EP0165893B1 - Dispositif de commande de luminosité pour une lampe fluorescente - Google Patents

Dispositif de commande de luminosité pour une lampe fluorescente Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0165893B1
EP0165893B1 EP85810080A EP85810080A EP0165893B1 EP 0165893 B1 EP0165893 B1 EP 0165893B1 EP 85810080 A EP85810080 A EP 85810080A EP 85810080 A EP85810080 A EP 85810080A EP 0165893 B1 EP0165893 B1 EP 0165893B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fluorescent lamp
voltage
capacitor
circuit
current
Prior art date
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Expired
Application number
EP85810080A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0165893B2 (fr
EP0165893A3 (en
EP0165893A2 (fr
Inventor
Fredy Kamber
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Starkstrom-Elektronik AG
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Starkstrom-Elektronik AG
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Application filed by Starkstrom-Elektronik AG filed Critical Starkstrom-Elektronik AG
Priority to AT85810080T priority Critical patent/ATE42663T1/de
Publication of EP0165893A2 publication Critical patent/EP0165893A2/fr
Publication of EP0165893A3 publication Critical patent/EP0165893A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0165893B1 publication Critical patent/EP0165893B1/fr
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/36—Controlling
    • H05B41/38—Controlling the intensity of light
    • H05B41/39—Controlling the intensity of light continuously
    • H05B41/392—Controlling the intensity of light continuously using semiconductor devices, e.g. thyristor
    • H05B41/3921—Controlling the intensity of light continuously using semiconductor devices, e.g. thyristor with possibility of light intensity variations
    • H05B41/3924—Controlling the intensity of light continuously using semiconductor devices, e.g. thyristor with possibility of light intensity variations by phase control, e.g. using a triac

