EP0193732B1 - Dispositif pour surveiller et contrôler des commutateurs et des combinaisons de commutateurs - Google Patents

Dispositif pour surveiller et contrôler des commutateurs et des combinaisons de commutateurs Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0193732B1
EP0193732B1 EP86101193A EP86101193A EP0193732B1 EP 0193732 B1 EP0193732 B1 EP 0193732B1 EP 86101193 A EP86101193 A EP 86101193A EP 86101193 A EP86101193 A EP 86101193A EP 0193732 B1 EP0193732 B1 EP 0193732B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switching device
wear
switching
state
equipment according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP86101193A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0193732A1 (fr
Inventor
Gerd Dipl.-Ing. Schwarz
Herbert Dipl.-Ing. Gronau
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Licentia Patent Verwaltungs GmbH
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Licentia Patent Verwaltungs GmbH
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Publication date
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Application filed by Licentia Patent Verwaltungs GmbH filed Critical Licentia Patent Verwaltungs GmbH
Publication of EP0193732A1 publication Critical patent/EP0193732A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/0015—Means for testing or for inspecting contacts, e.g. wear indicator
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2557/00—Means for control not provided for in groups B65H2551/00 - B65H2555/00
    • B65H2557/60—Details of processes or procedures
    • B65H2557/65—Details of processes or procedures for diagnosing
    • B65H2557/652—Details of processes or procedures for diagnosing need of maintenance
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H11/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches
    • H01H11/0062—Testing or measuring non-electrical properties of switches, e.g. contact velocity
    • H01H2011/0068—Testing or measuring non-electrical properties of switches, e.g. contact velocity measuring the temperature of the switch or parts thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/04—Means for indicating condition of the switching device
    • H01H2071/044—Monitoring, detection or measuring systems to establish the end of life of the switching device, can also contain other on-line monitoring systems, e.g. for detecting mechanical failures

