running lower edges in a second profile rail, which are connected at both ends to two of the inclined first profile rails and have a drainage channel for the discharge of water, which penetrates from the top of the plate located above the profile rail, the drainage channel opening into at least one outlet opening in at least one of the inclined profile rails.

The profile rails of such a roof construction form a frame structure subdivided into grid dimensions, in which the horizontal profile rails must also absorb the shear forces of the transparent plates in the direction of the slope.

In line with the terminology used for conventional roof constructions made of wood, the inclined first profile rails can also be referred to as "rafters and the horizontally running second profile rails also as" rungs.

When using plastic glass (acrylic glass) for the panels, it was possible to use these panels with a continuous length that corresponded to the length of the first profile rails (rafters), which were inclined on both sides. The high-strength plastic web glass panels were light in weight, which posed no particular problems even if the roof dimensions in the downward direction, i.e. the length of the «rafters», were several meters, for example more than 3 m.

The subject of the invention is intended for the subsequent glazing of balconies and verandas (old building modernization) as well as for new buildings for the upper end of bay windows, glass verandas, balconies and pavilions, as well as for the structured design of entire facades and roof structures when it comes to that to allow certain places to light, such as. B. also with studio glazing and roof ends over stairwells and galleries.

With the increasing surface area of the roof structures concerned, there was at the same time the desire to use mineral glass plates, preferably insulating glass plates, in which two or more mineral glass plates are separated from one another and sealed together by gaps instead of plastic plates. In contrast to plastic web glass with a weight of about 5 to 7 kg / m ² , the insulating glass described above has a basis weight of 30 to 35 kg / m ² when using two mineral glass plates with a thickness of 6 to 8 mm, so that the maximum plate dimensions are limited for reasons of transport and handling during assembly.

For this reason, when using insulating glass, one was forced to subdivide the roof surfaces in the downward direction, at least once depending on the length of the inclined profile rails (rafters). This division was made by the horizontal rails (rungs) already described, over which the water necessarily had to run.

However, the sprouts mentioned have the unpleasant property of forming a kind of retention basin for the water even after a downpour, which is limited on the sides by the rafters. The rainwater generally contains more impurities the lower the amount of rain.

The smaller the roof pitch at the point in question, the greater the amount of water and impurities that are jammed. Gradual evaporation of the water then leaves the contaminants with clearly visible edges; they are usually no longer washed off by subsequent downpours and are extremely difficult to remove even by cleaning processes. The result, when viewed from below, is clearly visible dirt marks, the thickness and extent of which increases over time, so that from time to time costly cleaning measures have to be carried out, in which no sharp detergents can be used because of the metal profiles.

Attempts have therefore already been made in the past to reduce the amount of rainwater that is backed up by chamfering the outer upper edges of the rungs and providing them with their own slope. This could alleviate the problem, but did not eliminate it, because the profile thickness of the rung at the point in question cannot fall below certain minimum dimensions, and there must also be a sealing profile made of an elastomeric material between the profile edge and the top of the panel, so that the height the overflow edge over the top of the plate is several millimeters, generally 8 to 10 mm.

Attempts have also already been made to have the panels (including composite panes) butted directly against one another and to seal the joints with permanently elastic materials. The durability, however, is just as low as the strength of the entire roof structure, since the bottom panels in each case have to absorb the shear forces (not intercepted by rungs) of the panels above.

FR-OS 2 507 648 discloses a roof structure of the type specified at the outset, but in which a reliable seal against rainwater should normally be present. As a result, the cited document only deals with the discharge of accidental rain and condensation water. If the known roof construction functions properly, the problem is solved in any case, the solution of which is addressed with the present invention: the dreaded dirty edges are formed. In addition, with the known solution when laminated glass panes are used today, there is a considerable risk that their indispensable sealing on the bottom edge in each case will be destroyed by the penetrating rainwater, especially since the “drainage channel” formed is also not vented.

A roof structure is known from DE-GM 83 16 570, in which the rainwater should not penetrate into the supporting structure consisting of hollow profiles, the so-called “supporting structure”. Although the cited document states with regard to the task that an unimpeded outflow of water is to be made possible, the solution given is only suitable to a very limited extent to avoid dirty edges. This is because both the pipe parts intended for drainage and the sealing strip in which the pipe parts are arranged must have finite wall thicknesses, and that the bevels in the region of the inlet edges of the pipe parts cannot be made arbitrarily pointed. The amount of non-draining water necessarily increases the flatter the roof pitch. Furthermore occur in the subject of DE-GM 83 16 570 from the individual pipe parts with a corresponding time delay. Run out of rivulets that run over the glass pane underneath, dry and then lead to streaks of dirt.

The invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a roof structure of the type described in the introduction, in which any backwater or any accumulation of water on the inclined transparent plates and thus the removal of impurities and the formation of incrustations is excluded without this in the internal drainage channel of the horizontal profile rails can penetrate into the room in which the sensitive connection points between the individual glass panels of insulating glass are located.

In the roof construction described above, the object is achieved according to the invention in that the drainage channel is in constant communication with the overlying plate top via at least one defined gap-shaped inlet opening and in that the lower edge of the respective upper plate is connected to a wall surface of the drainage channel via an adhesive strip .

Due to the specified profile formation, the top of the plate in question runs continuously and at least in places seamlessly into the drainage channel, so that there is no barrage, a retention basin or the like for the water. As a result, there is also no depositing of residues, the formation of incrustations etc. and the roof structure maintains its perfect appearance when viewed from below for a very long time.

The at least one inlet opening can be formed by lining up slit-shaped inlet slots, which are formed by sections of elastomeric sealing profiles which are used to fix the plate at intervals in the profile rail. The dimensions of the inlet openings or the gap width is expediently chosen to be smaller than the cross-section of the drainage channel, so that coarse contaminants such as leaves, branches, etc. are retained, smaller contaminants that can pass through the inlet openings, but easily through the drainage channel (and downstream Channels) can be dissipated.

It does not matter that in the event of very heavy rain or if the drainage system freezes, most of the rain or melt water runs over the profile rail. It is of crucial importance that no puddles of water are retained after the end of the precipitation, which can lead to the pollution already described. In any case, this residual water can be discharged through the inlet openings and the drainage channel.

The adhesive tape ensures that the water is led over the lower edge of the plate, and can not penetrate into the space in which the plate is supported against the rung and in which the sensitive joints between the individual glass sheets of the insulating glass are located .

• a) einem unteren Profilteil, das an seinen beiden Längskanten Nuten für die formschlüssige Halterung von Dichtungsprofilen aufweist, die ihrerseits als Auflage für je eine Platte dienen, sowie mit
• b) einem oberen Profilteil, das mit dem unteren Profilteil über mindestens ein wärmeisolierendes Distanzstück verbunden ist, den Entwässerungskanal einschließt und in Gefällerichtung unterhalb des Entwässerungskanals einen Fortsatz aufweist, an dem nach oben hin eine den Entwässerungskanal und den unteren Rand der oberen Platte überdeckende Abschlußprofilschiene und nach unten hin eine den oberen Rand der unteren Platte überdeckenden Halteprofilschiene eingesetzt ist, die sich über ein weiteres Dichtungsprofil auf dem Plattenrand abstützt.

It is particularly advantageous to design the roof structure in such a way that the horizontal profile rail consists of a thermally insulated composite profile, with

• a) a lower profile part, which has on its two longitudinal edges grooves for the form-fitting mounting of sealing profiles, which in turn serve as a support for each plate, and with
• b) an upper profile part, which is connected to the lower profile part via at least one heat-insulating spacer, encloses the drainage channel and has an extension in the downward direction below the drainage channel, on which an end profile rail covering the drainage channel and the lower edge of the top plate and towards the bottom, a holding profile rail covering the upper edge of the lower plate is inserted, which is supported on the edge of the plate via a further sealing profile.

Such a profile can be composed of conventional profile parts, as will be explained in more detail using an exemplary embodiment.

It is particularly important here that the plate edges abutting and parallel to the horizontal profile rail (rung) are each covered to a sufficient extent by the end profile rail or by the holding profile rail, so that the interconnected edges of the insulating glass pane are under no circumstances affected by the UV radiation can be taken. This is particularly important because the processing guidelines of the glass manufacturers stipulate that the relevant panes or plate edges must be protected accordingly.

It is optionally possible that the main planes of two plates abutting the horizontal profile rail from above and below lie in a common plane (FIGS. 1 and 2), or that the main planes mentioned run at an obtuse angle to one another (FIG. 3). The construction method described last is preferably used for pavilions or so-called galleries, the cross-section of which is in principle a polygon.

Exemplary embodiments of the subject matter of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4.

• Figur 1 eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Ausschnitts aus einer Dachkonstruktion mit und ohne Anwendung der erfindungsgemäßen Entwässerung,
• Figur 2 einen Vertikalschnitt entlang der Linie 11-11 in Figur 1 durch eine Dachkonstruktion, bei der die Hauptebenen zweier an dieselbe Profilschiene anstossender Platten in einer gemeinsamen Ebene verlaufen,
• Figur 3 eine Darstellung analog Figur 2, jedoch mit dem Unterschied, daß die Hauptebenen der beiden an die gemeinsame Profilschiene anstossender Platten unter einem stumpfen Winkel zueinander verlaufen, und
• Figur 4 eine perspektivische Darstellung des Vorgehens beim Anbringen eines Klebstreifens und dessen Ausbildung.

