EP0185959B1 - Dispositif de séparation - Google Patents

Dispositif de séparation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0185959B1
EP0185959B1 EP85115129A EP85115129A EP0185959B1 EP 0185959 B1 EP0185959 B1 EP 0185959B1 EP 85115129 A EP85115129 A EP 85115129A EP 85115129 A EP85115129 A EP 85115129A EP 0185959 B1 EP0185959 B1 EP 0185959B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
take
guide
belt
consignments
equipment
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85115129A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0185959A1 (fr
Inventor
Frank Werner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Licentia Patent Verwaltungs GmbH
Original Assignee
Licentia Patent Verwaltungs GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0185959A1 publication Critical patent/EP0185959A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0185959B1 publication Critical patent/EP0185959B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C1/00—Measures preceding sorting according to destination
    • B07C1/02—Forming articles into a stream; Arranging articles in a stream, e.g. spacing, orientating
    • B07C1/025—Devices for the temporary stacking of objects provided with a stacking and destacking device (interstack device)
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H3/00—Separating articles from piles
    • B65H3/02—Separating articles from piles using friction forces between articles and separator
    • B65H3/04—Endless-belt separators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H3/00—Separating articles from piles
    • B65H3/46—Supplementary devices or measures to assist separation or prevent double feed
    • B65H3/52—Friction retainers acting on under or rear side of article being separated
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2701/00—Handled material; Storage means
    • B65H2701/10—Handled articles or webs
    • B65H2701/19—Specific article or web
    • B65H2701/1912—Banknotes, bills and cheques or the like

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a separating device for mail items such as letters, receipts and the like according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a separating device for irregular and / or overlapping supplied flat mail items is known from US Pat. No. 3,166,312.
  • the mailpieces fed are separated by means of a vacuum suction device, in that a suction drum or preferably a suction belt sucks in individual mailpieces of a quantity of mailpieces and spatially separates them. Since the use of vacuum suction devices, however, requires pump devices for generating the vacuum, a suitable line system, and sensor and control devices, the invention mentioned is technically complex and prone to failure.
  • the invention has for its object to improve the state of the art and in particular to create a separating device for letters, receipts, receipts, checks, punch cards, that is mail items of all kinds up to a predetermined size and thickness, which the arriving in any irregular sequence with each other disorderly mail items aligned on a longitudinal or transverse edge.
  • a separating device for letters, receipts, receipts, checks, punch cards that is mail items of all kinds up to a predetermined size and thickness, which the arriving in any irregular sequence with each other disorderly mail items aligned on a longitudinal or transverse edge.
  • the individual mail items should be at irregular intervals or at an approximately constant distance from one another, i.e. H. with a constant gap, for example, the downstream units (reading unit, stamp device, coding device, buffer stack and similar units) can be offered in a predetermined suitable position.
  • deflecting rollers mentioned therein are preferred in practice, but can in principle be realized by different deflecting means and in the sense of claims 17 and 18.
  • the items mentioned in the subclaims are to be understood as flat objects according to the main claim, the length of which is large compared to their thicknesses.
  • the basic principle of a separating device used in an automatic letter sorting system is shown in plan view in FIG. 1.
  • the shipments - like letters or too Receipts, check cards and the like - are fed there in any order, preferably essentially in a vertical position in the direction of entry 9 of the separating device.
  • the feed can take place, for example, from a pre-distribution channel, in which the mail items are disorganized in an approximately vertical position.
  • the separating device essentially contains a take-off device 4, a guiding unit 3 and a transport device 1.
  • the transport device 1 for example a base belt rotating around two rollers, is preferably arranged in relation to the deflection roller 6 and thus also to the take-off belt 8 of the take-off device 4 in such a way that the transport direction 5 occurs approximately tangentially to the take-off belt 8 when the consignment enters the take-off area, i.e. H.
  • the consignment 10 closest to the take-off belt 8 is in contact with the take-off point P from the take-off belt and is deflected from the infeed direction 9 into the take-off direction 11 within a sheet length predetermined by the change in the direction of transport of the shipment and the radius of the deflecting means 6, which is preferably in the form of a deflecting roller.
  • the mail items assume an approximately vertical position during the entire take-off process, in particular in the take-off area of the take-off device 4.
  • the separating device advantageously contains a guide unit 3 forming a passage gap for the consignment with the take-off device 4.
  • the control unit 3 consists of a part 12, 13 lying essentially to the right and left of the incoming mail items. These parts 12, 13 are referred to as the right-hand control unit 12 and the left-hand control unit 13.
  • the right-hand control unit 12, whose control plane 17 is perpendicular, begins in the entry area of the mail items, preferably in front of the take-off area at a distance from the take-off area that corresponds at least to the maximum mail item length that occurs (see FIG. 2).
  • the right-hand guide unit 12 is preferably equipped with a pressure element 18 which shifts the right-hand guide unit 12 so far parallel to the take-off belt 8, until the guide unit 12 exerts an optimal pressure on the mail items lying in the take-off area and thus also on the take-off belt 8 for pulling off the mail item by the take-off belt 8 (see FIG. 2).
