EP0201357A2 - Vakuumspinnen von Faserbündeln - Google Patents

Vakuumspinnen von Faserbündeln Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0201357A2
EP0201357A2 EP86303567A EP86303567A EP0201357A2 EP 0201357 A2 EP0201357 A2 EP 0201357A2 EP 86303567 A EP86303567 A EP 86303567A EP 86303567 A EP86303567 A EP 86303567A EP 0201357 A2 EP0201357 A2 EP 0201357A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fibers
shaft
vacuum
yarn
perforations
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP86303567A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0201357A3 (en
EP0201357B1 (de
Inventor
Danny R. Bradley
N. Page Hardy
Elbert Flemming Morrison
D.C. Reece
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Burlington Industries Inc
Original Assignee
Burlington Industries Inc
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US06/732,256 external-priority patent/US4635435A/en
Priority claimed from US06/732,319 external-priority patent/US4631912A/en
Priority claimed from US06/844,161 external-priority patent/US5103626A/en
Application filed by Burlington Industries Inc filed Critical Burlington Industries Inc
Publication of EP0201357A2 publication Critical patent/EP0201357A2/de
Publication of EP0201357A3 publication Critical patent/EP0201357A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0201357B1 publication Critical patent/EP0201357B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
    • D02G3/36—Cored or coated yarns or threads
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
    • D01H7/00—Spinning or twisting arrangements
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
    • D01H1/00—Spinning or twisting machines in which the product is wound-up continuously
    • D01H1/11—Spinning by false-twisting
    • D01H1/115—Spinning by false-twisting using pneumatic means

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the vacuum spinning of fasciated yarn.
  • US-A-4507913 there are disclosed methods and apparatus for efficiently and effectively producing yarn having properties approaching those of ring spun yarn, but at much greater speeds.
  • the basic technique disclosed in the patent is known as "vacuum spinning", and has a number of advantages compared to conventional techniques.
  • ring spinning equipment has made up approximately 90 percent of all spinning equipment.
  • several new high speed procedures have recently been utilized including open end spinning, friction spinning, hollow core spinning, and air jet spinning. None of these new commercial systems has been successiveful in the production of long staple yarn, however, especially for apparel fabrics.
  • vaccum spinning is capable of producing long staple yarn suitable for use in apparel fabrics, the yarn approaching the properties of ring spun yarn.
  • Vacuum spinning has a number, of advantages compared to conventional ring spinning. These include the following. Productivity can be expected to be at least 6-8 times that of commercial ring spinning. Despite this increased productivity, the properties of the yarn are more like ring spun yarn than open end air jet type yarns. The horsepower per pound of yarn produced is considerably less than that for air jet spinning using compressed air.
  • Vacuum spinning lends itself to automatic end piece-up, automatic slubbing, automatic adaptation, the production of large delivery packages, and the utilization of large supply packages (e.g. 25 lb. (11 kg) cans of sliver).
  • a wide count range can be provided on long staple yarns, at least 1/8's to 1/60's on 55 percent polyester/45 percent wool, and at least 1/8's to 1/40's on 100 percent wool. There are lower labour costs per kilogramme of yarn produced compared to ring spun yarn.
  • apparatus for forming yarn comprising an elongate hollow shaft having a first end and a second end, a through-extending passageway from the first end to the second end, at least a portion of the entire circumference of the shaft being perforated by perforations; means for mounting said shaft for rotation about an axis; means for rotating said shaft about its axis; means for passing textile fibers through the through-extending passageway of said shaft linearly, generally along the axis of rotation thereof, the fibers being fed into the first end thereof; means for applying a vacuum to the exterior of said shaft so that at least some of the fibers or free ends of fibers passing through said shaft will draw toward the perforations and will be caused to rotate with said shaft as said fibers move linearly generally along the axis of rotation; means for withdrawing formed yarn from the second end of said shaft, opposite said first end thereof, characterised by means provided between the first end and second end of said shaft for allowing free fiber movement so that at least some of the fibers or free ends of fibers adjacent
  • a method of spinning yarn comprising the steps of drafting a sliver of fibers so as to produce a drafted sliver; and feeding the drafted sliver in a linear direction A in a fiber mass, characterised by the steps of passing the fiber mass into the interior of a hollow shaft rotatable about an axis generally coincident with the direction A, the shaft having perforations along the circumference of a portion thereof, and having an enlarged interior chamber at the perforations; applying a vacuum to the circumferential exterior of the perforated portion of the shaft sufficent to attract some of the fiber mass inside the shaft toward the shaft interior surface; and rotating the shaft at high speed so that the ends of certain of the fibers interior of the shaft rotate with the shaft as they are moving in the direction A and so that those ends extend into the enlarged interior chamber so as to ultimately wrap around other portions of the fiber.mass, to produce a final yarn.
