EP0160791B1 - Commutateur à bouton-poussoir - Google Patents

Commutateur à bouton-poussoir Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0160791B1
EP0160791B1 EP85101787A EP85101787A EP0160791B1 EP 0160791 B1 EP0160791 B1 EP 0160791B1 EP 85101787 A EP85101787 A EP 85101787A EP 85101787 A EP85101787 A EP 85101787A EP 0160791 B1 EP0160791 B1 EP 0160791B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switch
pushbutton
plunger
switch according
contact
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85101787A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0160791A1 (fr
Inventor
Karl-Heinz Bauer
Edgar Maisch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Preh GmbH
Original Assignee
Preh GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Preh GmbH filed Critical Preh GmbH
Publication of EP0160791A1 publication Critical patent/EP0160791A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0160791B1 publication Critical patent/EP0160791B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/50—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a single operating member
    • H01H13/56—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a single operating member the contact returning to its original state upon the next application of operating force
    • H01H13/60—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a single operating member the contact returning to its original state upon the next application of operating force with contact-driving member moved alternately in opposite directions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/16—Indicators for switching condition, e.g. "on" or "off"

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a push button switch according to the preamble of claim 1, as is known from DE-A-3 046 831.
  • switches are used to connect or disconnect electrical lines several times. Regardless of which design or actuation principle they work in, they thus offer the operator of a device the opportunity to influence how it works. Switches are thus the interface between man and machine and they cannot be replaced by anything, even though they are also subject to technological change and have reached a very high technical level. Switches of various designs are one of the few electromechanical components in electronics that often have design requirements in addition to the switching function. Because they are arranged on the front panel of a device, they play a decisive role in determining its appearance. It is therefore not surprising that an almost unmanageable range of rotary, rocker, toggle, slide, pushbutton and push-button switches are available in all conceivable designs, colors and sizes. The switch described below belongs to the group of push button switches.
  • a push button switch with a pot-shaped housing in which a push button can be moved.
  • On the inside of the push button there is a web projecting into the inside of the switch, around which a switching plunger is pivotally and displaceably mounted.
  • the switching plunger consists of a disc and a wedge-shaped shoulder.
  • a switching rocker is pivotably mounted below the switching plunger with the help of bearing journals mounted in end shields.
  • This switch rocker has a T-like shape with a crossbar and a vertically downward-facing guide shoulder.
  • the crossbar is gable-shaped on the top to accommodate the wedge-shaped extension of the switching plunger.
  • the angle of inclination of the two gable halves corresponds to half the swivel angle of the switch rocker. In each of the two switch positions, one half of the gable is in a horizontal position.
  • Two return springs are responsible for pivoting the switching plunger, which are clamped between the switching plunger and the rocker switch on different sides of the attachment.
  • a blind hole is recessed in the guide neck of the switch rocker which receives a compression spring which is supported on the one hand on the bottom of the blind hole and on the other hand on a contact roller.
  • the bottom of the housing has two identical cam surfaces in roof-like form, on which the contact roller can slide.
  • a push button can also be moved relative to a rectangular housing.
  • An inward, wedge-shaped extension is formed on the top of the push button.
  • the tip of this approach serves as a tilt bearing for a shift plunger.
  • This consists of a disc and a downward-facing Stö-Bel.
  • the plunger interacts with a wedge-shaped tip of a rocker switch.
  • the rocker switch has a bearing journal on each side, which can rotate in a hole in the housing.
  • the wedge-shaped tip is part of a control curve of the switch rocker.
  • the control curve consists of a middle vertex, two flanks descending from this vertex and two surfaces rising from the end of the flanks.
  • the apex is at a certain distance from the bearing journal of the switching rocker, so that in the two switching positions it lies to the side of a plane defined by the bearing axis and the direction of sliding. This ensures that the plunger always hits one of the flanks.
  • a return spring is clamped between the switching plunger and the rocker switch. Due to the inclined position of the switch rocker, the preload on two opposite sides is different.
  • a spring-loaded switching pin is attached to the switching rocker, which presses on a contact rocker which is mounted such that it can be tilted about a fixed contact.
  • the object of the present invention is to further develop a push-button switch of the type mentioned at the outset such that, despite the compact design, it is constructed from as few individual parts as possible and can therefore be mass-produced at low cost, the contact force being maintained or even increased until immediately before the switchover should, so that a long electrical life is given.
  • the switch should be provided with a simple mechanical switch position indicator.
  • the push button switch shown in the figures has a two-part, rectangular housing 1 made of plastic.
  • a center contact piece 6 is injected in the middle on the housing base and on the side of the housing walls a fixed contact 7 made of an electrically conductive material.
  • the associated terminal lugs 39 protrude from the bottom of the housing base.
  • the switch is therefore suitable for installation in a printed circuit.
  • the made of metal - center contact piece 6 has a V-shaped cutting edge bearing 32, which continues in a likewise V-shaped cut 40 of the housing base so that the cut widens like a funnel towards the interior of the housing.
  • lateral, protruding guide strips 35 are integrally formed on the housing base 3, specifically on the four housing base edges.
  • a plurality of protruding locking lugs 36 are provided on the outside of the housing base 3. These locking lugs 36 cooperate with elongated holes 37, which are located in a push button 2.