  • the passage gap In order to be able to pull off mailpieces with very different thicknesses, for example 0.1 mm to 10 mm, the passage gap must be designed to be variable at least within this thickness range, in such a way that the pressure element 18 preferably has a constant contact pressure within this range for the pulling off of the mailpieces the shipments and thus caused on the take-off belt 8 via the control unit 12.
  • the left-hand guide unit 13 is designed, for example, in the form of a metal plate, the level of which serves as a well-slidable guide level 15 and is thus arranged in a fixed position in a vertical position towards the trigger device 4, so that the consignments closest to this guide level 15 depend on the takeover point P (this corresponds to the occurring line of contact of the front edge of the shipment with the trigger belt 8 at the start of the triggering process) are forced to run tangentially to the trigger belt 8 in the trigger area.
  • the contact pressure of the guide unit 12 on the right is to be chosen so large that the take-off belt 8 can quickly pull off the next consignment without great slippage.
  • the right-hand guide unit 12 is advantageously equipped with a pressure element 18 which engages the guide unit 12 by means of a tension spring (for example also in the form of a weight) and the guide unit 12 to rotate a vertical axis 16 causes when consignments arrive in the withdrawal area.
  • FIG. 2 shows how specifically a tension spring acts on the guide unit 12 on the right, which is rotatably mounted about the axis of rotation 16.
  • the distance of the take-off belt 8 from the guide level 17 of the guiding unit 12 on the right in the take-off area must be selected to be at least as small as the smallest occurring mail item thickness, so that these items also enter the take-off area - by means of the conveyor of the transport device 1 - Experience a sufficient contact pressure for the take-off belt 8 by the guide unit 12 for the take-off process.
  • the passage gap in the trigger area is preferably not significantly larger selected as, for example, 5 times the maximum mailing thickness that occurs.
  • the consignments arrive in batches, i.e. several consignments same time in the deduction area, and thereby a predetermined mail item thickness at the takeover point P is exceeded, - the right-hand control unit 12 rotates correspondingly far out of the initial position - so the exceeding of the predetermined maximum mailing thickness is preferably determined by means of an angle rotation of the right-hand control unit 12 Switching unit 19 (for example a microswitch) registered.
  • the switch - for example operating state "on" when the maximum mail item thickness is exceeded - switches off the transport device and the units 40 in front of it delivering mail items until the maximum mail item thickness is again undershot.
  • a so-called stripper 14 is preferably arranged in the end area of the pull-off device 4, after the right-hand guide unit 12, to avoid double and multiple pull-offs parallel to the pull-off belt 8, which adjusts itself to the pull-off belt by means of a compression spring 114 in accordance with the thickness of the consignment to be pulled currently located in the stripper area and ensures a proper withdrawal of the consignment lying between the removal belt and stripper from the removal device 4.
  • Other letters lying parallel to it are retained due to the skid shape of the scraper, which is preferably formed in the inlet area.
  • a scraper as described in DE-A-2 704 045 can be used here advantageously.
  • This scraper 14 is shown in FIG. 3A in connection with another embodiment of the control unit 3.
  • the scraper 14 presses the letter, for example by means of at least one compression spring 114 (for further suitable forms of training see P 27 04 045), while pulling on the pull-off belts 20 in the region of the deflection roller 7 and thus prevents double and Multiple deductions; at the same time, the runner 141 on the letter side or a guide fence arranged in front of it facilitates entry into the passage gap formed by the pulling belt 20 and the scraper 14 as far as the detection area of the subsequent conveyor section 66.
  • the springs or weights causing the mailpiece to be pressed onto the take-off belt 8 in connection with the guide unit 12 are free of bumps, ie. that is, to design damped so that the optimum contact pressure can be set as quickly as possible.
  • FIG. 3A shows a guiding unit 12 located on the right as a bounce-free rocker, which is designed in the form of an inlet wedge 21 with a comb 22 which is firmly connected at the wedge end.
  • the wedge angle ⁇ is selected on the one hand so that the wedge flank 23 in the vicinity of the mailing forms a deflection angle of approximately 10 to 50 ° with the pull-off direction 11 (corresponding to the conveying direction of the mailings in the conveying section 66 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3) and on the other hand so that, depending on the rigidity, thickness of the letters to be separated, damage or blocking of the extraction device 4 is avoided. This ensures that the letters, supported by the funding, can be arranged and aligned, especially in front of the deduction area.
  • the wedge flank 23 should preferably form an acute angle ⁇ 30 ° with the direction of entry 9 (and thus also with the consignment closest to the take-off belt 20), which is chosen so large that there is room for evasive letters for subsequent letters and thus already with a relative one small number of incoming mail, an early blocking of the inlet wedge 21 is avoided. Even consignments that arrive in bulk can better avoid the wedge flank area.
  • the wedge flank 23 should have as little sliding friction as possible so that the mail items attached to it are not turned up by subsequent letters. Teflon or materials with similar sliding properties are preferred.
  • the take-off belt 20 of the take-off device 4 is advantageously arranged in the form of a plurality of horizontally running one above the other at a predetermined distance from one another Trigger bands 20 are formed (see FIG. 3B).