  • Advantages of the invention are that it lends itself to high draft ratios (e.g. 10-80); it can be modified to run both long and short staple yarns; and it can make yarn having either "S" or "Z” twist.
  • a number of unique novelty yarns can be produced.
  • the apparatus is simple and easy to maintain, and the noise level can be controlled by locating the vacuum pump in a separate location, to thereby ensure compliance with OSHA regulations.
  • the apparatus runs cleanly since the vacuum automatically removes lint fly, and like contaminants, and oily waste is not introduced. Waste is reduced due to draft zone stoppage on end breaks, with a reduction in end breakage of about 400 percent compared to ring spinning since there is no tension in the yarn. Also thread-up of the broken ends can be accomplished with minimum operator intervention.
  • the apparatus can be run using higher weight sliver (e.g. 55 grains per yarn compared to 35-40 grains per yarn which is conventional), and carpet yarn can be produced too by lengthening the draft zone and providing a larger nozzle.
  • Yarn steaming may not be required for most counts-blends for handling, although it may be required for uniform dyeability, and steaming is easy to effect.
  • the yarn produced by the apparatus and method of the present invention includes core fibers and wrapper fibers.
  • the wrapper fibers are predominantly individual fibers, although there are some groups of wrapper fibers.
  • the groups of wrapper fibers appear as non-uniform, non-consistent fiber groupings, and provide a relatively smooth surface.
  • the core fibers on the other hand, are essentially parallel with the wrapper fibers uniformly distributed therearound.
  • the fasciated yarn thus looks most like ring spun yarn of the commonly known yarns, although it is distinct in appearance from ring spun yarn too. For instance the yarn looks more like ring spun yarn than core spun, open-end, Murata jet spun, Toray, or DREF II prior art yarns.
  • the fasciated yarn as set forth above includes essentially parallel core staple fibers. There is a uniform distribution of staple fiber wrapper fibers aroung the core fibers, the wrapper fibers being wrapped at a helix angle of about 30°, and with about 20-30 percent of the fiber mass comprising wrapper fibers.
  • the fasciated yarn can also be described as a yarn having a core of essentially parallel staple fibers with the wrapped staple fibers disposed around the core forming a helix angle in the range of about 30-50 0 , and the wrapped fibers are devoid of tucked or reverse wrapped fibers and are essentially devoid of auger or corkscrew appearing wrapped fibers. Rather the wrapped fibers have a smooth appearance.
  • the fasciated yarn can be produced with the predominant proportion of staple fibers of the core and covering as non-thermoplastic staple fibers. While the predominant proportion of the core and wrapped fibers can be selected from the group consisting of cotton, wool. rayon, mohair, flax. ramie, silk and blends thereof, the yarn also can be constructed using some, or all, thermoplstic fiber, such as acrylic, polyester, and other thermoplastic fibers or blends thereof.
  • the yarn produced by the apparatus and method of the present invention has surprising and desirable strength. For instance yarn produced from a 1/18's count of 45 pecent polyester and 55 percent wool will have a minimum gram break strength of about 500, while yarn with the same count made of 100 percent wool will have a minimum gram break strength of at least about 175. Thus, even when made from 100 percent wool the yarn is suitable for making apparel fabrics.
  • the apparatus and method acccording to the present application also have basically all the same advantages described about with respect to vacuum spinning in general. Additionally, in the production of yarn from roving it is possible to construct the "nozzle" of the vacuum spinning apparatus in a simpler and more advantageous manner. By providing an interioir generally conically shaped vacuum resevoir, instead of a spherical vacuum reservoir, ease of production is faciliated and a yarn having a slightly better break strength can be produced.
  • the particular "nozzle" for producing yarn having good strength properties directly from sliver preferably includes a generally conically shaped interior chamber.
  • the perforations in communication with the interior chamber are generally wedge-shaped, and the size of the interior passageway in the shaft adjacent the first end thereof is very large compared to the diamter of the shaft passageway betwenn the interior chamber and the second end of the shaft, and may have the shape of a right circular cone frustum.
  • the interior chamber is dimensioned so that it is large enough to allow free fiber movement so that the fibers will be lifted up and wrap around a core of the fiber mass more securely; however the interior should not be so big the the fibers will be pulled through the perforations by the vacuum source.