  • This rectangular push button is also made of plastic and is relatively displaceable relative to the housing base 3.
  • the elongated holes 37 are recessed in two resilient side walls 41 of the push button 2.
  • the push button 2 is simply pushed over the housing base 3 until the latches 36 snap into the elongated holes 37.
  • the side walls 41 lie here between the guide strips 35. This snap connection holds the push button on the housing base.
  • the two resilient side walls 41 are formed on two opposite sides of the pot-shaped push button 2.
  • the push button itself consists of an opaque plastic.
  • a narrow window 38 through which the switch position can be visibly displayed. This is important because the push button returns to its original home position after each actuation.
  • a web 18 is formed on the inside of the push button in the sliding direction.
  • the end of the web 18 lies both in the rest position and when the push button is depressed in a V-shaped pocket 17 of a switching plunger 4.
  • the switching plunger 4 itself, which is made of plastic, consists of a U-shaped bracket seen from the broad side with an on Base part 11 integrally formed head part 12 and two laterally formed legs 13. Both legs 13 are of equal length and they run into a tapered tip 16 at the free end. Seen from the narrow side, the head part 12 has a convexly curved surface 14. On this surface there is an inscription or label from which the switch position emerges. This lettering or identification is visible in the window 38 of the push button due to the inclined position of the switching plunger in the rest position. Two marginal edges 15 of the surface 14 are rounded and reinforced.
  • a retaining pin 19 is formed on which one end supports a return spring 10 in the form of a helical spring.
  • lugs 20 are formed on both sides, which interact with the protruding projections 28 of a switching rocker 8.
  • the restoring spring 10 is arranged between the switching plunger 4 and the rocker switch 8, which is partially guided in a blind hole 26 of the rocker switch 8 and is supported on the bottom of this blind hole.
  • This return spring is designed so that it seeks to push the switching plunger and rocker switch away from each other.
  • the switching rocker 8 molded from plastic is designed in the manner of a two-armed lever with a short and a long arm.
  • the short arm here consists of two resilient side walls 21 which are formed laterally at a distance from one another. This forms a chamber 22 which is open on three sides and receives the base part 11 of the switching plunger 4.
  • the return spring 10 is arranged between the two side walls 21.
  • the side walls 21 carry inwardly directed lugs 28 which cooperate with the lugs 20 of the switching plunger.
  • the side walls On the outside, the side walls each have a spherical elevation 27 about which the rocker switch can be pivoted in a small angular range.
  • the long arm 23 of the rocker switch tapers slightly in cross section towards its end, since the rocker switch should be pivotable. If it had the same cross-section over the entire length, the long arm 23 would abut the wall of the housing base and a pivoting would thus be prevented.
  • the long arm 23 has a V-shaped cutting edge bearing 24 on the two outer sides, the boundary of which is formed by two wedge-shaped contact surfaces 9. These contact surfaces together with the cutting edge bearing protrude laterally from the long arm 23. As will be explained later, these contact surfaces 9 interact with the tips 16 of the switching plunger.
  • a recess 25 is provided in the long arm between the two cutting edge bearings 24.
  • the electrical connection between the fixed contacts 7 and the center contact piece 6 produces an E-shaped contact bridge 5 made of metal. Details of this contact system are in Figure 3 shown.
  • the contact bridge 5 has two outer snap tongues 29 and a contact tongue 30 which is longer than the snap tongues and arranged between the snap tongues and which has a tubular contact element 42 at the front end.
  • the snap and contact tongue are connected by a connecting web 31.
  • the contact bridge 5 lies with the edge of the connecting web 31 in the cutting edge bearing 32 of the center contact piece 6.
  • the edge at the free end of the snap tongue 29 lies in the cutting edge bearing 24 of the contact rocker 8.
  • the contact bridge 5 is thus clamped between these two cutting edge bearings and in an inclined position, which is caused by the fact that the preloaded return spring in the installed state tries to push the rocker and switching plunger apart, the switching plunger being pressed against the inner wall of the push button.
  • the contact tongue 30 with its contact element 42 also projects into the recess 25 of the rocker switch 8.
  • the housing base 3 has a plurality of molded-on ribs 33 on two opposite inner walls. These slide ribs extend almost to the bottom of the housing base. On the mouth side, the sliding ribs 33 are provided with run-on bevels 34 which taper towards the free end. In the embodiment shown in the figures, as shown in FIG. 1, three sliding ribs are provided on each side.
  • the tip 16 of the switching plunger 4 reaches either the right or the left contact surface 9 as the movement progresses. It is then no longer possible to jump from one side to the other without snapping the contact bridge. Finally, the edge 15 of the switching plunger abuts the bevel 34 and while the push button is pressed further, the marginal edge runs along the bevel and forcibly pivots the switching plunger toward the center. The tip 16 presses the rocker switch 8 abruptly over the contact surfaces 9 to the other side. The sliding along the edge 15 on the run-up slopes 34 and then the sliding ribs 33 represents a first positive guide for the switching plunger.
  • the push button consists of an opaque plastic, a window 38 being left free in the push button on the front side.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 show further exemplary embodiments for a switch position indicator.
  • the push button 43 consists of a transparent plastic.
  • a cover 44 made of an opaque material is embedded in a recess on the inside of the push button and has an opening 47 through which the inscription or marking of the curved surface 14 is visible.
  • This embodiment has the advantage that the housing is sealed.
  • the pushbutton 45 of the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 6 also consists of a transparent plastic.
  • a cap 46 is pushed over the actual pushbutton 45 and has a recess 48 on the front.
  • the inscription or marking of the curved surface 14 is visible through this recess.
  • the housing of the switch of this exemplary embodiment is thus leak-proof and protected against dust and foreign parts.

