EP0175954A2 - Interrupteur à gaz comprimé - Google Patents

Interrupteur à gaz comprimé Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0175954A2
EP0175954A2 EP85110863A EP85110863A EP0175954A2 EP 0175954 A2 EP0175954 A2 EP 0175954A2 EP 85110863 A EP85110863 A EP 85110863A EP 85110863 A EP85110863 A EP 85110863A EP 0175954 A2 EP0175954 A2 EP 0175954A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
volume
gas
compression
pressure
arcing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP85110863A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0175954B1 (fr
EP0175954A3 (en
Inventor
Gerhard Mauthe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland
Original Assignee
BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland filed Critical BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland
Publication of EP0175954A2 publication Critical patent/EP0175954A2/fr
Publication of EP0175954A3 publication Critical patent/EP0175954A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0175954B1 publication Critical patent/EP0175954B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H33/901—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism making use of the energy of the arc or an auxiliary arc
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H2033/906—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism with pressure limitation in the compression volume, e.g. by valves or bleeder openings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H2033/908—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism using valves for regulating communication between, e.g. arc space, hot volume, compression volume, surrounding volume

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a gas pressure switch according to the first part of patent claim 1.
  • Such a pressure gas switch is already known from US-A-4 139 732.
  • extinguishing gas heated and compressed by the switching arc is stored in a heating volume when switched off.
  • Compressed extinguishing gas is additionally generated when switched off by moving a compressor piston in a compression space connected to the heating volume via a check valve.
  • This measure enables the switching arc to be extinguished with a comparatively low drive energy even if the pressure of the quenching gas compressed by heating is low in the heating volume.
  • the high pressure of the compressed extinguishing gas stored in the heating volume closes the check valve and inhibits the movement of the compression piston sliding in the compression volume.
  • a pressure gas switch is also known from EP-PS 0 035 581, in which the blowing pressure required for the arc extinguishing by the arc in an arc space self-generated and fed through a non-return valve into a pressure storage room, where it is stored until the blowing begins. Furthermore, a compression piston is specified, which provides a further delayed compressed quenching gas, which is fed into the pressure storage chamber via a check valve and from there, together with the compressed quenching gas generated by the arc itself, flows into the arc chamber via a further check valve and from there blowing the arc to flow into an expansion room.
  • the blowing pressure generated by the arc is low, so that the arc space is sufficient for its storage and the check valve from the arc space to the pressure storage space does not open.
  • the compressed quenching gas generated by the compression piston irrespective of the switch-off current, flows, as already mentioned, through two further check valves in series into the arc chamber and blows the arc from there.
  • the gas pressure generated by the arc is so great that both the arc space and the pressure storage space are fully acted on.
  • the compressed extinguishing gas generated by the compression piston can therefore initially not reach the pressure storage space since it is at a lower pressure.
  • the invention as characterized in the claims, has for its object to provide a gas pressure switch of the type mentioned, the breaking capacity is increased while reducing the drive energy.
  • the compressed gas switch according to the invention is characterized in that, without the use of additional moving parts, the compression pressure is limited and reduced in a safe and targeted manner before a certain maximum value that is decisive for the drive design is exceeded, and thereby at the same time the possibility of a particularly effective double inflation of the extinguishing switching arc is opened. It has also proven to be advantageous that the compression slide is controlled in terms of force during the entire switch-off stroke in such a way that inadmissible stresses are avoided.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 each show an axial section through a compressed gas switch designed according to the invention, the switch-off state on the right of the dash-dot line and the left of it the switch-on state is shown.
  • the same parts, or parts that fulfill the same function, are provided with the same reference numerals.
  • the compressed gas switch according to the invention in accordance with F.ig. 1 has a cylindrical housing 1, preferably made of insulating material, which is closed off at the top by a pressure-tight recessed metallic connecting flange 2. Downward, likewise pressure-tight, a cylindrical metal housing 3 (not shown completely) closes off the compressed gas switch.
  • An end wall 4 of the metal housing 3 carries a hollow cylinder 5.
  • An opening provided with a piston ring in the center of the end wall 4 and also the hollow cylinder 5 serve as a guide for a compression slide 6, which can be moved axially up and down by the switch drive (not shown).