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • switchgear or switchgear and controlgear assemblies it is often desirable to signal the time for required maintenance or inspection to the outside.
  • Burn-up indicators for the contact pieces are also known, which are mechanically operated via levers or cables are controlled, as is the recording of the number of operating hours via clock counters and temperature recorders for the temperature / time behavior.
  • electronic monitoring devices possibly equipped with sensors and processing their measured values, have also become known.
  • DE-A-31 22 109 a general switching, protection and monitoring device for low-voltage distribution systems, but without visual or acoustic display of the current operating state and thus without any information regarding the necessary maintenance intervals. The latter is a concern of a device for controlling electrical switching devices according to DE-C-27 27 378, from which the present invention is based.
  • the output current of a current transformer is used as the input variable of a switch-off current and switching piece erosion linking function converter to check the operability.
  • the output variable of the converter is given to an accumulator by means of an auxiliary switch, the content of which forms a measure of the erosion of the switch pieces caused in previous operation.
  • An electronic function memory (for example a ROM) is provided as the function converter, in which the burn-up is stored as a numerical value depending on the level of the current to be switched off. With each switch-off, the burn-up value corresponding to the instantaneous value of the current is taken for input into the summing memory. Furthermore, a comparison stage is provided which emits a signal when the sum of the burn-up values exceeds the predetermined target value.
  • maintenance intervals are selected to be very small to achieve a high level of operational reliability, there may be an uneconomical use of materials and equipment with high maintenance costs.
  • the invention has for its object to develop a monitoring and control device with which it is possible to carry out the maintenance or inspection flexibly, according to the actual requirements of the particular application, the current state of the switchgear or degree of wear and tear can be seen during operation.
  • Fig. 1 the principle is assumed to measure critical sizes in the new state of various wear parts, i.e. 0% wear corresponds to 100% expected service life (here switching cycles).
  • the respective wear is determined by numerous measurements over the number of operations. Characteristic curves (linear, degressive or progressive) are obtained as a function of the degree of wear depending on the number of switching operations. By extrapolation up to the wear limit (corresponding to the end of the service life) taking into account the scatter band, the remaining switching number to be expected is inferred. A reversal of meaning is also possible.
  • the empirically determined characteristics of the wear behavior of the different wear parts are fixed memory as a function, digitized with scatter band, as a family of curves with various parameters or multidimensionally as a reference map, possibly with its own computer program.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of the measured variables detected by sensors, the changes of which are monitored, evaluated directly or determined indirectly by linking dependent data.
  • all status memories are reset to zero and only the date of manufacture is entered in a non-volatile read-only memory.
  • sensors 1 to 13 are used to record the following circuit or wear conditions: sensor 1 for the switching cycles N (number), sensor 2 the operating time t / a (long-term / date), sensor 3 temperature ⁇ 1 of the current path, sensor 4 temperature ⁇ 2 of the environment, sensors 5 to 7 for overcurrents Z1 to Z3, sensor 8 for switching / operating voltage U, sensor 9 for voltage drop ⁇ U or earth fault R E , sensor 10 for current steepness di / dt, sensor 11 for contact erosion S (indirect), sensor 12 for the contact wear ⁇ S (direct) and sensor 13 for the time constant T.
  • This status information is analog / quasianalog with LED, LCD or corresponding signal devices 17 or digital via a segment display z.
  • Suitable signal lines 18 are provided, e.g. B. data bus, fiber optic link, this information can also be given to higher-level monitoring service or alarm systems.
  • this status information can be used to immediately identify whether the switchgear / combination needs to be serviced at this or only at the next revision.
  • the display field e.g. segment display
  • the query menu field 21 i. H. Selection of the various status memories 15 by pressing a key and displaying the content on this display field, is formed (dialog traffic).
  • the corresponding status memory 15 is then reset, depending on the expansion stage, either on the device itself by means of a button or when using the test case 19 via the data bus 20. It is also possible to permanently enter the number and extent of the maintenance that has been carried out in the status memory 15, and thus to query the history of this switching device during each maintenance.
  • the status memories 15 can also be reset step by step to the required level.
  • the monitoring device can preferably be designed in various configuration levels and comfort classes, which are characterized by the number of existing input channels (sensor inputs), type of measurement value linkage (direct or indirect determination), and operating convenience (LED line, menu field, test case or acoustic coupler connection and dialog techniques such as touch screen, light pen, mouse or window technology).
  • interfaces are provided which enable interaction with other external protection systems such as fire and smoke detectors, arcing fault monitors, current rise detection systems, object protection fault alarm systems, etc.
  • this module can also be integrated as a functional unit in other devices or monitoring and protection systems. This is especially true when not only individual switchgear, but entire switchgear combinations (definition according to VDE and IEC) must be monitored.
  • a power supply unit 26 is used for infeed from the voltage network L1, L2, L3 or via current transformers or with both infeeds, which can be selected via bridges 27.
  • An accumulator 28 is provided for the buffered operation of a clock with a date or the core element 14 (microprocessor), in which all information converges and is processed.
  • the program for the microprocessor 14 and a reference map are permanently stored in a read-only memory 29 and the current state of the switching device is stored in a state memory 15.
  • the data content of the memory 15 can be changed, but cannot be lost in the event of a power failure. It is also possible to combine the two read-only memories in a common component 30, since the content of the memory 29 can also be stored in a changeable read-only memory.
  • a clock is labeled with the date.
  • This function can also be implemented by the microprocessor 14. However, continuous operation must be ensured, for example by buffering the supply voltage.
  • An LED line 17 is provided to display the current switching device status. It is also possible to use a 7-segment or an alphanumeric display with LED or LCD.
  • a special bus connection 18 can be provided for reporting the switching device status to a higher-level monitoring, service or maintenance station.
  • a button 32 for resetting the status memory 15 is only required if a bus connection is not available.
  • the operating voltage or voltage type used can be entered in stages with a switch 33.
  • Another switch 35 is used to select the map.
  • the voltage sensor 34 can consist of one or three sensors for determining the switch voltage present. A rough one is enough here Classification e.g. B. 600 V or 1000 V network.
  • Current sensors 36 are used to detect the individual phase currents or - in the case of direct current - the flowing current. If necessary, they can be used to determine the cos ⁇ from current and voltage or, in the case of direct current, the current steepness di / dt.
  • Temperature sensors 3 and 4 are e.g. B. in the vicinity of the contact pieces for detecting the temperature of the current path or for detecting the ambient temperature of the switch.
  • An auxiliary contact 1 or another type of sensor detects the switching cycles and a sensor 12 as a displacement sensor, light barrier or angle of rotation sensor determines the contact erosion directly.

