EP0190569A2 - Disposition d'antenne directive à large bande - Google Patents

Disposition d'antenne directive à large bande Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0190569A2
EP0190569A2 EP86100386A EP86100386A EP0190569A2 EP 0190569 A2 EP0190569 A2 EP 0190569A2 EP 86100386 A EP86100386 A EP 86100386A EP 86100386 A EP86100386 A EP 86100386A EP 0190569 A2 EP0190569 A2 EP 0190569A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna elements
aperture
antenna
elements
ribbon cable
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP86100386A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0190569A3 (en
EP0190569B1 (fr
Inventor
Günter Wichmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eltro GmbH and Co
Original Assignee
Eltro GmbH and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eltro GmbH and Co filed Critical Eltro GmbH and Co
Publication of EP0190569A2 publication Critical patent/EP0190569A2/fr
Publication of EP0190569A3 publication Critical patent/EP0190569A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0190569B1 publication Critical patent/EP0190569B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/08—Radiating ends of two-conductor microwave transmission lines, e.g. of coaxial lines, of microstrip lines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/24—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the orientation by switching energy from one active radiating element to another, e.g. for beam switching

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a broadband directional antenna arrangement according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such an antenna is the subject of US Pat. No. 3,860,933.
  • the antenna elements here consist of slots of equal length in different directions, which are provided on the narrow side of a hollow body with a rectangular cross section. A flat ribbon cable common to them is fed through these slots.
  • Antennas of this type have a relatively large aperture and the resulting coarse resolution. They can be used to locate objects of small geometric dimensions hidden in the ground. Further detailed statements - e.g. about dimensions, shape and location - however, cannot be met. On the other hand, if you choose an antenna with a smaller aperture, you can only use it to send a short search pulse, which may occur especially when the soil is wet and the attenuation caused by it. no longer penetrates deep enough to notice small objects.
  • the small apertures which are favorable in terms of good resolving power, also have the disadvantage that they can only be used for objects which are hidden directly below the surface of the earth, e.g. Rifle mines, but not those at a greater depth, e.g. Tank mines can be located because apertures of this size cannot be used to radiate sufficiently long or low-frequency impulses.
  • DE-OS 15 16 756 then discloses an antenna with a ribbon cable similar to the latter embodiments.
  • the object of the invention is seen in the improvement of the generic directional antenna in such a way that it can be used to carry out a finely rastered scanning of small objects hidden in the ground in terms of their depth effect in order to determine them as clearly as possible.
  • This object is achieved by the features mentioned in the characterizing part of claim 1.
  • the directional antenna 1 in Fig. 1 consists essentially of the two ribbon conductors 2 and 3. From their feed point 4, in the area of which the ribbon conductors are narrow, they run almost parallel, but then widen towards the aperture level, while the parallel Gradually changes into an expansion. If high-frequency energy is fed in at the feed point 4 via the coaxial line 5, pulse widths of the order of 500 ps can be emitted, the amplitudes of which are approximately the envelope 10 in FIG. 4 correspond. If the pulses are to be emitted without errors, the total length of such an antenna is approximately 1 1/2 m and its aperture in both directions is approximately 25-30 cm. To this extent, it is known prior art.
  • directional antennas of these dimensions emit sufficiently long pulses to e.g. when penetrating deeply enough, objects hidden in the ground are not suitable for all purposes. They are too bulky and too large in their aperture to accommodate many such antennas, e.g. as a line of antennas across the front of a vehicle to enable a finely rasterized scanning.
  • the arrangement of the antenna elements 1 ' can be expanded to a line 6, which in the line direction still exceeds the size of a large individual antenna 1 (FIG. 1).
  • the material used here is, for example, brass.
  • Such a line arrangement of antenna elements is suitable as a hand-held device for detecting small objects hidden in the ground, e.g. Mines, both from rifle mines usually located directly below the surface of the earth, as well as from somewhat deeper, usually around 20 cm, tank mines sunk in the ground, in the latter case an additional electrical measure being required, which at the end the description is discussed in more detail.
  • mines both from rifle mines usually located directly below the surface of the earth, as well as from somewhat deeper, usually around 20 cm, tank mines sunk in the ground, in the latter case an additional electrical measure being required, which at the end the description is discussed in more detail.
  • the antenna elements 1 ' can be attached to holders provided on the outside instead of the foam filling.
  • the ends of the flat ribbon conductors 2 ', 3' on the aperture side border the absorber plates 11 on both sides of the rows 6 for the purpose of reducing the total length of the antenna elements 1 '. They are arranged parallel to the axes of symmetry of the directional antenna elements 1' and functionally form part of the antenna elements.
  • the effect achieved can be further supported by the fact that the flat conductor ends of adjacent antenna elements 1 'of a row 6 are connected to one another via damping resistors 8.
  • damping resistors can also be used alternatively.
  • a device that is seen from its underside, shown in Fig. 3 taken on its own. If such a device consists of only a single line 6, its antenna individual elements 1 'can be activated either individually or - for the purpose of enlarging the aperture - in groups when searching for objects still hidden in the ground. If, on the other hand, the device consists - as shown - of several lines 6, entire fields of such antenna elements can also be activated together.
  • the smaller, heavily outlined field is intended for rifle mines and the larger for tank mines.
  • the invention is neither on the number of bundled antenna elements nor on the direction of activation limits, because in principle, column-by-column control is also conceivable.
  • Fig. 4 also uses the following trick: in the receiver-side circuit Delay elements provided.
  • a runtime shift can be caused by their number and size.
  • the amplitudes of the individual pulses which are emitted by the antenna elements which are activated in accordance with the desired aperture size can now be delayed and added up in a manner which simulates a low-frequency signal 10.