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for controlling the brightness of fluorescent lamps according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • control devices of this type are known, but they are disadvantageous because they do not or only with complex auxiliary circuits for controlling the brightness of fluorescent lamps with high ignition voltage and poor control properties, such as the so-called slimline tubes with a diameter of 26 mm can be used, and because they only allow a limited control range with insufficiently low minimum brightness.
  • a control of the brightness is not possible by means of a phase cut of the supplying alternating current if the glow cathodes of the fluorescent lamps are preheated by a heating transformer since the lamps do not ignite.
  • a heating transformer is dispensed with and a conventional glow starter device is provided for it, the lamps can be ignited at full control. With additional circuit measures in the phase gating device, a control range down to about 20% can be achieved.
  • the permissible control range is limited to around 50%.
  • a device has also become known in which, on the one hand, an uncontrolled current is continuously fed to the hot cathodes of the fluorescent lamps for their heating, so that there is no fear of the lamps being destroyed.
  • the supply current of the lamps is controlled by means of phase gating, with a low, higher-frequency energy being continuously supplied in parallel with the lamps for igniting and re-igniting the lamps in the current which is incomplete due to the phase gating control.
  • phase gating As a result of this higher-frequency energy, there is minimal brightness when the phase gating device is fully controlled.
  • the phase gating device is fully controlled, full light is achieved. Since a certain minimum higher-frequency energy must now be supplied to the lamps for a reliable ignition of the lamps on the one hand and a stable burning of the lamps in the controlled state on the other hand, the achievable control range is limited to approximately 4% (1:25).
  • the device according to the invention has the features stated in the characterizing part of patent claim 1.
  • the duration of the feeding of the higher-frequency energy can be shortened considerably. This means that a minimum brightness of well under 1% can be achieved. If the power of the damped ignition pulse oscillation triggered by the trigger circuit is reduced in a suitable manner when the phase gating is controlled back, the control range can be expanded to a minimum brightness of less than 0.01%. Although the ignition of the fluorescent lamp is guaranteed regardless of the time of the phase control, its emissivity remains unchanged in any state of the brightness control, because the hot cathodes of the lamp are continuously fed via an uncontrolled power supply, in particular a heating transformer.
  • Fig. 1 is by dash-dotted lines limits the circuit diagram of an exemplary embodiment of the control device 1 according to the invention.
  • the control device 1 has various connecting terminals, namely a connecting terminal 2 for connecting the phase conductor L1 of an AC network, a connecting terminal 3 for connecting the neutral conductor N of the AC network, a connecting terminal 4 for connecting the earth conductor E of the AC network and a connecting terminal 5 for connecting the controlled output of a phase gating device 6 shown only schematically, which in turn is connected to the phase conductor L1 and the neutral conductor N of the alternating current network and is of a conventional type which is not explained in detail here.
  • the control device 1 has further connection terminals on the load side, namely two connection terminals 7 for connecting a current-limiting ballast 8, usually a choke, and two pairs of connection terminals 9 and 10, which are provided for this purpose, each with a glow cathode filament 11 or 12 of a fluorescent lamp 13 to become.
  • connection terminals 9 and 10 For permanent and uncontrolled heating of the hot cathode filament 11, 12 there is a secondary winding 14 and 15, respectively, of a heating transformer 16 at the paired connection terminals 9 and 10, the primary winding 17 of which, accordingly, with the connection terminals 2 and 3 for the phase conductor L1 and the neutral conductor N of the AC network connected is.
  • the heating transformer 16 could also be arranged outside the control device 1 with dash-dotted lines, as is shown for the phase gating device 6 and the ballast 8.
  • One of each pair of connecting terminals 9, 10 also serves to supply the connected fluorescent lamp 13 with the fuel supply current of the AC network during the phase gating periods. Accordingly, one of the connection terminals 9 is essentially connected to the connection terminal 5 via the connection terminals 7 for the ballast 8, and one of the connection terminals 10 is essentially connected to the connection terminal 3.
  • a first trigger circuit 18 is connected, which consists of the series connection of a resistor 19, a first capacitor 20 and a second capacitor 21 and one at the connection point of the two capacitors 20 , 21 connected trigger diode 22.
  • the control device 1 shown also contains a further capacitor 27, which can be charged with respect to the connected neutral conductor N by a resistor 28 connected to the connected phase conductor L1 of the AC network via the connection terminal 2, and which via a primary winding 29 of a pulse transformer by means of the switching path of a electronic switch 30, preferably a triac, can be discharged.
  • the trigger diode 22 belonging to the trigger circuits 18 and 23 is connected to the control electrode of the triac 30.
  • the capacitor 27 and the primary winding 29 of the pulse transformer form a damped oscillating circuit 31.
  • the damped oscillation which is excited when the triac 30 is closed by the discharge current of the capacitor 27 which flows through the primary winding 29 has here a frequency that is significantly greater than the frequency of the AC network and that is, for example, above 20 kHz.
  • Two separate secondary windings 32 and 33 of the pulse transformer mentioned with the primary winding 29 are connected into the feed lines of the fluorescent lamp 13. They are connected to one another at their ends facing away from the fluorescent lamp 13 by a bypass capacitor 34, so that the fluorescent lamp 13, the two secondary windings 32 and 33 of the pulse transformer and the bypass capacitor 34 form a closed ignition circuit, as will be explained below.
  • the phase gating device 6 supplies a voltage UPA to the connecting terminal 5 of the control device 1, the course of which is shown in FIG. 2a in the period of a half-wave between the specified times t o and t 6 for three different settings of the phase gating device.