  • the comb 22 attached to the end of the wedge preferably engages with its fingers 24 between the gaps of the trigger bands 20 when there are no letters in the trigger area (see FIG. 3B). This is the rest position.
  • the immersion depth is chosen so that the play of the guide unit 21 designed as a swing arm is compensated for, ie. H.
  • the tension spring 25 transmits, via the inlet wedge 21, which is rotatably mounted about the axis of rotation 16, the predetermined contact pressure to the mail items located in the withdrawal area.
  • 3B shows a cross section of the deflection roller body 120 with its axis of rotation 121 and the take-off belt consisting of 6 take-off belts 20.
  • 3A shows the corresponding case in a top view.
  • the curvature of the right-hand guide unit 12, 21 is the curvature of the Trigger tape 20 to adjust in the trigger area.
  • FIG. 4A a preferred embodiment of the right-hand guide unit 12 in the form of a spring-loaded comb 27 is shown schematically in a plan view, in the event that the letters the deduction area, i. H. have not yet reached the takeover point P (FIG. 4A).
  • a spring-loaded guide fence 142 is shown schematically, which mainly has a guide function and, if appropriate, is also intended to avoid double or multiple deductions. This is necessary if, in addition to the letter closest to the withdrawal tape, further letters lying parallel to it reach the linear withdrawal area (see FIG. 4C).
  • the guide unit 12 is preferably designed in the form of, for example, two spring-loaded guide plates 28, 30 (see FIG. 5A). That at an acute angle to. Inlet direction of the letters arranged guide plate 28 with tension spring 25 (or weight, for example) preferably extends as far into the withdrawal area of the withdrawal device 4 as the transport device effecting the transport of the letters into the withdrawal device 4.
  • FIG. 5B does not show the transport device 1, the corresponding position results from what has been said above, for example from FIG. 3A.
  • FIG. 5 also shows the starting position of the guide plate 30 in the event that none of the mail items arriving in the withdrawal area has reached the takeover point P.
  • the guide plate 30 is rotated out of its starting position when letters exceed the takeover point P (base belt of the transport device 1 conveys letters directly or indirectly through the friction of the letters among themselves to the takeover point P). As the number of incoming letters increases - several letters run into the take-off device at the same time - the guide plate 28 and then the comb 30 evade in accordance with the letter thickness that occurs.
  • the restoring force of the springs 25, 291 generates an approximately constant contact pressure on the letters via the guide plates 28, 30; in the state of equilibrium, this can be achieved as quickly as possible by means of a bounce-free design of the pressure devices, the letter closest to the pull-off belt 20 is pressed onto the pull-off belt 20 with a predetermined approximately constant contact pressure and is pulled off with a small loss of slip.
  • a second pressing device 129 in the form of one equipped with a spring element 130 (tension spring, for example) is advantageously provided Provided rotatably about the axis 131 guide arm 132, which acts in the linear draw-off area in front of the conveyor section 66 on the comb of the guide plate 30 (see FIG. 5B).
  • the guide plate 30 should preferably be designed in the form of a scraper 31 equipped with a comb-like guide skid 32 (FIG. 6).
  • the individual fingers 321, 322, 323 of the guide skid 32 are firmly connected to the corresponding individually mounted counter-pressure elements 311, 312, 313 of the scraper 31 and, in the rest position (if there are no mail items), plunge into the interstices of the trigger belt 20 consisting of several trigger bands ( see Fig. 6C).
  • the counter-pressure elements 311, 312, 313 are therefore individually supported in order to enable the fingers of the guide skid 32 to be pressed individually onto the letter lying in the linear withdrawal area, even if the thickness of the letter fluctuates in height.
  • the contact pressure of the letter on the take-off belt can be kept approximately constant at least in one line over the entire height of the letter.
  • 6A shows the scraper 31, which is rotatably mounted about the axis 131, in the rest position.
  • the dot-dashed lines are intended to indicate the position of the guide plate 28 when several mail items are present in the trigger area of the trigger device 4.
  • 6B shows a snapshot during the pulling process of a letter 111 in the pulling direction 11.
  • the switch 19 is preferably actuated, which shuts down the transport device 1 and the consignment units 40.
  • the rest position (no mail items in the take-off area) of the guide skids 321, 322, 323 or the counter-pressure elements 311, 312, 313 to the take-off belts 20 is shown in a side view shown in FIG. 6C.
  • FIGS. 7 to 11 a preferred embodiment of the guide unit on the left is for the proper transport of the letters into the withdrawal device 13 shown.
  • the guiding unit 13 is realized by a side band 34 which runs around two deflection rollers 33, for example.
  • the second deflection roller is not shown in FIG. 7, for example.
  • the vertical position of the guide plane 37 formed by the side flange 34 is preferably stabilized by means of a support wall 58 (see FIG. 8).
  • the circumferential side belt 34 ensures that the letters which are in contact with the guide plane 37 of the side belt 34 and which arrive tangentially on the take-off belt 20 at the takeover point P are preferably transported into the take-off device; this means that they cannot get stuck on the guide plane 37 and cannot be turned up around a horizontal axis by the pressure of subsequent letters or by differently occurring frictional forces between the letter base band and the letter side band.
