EP0178735B1 - Schaltungsanordnung zum Zünden und Betrieb von Gasentladungs-lampen - Google Patents

Schaltungsanordnung zum Zünden und Betrieb von Gasentladungs-lampen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0178735B1
EP0178735B1 EP85201666A EP85201666A EP0178735B1 EP 0178735 B1 EP0178735 B1 EP 0178735B1 EP 85201666 A EP85201666 A EP 85201666A EP 85201666 A EP85201666 A EP 85201666A EP 0178735 B1 EP0178735 B1 EP 0178735B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lamp
ignition
capacitor
circuit arrangement
choke coil
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP85201666A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0178735A1 (de
Inventor
Horst Dannert
Hans-Günter Ganser
Ralf Dr. Schäfer
Hans-Peter Dr. Stormberg
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Philips Intellectual Property and Standards GmbH
Koninklijke Philips NV
Original Assignee
Philips Patentverwaltung GmbH
Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV
Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Philips Patentverwaltung GmbH, Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV, Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV filed Critical Philips Patentverwaltung GmbH
Publication of EP0178735A1 publication Critical patent/EP0178735A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0178735B1 publication Critical patent/EP0178735B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/02—Details
    • H05B41/04—Starting switches
    • H05B41/042—Starting switches using semiconductor devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a circuit arrangement for igniting and operating gas discharge lamps with a choke coil arranged between the lamp and the AC supply source and having an inductance L and an ignition device connected to the lamp, at least part of the choke coil being a capacitor with a capacitance C, at least temporarily in parallel is switched, its reactance is.
  • a capacitor is only connected in parallel after the lamp has been ignited. This capacitor only serves to compensate for the power factor and to regulate the lamp current to the nominal value after the ignition phase has ended.
  • This ignition process consists of three stages, namely a first ionization of the discharge path, called breakdown, a subsequent low-current glow discharge between the lamp electrodes and the subsequent transition of the glow discharge into the actual high-current arc discharge.
  • a common cause of ignition difficulties is an unstable transition from glow to arc discharge.
  • Amalgam filling such as high-pressure sodium lamps filled with Na / Hg amalgam, occurs in the case of an unfavorable amalgam distribution in the discharge vessel, the discharge approach on the amalgam instead of on the electrodes. This makes the glow / arc transition difficult and the lamp remains in the glow phase, i.e. the ignition failed.
  • Similar problems arise when relighting lamps that are still hot.
  • the effect often occurs that the transition from the glow to the arc discharge is brief, i.e. during a small part of an AC half-wave, and then the change back into a glow discharge takes place.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a circuit arrangement for igniting and operating gas discharge lamps with a choke coil bridged by a capacitor, in which no re-ignition problems occur in the zero-current crossing and which nevertheless enables reliable ignition of the lamp both in the cold and in the hot state .
  • the capacitor only works when the lamp is ignited.
  • the time constant R. C is chosen so that the pulse-like charging times of the capacitor do not become too short. Charging times that are too short would impair the ignition behavior of the lamp. Since short charging times require very high peak currents, they could also stimulate the lamp to emit infrared radiation, which could lead to malfunctions in remote control systems working with infrared radiation.
  • the capacitor can be switched off after the lamp has been ignited. However, if there is a certain size ohmic resistor in series with the capacitor, the capacitor may remain in the circuit after the lamp is fired. This series resistor is normally so low that only a very small current flows through the parallel circuit consisting of this resistor and the capacitor to the choke coil, so that the capacitor behaves as switched off to the outside.
  • the capacitor has a further ohmic resistor with a value R addition in parallel that its discharge time constant R add .
  • C is between 0.05 and 20 ms.
  • the resistance value R add is again greater than the impedance of the choke coil.
  • the passive component (s) lying in the parallel current path to the inductor can be switched off after the lamp has been ignited.
  • a switch in the parallel current path to the inductor which is opened after the lamp has been ignited.
  • This switch can be a bimetallic switch or part of a switching relay located in the main lamp circuit.
  • these switches are not particularly fast; in addition, their contacts wear out over time due to the high lamp ignition current. It is therefore more advantageous to use fast and maintenance-free semiconductor switching elements as switches, e.g. Transistors, triacs or thyristors.
  • a and B are input terminals for connection to an AC network of e.g. Designated 220 V, 50 Hz.
  • a gas discharge lamp 2 is connected to these input terminals via a choke coil 1.
  • the circuit part behind the connecting terminals C and D is the actual ignition device 3 for the lamp 2, which can advantageously be integrated in the lamp base.
  • This ignition device 3 contains a high-voltage transformer 4, the secondary winding of which is connected between the choke coil 1 and the lamp 2.