Show it ;

• FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a detail from a roof structure with and without using the drainage according to the invention,
• FIG. 2 shows a vertical section along the line 11-11 in FIG. 1 through a roof construction, in which the main planes of two panels abutting the same profile rail run in a common plane,
• Figure 3 is a representation analogous to Figure 2, but with the difference that the main planes of the two plates abutting the common rail run at an obtuse angle to each other, and
• Figure 4 is a perspective view of the procedure when attaching an adhesive tape and its formation.

In Figure 1, two first rails 1 and 2 are shown, which run in the direction of the slope and represent the so-called «rafters». These first profile rails run continuously within the section shown. Outside the cut-out there are further first profile rails, all of which run parallel to one another. Between the first profile rails there are second profile rails 3, 4 and 5, the so-called “rungs”, along a horizontal line.

Plates 6 and 7 are inserted between the above-mentioned rails, specifically the plates 6 are referred to as upper plates and the plates 7 are referred to as lower plates with respect to the second rails 3 to 5. The gradient (in the direction of line II-II) is, for example, between 15 and 30 degrees.

In the middle of FIG. 1 it is shown what happens when the horizontal profile rail 4 forms, together with the inclined profile rails 1 and 2, a retention basin for rainwater 8, which is accumulated in a wedge shape. After this rainwater has evaporated, a dirt rim 9 usually remains.

Figure 2 now shows on the basis of the second profile rail 4 how it is possible to prevent the backwater of the rainwater 8 and the dirt edge 9 in Figure 1: in the profile rail 4 (and equally naturally in the profile rails 3 and 5) there is a drainage channel 10, which is connected to the top 11 of the plate 6 located above the profile rail 4 via an inlet opening 12. One of the two outlet openings 10a is located on the rear end of the profile rail 4 and is only shown in broken lines. The outlet opening 10a leads into the inclined profile rail 1, in which there is of course a further drainage channel, not shown here.

As can be seen from FIG. 2, the inlet opening 12 is formed by a parallel gap running the length of the horizontal profile rail 4, the gap width “s” being smaller than the width of the drainage channel 10 and the inlet 13 leading to this drainage channel. In this way it is ensured that coarser impurities are prevented from penetrating into the drainage channel 10, but that smaller impurities which have penetrated, however, can flow off without hindrance.

According to Figure 2, the horizontal rail 4 consists of a thermally insulated composite profile. This is formed by a lower profile part 14 and an upper profile part 15. The lower profile part 14 has on its two longitudinal edges 16 and 17 grooves 18 and 19 for the form-fitting mounting of elastomeric sealing profiles 20 and 21, which in turn serve as a support for each of the plates 6 and 7.

The upper profile part 15 is connected to the lower profile part 14 via two heat-insulating spacers 22 and includes the drainage channel 10. Furthermore, the upper profile part 15 below the drainage channel 10 has an extension 15a, on which a drainage channel 10 and the lower edge of the upper plate 6 covering the end profile rail 23 is inserted by a so-called clip connection. This upper end profile rail 23 has at its free end two unspecified projections which determine the dimension “s” of the inlet opening 12 and between which there is a groove 24 into which a further sealing profile, not shown here, can be inserted.

This sealing profile should (if present) not close the inlet opening 12. Rather, the sealing profile in the form of short sections and at a distance from each other in the Groove 24 used so that a sufficient fixing of the plate 6 is possible without unduly blocking the inlet opening 12. As already said, it is sufficient that the residual water can drain off in a short time after the precipitation has ended.

In the extension 15a, a holding profile rail 25 covering the upper edge of the lower plate 7 is inserted at the bottom by means of an analog clip connection. This retaining profile rail 25 contains a further sealing profile 26 in a corresponding groove, by means of which the retaining profile rail is supported on the edge of the plate in a well-sealing manner via the sealing profile.

From Figure 2 it can also be seen that the lower edge of the upper plate 6 is connected to an inner wall surface of the drainage channel via an adhesive strip 27. The adhesive strip 27 is covered over most of its width by the end profile rail 23 in order to protect it as far as possible from harmful UV radiation.

The wall thickness of the adhesive strip is exaggerated; in practice it does not markedly narrow the dimension "s" of the inlet opening 12. The rainwater runs off the top of the adhesive strip 27 without having the opportunity to penetrate into the space 28 below, in which the connection points of the plate 6 and spacer blocks 29 are located, which absorb the thrust of the upper plate 6 and are against corresponding, Support unspecified projections of the profile parts 14 and 15 without hindering the ventilation of the joints of the plates.

It follows from FIG. 2 that the backflow of rainwater 8 shown in FIG. 1 (middle) is not possible, at least not over a long period of time, but that rainwater that has accumulated for a short time from the top 11 of the plate 6 unhindered via the inlet 13 into the Drainage channel 10 can enter and run from here.