  • the phase gating takes place at a time t 3 (relatively large current flow angle).
  • the phase gating takes place at a later point in time t 4 (smaller current flow angle).
  • the phase gating takes place at a time t 5 shortly before the zero crossing of the voltage at time t 6 (very small current flow angle).
  • the voltage still present in the periods t o to t 2 or t o to t comes from the current still flowing when the fluorescent lamp is on and disappears at the zero crossing of the current (time t or t 2 ) with a steep flank this edge with a decreasing current flow angle to the zero crossing t o shifts.
  • the voltage UPA then has a vertical flank 35, 36 or 37 at the times t 3 , t 4 or t 5 set in the phase gating device 6.
  • the occurrence of the edge 35 or 36 for example, generates a control pulse on the control electrode of the triac 30 via the trigger circuit 18. Since at the beginning of the relevant half-wave of the AC line voltage Uu, the capacitor 27 is charged via the resistor connected to the connection terminal 2, the voltage U c of the capacitor 27 is also above the triac 30, so that the latter is turned on by the control pulse of the trigger diode 22 is switched. As a result, the capacitor 27 can discharge via the primary winding 29 of the pulse transformer, which is now connected in parallel with it.
  • the higher-frequency, damped voltage generated by the oscillating circuit 31 into the ignition circuit is closed via the secondary windings 32 and 33, the fluorescent lamp 13 and the capacitor 34.
  • the ignition voltage applied to the fluorescent lamp 13 is thus kept away from the ballast.
  • the frequency of the damped oscillation excited in the oscillating circuit 31 is approximately 30 kHz and the duration of the oscillation is approximately 0.5 ms.
  • the oscillation train of the damped ones produced Vibration very powerful, including the ignition pulse applied to the fluorescent lamp 13 and transformed to a voltage of approximately 1000 V.
  • the latter can also have only a single secondary winding.
  • the division shown in FIG. 1 into two identical secondary windings 32, 33 with an additive winding sense has the advantage that the high transformed ignition voltage of the resonant circuit 31 is halved against the potential of the neutral conductor N or against the earth potential.
  • the voltage stress on the heating transformer 16 is also reduced by half due to the above-mentioned division relative to the earth potential.
  • FIG. 2b shows the time profiles of the two voltages u L1 and u c in a half wave, which corresponds to that of the diagram of FIG. 2a between the times t o and t 6 .
  • 2b shows the values of the voltages u c at the capacitor 27 in the phase gating times t 3 , t 4 and t 5 of FIG.
  • the mains AC voltage present at the connecting terminal 5 is no longer sufficient to maintain a combustion current in the ignited fluorescent lamp 13, the decaying effect causes over the secondary winding 32, 33 of the pulse transformer fed in higher-frequency ignition oscillation a short further burning of the fluorescent lamp 13, so that a low light brightness is maintained. Since, according to the diagram in FIG. 2b, with a further reduction in the phase gating angle , that is to say a further approximation of the phase gating to the zero crossing of the mains voltage UL1 , the voltage at the capacitor 27 decreases and thus the power of the higher-frequency oscillation supplied to the fluorescent lamp decreases, a further reduction in brightness. This makes it possible to continuously achieve a minimum brightness of less than 0.01%.
  • the ignition torque shifts forward.
  • the voltage u c across the capacitor 27 is greater. This has the advantageous consequence that the fluorescent lamp 13 burns stably when the higher light level is set.
  • the second trigger circuit 23 takes advantage of the voltage across the two feed lines of the fluorescent lamp 13 or the voltage across the bypass capacitor 34.
  • the operating voltage of the fluorescent lamp is essentially at the capacitor 34, which is considerably lower than the mains voltage UL1 .
  • the voltage divider with the resistor 24 and the capacitor 25 of the trigger circuit 23 is dimensioned such that in this case the divided operating voltage of the fluorescent lamp 13 applied to the trigger diode 22 via the resistor 26 does not reach the trigger voltage of the diode 22.
  • the voltage across the bypass capacitor 34 is identical to the mains voltage U L1 ' when the phase gating device 6 is fully activated. Since this voltage is significantly higher than the burning voltage of the fluorescent lamp, it is sufficient voltage on capacitor 25 to trigger periodic switch-on of triac 30 via trigger diode 22 until fluorescent lamp 13 has ignited due to the damped vibrations generated thereby. As soon as the fluorescent lamp burns, the second trigger circuit 23 becomes inactive due to a lack of sufficient trigger voltage. It should also be noted here that when the triac 30 is switched on, which, according to the diagram in FIG. 2b, is slightly earlier than the time t 3 or should be by appropriate selection of the values of the components of the trigger circuit 23, the voltage Uc at the capacitor 27 is sufficiently large in spite of lag to generate a powerful ignition pulse.
  • the voltage divider composed of the capacitors 20 and 21 essentially determines the minimum voltage reaching the trigger diode 22 for its control. At times when the voltage UPA applied to the trigger circuit 18 is so high that the trigger diode 22 could be damaged, the resistor 19 limits the current flowing through the capacitors 20 and 21, so that the control voltage at the trigger diode 22 is safe Value is limited.
  • FIG. 3 schematically shows the part of the control device 1 of FIG. 1 that has been changed for this case.
  • the part shown again shows the fluorescent lamp 13 with hot cathode filaments 11 and 12, which are fed with heating current via connecting terminals 9 and 10, respectively, from the secondary windings 14 and 15 of the heating transformer 16 of FIG. 1. Furthermore, the ballast 8 connected via the connection terminals 7 to the phase-controlled mains supply line is shown in accordance with FIG. 1.
  • the primary transformer 29, which belongs to the resonant circuit 31 of FIG. 1, has a single secondary winding 38, which is connected on the one hand to the neutral line connected to the connecting terminal 3 for the neutral conductor N (FIG. 1) and on the other hand via a capacitor 39 to the neutral line this neutral line lying hot cathode coil 11 or is connected to one of the terminals 9.
  • the Ueber shown in Fig. 1 bridge capacitor 34 is of course omitted.
  • the remaining circuit parts of FIG. 1 are essentially unchanged (not shown in FIG. 3).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)