  • the compression slide 6 consists of a hollow cylindrical shaft 7, at the upper end of which a hollow arcing contact 8 of a movable contact piece Ba is attached, and a compression piston 9, which has a cylindrical extension acting as a nominal current contact 9a of the contact piece 8a, into which a Insulating nozzle 10 is screwed in.
  • Insulating nozzle 10, compression piston 9 and rated current contact 9a form an arcing chamber housing 10a and limit a heating volume 11 coaxially surrounding the arcing contact 8.
  • Front wall 4, hollow cylinder 5, shaft 7 and compression piston 9 limit a compression volume 12
  • Check valve 12a is vented from an expansion volume 13 and vented in the direction of heating volume 11 via a check valve 14 built into the compression piston 9.
  • a pressure relief valve 30 responds, which allows the excess pressure to escape into the expansion volume 13.
  • several grooves 15, 16 are provided in the shaft 7, each of which vent the compression volume 12 in the direction of the expansion volume 13 for a short time. These grooves 15, 16 extend in the axial direction and, in order to keep the mechanical stress on a piston ring sliding over them small, are deeper than wide. They can also have different lengths and can also, at least partially, also lie in the inner wall of the hollow cylinder 5.
  • the arcing contact 8 or the nominal current contact 9a delimiting the extinguishing chamber housing 10a radially outwards are in engagement with a solid arcing contact 17 or a hollow nominal current contact 18 of a switching element 17a conductively connected to the connecting flange 2.
  • the nominal current path of this compressed gas switch runs from the connecting flange 2 via the nominal current contacts 18 and 9a to the compression piston 9 and further via the shaft 7 to a contact tap (not shown) with a further connecting flange.
  • an additional compression device independent of the arc, for generating compressed extinguishing gas is provided and, by suitable dimensioning of the length of the outflow channel 32, between the free end of the arcing contact 8 facing the fixed contact piece 17 and openings 33 in the shaft 7, in which the outflow channel 32 in the expansion volume 13 opens out, ensuring that only a small proportion of the heated quenching gas can escape in the initial phase of arcing.
  • a suitable length dimensioning of the outflow channel 32 can be between c / 32f and c / 3f, where c is the speed of sound of the extinguishing gas under filling conditions and f is the mains frequency of the current to be switched off. It has been shown that such a dimensioning makes it difficult for the quenching gas to flow out of the arcing zone into the expansion space 13 when small arcing currents are present. This should be due to the fact that, in the case of outflow channels 32 of this type, the cool extinguishing gas located in the outflow channel 32 blocks the outflow of the heated extinguishing gas located in the arc zone and favors the inflow of the heated extinguishing gas into the heating volume 11.
  • a compression wave forms in the arc zone in the arc zone, which propagates at the speed of sound c, which is carried away in the outflow channel 32 and, with a suitable length dimensioning of the outflow channel 32, is reflected as a dilution wave at its end open to the expansion space 13 such that the reflected dilution wave arrives again in the area of the arcing zone at about the time of the current zero crossing.
  • the quenching gas generated in the compression volume 12 flows in a very short way via the check valve 14 directly into the heating volume 11.
  • the compressed in the heating volume 11 Extinguishing gas reaches the extinguishing zone when the current approaches the zero crossing and causes an opening 34 in the as soon as the fixed arcing contact 17 Extinguishing chamber wall 10a has released a double and therefore particularly effective blowing of the arc.
  • the grooves are covered and therefore ineffective.
  • pressure peaks can occur during the compression process. These can be controlled without drive amplification by the pressure relief valve 14 and / or by a comparatively large extension of the grooves 16 to close to the grooves 15. Shortly before reaching the switch-off position, in a stroke range where the arc has already been extinguished, and where therefore none Blowing is more necessary, the remaining compression pressure is discharged via the grooves 16 into the expansion volume 13. This measure enables the required switch drive energy and thus also the drive itself to be kept particularly small.
  • FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the compressed gas switch derived from FIG. 1.
  • the compression slide 6 contains instead of the compression piston 9 a compression piston with sleeve 20 and instead of the end wall 4 a fixed piston 19 which is rigidly connected to the metal housing 3.
  • the compression slide 6 slides sealingly over the piston 19 and together with it encloses the compression volume 12.
  • the check valve 12a provided for filling the compression volume 12 is installed, which allows the compression volume 12 to be vented to the expansion volume 13 when the switch is turned on.
  • the arcing contact 17 of the fixed switching element 17a is hollow, as a result of which the base point of the arcing is blown particularly intensively at this arcing contact.
  • the arrangement according to FIG. 2 has the advantage that both running surfaces of the piston rings inserted into the piston 19 are shielded against switching dust falling from above.
  • the running surface of the internal piston ring is particularly well protected, since the compressed gas flowing through the grooves 15 and 16 into the gap 21 also keeps contaminants away. If part of the grooves 15 and 16 were laid in the inner wall of the compression piston with sleeve 20, the running surface of the outer piston ring could be protected in a similarly advantageous manner.