In the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 3, the main planes of two plates 6 and 7 which abut the horizontal profile rail 4a from above and below run at an obtuse angle to one another. The profile rail 4a is correspondingly bent in cross section. In addition to Figure 2, the following is also shown:

The lower profile part 14a is of subdivided design, and in the region of its longitudinal edge 16 there is an insert profile 30 which essentially has the shape of an “L” in cross section and can be positively connected to the profile part 14a. A corresponding groove for the sealing profile 20 is in the present case in the insert profile 30, so that this is reliably held within the profile rail 4a by the bearing weight of the plate 6. Details are shown in Figure 4. The spacer blocks 29 are also present here.

As can be seen from FIG. 3, a side wall of the drainage channel 10 is formed there by the upstanding leg of the insert profile 30, which is inserted or snapped tightly into a groove 14b of the profile part 14a. The selected distances maintain the thermal resistance of the entire profile . In this case, the adhesive strip 27 is connected to the leg of the insert profile, the side wall of which simultaneously forms the one wall surface of the drainage channel 10. In this way, the rainwater is conducted over the room 28 analogously to FIG. The attachment of the adhesive strip 27 is also explained in more detail with reference to FIG. 4.

It is understood that in this case also the first profile rail 1a has a correspondingly bent course.

A completely analogous construction also results for a further, not shown second profile rail, which represents the lower end of the entire roof structure. Unless a free drain in a rain gutter is possible here, an analog profile rail can be provided at this point, in which only those parts are not available that allow the connection of a lower plate 7.

The adhesive tape can be a self-adhesive metal foil or a self-adhesive ceramic fleece which is provided with a protective foil in the manner specified. Such long-lasting adhesive tapes are commercially available today.

4 shows the insert profile 30, one leg 31 of which has the groove 18 for receiving the sealing profile 20, not shown, and lugs 33 and 34 for a clip connection with the groove 14b of the lower profile part 14a (FIG. 3).

In order to be able to attach the adhesive strip 27 easily, its protective film 27a or 27b is made divided in the region of the later kink (dividing line 27c). The adhesive strip is then attached if the end profile rail 23 and plate 6 are not yet present, by first removing the lower part 27a of the protective film and the adhesive strip 27 over part of its width with the inner wall surface of the drainage channel, ie. H. is connected to the upwardly projecting leg 32, the plate 6 shown in broken lines is then placed (using spacer blocks 29), the upper part 27b of the protective film is removed and the adhesive strip 27 is also folded down in the direction of arrow 35 with the lower edge the plate 6 connected so that the rectangular configuration of the adhesive strip 27 shown in Figure 3 results. The adhesive coating is indicated by the dotted areas.

Claims (6)

1. Roof construction with obliquely extending first profile sections (1, 2) and transparent panels (6, 7) set between said profile sections, said transparent panels presenting a downward slope and each being set on their horizontally extending lower edges in a respective second horizontal profile section (3, 4, 4a, 5), which are joined at both ends to respectively two of the obliquely extending first profile sections (1, 2) and having a drainage channel (10) for taking off water that penetrates from the upper surface (11) of the panel (6) situated above the profile section, the drainage channel (10) opening via at least one discharge opening (10a) into at least one of the obliquely extending profile sections (1, 2), characterised in that the drainage channel (10) permanently communicates via at least one defined inlet opening (12) with the upper surface (11) of the panel above, and that the lower rim of the respective upper panel (6) is connected via an adhesive strip (27) to one wall surface of the drainage channel (10).

2. Roof construction according to claim 1, characterised in that the inlet opening (12) is constituted by a parallel gap continuous over the length of the horizontal profile section (4).

3. Roof construction according to claim 1, characterised in that the adhesive strip (27) consists of a film with an adhesive coating (27a), which adheres partly on the panel rim and partly on the wall surface of the drainage channel (19), and that the adhesive strip is bent at an angle between the two adhering surfaces.

4. Roof construction according to claim 3, characterised in that over the majority of its width the adhesive strip (27) is covered by an end profile section (23).

5. Roof construction according to claim 1, characterised in that in the direction of the slope and beneath the drainage channel the horizontal profile section (3, 4, 5) has a continuation piece (15a), into which, upwardly, is set the end profile section (23) which covers the drainage channel (10) and the lower rim of the upper panel (6) and, downwardly, is set a retaining profile section (25) which covers the upper rim of the lower panel (7), said retaining profile section resting on the panel rim via a further profiled joint (26).

6. Roof construction according to claim 1, characterised in that the principal planes of two panels (6, 7) which are contiguous with the horizontal profile section (4a) from above and below extend towards one another at an obtuse angle (Fig. 3).

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