  • the belt speeds in the order of magnitude of 0.5 to 1 m per second are advantageously chosen, the speed of the base belt preferably being greater than the speed of the left side belt 34.
  • a further right-hand side band 43 preferably prevents the letters from turning up when they arrive (see FIG. 8). Only one deflection roller 44 is also drawn there.
  • the speed v 34 of the left side band 34 is preferably greater than the speed v 43 of the right side band 43.
  • the speeds of the sideband and the base band can also be chosen to be the same.
  • belts with low grip are to be used for the side belts 34, 43.
  • the side bands 34, 43 and the base band 36 should have a low elasticity and have weak dielectric properties, i.e. H. have a dielectric constant that is as small as possible to prevent electrostatic charging of the letters.
  • the storage unit 38 contains in the vicinity of the control unit 3; 21 a sensor device which scans the thickness of the incoming letter stream and switches off the units 40 supplying letters arranged in front of it via a switch when a predetermined thickness is reached.
  • the storage unit 38 is implemented by a guide element 41, the guide plane 42 of which, relative to the transport direction 5 (that is to say the longitudinal direction of the base belt), is preferably at an acute angle than the guide plane 23 the right-hand control unit 21 is arranged.
  • the guide element 41 is, for example, mounted so as to be resiliently rotatable about an axis or, for example, is realized by a plate spring clamped on one side.
  • the minimum distance between the guide element level 42 and the guide level 37 of the left side band 34 depends on the letter thickness currently occurring at the resilient end of the guide element 41.
  • a switch 41 a is preferably arranged there, which actuates the yielding of the guide element 41 when a predetermined letter thickness is exceeded and thus switches off the units 40 arranged in front of letters.
  • additional guide rollers are preferably arranged in the storage unit 38.
  • FIG. 9 shows an advantageous embodiment of the storage unit 38 with guide rollers.
  • the storage unit 38 is designed in the form of a guide roller 48 rotatably mounted about a vertical axis 47 and guide element 49 arranged at a flat angle to the transport direction. Both are connected to one another via guide arms 46 of a rocker 45. Via the tension spring 50 of the rocker 45, a constant pressure is exerted by means of the guide roller 48 and the guide element 49 on the mail items located in the storage unit 38 at the location of the guide roller 48 and guide element level 149.
  • the guide roller 48 itself, which is attached to one end of the guide arm 46, is mounted for easy rotation about its axis.
  • FIG. 9 shows two guide roller / guide element combinations 48, 49, 45 and 148, 249, 145 arranged in series, each combination comprising a switch 51 and 151 for controlling the letter supplying units 40.
  • the positions of the guide rollers and guide elements, as shown in FIG. 9, correspond to the so-called rest position (no letters in the storage unit); if shipments occur, the guide rollers and guide elements evade by rotating the guide arms 46, 146 of the rockers 45, 145 about the axes of rotation 47, 147.
  • the angle between the guide element level 49 and the guide level 37 of the take-off belt 34 is preferably selected to be smaller than the angle of the guide element level of the guide element 249 and the guide level 37.
  • the 10A shows an embodiment in which a plurality of sensor devices equipped with switches are arranged along the storage path of the storage unit 38.
  • the sensor devices preferably consist of rockers 54, 62, 70, 71, 72, which are mounted so as to be resiliently rotatable about axes, on the guide arm ends of which rollers 52, 55, 73, 74, 75 are rotatably fastened. They are preferably located within a side band 53 which rotates around two deflection rollers 63, 52 and press on the inside of the side band 53 along the storage path and thus on the letters which are located in the storage path. The corresponding counter pressure is absorbed by the support wall 58 located within the left side band 34.
  • 10A are advantageously designed in such a way that a predetermined, approximately constant contact pressure of the rollers can be transmitted to the letters present in the storage unit 38 and thus to the support wall 58, regardless of the thickness that occurs; d. H. the springs should have the smallest possible spring constant.
  • weights should preferably be used as the driving forces.
  • the deflection roller 52 closest to the right-hand guide unit 21 is also resiliently mounted, so that it also serves as a sensor device in front of the guide unit 21 (see corresponding to FIG. 10A). If letters run into the storage path, in particular into the storage path area of the rollers 52, 55, 73, 74, 75, the rollers evade. H. the corresponding guide arm 154, 61, 170, 171, 172 of the rocker arm performs an angular rotation corresponding to the letter thickness currently occurring. When a predetermined angular rotation at the respective location of the guide roller 52, 55 is exceeded, a switch 59, 60 is actuated. The letter flow can be controlled with the switch states of the sensor devices along the storage path.
  • the letter feed can be controlled so that an approximately constant letter flow occurs in the withdrawal area. Due to the uniform feeding of letters into the withdrawal device, the pulp-like arrival of letters, which in extreme cases block the withdrawal device 4, can be avoided.
  • the advantage of the sideband 53 lies in (see also FIG. 9) that the letters transported in the storage unit are prevented from being turned up, so that the letters lying on one of their longitudinal edges are fed into the take-off device.