Landscapes

  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)
EP85110863A 1984-09-26 1985-08-29 Interrupteur à gaz comprimé Expired EP0175954B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH461084 1984-09-26
CH4610/84 1984-09-26

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0175954A2 true EP0175954A2 (fr) 1986-04-02
EP0175954A3 EP0175954A3 (en) 1987-04-08
EP0175954B1 EP0175954B1 (fr) 1989-11-15

Family

ID=4279309

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85110863A Expired EP0175954B1 (fr) 1984-09-26 1985-08-29 Interrupteur à gaz comprimé

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US4658108A (fr)
EP (1) EP0175954B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH07109744B2 (fr)
BR (1) BR8504579A (fr)
CA (1) CA1266699A (fr)
DE (2) DE3438635A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES8702733A1 (fr)
HU (1) HU192364B (fr)
IN (1) IN165782B (fr)
PL (1) PL151229B1 (fr)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0334008A2 (fr) * 1988-03-25 1989-09-27 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-GmbH Interrupteur mono-pression à SF6
FR2657998A1 (fr) * 1990-02-07 1991-08-09 Alsthom Gec Disjoncteur a moyenne ou haute tension a autosoufflage.
EP0582906A1 (fr) * 1992-08-01 1994-02-16 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Interrupteur
EP0752714A1 (fr) * 1995-07-06 1997-01-08 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-GmbH Disjoncteur à gaz comprimé
EP0753873A1 (fr) * 1995-07-13 1997-01-15 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Disjoncteur haute tension ayant un corps isolant
EP0821382A1 (fr) * 1996-07-23 1998-01-28 Gec Alsthom T & D Sa Disjoncteur à haute tension à autosoufflage d'arc
EP0933795A2 (fr) * 1998-01-29 1999-08-04 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Disjoncteur à gaz
EP2816581A1 (fr) * 2013-06-19 2014-12-24 ABB Technology AG Disjoncteur haute tension isolé au gaz
EP3200214A4 (fr) * 2014-09-25 2017-09-20 Hyundai Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. Disjoncteur isolé au gaz