  • a surge capacitor 5 is connected in series with a charging resistor 6 to one side of the primary winding of the high-voltage transformer 4. The other side of the primary winding is connected to a symmetrically switching four-layer diode 7 (Sidac) (cf. US Pat. No.
  • the described ignition device 3 works as a superposition igniter and can be accommodated in the base of the lamp 2.
  • the ignition pulses generated by the ignition device 3 trigger the initial ionization of the gas mixture in the lamp 2 that initiates the ignition process.
  • the ignition pulses are generated as follows:
  • the surge capacitor 5 is charged via the charging resistor 6.
  • the charging resistor 6 As soon as it reaches a voltage that is above the breakdown voltage of the Sidac 7, it switches to its low-resistance state, so that the surge capacitor 5 discharges through the primary winding of the high-voltage transformer 4.
  • a high-voltage pulse is generated in the secondary winding of the transformer 4, which pulse reaches the lamp 2 via the HF return capacitor 8.
  • the Sidac 7 becomes non-conductive again.
  • the charging resistor 6 and the breakdown voltage of the Sidacs 7 are selected so that approximately one to five firing pulses occur in the vicinity of the maximum of the AC mains voltage.
  • the RF return capacitor 8 can be kept very small and often even omitted, since the path consisting of the surge capacitor 5 and the charging resistor 6 can also serve as an RF return.
  • the inductance of the choke coil 1 is selected so that the normal lamp current flows in normal operation, ie after the lamp 2 has been warmed up. If an initial ionization occurs in the lamp 2 due to the high-voltage pulse generated by the ignition device 3, current can flow through the choke coil 1 to the lamp 2. However, since this current is limited to approximately the nominal lamp current by the inductance L of the choke coil 1 and, in addition, the rate of current rise is limited by the choke, in many cases this alone is not sufficient to reliably ignite the lamp 2. Therefore, a current path is provided in parallel to the choke coil 1 with a capacitor 9 in series with an ohmic resistor 10.
  • the capacitance C of the capacitor 9 is designed so that its reactance for the frequency of the AC network is a few hundred ohms to a few kilohms (depending on the coil size ) is and is therefore large against the impedance of the inductor 1
  • a high charging current flows briefly through the capacitor 9 and thus through the lamp 2. This short charging current is sufficient to ignite the lamp 2.
  • the resistor 10 connected in series with the capacitor 9 serves to limit the charging current in order to prevent adverse effects of an excessively high charging current on the lamp 2 or other circuit parts.
  • the value R of the ohmic resistor 10 is chosen so that the time constant R. C is between 10 microseconds and 1 ms, so that the pulse-like charging times of the capacitor 9 are sufficiently long.
  • Bimetal switches take a certain amount of time to close after the lamp has been extinguished. During this time, the parallel current path to the inductor is not yet closed again, so that reliable re-ignition of the lamp, which is still hot, is not always guaranteed.
  • This disadvantage can be avoided if a switching relay 14 according to FIG. 3 is used instead of a bimetal switch.
  • the relay coil 15 is in series with the choke coil 1 in the main circuit of the lamp 2.
  • the actual relay switch 16 is in the parallel current path to the choke coil 1 in series with the capacitor 9 and the ohmic resistor 10.
  • the lamp is ignited here, as shown in FIG. 1 has been described. After the lamp has been ignited, such a high lamp current flows through the relay coil 15 that it is excited and the relay switch 16 opens.
  • the capacitor 9, the ohmic resistor 10 and a triac 17 lie in the parallel current path to the inductor 1.
  • the control electrode of the triac 17 is connected via a trigger diode 18 and a protective resistor 19 to a capacitor 20, which in turn is charged via a resistor 21. If the voltage across the capacitor 20 exceeds the breakdown voltage of the trigger diode 18 of approximately 30 V, the trigger diode becomes conductive and thus the triac 17 is also switched to its conductive state.
  • the resistor 21 it can be achieved that the switching time of the triac 17 lies before the response time of the ignition device 3 and thus an increased current can flow through the lamp 2 during the ignition process.
  • the capacitor 20 can no longer charge up to the breakdown voltage of the trigger diode 18, so that the triac 17 remains blocked.
  • the capacitor discharges at extinguished lamp 2 9, 4 in the circuit arrangement of FIG. Connected in parallel with capacitor 9 a further ohmic resistor 22, whose value R zus such is chosen that the discharge time constant R add .
  • C is between 0.05 and 20 msec. This facilitates subsequent ignition of the lamp, since otherwise the charging current may be too low.
  • the choke coil is divided into two parts 1a and 1b, the parallel current path with the parallel connection of the capacitor 9 and the further ohmic resistor 22 in series with the triac 17 only Choke coil part 1a is parallel.
  • the choke coil part 1b is always in the main circuit of the lamp 2.
  • Typical data of the components used in the exemplary embodiments are, for example:
  • the high voltage transformer 4 had no core and had a transmission ratio of 1:60.
  • transformers with a core and versions as an autotransformer can also be used.
  • the igniter used does not necessarily have to be a superimposed igniter, but other types also come, e.g. Antenna detonator (see DE-OS 31 09 539), in question.