  • the perforations and the passageway between the first end of the shaft and the perforations are dimensioned so that optimal wrapping action can be achieved. That is, the dimensions are large enough so that they allow sufficient air flow that they do not prevent the attainment of optimal fiber wrapping action. In this way optimal wrap for any given application may be achieved.
  • Initial threading can be provided in an efficient semi-automatic preocedure utilizing a vacuum tube mounted for rotation with respect to a vacuum reservoir so that the second end of the tube is movable from a first, inoperative, position wherein it is spaced from the opening, to a second, operative, position wherein it is in operative communication with the opening so that a vacuum is drawn through the tube first end into the reservoir and to the source of vacuum.
  • the axis of rotation of the tube is generally parallel to the axis of rotation of the elongate shaft of the vacuum spinning apparatus, so that when the tube is rotated into its second, operative, position, the first end of the tube is immediately adjacent the second end of the elongate shaft so that it sucks the connected fibers within the shaft all the way through to the end thereof.
  • Preferably means are provided responsive to rotation of the vacuum tube from its first to its second positions for cutting out the vacuum applied to the exterior of the elongate shaft when the vacuum tube is moved toward its second position.
  • the basic vacuum spinning apparatus 14 illustrated in Figure 9 is similar to that shown in US-A-4507913.
  • the apparatus 14 comprises an outer housing 16, of metal, ceramic, or the like, which is operatively connected up through integral nipple 17 to a vacuum source 18, such as a vacuum pump which provides 20 inches of mercury at 19 cfm (or more).
  • the interior of the housing 16 is hollow.
  • the interior "nozzle" of the apparatus 14 is indicated generally by reference numeral 20, and includes a first end 21 thereof and a second end 22. At the second end 22 a gear 24 is mounted, which is connected to appropriate other gears and drives (not shown) for effecting rotation of the "nozzle” 20.
  • the drives can rotate the "nozzle” 20 either clockwise or counterclockwise to provide either a Z or S twist, as desired.
  • a sliver S passs through the nip of the front feed rolls 26, and the produced yarn Y exits from the second end 22 of the apparatus 14.
  • a "nozzle” 20 for the production of yarn from sliver is shown in detail in Figure 10.
  • the "nozzle” 20 comprises an elongate hollow shaft 30 having a first end 21 and a second end 22.
  • a through-extending passageway goes from the end 21 to the end 22.
  • the passageway includes a first portion 31 adjacent the first end 21, an interior chamber portion 32 close to, but spaced from, the first end 21, and a third portion 33 that extends from the portion 32 all the way to the second end 22.
  • the diamteter of the portion 33 is 1/16th of an inch, and is substantially constant.
  • bearings 35, 36 are provided.
  • An annular shaped flange 37 extends outwardly from,, and is integral with, the shaft 30 adjacent the end 22 and the bearing 36 abuts the flange 37.
  • the exterior cylindrical surface 38 of the shaft 30 the gear 24 is press-fit so that rotation of the gear 24 effects rotation of the shaft 30.
  • the shaft 30 illustraded in Figure 10 is one that is particularly adapted for forming yarn Y from a sliver, rather than from a roving.
  • the production of yarn directly from sliver, instead of from roving of course has a number of advantages since it essentially eliminates a step (and the associated equipment for performing the step) in the yarn formation process. It has been found that in the production of yarn from sliver, instead of from a roving, it is necessary to maximise the air flow from the first end 21 to the vacuum source 18, while still providing a restricted enough path for the movement of the fibers so that they are not pulled out of the shaft 30 by the vacuum.
  • this maximized air flow is provided by making the dimensions of the first passageway section 31 very large compared to the section 33, and providing perforations 40 that have a total effective area generally comparable to the effective operative area of flow in the passageway section 31, so that optimum wrap of fibers is achieved.
  • the passageway section 31 is substantially circular in cross- section, and for the embodiment illustrated in Figure 10 has a diameter of about 0.387 inches, with the outside diameter of the shaft 30 at that point being about 0.5 inches.
  • the intermediate portion 32 of the passageway has a generally conical configuration, in essence having the configuration of a right circular cone.
  • the passageway portion 32 is dimensioned so that it comprises a means for allowing free fiber movement therewithin, so that the fibers can be lifted up a substantial distance to wrap around the core during the production of the yarn Y from sliver S.
  • the passageway sections 31, 32 may be formed as follows:
  • Passageway section 33 if formed merely by concentrically penetrating the end 22 with a 1/16 inch drill, and drilling all the way to the preformed passageway portion 32.