Claims (10)

1. Dispositif pour commander la luminosité de lampes fluorescentes par un déphasage réglable de chaque alternance de tension d'un réseau à courant alternatif d'alimentation, dans lequel le courant commuté depuis le moment du déphasage jusqu'au prochain passage par zéro de l'alternance de tension est fourni à la lampe fluorescente par l'intermédiaire d'un dispositif limiteur de courant disposé en amont, dans lequel, en outre, les cathodes de la lampe fluorescente sont chauffées en permanence et d'une manière non commandée par le réseau à courant alternatif et dans lequel des moyens sont prévus pour amener de l'énergie à plus haute fréquence aux lampes fluorescentes en vue de leur allumage, caractérisé par un circuit de déclenchement (18) pouvant être alimenté par la tension de l'alternance à déphasage de la tension alternative de réseau et un circuit oscillant amorti (31) pouvant être chargé, connecté au circuit de déclenchement, auquel la lampe fluorescente peut être connectée en courant alternatif, l'oscillation amortie du circuit oscillant (31), qui est déclenchée par le circuit de déclenchement, ayant une fréquence supérieure à celle de la tension alternative du réseau et possédant, au début, une puissance électrique suffisante pour allumer la lampe fluorescente.
2. Dispositif suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le circuit oscillant contient un condensateur et une inductance pouvant être connectée au condensateur au moyen d'un commutateur électronique, le commutateur électronique étant connecté au circuit de déclenchement en vue de sa commande et le condensateur pouvant être connecté par l'intermédiaire d'une résistance de charge à la tension alternative de réseau en vue de sa charge périodique.
3. Dispositif suivant la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'inductance est l'enroulement primaire d'un transformateur d'impulsions qui présente au moins un enroulement secondaire connecté à un circuit d'alimentation pour la lampe fluorescente.
4. Dispositif suivant la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que l'enroulement secondaire du transformateur d'impulsions est connecté en série dans le circuit d'alimentation pour la lampe fluorescente.
5. Dispositif suivant la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que le transformateur d'impulsions comporte deux enroulements secondaires séparés qui sont chacun montés d'un côté de connexions destinées à la lampe fluorescente, dans le circuit d'alimentation pour la lampe fluorescente.
6. Dispositif suivant la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que l'enroulement secondaire du transformateur d'impulsions est connecté en parallèle au circuit d'alimentation pour la lampe fluorescente de manière électriquement isolante, par exemple par l'intermédiaire d'un condensateur.
7. Dispositif suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le condensateur du circuit oscillant et sa résistance de charge sont dimensionnés d'une manière telle que la tension de charge présente au niveau du condensateur soit déphasée avec un retard par rapport à la tension alternative de réseau.
8. Dispositif suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que le circuit de déclenchement pouvant être alimenté par la tension de l'alternance à déphasage de la tension alternative de réseau contient un élément à résistance-condensateur diviseur de tension et une diode de commutation.
9. Dispositif suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un autre circuit de déclenchement servant à déclencher l'oscillation amortie du circuit oscillant qui est connecté, en vue de son alimentation, en parallèle au circuit d'alimentation pour la lampe fluorescente afin de déclencher l'oscillation amortie servant à l'allumage de la lampe fluorescente lorsque l'alternance de tension du réseau de courant alternatif ne présente pas de flanc de déphasage.
10. Dispositif suivant la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'autre circuit de déclenchement contient un élément à résistance-condensateur diviseur de tension et une diode de commutation.
EP85810080A 1984-06-21 1985-02-28 Dispositif de commande de luminosité pour une lampe fluorescente Expired - Lifetime EP0165893B2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85810080T ATE42663T1 (de) 1984-06-21 1985-02-28 Einrichtung zur steuerung der helligkeit von leuchtstofflampen.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH301784 1984-06-21
CH3017/84 1984-06-21

Publications (4)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0165893A2 EP0165893A2 (fr) 1985-12-27
EP0165893A3 EP0165893A3 (en) 1986-04-09
EP0165893B1 true EP0165893B1 (fr) 1989-04-26
EP0165893B2 EP0165893B2 (fr) 1993-06-09

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ID=4246770

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85810080A Expired - Lifetime EP0165893B2 (fr) 1984-06-21 1985-02-28 Dispositif de commande de luminosité pour une lampe fluorescente

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EP (1) EP0165893B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE42663T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3569864D1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3826234A1 (de) * 1988-08-02 1990-02-08 Kulzer & Co Gmbh Schaltungsanordnung zum betrieb einer niederdruckgasentladungslampe

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4096413A (en) * 1976-02-20 1978-06-20 General Electric Company Flicker eliminating intensity controller for discharge lamp dimming circuit
DE2938529C2 (de) * 1979-09-24 1981-10-15 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Zünd- und Betriebsgerät für eine Hochdrucklampe

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0165893B2 (fr) 1993-06-09
EP0165893A3 (en) 1986-04-09
DE3569864D1 (en) 1989-06-01
ATE42663T1 (de) 1989-05-15
EP0165893A2 (fr) 1985-12-27

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