Families Citing this family (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3618345A1 (de) * 1986-05-30 1987-12-03 Siemens Ag Elektrischer druckgasschalter
JPH0215481Y2 (fr) * 1986-08-22 1990-04-25
DE3843405C1 (fr) * 1988-12-23 1990-06-13 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt, De
DE3915700C3 (de) * 1989-05-13 1997-06-19 Aeg Energietechnik Gmbh Druckgasschalter mit Verdampfungskühlung
DE3942489C2 (de) * 1989-12-22 1994-03-10 Licentia Gmbh Druckgasschalter
DE4402935A1 (de) * 1994-02-01 1995-08-03 Abb Patent Gmbh Kontaktsystem für einen Hochspannungsleistungsschalter
DE4412249A1 (de) * 1994-04-06 1995-10-12 Siemens Ag Elektrischer Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalter mit einem Heizraum und einem Kompressionsraum
DE59404639D1 (de) * 1994-06-20 1998-01-02 Gec Alsthom T & D Ag Druckgasschalter
DE29620442U1 (de) * 1996-11-18 1997-01-23 Siemens AG, 80333 München Hochspannungsdruckgasschalter
FR2808618B1 (fr) * 2000-05-03 2002-06-14 Alstom Disjoncteur comportant, dans une enveloppe remplie d'un gaz dielectrique sous pression, un ensemble mobile
DE10125101A1 (de) * 2001-05-23 2002-11-28 Abb Patent Gmbh Selbstblas-Löschkammer eines Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalters
DE10125100A1 (de) * 2001-05-23 2002-11-28 Abb Patent Gmbh Selbstblas-Löschkammer eines Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalters
US20050045595A1 (en) * 2003-09-03 2005-03-03 Christian Daehler Pressure-limiting valve for a puffer interrupter assembly
FR2892851B1 (fr) * 2005-11-03 2013-12-06 Areva T & D Sa Chambre de coupure de courant a double chambre de compression
JP4660407B2 (ja) * 2006-03-27 2011-03-30 株式会社東芝 ガス絶縁開閉器
JP2008210710A (ja) 2007-02-27 2008-09-11 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 電力用ガス遮断器
FR2947377B1 (fr) * 2009-06-29 2011-07-22 Areva T & D Sa Valve a clapet de decharge destinee a decharger un gaz dielectrique entre deux volumes d'une chambre de coupure de disjoncteur haute ou moyenne tension
EP2343721A1 (fr) * 2010-01-06 2011-07-13 ABB Research Ltd. Commutateur à haute tension isolé du gaz
JP5872260B2 (ja) * 2011-11-22 2016-03-01 株式会社東芝 電力用ガス絶縁機器およびその製造方法
JP6157824B2 (ja) 2012-09-28 2017-07-05 株式会社東芝 ガス遮断器
JP6289856B2 (ja) 2013-10-16 2018-03-07 株式会社東芝 ガス遮断器
DE102016218518C5 (de) * 2016-09-27 2023-05-11 Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG Kontaktstück für einen Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalter sowie Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
WO2020188754A1 (fr) 2019-03-19 2020-09-24 株式会社 東芝 Disjoncteur à gaz
WO2021138366A1 (fr) * 2019-12-31 2021-07-08 Southern States Llc Commutateur de puissance électrique haute tension avec électrodes d'arc de carbone et gaz diélectrique de dioxyde de carbone

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4139752A (en) * 1975-05-30 1979-02-13 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Gas-type circuit-breaker
EP0039096A2 (fr) * 1980-04-25 1981-11-04 BBC Aktiengesellschaft Brown, Boveri & Cie. Commutateur à piston de soufflage

