EP0199706B1 - Procédé et dispositif pour éviter le bosselage de rails dans la zone de transition entre l'extrémité et le profil de l'aiguille - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour éviter le bosselage de rails dans la zone de transition entre l'extrémité et le profil de l'aiguille Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0199706B1
EP0199706B1 EP86890076A EP86890076A EP0199706B1 EP 0199706 B1 EP0199706 B1 EP 0199706B1 EP 86890076 A EP86890076 A EP 86890076A EP 86890076 A EP86890076 A EP 86890076A EP 0199706 B1 EP0199706 B1 EP 0199706B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rail
heat treatment
tongue
temperature
rails
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP86890076A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0199706A2 (fr
EP0199706A3 (en
Inventor
Franz Dipl.-Ing. Rotter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Voestalpine Turnout Technology Zeltweg GmbH
Original Assignee
Voestalpine AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Voestalpine AG filed Critical Voestalpine AG
Publication of EP0199706A2 publication Critical patent/EP0199706A2/fr
Publication of EP0199706A3 publication Critical patent/EP0199706A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0199706B1 publication Critical patent/EP0199706B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/04—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rails

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the heat treatment of rails in the transition region between the tongue end and standard rail profile, the rail being heated above the austenitizing temperature and subsequently cooled in still air, and to an apparatus for carrying out this method.
  • the tongue rail end is usually bulged onto the Vignol rail profile by hot-forming in the die.
  • the heating to the forming temperature required for this takes place in special annealing furnaces, the rails being inserted into the furnace to a corresponding length.
  • the agglomeration process is usually divided into three work stages, between which reheating to the forming temperature is required.
  • a temperature transition area is created in the profile towards the cold rail end, which results in a metallurgical change in the material structure.
  • This structural change which occurs in particular in a temperature range of 750 to 760 ° C for pearlitic rail steel, has a kind of soft annealing effect. The longer the rail steel is in this temperature range, the greater this soft annealing effect and thus the decrease in strength.
  • the length of the structural change zone is directly dependent on the forming temperature and the duration of the hot forming process.
  • the drop in strength of the hardness trough reaches orders of magnitude of 150 to 200 N / mm 2 , and the wheel overflow results in a dent length which is in a range of approximately 120 mm. Dents can only be prevented if the length range in which a drop in hardness or a hardness trough is observed is limited to approximately 30 mm, since then plastic deformation due to Hertzian surface pressure depending on the wheel diameter and thus a dent formation is reliably prevented. If the structure change zone is limited to such lengths, the support of the edge zone structure is sufficient to avoid plastic deformation.
  • DE-AS 25 41 978 already shows a process in which rails are heat-treated for the purpose of forming a fine pearlitic structure.
  • the heating covers the entire length of the rail, using a continuous process.
  • cooling is carried out in a controlled manner using compressed air or compressed air with a liquid medium.
  • the method according to the invention essentially consists in that the heat treatment is carried out simultaneously with or immediately after the hot forming of the tongue rail end and that the transition region is heated to a depth of at least 7 mm and at most 25 mm and that the heat treatment is controlled so that the length of the structural change zone formed by reshaping the tongue is kept less than 30 mm in the longitudinal direction of the rail.
  • This heat treatment restores the original state of the pearlitic structure, the selected depth of penetration being chosen with a view to the fact that the maximum stress is usually about 7 mm below the workpiece surface.
  • An essential factor for heat treatment is the shortest possible heating time to the forming temperature in order to prevent the heat from spreading to the cold rail end.