  • the take-off belt of the pull-off device 4 preferably stops briefly. This acts as an additional retention device for the subsequent letter closest to the pull-off belt 20 or a letter lying between the pull-off belt 20 and the scraper 14.
  • This control is advantageously implemented by means of a light barrier 67 which is arranged in the detection area of the rollers 64, 65 of the transport path 66 (see FIG. 10A).
  • another light barrier 68 is preferably arranged in the area of the control unit 3, which switches the switching functions of these switches in the event that no letters interrupts the light barrier 68.
  • letters continue to be sent to the control unit 21; 3 transported in until the light barrier 68 is interrupted (see FIG. 10A).
  • 10B shows the front view of the letters lying between the right and left side bands 53, 34, which lie on a longitudinal edge on the base band 36.
  • 10C shows the starting position of the rollers or the side belts 53, 34 when there are no letters.
  • FIG. 11 shows the side view of the comb 27 with its fingers - corresponding to the comb shown in FIG. 4 - the trigger bands 20, the left side band 34 and the base band 36.
  • the fingers are arranged parallel to the height of the gaps of the trigger bands 20. As shown in FIG. 3B, when there are no letters in the trigger area, they dip between the gaps of the trigger bands 20.
  • the conveyor belts - base belt and side belts - as well as the take-off belt are advantageously driven via the deflection rollers by means of electric motors which have an electromagnetic clutch-brake combination system which operates with low inertia.
  • the trigger tapes are coated with a material with a high coefficient of friction. So that the combs of the right-hand control unit 3 can take over a restraining function in the linear take-off area, the guide skids, for example, the fingers of the comb should preferably be formed with materials which have a coefficient of friction between the take-off belts and the guide levels arranged in front of the take-off area.
  • the separation is of course also possible in that instead of a deflection of the letters on a segment of a circle (deflection roller), a deflection on a parabola or hyperbolic or a combination takes place.
  • the deflecting body 80 is to be fixed and the pulling belt is driven by means of the other deflecting roller.
  • the web to be traversed during the peeling process must be selected according to the types of items to be separated (in terms of thickness, elasticity, etc.).
  • a path with a small curvature should be selected; in the case of elastic or thin letters, the curvature should preferably be chosen larger.
  • the deflecting body 80 shows a preferred embodiment of the deflecting body 80.
  • the mail items arriving in the take-off area are removed by means of a take-off belt 8; 20 which rotates around a parabolic deflection body (the surface of the deflection body is a parabolic cylinder).
  • a parabolic deflection body the surface of the deflection body is a parabolic cylinder.
  • Such an embodiment of the deflecting body has the advantage that individually adapted path curves can be selected for the deflection for the mail items to be separated. This is of great importance when extreme types of shipment, such as. B. Consignments of small thickness or greatest rigidity or low surface roughness.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Sorting Of Articles (AREA)
  • Separation, Sorting, Adjustment, Or Bending Of Sheets To Be Conveyed (AREA)
  • Sheets, Magazines, And Separation Thereof (AREA)
  • Delivering By Means Of Belts And Rollers (AREA)

Claims (18)

1. Dispositif de séparation pour objets plats tels que des lettres et des pièces justificatives, alignés sur l'un de leurs grands côtés dans le sens de l'amenée, amenés à intervalles quelconques ou au moins avec un recouvrement mutuel partiel, avec à l'entrée une unité de guidage (3), composée d'unités de guidage gauche et droite (12, 13) par rapport aux envois (2) arrivant dans le sens de transport (9) et à la sortie un dispositif d'extraction (4) avec au moins une bande d'extraction (8) tournant sur deux dispositifs de renvoi (6, 7), caractérisé en ce que l'unité de guidage extérieure (12) présente des bras formant un angle obtus et que l'unité de guidage (3), dans la zone de contact du disposition d'extraction (4) formé de la bande d'extraction (8) et de l'un des dispositifs de renvoi (6), renvoie les objets (2) amenés par un dispositif de transport (1) de la direction d'amenée (direction de transport 9) dans une direction d'extraction donnée (11) de sorte que les objets soient séparés par une approche (5) essentiellement tangentielle de ces mêmes objets de la bande de transport et par le guidage vers la fente de passage (8, 14) à la sortie, tant et si bien que seuls les objets (10) entrant directement en contact avec la bande d'extraction (8) en rotation soient extraits par frottement dans la direction d'extraction (1) par le fait qu'ils sont appuyés contre la bande d'extraction (8).