  • Typical other dimensions of the shaft 30 are as follows: the distance 42 equals about 3/8 inch; the diameter of the end 22 is about 0.503 inches; the thickness of the flange 37 is about 0.125 inches; the diameter of the portion recieving the bearing 36 is about 0.501 inches; and the length of the shaft 30 from the begining of the flange 37 is about 1.5625 inches.
  • the perforations 40 are preferably four in number, and are evenly spaced around the periphery of the shaft 30.
  • Each perofration 40 is generally wedge-shaped.
  • the width of each of the perforations 40 at the exterior surface of the shaft 30, which width is indicated generally by reference numeral 46, is about 34 inches.
  • Each of the perforations 40 is formed by drilling an opening from the circumference to the passageway section 32 with a 3/32 inch drill at about a 34° angle, and then reaming to the vertical to form the surface 48 which is essentially perpendicular to an extension of the passageway third portion 33.
  • the results achieved by providing the face 48 generally perpendicular to the passageway section 33 are significantly improved compared to the situation where the 3/32 inch hole is drilled at a 34 0 angle and there is no reaming.
  • FIG. 11 through 15 Other illustrative configurations of nozzles which may be utilized according to the present invention are illustrated in Figures 11 through 15. While all of these nozzles are useful in forming yarn, it will be seen from the comparative test results for these nozzles that some produce yarn having significantly better properties than others.
  • the nozzle 120 illustrated in Figure 11 has a generally constant 1/8 inch diameter through-extending passageway 133, with four rows of 1/16 inch diameter perforations 140 each at a 90 0 angle to the passageway 133.
  • the nozzle 220 in Figure 12 has a constant 1/8 inch diameter through-extending passageway 233 with four perforations 140 each 1/16 inch in diameter and angled in the direction of the second end 222.
  • the nozzle 320 illustrated in Figure 13 has a passageway portion 333 communicating with the second end 322 thereof that is 1/16 inch in diameter. Adjacent the first end 321 thereof the passageway portion 331 is about 1/8 inch in diameter. Between the passageway portions 331, 333, is a 1/4 inch diameter spherical vacuum reservoir 332, with four 1/16 inch diameter angled perforations 340 extending outwardly from the reservoir 332.
  • the nozzle 420 of Figure 14 has a passageway portion 433 that is 1/16 inch in diameter, and a passageway portion 431 which is 1/8 inch in diameter.
  • the passageway portion 432 may be considered a vacuum reservoir, and has a conical shape.
  • Four 1/16 inch angled perforations 440 are provided in communication with the reservoir 432.
  • the Figure 15 nozzle 520 is essentially identical to the nozzle 20 illustrated in Figure 10 (note that the showing in Figure 15-is schematic), except that the entire passageway section 531 has the shape of a cone frustum, and the shape of the passageway section 532 --- and the exact points that the perforations-40 come off of it --- are slightly different.
  • the nozzles illustrated in Figures 11 through 14 are suitable for use in forming yarn from roving, but do not form particularly strong or useful yarns from a sliver.
  • the nozzles 520 of Figure 15, and 20 of Figure 10 are capable of forming strong yarns from sliver, having an increased total air flow from the first end thereof through the perforations to the vacuum source 18.
  • the middle sections of the passageways (32,532) allow free fiber movement so that the fibers will be lifted up and wrap around the core more securely., However the passageways 32, 532 are not so big that the fibers will be pulled through the perforations 40, 540 by the vacuum from source 18.
  • the perforations collectively have effective cross-sectional areas relative to the effective cross-sectional area of the passageway section between the first end of the shaft and the perforations so that the dimensions of the perforations and passageway section are not a limiting factor in attaining optimal wrapping action of the fibers. In this way optimal wrap for any given application may be achived.
  • the generally conically shaped passageway section (vacuum reservoir) 432 of the Figure 14 nozzle achieves a yarn of higher break strength than for the spherical vacuum reservoir 332, 432 also have other functions, such as providing a chamber (volume) for raial deflection of the fibers so that the wrapping function is facilitated.
  • the apparatus thus includes an elongate hollow shaft 30 having first end 21 and a second end 22, with a through-extending passageway 31, 32, 33. A least a portion of the entire circumference is perforated, by perforations 40.
  • Means for mounting the shaft for rotation comprise the bearings 35, 36 and the housing 16 and means for rotating the shaft.about its axis comprise the gear 24 and associated powered components (not shown).
  • the feed rolls 26, and other components comprise means for passing textile fibers S through the passageway 31-33 of the shaft 30, linearly, generally along the axis of rotation thereof, the fibers being fed into the first end 21.