  • the workpieces are in a temperature range of approx. 400 to 450 ° C in the area of the structural change zone, which means that the heating-up time for the subsequent heat treatment can be shortened considerably by the fact that the heat treatment immediately after the hot shaping of the tongue rail end is made.
  • the heat treatment can be limited to a short length.
  • the control of the heat treatment is carried out in such a way that the length of the structural change zone created by reshaping the tongue is kept less than 30 mm in the longitudinal direction of the rail in order to effectively prevent dents from forming.
  • the heating is advantageously carried out to a temperature above 860 ° C., the heat treatment preferably being limited to the rail head.
  • the cooling then takes place in still air, as a result of which the original structural state is achieved before the forming.
  • the procedure according to the invention is preferably such that a length range of at least 150 mm, preferably at least 300 mm, is subjected to the heat treatment at the transition zone between the standard rail profile and the tongue end.
  • the maximum length range can generally be limited to less than 900 mm.
  • This method for heat treatment of rails in the transition area between the tongue end and the control rail profile is essentially characterized in that, immediately after the last heat-forming step, a burner with a controllable flame temperature is movably supported over the surface of the rail, the travel of which is preferably limited by adjustable limit switches that the burner is mounted in a support with a reversible drive and that a temperature measuring device is provided for detecting the surface temperature of the rail.
  • the design is such that the fuel gas and / or combustion air or oxygen supply and / or the linear travel speed of the burner along the rail is regulated as a function of temperature measurement values, preferably the temperature measurement device via control lines with a process computer is connected, which is connected to a controllable valve arrangement of a gas-oxygen mixing device for the burner.
  • a process computer-controlled system has proven to be particularly advantageous.
  • the burner bundles are mounted on a support and the heat treatment length can be optimally adjusted using limit switches.
  • the introduction of heat can be monitored via a temperature measuring device, for example as a miliscope or pyrometer, whereby the hardness of the flame can be regulated by a process computer and in particular is operated with a hard flame in the heating process and is only operated with a soft flame in the holding stage. In this way, overheating of the areas that are already at the transition temperature can be ruled out.
  • a temperature measuring device for example as a miliscope or pyrometer
  • the burners 2 are water-cooled bundle burners, the flame direction of which is directed towards the head 3 of a rail 4.
  • the burners are connected via gas lines 5 to a valve arrangement of a gas-oxygen mixing device which is shown schematically in FIG.
  • limit switches 7 and 8 are arranged, which serve to limit the path of the support.
  • Above the rail is a temperature measuring device 9, which is connected to a process computer 11 via signal lines 10.
  • a display device for the measured temperature is designated by 12.
  • the drive 13 for the support is arranged on the side next to the rail.
  • the limit switches 7 and 8 for path limitation are also located in the area of the movable drive.
  • the support can be moved on a table 14 and is supported on this table 14.
  • the travel range of the support is usually limited to 600 to 900 mm, with the minimum travel path usually being selected at around 300 mm.
  • the cooling in still air has proven to be sufficient to avoid undesired hardening and only to restore the state that prevailed before the heating to the hot forming temperature.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
  • Chutes (AREA)
  • Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
  • Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
  • Seats For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Laying Of Electric Cables Or Lines Outside (AREA)
  • Screw Conveyors (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
  • Underground Or Underwater Handling Of Building Materials (AREA)
  • Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Electrical Connectors (AREA)
  • Railway Tracks (AREA)