2. Dispositif de séparation selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'unité de guidage droite (12) commence à une distance de la zone d'extraction correspondant à la longueur la plus courante des envois et se trouve disposée de manière sensiblement parallèle depuis la zone d'extraction du dispositif d'extraction (4) et jusqu'à un racloir (14) disposé à l'extrémité de sortie du dispositif d'extraction (4),
en ce que l'unité de guidage de droite (12) de l'unité de guidage (3) est montée de manière à pivoter sur un axe vertical (16),
en ce que la distance entre le plan de guidage (17) de l'unite de guidage droite (12) à la bande d'extraction (8) dans la zone d'extraction est au moins aussi faible que l'épaisseur minimale des envois, lorsqu'il n'y a pas d'envois dans la zone d'extraction,
en ce que, en cas de présence d'au moins un envoi dans la zone d'extraction, l'unité de guidage droite (12) effectue un mouvement de rotation autour d'un axe vertical (16), en fonction de la pression exercée par l'épaisseur des envois (2) entrant dans la zone d'extraction et appuie sur les envois en exerçant une pression déterminée par un élément d'appui (18) sur la bande d'extraction (8),
en ce que, en cas de dépassement d'une épaisseur maximale donnée des envois dans la zone d'extraction, le captage du mouvement angulaire de l'unité de guidage droite (12) provoque une coupure du dispositif de transport (1) par une unité de commutation (19) et
en ce que l'unité de guidage gauche (13) de l'unité de guidage (3) est disposée de manière fixe tangentiellement à la surface de la bande d'extraction se trouvant dans la zone de contact de la bande d'extraction (8) et des dispositifs de renvoi (cylindre de renvoi 6).
3. Dispositif de séparation selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la bande d'extraction (8) est composée de plusieurs bandes d'extraction (20) disposées horizontalement les unes au-dessus des autres à des intervalles prédéterminés,
en ce que l'unité de guidage droite (12) a la forme d'un coin de guidage (21) avec un peigne (22) fixé à domeure à l'extrémité du coin,
en ce que la surface du flanc du coin servant de guidage force aux envois offre un frottement de glissement aussi faible que possible,
en ce que l'unité de guidage droite (12) réalisée sous la forme d'un coin de guidage (21,22) fonctionne comme une biellette oscillante, en ce que les doigts (24) du peigne (22) pénètrent dans les intervalles des bandes d'extraction (20) sous l'effest d'un ressort de traction (25) contenant la biellette oscillante et fixé au coin de guidage (21) jusqu'à une profondeur prédéterminée par le jeu de la biellette oscillante lorsqu'il n'y a pas d'envois dans la zone d'extraction,
en ce que, en présence d'envois dans la zone d'extraction, la biellette oscillante est décalée de sa position de repos d'un angle a dépendant de l'épaisseur instantanée des envois et retransmet une correspondante des envois aux bandes d'extraction (20) et
en ce que le dépassement de l'épaisseur maximale prédéterminée des envois entre le peigne (22) et les bandes d'extraction (20) provoque un arrêt du dispositif de transport (1) à l'aide d'un commutateur (26) détectant l'angle de rotation a de la biellette oscillante.
4. Dispositif de séparation selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que l'unité de guidage droite (12) a la forme d'un peigne (27) déformé dans la direction de la bande d'extraction conformément à la courbure de la trajectoire suivie par les envois pendant l'opération d'extraction et
en ce que le nombre de doigts du peigne (27) est choisi en fonction du nombre des intervallesformés par les bandes d'extraction.
5. Dispostif de séparation selon la revendication 3 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que l'unité de guidage droite (12) est réalisée, avant la zone déxtraction du dispositif d'extraction (4), sous la forme d'une tôle déflectrice (28) plane, montée élastiquement de manière à pouvoir tourner dans le sens de pivotement autour d'un axe vertical (128) et, dans la zone d'extraction, sous la forme d'un peigne (39) relié en au moins un point à un bras de guidage pivotant autour d'un axe vertical et monté élastiquement.
6. Dispositif de séparation selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que le peigne (30) a la forme d'un racloir (31) composé d'éléments de contre-appui montés individuellement sur paliers (311, 312, 313) avec un sabot de guidage (32; 321, 322, 323) tourné du côté des envois,
en ce que les éléments de contre-appui (311, 312,313) sont disposés horizontalement les une au-dessus des autres comme des doigts à une hauteur définie par les intervalles entre les bandes d'extraction (20).
7. Dispositif de séparation selon l'une des revendications 2 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le plan de guidage de l'unité de guidage droite (12) situé avant le point de transfert (P) forme un angle aigu avec le plan de guidage de l'unité de guidage gauche (13), cet angle pouvant être choisi en fonction de la nature des envois à traiter et
en ce que le changement de direction de transport subi par les envois entre la direction de transport avant (9) et après l'operation d'extraction (11) est choisi en fonction de la rigidité moyenne des envois à séparer.
8. Dispositif de séparation selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que le transport des envois dans la zone d'extraction du dispositif d'extraction (4) est principalement assuré par une bande de base (36) tournant sur deux cylindres (35).
9. Dispositif de séparation selon l'une des revendications 2 à 8, caractérisé en ce que l'unité de guidage gauche (13) de l'unité de guidage (3) a la forme d'une bande latérale (34) tournant sur des cylindres de renvoi (33) dans la direction du transport, et
en ce que l'entraînement par moteur électrique de la bande latérale gauche (34) est choisi en fonction de l'état de fonctionnement du dispositif de transport (1).