  • the source 18 applies a vacuum to the exterior of the shaft 30 so that at least some of the fibers are free ends of fibers passing through the shaft will draw toward the shaft perforations 40, and will be caused to rotate with the shaft as the fibers move linearly generally along the axis of rotation, the passageway portion 32 allowing sufficient volume for the fibers to lift and wrap around the core.
  • Withdrawing rollers or like conventional components are provided as means for withdrawing the formed yarn Y from the end 22. Utilizing the embodiment illustrated in Figures 10 and 15, it is possible to make yarn having properties approaching that of ring spun yarn directly from sliver.
  • the yarn produced according to the present invention has a break strength comparable to a break strength of at least 500 gram break strength denier for a yarn produced from 1/18's count fibers of 55 percent polyester and 45 percent wool. Tests were also conducted utilizing a nozzle like that of Figure 17 only having the actual chamber construction like that of chamber 646 of Figure 18.
  • the nozzle 620 of Figure 16 has a passageway portion 624 communicatinf with a second end thereof, and a passageway portion 621 communicating with a first end thereof. Between the passageway portions 621, 624 a 1/4 inch diameter spherical vacuum reservoir 622 is provided with four 1/16 inch diameter angled perforations 623 extending outwardly from the reservoir 622.
  • the nozzle 630 has a first passageway section 631 that has the shape of a cone frustum and a second passagway section 634 that is comparable to the passageway 624 of the
  • Figure 16 It also has an intermediate passageway portion 632 that may be considered a vacuum reservoir, which has a conical shape, with four 1/16 inch angled perforations 633 in communication therewith.
  • the nozzle 640 of Figure 18 includes the first conical passageway portion 641, a second portion 644 comparable to the passageway portion 624 of the Figure 16 embodiment, and a pair of passageway portions 642, 646 each which are generally conical in shape and have four 1/16 inch angled perforations 643, 647, repectively extending outwardly therefrom.
  • a fasciated yarn consisting of staple fibers including core fibers and wrapper fibers.
  • the wrapper fibers are predominantly individual fibers although there are some groups of wrapper fibers.
  • the groups of wrapper fibers appear as non-uniform, non-consistent fiber groupings and provide a relatively smooth surface.
  • the core fibers are essentially parallel with the wraper fibers uniformly distributed therearound.
  • the core fibers have the same dyeability as the wrapper fibers.
  • FIG. 1 Another way that the yarn of Figures 1 and 2 can be described is a fasciatd yarn having essentially parallel core staple fibers and having a uniform distribution of staple wrapper fibers around th core fibers.
  • the wrapper fibers are wrapped at a helix angle of about 30° (e.g. within the range of about 30-50°), and about 20-30 percent of the fiber mass comprises wrapper fibers.
  • the wrapped fibers are devoid of tucked or reverse wrapped fibers and are essentially devoid of auger or corkscrew appearing wrapped fibers, rather having a smooth appearance.
  • the core spun yarn of Figure 3 has core fibers which are parallel with a filament yarn twisted (a true twist) around the mass of yarn for strength. This is not a fasciated yarn.
  • the open end yarn of Figure 4 also has true twist, with a surface dotted with wrapper fibers loose around the mass. Again this is not a fasciated yarn.
  • the MJS air spun yarn of Figure 6 is the next closest to ring spun yarn (that is next closest with vacuum spun yarn being the closest) of the known spun yarns.
  • the MJS yarn has fibers wrapped at approximately a 55° angle showing a small amount of twist in the core fibers. The percentage of wrapped fibers is approximately 10 percent.
  • the wrapper fibers are more or'less in the form of individual fibers.
  • the Toray yarn of Figure 7 has wrapper fibers which are disposed at approximately a 45° angle and appear to be buried deeper into the core fibers than for the other yarns, causing a corkscrew appearance.
  • the surface fibers tend to be tangled in the fiber mass similar to Taslan yarns. Approximately 20 percent of the fibers are wrapped surface fibers.
  • the auger or corkscrew look of the Toray yarn is vastly different than the smooth appearance of vacuum spun yarn.
  • the DREF II yarn of Figure 8 is friction spun yarn with true twist and without any surface wrapped fibers. This yarn is also not a fasciated yarn.
  • the fasciated yarn can be made from 100 percent non-thermoplastic staple fibers. That is at least the predominant portion of the staple fibers forming the fasciated yarn can be selected from the group consisting of cotton, mohair, flax, ramie, silk, wool, rayon, and blends thereof.