Claims (7)

1- Procédé de traitement thermique de rails dans une zone de transition entre une extrémité formant aiguille et un profil de rail normal, le rail étant chauffé au-dessus de la température de transformation austénitique et étant ensuite refroidi dans de l'air calme, caractérisé en ce que le traitement thermique est effectué en même temps que ou immédiatement après le formage à chaud de l'extrémité du rail formant aiguille, en ce que la zone de transition est chauffée sur une profondeur au minimum de 7 mm et au maximum de 25 mm et en ce que le traitement thermique est conduit de telle sorte que la longueur de la zone de modification de structure cristalline produite par formage de l'aiguille soit maintenue, dans la direction longitudinale du rail, inférieure à 30 mm.
2 ' r Procédé Selon la reuendication 1, caractérise -en ce que le chauffage est effectué à une température supérieure à 860°C.
3 - Procédé selon une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que, dans la zone de transition entre le profil de rail normal et l'extrémité formant aiguille, une zone de longueur d'au moins 150 mm, de préférence de moins de 300 mm, est soumise au traitement thermique.
4 - Procédé selon la revendication 1, 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que le traitement thermique est limité au champignon du rail.
5 - Dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé de traitement thermique de rails dans une zone de transition entre une extrémité formant aiguille et un profil de rail normal selon une des revendications 1 à 4, comportant des brûleurs mobiles, caractérisé en ce qu'immédiatement à la suite de la dernière étape de formage à chaud, un brûleur (2) dont la température de flamme peut être commandée est disposé de façon à pouvoir se déplacer au-dessus de la surface du rail (4), sa course de déplacement étant limitée de préférence au moyen de contacteurs de fin de course réglables (7, 8), en ce que le brûleur (2) est monté dans un support (1) à entraînement réversible (13) et en ce qu'un appareil de mesure de température (9) est prévu pour le captage de la température en surface du rail (4).
6 - Dispositif selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que l'alimentation en gaz combustible et/ou en air de combustion ou en oxygène et/ou la vitesse linéaire de déplacement du brûleur (2) le long du rail (4) sont réglées en fonction des valeurs de mesure de température.
7 - Dispositif selon la revendication 5 ou 6, caractérisé en ce que l'appareil de mesure de température (9) est relié par l'intermédiaire de conducteurs de commande (10) à un ordinateur (11) qui est lui-même relié à un ensemble de soupapes commandées (6) d'un mélangeur gaz-oxygène pour le brûleur (2).
EP86890076A 1985-03-25 1986-03-24 Procédé et dispositif pour éviter le bosselage de rails dans la zone de transition entre l'extrémité et le profil de l'aiguille Expired - Lifetime EP0199706B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT887/85 1985-03-25
AT0088785A AT391707B (de) 1985-03-25 1985-03-25 Verfahren zum verhindern der eindellung von schienen im uebergangsbereich sowie vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung dieses verfahrens

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0199706A2 EP0199706A2 (fr) 1986-10-29
EP0199706A3 EP0199706A3 (en) 1987-05-13
EP0199706B1 true EP0199706B1 (fr) 1990-03-14

Family

ID=3502117

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86890076A Expired - Lifetime EP0199706B1 (fr) 1985-03-25 1986-03-24 Procédé et dispositif pour éviter le bosselage de rails dans la zone de transition entre l'extrémité et le profil de l'aiguille

Country Status (9)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0199706B1 (fr)
AT (2) AT391707B (fr)
CS (1) CS266577B2 (fr)
DD (1) DD244990A5 (fr)
DE (1) DE3669538D1 (fr)
HU (1) HU195545B (fr)
NO (1) NO161632C (fr)
PL (1) PL145456B1 (fr)
YU (2) YU44545B (fr)

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB448416A (en) * 1933-09-06 1936-05-27 Oxweld Railroad Service Compan Improvements in or relating to the surface hardening of rails and to rails treated thereby
US2484897A (en) * 1946-10-22 1949-10-18 Linde Air Prod Co Apparatus for heat-treating surfaces of rails
DE800867C (de) * 1949-10-25 1950-12-11 Deutsche Bundesbahn Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Beseitigen von Riffeln auf Schienen
BE626486A (fr) * 1961-12-27
DE2541978C3 (de) * 1975-09-20 1978-08-24 Butzbacher Weichenbau Gmbh, 6308 Butzbach Verfahren zur Wärmebehandlung von Weichenteilen im Durchlaufverfahren
DE2821227C2 (de) * 1978-05-16 1982-12-23 Krupp Stahl Ag, 4630 Bochum Verfahren zur Herstellung von Schienen mit verminderter Riffelbildung

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Hüttentechnik, H. Grothe, S. 448-449 *
Technische Lieferbedingungen Juni 1979, Deutsche Bundesbahn TL 918142 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
YU36586A (en) 1988-06-30
EP0199706A2 (fr) 1986-10-29
HU195545B (en) 1988-05-30
PL145456B1 (en) 1988-09-30
EP0199706A3 (en) 1987-05-13
NO161632C (no) 1989-09-06
AT391707B (de) 1990-11-26
CS193786A2 (en) 1989-04-14
CS266577B2 (en) 1990-01-12
ATA88785A (de) 1990-05-15
DE3669538D1 (de) 1990-04-19
YU164387A (en) 1988-12-31
NO861149L (no) 1986-09-26
HUT43655A (en) 1987-11-30
DD244990A5 (de) 1987-04-22
YU44642B (en) 1990-10-31
NO161632B (no) 1989-05-29
ATE51036T1 (de) 1990-03-15
YU44545B (en) 1990-08-31

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