10. Dispositif de séparation selon l'une des revendications 2 à 9, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu avant l'unité de guidage droite (12) une autre bande latérale droite (43) tournant sur des cylindres de renvoi (44) et
en ce que le transport des envois entrant dans le dispositif de séparation est assuré par la bande laterale gauche (34), par la bande latérale droite (43) ainsi que par la bande de base (36) du dispositif de transport (1).
11. Dispositif de séparation selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de séparation est équipé d'une unité de stockage (38) disposée entre l'unité de guidage droite (12; 21) et la bande latérale droite (43),
en ce que l'unité de stockage (38) comporte à l'extrémité la plus proche de l'unité de guidage (12: 21) un dispositif capteur,
en ce que le dispositif capteur détecte de manière continue l'épaisseur du flux d'envois qui arrivent,
en ce que, lorsque le flux d'envois atteint une certaine épaisseur, le dispositif capteur coupe les unités (40) situées en amont de l'unité de stockage (38) et amenant les envois.
12. Dispositif de séparation selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que l'unité de stockage (38) contient au moins un élément de guidage (41) servant aux envois amenés et un dispositif capteur.
en ce que le plan (42) de l'élément de guidage (41) forme un angle plus aigu que celui formé par le plan de guidage (23) de l'unité de guidage droite (12) avec le plan de guidage (37) de l'unité de guidage gauche (13) en amont du point de transfert (P),
en ce que le transport des envois dans l'unité de stockage (38) est assuré par la bande de base (36) du dispositif de transport (1) et par la bande latérale de. gauche (34),
en ce que le dispositif capteur est réalisé sous la forme d'une version de l'élément de guidage (41) fixée élastiquement à une seule de ses extrémités avec un commutateur (41a),
en ce que la distance minimale entre l'elément de guidage (41) et le plan de guidage (37) opposé de l'unité de guidage gauche (13) s'établit en fonction de l'épaisseur instantanée des envois du fait de la force élastique de l'élement de guidage (41) et
en ce que en cas de dépassement de cette distance d'une valeur prédéterminée, le commutateur (41 a) coupe les unités (40) montées en amont de l'unité de stockage (38) et y amenant les envois.
13. Dispositif de séparation selon l'une des revendications 11 et 12, caractérisé en ce que l'unité de stockage (38) a la forme d'au moins une unité de compression (45) montée pivotante sur un axe (47), se composant d'un cylindre de guidage (48) disposé à l'extrémité d'un bras de guidage (46) et d'un élément de guidage (49) monté fixe sur le bras de guidage (46) d'une biellette oscillante et formant un angle plat avec le dispositif de transport,
en ce que la biellette oscillante, à l'aide d'un ressort de traction (50) agissant à l'autre extrémité du bras de guidage (46), exerce sur le cylindre de guidage (48) une pression constante sur les envois se trouvant dans l'unité de stockage (38), en ce que le cylindre de guidage (48) se place par rapport au plan de guidage (37) de la bande latérale gauche (34) à une distance prédéterminée qui est fonction de l'épaisseur des envois dans l'unité de stockage (38), et
en ce que, en cas de dépassement d'une épaisseur predéterminée des envois dans l'unité de stockage (38), l'arrêt du transport des envois par les unités (40) d'amenée des envois installées en amont est commandé par un commutateur (51
14. Dispositif de séparation selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que l'unité de stockage (38) comprend une bande latérale droite (53) tournant sur des cylindres de renvoi (52, 63),
en ce que le cylindre de renvoi (52) de la bande latérale droite (53) est disposé à côté de l'unité de guidage droite (12; 21),
en ce que le cylindre de renvoi (52) est fixé à l'extrémité d'un bras de guidage (154) d'une biellette oscillante (54) montée pivotante sous l'effet d'un élément élastique,
en ce qu'au moins un cylindre de guidage (55) monté pivotant à l'extrémité d'un bras de guidage (61) d'une autre biellette oscillante (62) est disposé entre le cylindre de renvoi (52) et l'autre cylindre de renvoi (63) de la bande latérale droite (53) à l'interieur de la bande latérale droite (53),
en ce que le cylindre de guidage (55) et le cylindre de renvoi (52) exercent à l'aide de forces élastiques (56, 156) une pression essentiellement constante sur les envois se trouvant dans l'unité de stockage (38) par l'intermédiaire du plan de guidage (57) de la bande latérale droite (53),
en ce qu'une contre-pression correspondante est appliquée à une paroi d'appui (58) disposée à l'intérieur de la bande latérale gauche (34),
en ce que le plan de guidage (57) de la bande latérale droite (53) prend par rapport au plan de guidage (37) de la bande latérale gauche (34) une distance correspondant à l'épaisseur des envois dans l'unité de stockage (38),
en ce qu'un enregistrement du dépassement d'une épaisseur prédéterminée des envois est effectué à l'endroit correspondant du cylindre de guidage (55) et/ou du cylindre de renvoi (52) par un commutateur mesurant l'angle de rotation (59, 60), et
en ce que l'amenée des envois dans l'unité de stockage (38) par les unités (40) d'amenée des envois installées en amont est commandée par la position des commutateurs (59, 60).