Landscapes

  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
EP86100386A 1985-02-06 1986-01-14 Disposition d'antenne directive à large bande Expired - Lifetime EP0190569B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3503990A DE3503990C2 (de) 1985-02-06 1985-02-06 Breitbandiges Richtantennensystem
DE3503990 1985-02-06

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0190569A2 true EP0190569A2 (fr) 1986-08-13
EP0190569A3 EP0190569A3 (en) 1987-10-28
EP0190569B1 EP0190569B1 (fr) 1990-04-04

Family

ID=6261803

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86100386A Expired - Lifetime EP0190569B1 (fr) 1985-02-06 1986-01-14 Disposition d'antenne directive à large bande

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4811027A (fr)
EP (1) EP0190569B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3503990C2 (fr)
IL (1) IL77519A (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19732026A1 (de) * 1997-07-25 1999-01-28 Alphasat Communication Gmbh Mikrowellenkamera
US5959591A (en) * 1997-08-20 1999-09-28 Sandia Corporation Transverse electromagnetic horn antenna with resistively-loaded exterior surfaces
US7042385B1 (en) * 2003-09-16 2006-05-09 Niitek, Inc. Non-intrusive inspection impulse radar antenna
DE102010014916B4 (de) * 2010-04-14 2012-10-31 Aeromaritime Systembau Gmbh Phasengesteuerte Gruppenantenne

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3346068A (en) * 1966-10-20 1967-10-10 Atlantic Richfield Co Focusing and scanning either or both of a plurality of seismic sources and seismometers to produce an improved seismic record
DE2554039A1 (de) * 1975-11-26 1977-06-08 Electrolocation Ltd Antennensystem
FR2390027A1 (en) * 1977-05-05 1978-12-01 Thomson Csf Attenuation of slotted waveguide aerial parasitic side lobes - is achieved by plate filter installed in plane of emission
JPS568903A (en) * 1979-07-03 1981-01-29 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Antenna unit
DE2921856A1 (de) * 1979-05-30 1982-04-29 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Richtantenne

Family Cites Families (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE970327C (de) * 1936-03-07 1958-09-11 Pintsch Bamag Ag Einrichtung zum Buendeln ultrakurzer elektromagnetischer Wellen
US2454766A (en) * 1943-04-24 1948-11-30 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Broad band antenna
US2591486A (en) * 1949-12-31 1952-04-01 Rca Corp Electromagnetic horn antenna
US2751586A (en) * 1950-11-22 1956-06-19 Raytheon Mfg Co Signal-wave transmission systems
US2998602A (en) * 1951-10-03 1961-08-29 John C Cacheris Energy decoupling of closely spaced radar antenna horns
US2897491A (en) * 1957-01-22 1959-07-28 Bendix Aviat Corp Phase saturable transducer
US2946999A (en) * 1957-12-16 1960-07-26 Melpar Inc Constant beamwidth horn antenna
SU135113A1 (ru) * 1960-05-03 1960-11-30 Д.П. Легошин Разв зывающее устройство дл диффракционных антенн
US3099836A (en) * 1960-05-16 1963-07-30 Lockheed Aircraft Corp V-strip antenna with artificial dielectric lens
GB964458A (en) * 1961-08-23 1964-07-22 Telefunken Patent Improvements in or relating to directional acrials
DE1516756A1 (de) * 1966-04-22 1969-06-26 Graziadei Dr Phil Heinz Breitband-Richtstrahler
FR2015415A7 (fr) * 1968-08-10 1970-04-24 Eltro Gmbh
US3611396A (en) * 1970-06-18 1971-10-05 Us Army Dual waveguide horn antenna
JPS5215725Y2 (fr) * 1972-08-18 1977-04-08
US3882505A (en) * 1974-05-30 1975-05-06 Robert J Mailloux Dual band phased array element
US3938160A (en) * 1974-08-07 1976-02-10 Mcdonnell Douglas Corporation Phased array antenna with array elements coupled to form a multiplicity of overlapped sub-arrays
US4447811A (en) * 1981-10-26 1984-05-08 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Dielectric loaded horn antennas having improved radiation characteristics

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3346068A (en) * 1966-10-20 1967-10-10 Atlantic Richfield Co Focusing and scanning either or both of a plurality of seismic sources and seismometers to produce an improved seismic record
DE2554039A1 (de) * 1975-11-26 1977-06-08 Electrolocation Ltd Antennensystem
FR2390027A1 (en) * 1977-05-05 1978-12-01 Thomson Csf Attenuation of slotted waveguide aerial parasitic side lobes - is achieved by plate filter installed in plane of emission
DE2921856A1 (de) * 1979-05-30 1982-04-29 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Richtantenne
JPS568903A (en) * 1979-07-03 1981-01-29 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Antenna unit

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING, Band GE-21, Nr. 2, April 1983, Seiten 201-207, IEEE, New York, US; B.R. JEAN et al.: "A multiple beam synthetic aperture radar design concept for geoscience applications" *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, Band 5, Nr. 59 (E-53)[731], 22. April 1981; & JP-A-56 008 903 (MITSUBISHI DENKI K.K.) 29-01-1981 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0190569A3 (en) 1987-10-28
EP0190569B1 (fr) 1990-04-04
DE3503990A1 (de) 1986-08-07
US4811027A (en) 1989-03-07
DE3670179D1 (de) 1990-05-10
DE3503990C2 (de) 1986-11-20
IL77519A (en) 1990-04-29

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