Landscapes

  • Testing Electric Properties And Detecting Electric Faults (AREA)
  • Testing And Monitoring For Control Systems (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Dispositif de surveillance et de contrôle pour des appareils et combinaisons d'appareils électriques, en vue d'obtenir des moments d'entretien ou d'inspection flexibles, par utilisation de mémoires électroniques à semiconducteurs, variables, interrogeables, des valeurs réelles étant mesurées par des grandeurs de fonctionnement, traitées, comparées à des valeurs limites mises en mémoire et des signaux de mesure en étant dérivés, caractérisé en ce qu'on prévoit une pluralité de capteurs (1-13) qui, outre les grandeurs de fonctionnement, enregistrent les évènements qui se produisent pendant le fonctionnement ainsi que l'état d'usure des composants de l'appareil électrique (25) ou des combinaisons d'appareils électriques, en ce qu'à l'intérieur du dispositif de surveillance et de contrôle ces valeurs de mesure enregistrées sont numérisées et envoyées à un microprocesseur (14) qui détermine, pour les différents composants des appareils et leurs lubrifiants, un état d'usure à partir des valeurs mesurées, au moyen d'équations analogiques pour un nombre de manoeuvres d'usure, à l'aide de courbes caractéristiques et/ou de surfaces caractéristiques d'usure mémorisées, le mémorise dans les mémoires à semiconducteurs (15) et l'affiche sur un écran.
  2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'écran (17) est directement associé à l'appareil électrique (25) ou à la combinaison d'appareils électriques.
  3. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'affichage de l'état des appareils électriques s'effectue par un bus de données dans un poste de surveillance central.
  4. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1, 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que dans le cas d'un état critique des appareils électriques, une alarme (22, 23, 24) éventuellement échelonnée selon l'urgence, est délivrée en même temps que l'affichage.
  5. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'un dispositif de vérification (19) transportable (coffret test) peut être raccordé au microprocesseur (14), par un bus de données (20).
  6. Dispositif selon la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce qu'on prévoit un écran LCD (17) sur l'appareil électrique (25), autorisant le mode interactif.
  7. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'un coupleur acoustique permettant d'appeler des données par le réseau téléphonique, peut être raccordé au microprocesseur (14).
EP86101193A 1985-02-20 1986-01-30 Dispositif pour surveiller et contrôler des commutateurs et des combinaisons de commutateurs Expired - Lifetime EP0193732B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3505818 1985-02-20
DE19853505818 DE3505818A1 (de) 1985-02-20 1985-02-20 Ueberwachungs- und kontrolleinrichtung fuer schaltgeraete

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0193732A1 EP0193732A1 (fr) 1986-09-10
EP0193732B1 true EP0193732B1 (fr) 1991-03-27

Family

ID=6263007

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86101193A Expired - Lifetime EP0193732B1 (fr) 1985-02-20 1986-01-30 Dispositif pour surveiller et contrôler des commutateurs et des combinaisons de commutateurs

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0193732B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3505818A1 (fr)
FI (1) FI87610C (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6188035B1 (en) 1996-09-10 2001-02-13 Bruce W. Nichols Electrical contact wear and temperature indicator
DE102004062266A1 (de) * 2004-12-23 2006-07-13 Siemens Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum sicheren Betrieb eines Schaltgerätes
DE102006053398A1 (de) * 2006-11-10 2008-05-15 Endress + Hauser Gmbh + Co. Kg Elektronisches Gerät
DE102008028980A1 (de) * 2008-04-29 2009-11-12 Vogl Electronic Gmbh System sowie Verfahren zur Diagnose des technischen Betriebszustandes eines Leistungsschalters