15. Dispositif de séparation selon l'une des revendications 1 à 14, avec une section de transport (66) équipée de cylindres (64, 65) suivant le dispositif d'extraction (4), caractérisé en ce que la section de transport (66) possède au moins une barrière photoélectrique (67),
en ce que, lorsque l'envoi extrait par le dispositif d'extraction (4) atteint la barrière photoélectrique (67) de la section de transport (66), la bande d'extraction (38) s'arrête jusqu'à ce qu'un intervalle de temps prédéterminé Δ soit écoulé ou jusqu'à ce qu'une distance prédéterminée Δx soit parcourue par l'envoi se trouvant à ce moment-là dans la section de transport (66).
16. Dispositif de séparation selon l'une des revendications 11 à 15, caractérisé en ce que l'unité de guidage (3; 21) possède dans sa zone d'entrée une autre barrière photoélectrique (68) qui, dans le mode de fonctionnement ininterrompu, inhibe les fonctions de commutation des commutateurs (19; 26) de l'unité de guidage et de l'unité de stockage (43; 51, 151), les bèndes de transport et latérales (36, 34, 53) étant arrêtées.
17. Dispositif de séparation selon l'une des revendications 1 à 16, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'extraction (4) contient d'une part un cylindre de renvoi (7) servant à l'entraînement de la bande d'extraction (8; 20) et d'autre part un corps de renvoi (80) fixe présentant une courbure différente,
en ce que la bande d'extraction (8: 20) passe sur le cylindre de renvoi (7) et sur le corps de renvoi (80),
en ce que la séparation des envois amenés est assurée par un renvoi de la direction de transport (9) vers la direction d'extraction (11) fondé sur la forme cylindrique du corps de renvoi (80).
18. Dispositif de séparation selon la revendication 17, caractérisé en ce que la surface interne (81) de la bande d'extraction (8; 20) en contact avec la surface de la virole du cylindre de renvoi (7), la surface de la virole du cylindre de renvoi (7) ainsi que la surface extérieure (82) de la bande d'extraction (8; 20) qui entre directement en contact avec les envois à extraire, sont revêtues d'un matériau à fort coefficient de frottement,
en ce que la surface du corps de renvoi (80) possède un coefficient de frottement aussi faible que possible et
en ce que les envois, pendant l'opération d'extraction, parcourent sur le corps de renvoi (80) une trajectoire parabolique ou hyperbolique.
EP85115129A 1984-12-05 1985-11-28 Dispositif de séparation Expired EP0185959B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3444335 1984-12-05
DE19843444335 DE3444335A1 (de) 1984-12-05 1984-12-05 Vereinzelungseinrichtung

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EP0185959A1 EP0185959A1 (fr) 1986-07-02
EP0185959B1 true EP0185959B1 (fr) 1989-03-08

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DE (2) DE3444335A1 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4819927A (en) * 1987-04-02 1989-04-11 Nec Corporation Flat article feeding apparatus comprising a plurality of reversedly driven and individually urged pulleys
US5456457A (en) * 1994-06-20 1995-10-10 Bell & Howell Company High speed separator with movable hold back belt for high speed flats feeder
DE19729430A1 (de) * 1997-07-09 1999-01-14 Siemens Ag Vorrichtung zum Verhindern von Doppelabzügen
EP1547948B2 (fr) † 2003-12-23 2012-11-14 Böwe Bell & Howell GmbH Dispositif pour séparer des lettres
EP2260950B1 (fr) 2009-06-08 2012-12-26 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé et dispositif de transport régulé d'objets
DE102009031161A1 (de) * 2009-06-30 2011-01-05 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum geregelten Transport von Gegenständen
US8353510B2 (en) * 2010-05-17 2013-01-15 Lindsay Brett A Variable media feed system and printhead apparatus
CN109146029A (zh) * 2018-08-15 2019-01-04 广州大麦信息科技有限公司 一种自动化护照分拣系统

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3166312A (en) * 1962-04-28 1965-01-19 Telefunken Patent Conveying device
DE1254085B (de) * 1965-04-30 1967-11-09 Siemens Ag Zwischenstapler zum Stapeln von flachen Gegenstaenden, wie Briefen, Postkarten
DE1279548B (de) * 1967-07-31 1968-10-03 Siemens Ag Synchronisiereinrichtung fuer schnell bewegtes, flaches Foerdergut
US3825248A (en) * 1972-09-07 1974-07-23 L Friend Singulator device for letter mail
DE2327932A1 (de) * 1973-06-01 1974-12-19 Licentia Gmbh Foerdereinrichtung
US4098458A (en) * 1976-10-27 1978-07-04 Peripheral Dynamics, Inc. Adjustable width document reader
GB2030116B (en) * 1978-09-14 1982-11-10 Burroughs Corp Constant spacing document feeder
US4453667A (en) * 1982-01-18 1984-06-12 Qonaar Corporation Bill transport system for a farebox
DE3317863A1 (de) * 1983-05-17 1984-11-22 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt Reibvereinzeler

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DE3444335A1 (de) 1986-06-05
US4691913A (en) 1987-09-08
EP0185959A1 (fr) 1986-07-02
DE3568561D1 (en) 1989-04-13

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