  • the fasciated yarn is not restrticted to non-thermoplastic fibers, but also can be produced from, or from blends of (with non-thermoplastic fibers) acrylic, polyester, and other fibers.
  • vacuum spun yarn has many differences compared to-other known fasciated yarns. Some properties of vacuum spun yarns that are not true of all other fasciated yarns are as follows: Vacuum spun yarn does not require thermoplastic fibers, the wrapped fibers can be the same as the core (not fused by heat), the yarns will dye the same since the molecular structure thereof is not changed (the core and surface fibers have the ame dyeability),and the wrapped fibers are laid parallel and not looped over each other in a non-uniform pattern.
  • the apparatus and method described above provide a yarn suitable for making apparel fabric, comprising a fasciated yarn which has good strength and appearence properties, and most closely simulates ring spun yarn, yet which can be produced at much higher speed than ring spun yarn and with fewer steps.
  • a yarn suitable for making apparel fabric comprising a fasciated yarn which has good strength and appearence properties, and most closely simulates ring spun yarn, yet which can be produced at much higher speed than ring spun yarn and with fewer steps.
  • first the staple fibers are blended, gilled, combed, gilled four times, used to produce a roving, spun, wound, and then put to an end use.
  • Vacuum spun yarn of the other hand, made form long staple fibers is produced as follows: the fibers are blended, gilled, combed, gilled three times, vcuum spun, and then put to the end use.
  • the invention also contemplates a vacuum mechanism for threading the vacuum spinning apparatus, which can be seen in Figures 19-23.
  • conventional components of the vacuum spinning apparatus 714 include the housing 716 and an elongate hollow shaft 718 having a first end 719 thereof and a second end 720, with a through-extending passageway 721 (see Figure 20) from the first end 719 to the second end 720. At least a portion of the circumference of the shaft 718 is perforated, as by perforations 722 (see Figure 20), which typically would comprise four perforations equally spaced around the circumference of the shaft 718.
  • the shaft 718 is mounted for rotation about an axis A-A, as by bearing means (shown schematically at 724 in Figure 20) extending between the shaft 718 and the housing 716.
  • the housing 716 is connected up, through conduit 726 and valve 727 (see Figure 19) to a source of vacuum 728, such as a conventional vacuum pump.
  • a source of vacuum 728 such as a conventional vacuum pump.
  • the shaft is rotated about the axis A-A by a motor 729, or like power source, which is operatively connected to that shaft 718 through gear 730 or a like standard drive structure such as a pulley or sprocket.
  • drafting apparatus In typical use of the vacuum spinning apparatus 714, drafting apparatus (not shown) nips a sliver or roving S and feeds the textile fibers of the sliver or roving S (including through a set of feed rolls 732) to the first end 719 of the shaft 718.
  • the vacuum that is applied to the circumferential exterior of the shaft 718 causes an air flow from the first end 719, and through the perforations 722, so that at least some of the fibers or free ends of fibers passing through the shaft will draw toward the shaft perforations 722, and will be caused to rotate with the shaft as the fibers move linearly generally along the axis of rotation A-A.
  • a conventional take-up mechanism such as the take-up cone 734 shown schematically in Figures 19 and 23.
  • the threading apparatus is shown generally by reference numeral 740 in Figures 21 through 23.
  • a first major component of the apparatus 740 is the vacuum reservoir 742, which has walls including a front end wall 744.
  • the reservoir 742 is operatively connected to the cource of vacuum 728, as through a conventional conduit means 743.
  • the second major component of the apparatus 740 comprises a vacuum tube 745.
  • the vacuum tube has an open first end 746, and an open second end 747.
  • the apparatus 740 also comprises means for defining an opening 749 in the reservoir wall 744, and means for mounting the tube 745 for rotation.
  • the means for mounting the tube 745 for rotation comprises the cylinder 750 having a shaft 751 extending outwardly therefrom generally parallel to the second end 747 of the vacuum tube 745, and concentric with the cylinder 750.
  • the shaft 751 passes through bearing opening 753 in the reservoir wall 744, and the free end of the shaft 751 is held within the reservoir 742 by the E-clip 754, or a like attachment mechanism.
  • the vacuum tube 745 has a substantially straight central portion 756, a first end portion 757 which contains the first end opening 746 and which is generally perpendicular to the portion 756, and a second end portion 758 containing the second end opening 747 which is also generally perpendicular to the central portion 756 and generally parallel to the first end portion 757.
  • the second end portion 758 is mounted within the cylinder 750 so that it is off-center; i.e. so that the second end opening 747 is radially spaced from the shaft 751, as seen in Figure 22.