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2079896A5 (fr) * 1970-02-16 1971-11-12 Merlin Gerin
FR2291601A1 (fr) * 1974-11-15 1976-06-11 Alsthom Cgee Dispositif de coupure a autocompression
CH590552A5 (fr) * 1975-09-26 1977-08-15 Sprecher & Schuh Ag
JPS5537748A (en) * 1978-09-07 1980-03-15 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Breaker
US4276456A (en) * 1978-10-23 1981-06-30 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Double-flow puffer-type compressed-gas circuit-interrupter
JPS55124919A (en) * 1979-03-20 1980-09-26 Hitachi Ltd Buffer gas breaker
JPS56128530A (en) * 1980-03-11 1981-10-08 Nissin Electric Co Ltd Breaker with gas sprayer
JPS5678023A (en) * 1980-08-25 1981-06-26 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Switch
CH655611B (fr) * 1981-06-18 1986-04-30
JPS58108624A (ja) * 1981-12-22 1983-06-28 三菱電機株式会社 パツフア−形ガスしや断器
CH658745A5 (de) * 1982-10-25 1986-11-28 Sprecher & Schuh Ag Druckgasschalter.
DD212353A1 (de) * 1982-12-21 1984-08-08 Liebknecht Transformat Druckgasschalter
DD212352A1 (de) * 1982-12-21 1984-08-08 Liebknecht Transformat Selbstloeschender druckgasschalter

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4139752A (en) * 1975-05-30 1979-02-13 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Gas-type circuit-breaker
EP0039096A2 (fr) * 1980-04-25 1981-11-04 BBC Aktiengesellschaft Brown, Boveri & Cie. Commutateur à piston de soufflage

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0334008A2 (fr) * 1988-03-25 1989-09-27 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-GmbH Interrupteur mono-pression à SF6
EP0334008A3 (fr) * 1988-03-25 1991-01-23 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-GmbH Interrupteur mono-pression à SF6
FR2657998A1 (fr) * 1990-02-07 1991-08-09 Alsthom Gec Disjoncteur a moyenne ou haute tension a autosoufflage.
EP0441292A1 (fr) * 1990-02-07 1991-08-14 Gec Alsthom Sa Disjoncteur à moyenne ou haute tension à autosoufflage
US5126516A (en) * 1990-02-07 1992-06-30 Gec Alsthom Sa Puffer-type medium or high tension circuit breaker
EP0582906A1 (fr) * 1992-08-01 1994-02-16 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Interrupteur
US5514844A (en) * 1992-08-01 1996-05-07 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Switch
EP0752714A1 (fr) * 1995-07-06 1997-01-08 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-GmbH Disjoncteur à gaz comprimé
EP0753873A1 (fr) * 1995-07-13 1997-01-15 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Disjoncteur haute tension ayant un corps isolant
EP0821382A1 (fr) * 1996-07-23 1998-01-28 Gec Alsthom T & D Sa Disjoncteur à haute tension à autosoufflage d'arc
FR2751782A1 (fr) * 1996-07-23 1998-01-30 Gec Alsthom T & D Sa Disjoncteur a haute tension a auto-soufflage d'arc
US5808257A (en) * 1996-07-23 1998-09-15 Gec Alsthom T & D Sa High-voltage gas-blast circuit-breaker
EP0933795A2 (fr) * 1998-01-29 1999-08-04 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Disjoncteur à gaz
EP0933795A3 (fr) * 1998-01-29 2000-05-31 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Disjoncteur à gaz
EP2816581A1 (fr) * 2013-06-19 2014-12-24 ABB Technology AG Disjoncteur haute tension isolé au gaz
EP3200214A4 (fr) * 2014-09-25 2017-09-20 Hyundai Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. Disjoncteur isolé au gaz

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES547296A0 (es) 1986-12-16
PL255504A1 (en) 1986-07-15
JPH07109744B2 (ja) 1995-11-22
ES8702733A1 (es) 1986-12-16
CA1266699A (fr) 1990-03-13
EP0175954B1 (fr) 1989-11-15
DE3574308D1 (en) 1989-12-21
US4658108A (en) 1987-04-14
JPS6182631A (ja) 1986-04-26
EP0175954A3 (en) 1987-04-08
IN165782B (fr) 1990-01-13
HUT38463A (en) 1986-05-28
BR8504579A (pt) 1986-07-15
HU192364B (en) 1987-05-28
PL151229B1 (en) 1990-08-31
DE3438635A1 (de) 1986-04-03

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