Families Citing this family (25)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4822997A (en) * 1987-11-04 1989-04-18 Fullen Research Corporation Apparatus for and method of measuring and/or controlling the use of fiber optic conductors
DE3802497A1 (de) * 1988-01-28 1989-08-03 Licentia Gmbh Benutzungsfuehrungsanzeige fuer leistungsschalter
US5426592A (en) * 1992-03-06 1995-06-20 Siemens Energy & Automation, Inc. Circuit breaker trip unit which automatically adapts to operated with a particular display module
WO1993023760A1 (fr) * 1992-05-12 1993-11-25 Square D Company Systeme de surveillance du fonctionnement d'un coupe-circuit et systeme d'alarme prevenant d'un besoin de maintenance a titre preventif
CN1088022A (zh) * 1992-09-14 1994-06-15 纽-列克有限公司 存储器或铭牌电路
JPH06127825A (ja) * 1992-10-16 1994-05-10 Murata Mach Ltd 繊維機械の部品管理システム
DE4326942C2 (de) * 1993-08-11 1997-01-16 Veba Kraftwerke Ruhr Einrichtung und Verfahren zur Überwachung eines Auslösekreises eines elektrischen Betriebsmittels
JP3221184B2 (ja) * 1993-10-13 2001-10-22 株式会社日立製作所 故障診断装置および方法
US5596263A (en) * 1993-12-01 1997-01-21 Siemens Energy & Automation, Inc. Electrical power distribution system apparatus-resident personality memory module
DE19636264A1 (de) * 1996-09-06 1998-03-12 Siemens Ag Diagnosemodul zur Überwachung eines elektrischen Antriebs
DE19734224C1 (de) 1997-08-07 1999-02-04 Siemens Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung von schaltgerätespezifischen Daten an Kontakten in Schaltgeräten und/oder zur Bestimmung von betriebsspezifischen Daten im damit geschalteten Netz
EP0982812A1 (fr) * 1998-08-18 2000-03-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Appareil d'installation électrique ayant un dispositif de surveillance de température
DE10260248B4 (de) * 2002-12-20 2005-07-21 Siemens Ag Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Restlebensdauer eines Schaltgerätes und zugehörige Anordnung
EP1475813B1 (fr) 2003-05-07 2010-01-27 ABB Technology AG Procédé et dispositif de contrôle d'appareils de commutation dans des installations de commutation électriques
DE102004020045A1 (de) * 2004-04-21 2005-11-10 Siemens Ag Verfahren zum Ermitteln eines eine Abnutzung von Schaltkontakten eines Leistungsschalters angebenden Restschaltspiel-Wertes
DE102005046925A1 (de) * 2005-09-30 2007-04-19 Siemens Ag Schaltgerät zum Schalten mindestens eines Stromes
DE102009018140A1 (de) † 2009-04-08 2010-10-21 Pilz Gmbh & Co. Kg Sichere Schalteinrichtung und modulares fehlersicheres Steuerungssystem
EP2317527A1 (fr) * 2009-10-28 2011-05-04 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Système de diagnostique préventif de l'impédance de contact et des surcharges d'un commutateur
DE102010026528A1 (de) * 2010-07-08 2012-01-12 Areva Energietechnik Gmbh Elektrischer Leistungsschalter und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines elektrischen Leistungsschalters
US8737033B2 (en) * 2012-09-10 2014-05-27 Eaton Corporation Circuit interrupter employing non-volatile memory for improved diagnostics
KR101696218B1 (ko) * 2015-06-12 2017-01-16 한국전력공사 차단기 동작 카운터 관리 시스템 및 방법
EP3142136B1 (fr) 2015-09-11 2018-07-18 Sick Ag Dispositif de commande d'un element de commutation
DE102017205282A1 (de) 2017-03-29 2018-10-04 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Elektrischer Schalter mit Signalkontakt
DE102017214066A1 (de) * 2017-08-11 2019-02-14 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zum Betreiben einer wärmetechnischen Anlage
US11004620B2 (en) 2019-03-18 2021-05-11 Eaton Intelligent Power Limited Circuit interrupter and method of determining contact wear based upon temperature

Family Cites Families (7)

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DE2727378C2 (de) * 1977-06-15 1983-04-07 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Einrichtung zur Kontrolle der Betriebsfähigkeit von elektrischen Schaltgeräten
DE3121409C2 (de) * 1981-05-29 1983-10-20 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt Blockeinschub
DE3122109A1 (de) 1981-06-04 1983-01-05 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt Elektronische schalt-, schutz- und ueberwachungsvorrichtung fuer niederspannungs-verteileranlagen
DE3132730A1 (de) * 1981-08-19 1983-03-10 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt Netzschutzeinrichtung
FR2538558B1 (fr) * 1982-12-23 1985-06-21 Sultana Jean Paul Dispositif electronique de detection et diagnostic de defauts electriques
DE3314181A1 (de) * 1983-04-19 1984-10-25 Kraftwerk Union AG, 4330 Mülheim Verfahren zur ueberwachung der ermuedung von bauteilen, z.b. in kernkraftwerken
DE3347185A1 (de) * 1983-12-27 1985-07-04 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Anordnung zur beeinflussung eines schaltgeraetes

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6188035B1 (en) 1996-09-10 2001-02-13 Bruce W. Nichols Electrical contact wear and temperature indicator
DE102004062266A1 (de) * 2004-12-23 2006-07-13 Siemens Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum sicheren Betrieb eines Schaltgerätes
DE102006053398A1 (de) * 2006-11-10 2008-05-15 Endress + Hauser Gmbh + Co. Kg Elektronisches Gerät
US9903909B2 (en) 2006-11-10 2018-02-27 Endress + Hauser Gmbh + Co. Kg Process measuring device for a measuring and control technology
DE102008028980A1 (de) * 2008-04-29 2009-11-12 Vogl Electronic Gmbh System sowie Verfahren zur Diagnose des technischen Betriebszustandes eines Leistungsschalters

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI860734A0 (fi) 1986-02-19
DE3505818A1 (de) 1986-08-21
FI87610B (fi) 1992-10-15
EP0193732A1 (fr) 1986-09-10
FI860734A (fi) 1986-08-21
FI87610C (fi) 1993-01-25
DE3678315D1 (de) 1991-05-02

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