  • the cylinder 750, shaft 751, bearing opening 753, and like components comprising means for mounting the tube 745 for rotation, mount the tube 745 for rotation with respect to the vacuum reservoir 742, about the axis B-B, so that the tube 745 is moved from a first, inoperative, position (see Figures 21 through 23) wherein it is not in operative communication with the reservoir 742, to a second, operative position (dotted line position in Figure 22, and the position shown in Figures 19 and 20) wherein it is in operative communication with the reservoir 742 due to the fact that the second end opening 747 of the vacuum tube is aligned with the opening 749 in the vacuum reservoir wall 744.
  • the vacuum pulled by vacuum source 728 causes air flow through the first open end 746 of the vacuum tube 745, all the way through the vacuum tube 745, and through the opening 749 into the reservoir 742, and then ultimately through conduit 743 to the vacuum source 728.
  • Suitable stop mechanisms may be provided on the cylinder 750 and the vacuum reservoir 742 to stop the rotation of the vacuum tube 745 in the operative position wherein the openings 747, 749 are aligned.
  • spring means such as a torsion spring connected betwee the shaft 751 and the reservoir wall 744 within the reservoir 742, may be provided to bias the tube 745 to its inoperative position.
  • the switch 761 may be a mercury switch mounted on the tube 45, a reed switch mounted within cylinder 750 and cooperating with a magnet associated with reservoir wall 744, or any of a wide variety of other commercially available structures.
  • the electrical switch 761 is operatively connected to a source of electrical power 762, and to a conventional solenoid operator 73 for the valve 727.
  • the axis of rotation B-B of the vacuum tube 745 is preferably mounted so that it is parallel to, but horizontally spaced from, the axis of rotation A-A of the hollow shaft 718. Also the vacuum tube 745 is mounted so that it does not interfere with the take-up cone 734, or like take-up mechanism.
  • connected fibers F are fed into the first end 719 of the hollow shaft 718.
  • the connected fibers F would be roving or sliver itself, which may not have been subjected to a drafting operation.
  • the vacuum tube 745 is manually engaged by the operator and moved from its inoperative position ( Figures 21 and 23 and the solid line position in Figue 22) to an operative position ( Figures 19 and 20 and dotted line in Figure 22), tube 745 rotating about the shaft 51 and axis B-B so that the first open end 746 thereof is adjacent the second end 720 of the shaft 718, and in alignment with the passageway 721.
  • the tube 745 In this position the tube 745 is operatively connected through openings 747 and 749, and vacuum reservoir 742, to the vacuum source 728, and the tube 745 sucks the connected fibers F so that a segment thereof is pulled all the way through the passageway 721 (see Figure 20).
  • the switch 761 is closed and the valve 727 closed in response to the switch closure.
  • the vacuum tube 745 is moved back to its inoperative position. Then the segment of connected fibers, a portion of which extends outwardly from the second end 720 of the shaft 718, is operatively connected to the take-up cone 734, or a like take-up mechanism.
  • the the motor 729 is started and the vacuum spinning operation utilizing the apparatus 714 begins.
  • motor 729 may continue to drive the shaft 718 as rethreading is effected.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Spinning Or Twisting Of Yarns (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
EP86303567A 1985-05-09 1986-05-09 Vakuumspinnen von Faserbündeln Expired - Lifetime EP0201357B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US06/732,256 US4635435A (en) 1984-12-03 1985-05-09 Vacuum spinning from sliver
US732319 1985-05-09
US06/732,319 US4631912A (en) 1985-05-09 1985-05-09 Initial threading for vacuum spinning
US732256 1985-05-09
US844161 1986-03-26
US06/844,161 US5103626A (en) 1984-12-03 1986-03-26 Fasciated yarn structure made by vacuum spinning

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0201357A2 true EP0201357A2 (de) 1986-11-12
EP0201357A3 EP0201357A3 (en) 1987-12-09