Landscapes

  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
  • Discharge Lamps And Accessories Thereof (AREA)
EP85201666A 1984-10-17 1985-10-11 Schaltungsanordnung zum Zünden und Betrieb von Gasentladungs-lampen Expired - Lifetime EP0178735B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19843438002 DE3438002A1 (de) 1984-10-17 1984-10-17 Schaltungsanordnung zum zuenden und betrieb von gasentladungslampen
DE3438002 1984-10-17

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0178735A1 EP0178735A1 (de) 1986-04-23
EP0178735B1 true EP0178735B1 (de) 1991-01-02

Family

ID=6248083

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85201666A Expired - Lifetime EP0178735B1 (de) 1984-10-17 1985-10-11 Schaltungsanordnung zum Zünden und Betrieb von Gasentladungs-lampen

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4714862A (hu)
EP (1) EP0178735B1 (hu)
JP (1) JPS6196698A (hu)
CA (1) CA1255744A (hu)
DE (2) DE3438002A1 (hu)
HU (1) HU199050B (hu)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5118994A (en) * 1990-05-25 1992-06-02 Gte Laboratories Incorporated Method and circuit for improved hid lamp maintenance
US5298837A (en) * 1992-09-22 1994-03-29 Online Energy, Inc. Ultraviolet flash dryer
DE19544842A1 (de) * 1995-12-01 1997-06-05 Bosch Gmbh Robert Eingangsbeschaltung für eine Zündvorrichtung einer Hochdruck-Gasentladungslampe
US6313588B1 (en) * 1999-09-22 2001-11-06 Lutron Electronics Company, Inc. Signal generator and control unit for sensing signals of signal generator
EP1107651A3 (de) * 1999-12-10 2004-12-08 Otto Diez Elektromaschinenbau Anordnung mit einer Gasentladungslampe
ATE392794T1 (de) * 2002-03-13 2008-05-15 Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv Elektrische schaltung zum zünden einer entladungslampe, bauteilmodul und lampe mit solch einer elektrischen schaltung
DE102004045834A1 (de) * 2004-09-22 2006-03-23 Bag Electronics Gmbh Zündgerät
US7339330B2 (en) * 2005-12-06 2008-03-04 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd. Methods and circuits for instant hot restart of high intensity discharge lamps

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2717337A (en) * 1951-04-09 1955-09-06 Lucas Industries Ltd Electric spark ignition apparatus
US3586817A (en) * 1970-01-09 1971-06-22 Union Carbide Corp Method and apparatus for stabilizing an ac arc
US3866088A (en) * 1971-11-29 1975-02-11 New Nippon Electric Co Discharge lamp starter device using a backswing voltage booster and characterized by the absence of a preheating function
NL7402779A (nl) * 1974-03-01 1975-09-03 Philips Nv Inrichting voorzien van een gas- en/of damp- ontladingslamp.
US3944876A (en) * 1974-09-30 1976-03-16 Chadwick-Helmuth Company, Inc. Rapid starting of gas discharge lamps
GB1593544A (en) * 1977-06-27 1981-07-15 Gen Electric Co Ltd Circuits for operating electric discharge lamps
US4169259A (en) * 1978-06-05 1979-09-25 Gte Sylvania Incorporated Frequency sensitive switching circuit
DE3108548C2 (de) * 1981-03-06 1986-07-31 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH, 8000 München Zündschaltung für eine Hochdruckmetalldampfentladungslampe
DE3108547A1 (de) * 1981-03-06 1982-10-07 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH, 8000 München "zuendschaltung fuer eine hochdruckmetalldampfentladungslampe"
DE3145234A1 (de) * 1981-11-13 1983-07-21 České vysoké učení technické v Praze, Praha Vorschaltkreis fuer den betrieb von entladungslampenquellen
US4553072A (en) * 1981-11-30 1985-11-12 Ceske Vysoke Uceni Technicke V Praze Circuit connected in series with a discharge valve source

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0178735A1 (de) 1986-04-23
DE3581041D1 (de) 1991-02-07
JPS6196698A (ja) 1986-05-15
US4714862A (en) 1987-12-22
DE3438002A1 (de) 1986-04-17
CA1255744A (en) 1989-06-13
HU199050B (en) 1989-12-28
HUT39036A (en) 1986-07-28

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