EP0201357B1 EP0201357B1 (de) 1991-08-21

Family

ID=27419165

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86303567A Expired - Lifetime EP0201357B1 (de) 1985-05-09 1986-05-09 Vakuumspinnen von Faserbündeln

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0201357B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH07100886B2 (de)
KR (1) KR860009164A (de)
CN (1) CN1021065C (de)
BR (1) BR8602073A (de)
CA (1) CA1317169C (de)
DE (1) DE3680706D1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2222836A (en) * 1988-09-16 1990-03-21 Haigh Chadwick Ltd Producing textile fibre strand
EP2563959A1 (de) * 2010-04-30 2013-03-06 Deutsche Institute für Textil- und Faserforschung Denkendorf Hybridgarn zur herstellung von formteilen

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100403483B1 (ko) * 2000-11-14 2003-11-01 한국섬유기술연구소 링 정방기의 실 잔털 발생 감소방법 및 장치
CN103938327B (zh) * 2014-03-27 2016-03-30 吴江明佳织造有限公司 双支管包缠纱供纱气管
CN104099721A (zh) * 2014-06-16 2014-10-15 浙江新澳纺织股份有限公司 一种新型的羊毛与化纤混纺纱的蒸纱方法

Citations (8)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2062273B2 (de) * 1969-12-30 1975-05-07 Hercules Inc., Wilmington, Del. (V.St.A.) Vorrichtung zum Verschlingen von Fäden In multifilen Garnen
DE2921515A1 (de) * 1978-06-12 1979-12-20 Elitex Zavody Textilniho Spindelloses spinnverfahren zur herstellung von garnen und vorrichtung zum durchfuehren des verfahrens
DE3303686A1 (de) * 1982-02-03 1983-08-18 Murata Kikai K.K., Kyoto Verfahren und vorrichtung zum spinnen eines fadens
US4468921A (en) * 1982-07-01 1984-09-04 Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd. Air nozzle for producing fancy yarn
JPS59179829A (ja) * 1983-03-30 1984-10-12 Toyoda Autom Loom Works Ltd 結束紡積用空気仮撚ノズルへの糸切れ糸端の插通方法
JPS59192730A (ja) * 1983-04-15 1984-11-01 Toyoda Autom Loom Works Ltd 結束紡績装置における糸継ぎ方法
US4507913A (en) * 1982-06-07 1985-04-02 Burlington Industries, Inc. Vacuum spinning
EP0184277A2 (de) * 1984-12-03 1986-06-11 Burlington Industries, Inc. Vakuumspinnen

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5529174A (en) * 1978-08-23 1980-03-01 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Manufacturing of triac

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2062273B2 (de) * 1969-12-30 1975-05-07 Hercules Inc., Wilmington, Del. (V.St.A.) Vorrichtung zum Verschlingen von Fäden In multifilen Garnen
DE2921515A1 (de) * 1978-06-12 1979-12-20 Elitex Zavody Textilniho Spindelloses spinnverfahren zur herstellung von garnen und vorrichtung zum durchfuehren des verfahrens
DE3303686A1 (de) * 1982-02-03 1983-08-18 Murata Kikai K.K., Kyoto Verfahren und vorrichtung zum spinnen eines fadens
US4507913A (en) * 1982-06-07 1985-04-02 Burlington Industries, Inc. Vacuum spinning
US4468921A (en) * 1982-07-01 1984-09-04 Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd. Air nozzle for producing fancy yarn
JPS59179829A (ja) * 1983-03-30 1984-10-12 Toyoda Autom Loom Works Ltd 結束紡積用空気仮撚ノズルへの糸切れ糸端の插通方法
JPS59192730A (ja) * 1983-04-15 1984-11-01 Toyoda Autom Loom Works Ltd 結束紡績装置における糸継ぎ方法
EP0184277A2 (de) * 1984-12-03 1986-06-11 Burlington Industries, Inc. Vakuumspinnen

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
E. OXTOBY "Spun Yarn Technology" 1987, Butterworths, London p. 170,( jet spinning ) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, vol. , no. 36 (C-266)[1759], 15th February 1985; & JP - A - 59 179 829 (TOYODA JIDO SHOKKI SEISAKUSHO) 12-10-1984 *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, vol. 9, no. 52 (C-269)[1775], 6th March 1985; & JP - A - 59 192 730 (TOYODA JIDO SHOKKI SEISAKUSHO) 01-11-1984 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2222836A (en) * 1988-09-16 1990-03-21 Haigh Chadwick Ltd Producing textile fibre strand
EP2563959A1 (de) * 2010-04-30 2013-03-06 Deutsche Institute für Textil- und Faserforschung Denkendorf Hybridgarn zur herstellung von formteilen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA1317169C (en) 1993-05-04
JPH07100886B2 (ja) 1995-11-01
EP0201357A3 (en) 1987-12-09
CN86103633A (zh) 1987-02-11
BR8602073A (pt) 1987-01-06
DE3680706D1 (de) 1992-09-17
KR860009164A (ko) 1986-12-20
JPS61275435A (ja) 1986-12-05
CN1021065C (zh) 1993-06-02
EP0201357B1 (de) 1991-08-21

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