Landscapes

  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)

Claims (22)

1. Commutateur (1) à bouton-poussoir. comportant
- un boîtier composé de plusieurs parties dans lequel un bouton-poussoir (2) peut se déplacer par rapport à un socle (3) de boîtier,
- un poussoir (4), qu'un bouton-poussoir (2) peut déplacer longitudinalement par l'intermédiaire d'un organe d'entraînement et qui peut être dévié transversalement par rapport à cette direction,
- un pont (5) de contact, qui peut basculer brusquement sur un support situé dans une pièce (6) médiane de contact entre deux butées dont l'une au moins constitue un contact fixe (7),
- une bascule (8) de commutateur déterminant la position du pont (5) de contact, laquelle est disposée de façon à pouvoir basculer dans un sens et dans l'autre entre deux positions dans le boîtier du commutateur et qui présente au moins une surface (9) en forme de coin pour le poussoir (4), qui est alignée avec le poussoir (4) dans les deux positions de basculement et qui est placée dans une position qui, lorsque le poussoir (4) subit une poussée, crée un couple dans le sens du basculement vers l'autre position de basculement et une orientation correspondante du poussoir (4)
- et un ressort de rappel qui s'appuie sur le poussoir (4) et sur la bascule (8) de commutateur, caractérisé en ce que le pont (5) de contact est guidé par un contre-appui formé sur la bascule (8) de commutateur de façon que la pression de contact est créée par le ressort (10) de rappel, que le poussoir (4) et la bascule (8) de commutateur sont disposés et mutuellement reliés de façon que le poussoir (4) prend toujours une orientation s'écartant de la position médiane lorsque le bouton-poussoir est en position de repos, et que la déviation pour mise en place du poussoir (4) dans ces orientations s'effectue grâce à deux guidages forcés dont le premier agit lors du mouvement allant de la position de repos à la position de commutation et le second, lors du mouvement allant de la position de commutation à la position de repos.
2. Commutateur à bouton-poussoir selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le poussoir (4) est constitué par un étrier en forme de U comportant une tête (12) formée sur une partie de sa base (11) et deux jambages (13) latéraux d'égale longueur.
3. Commutateur à bouton-poussoir selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la tête (12) présente du côté de l'avant une surface bombée (14) comportant des arêtes (15) de bord arrondies et renforcées.
4. Commutateur à bouton-poussoir selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la largeur de chacun des jambages (13) latéraux diminue progressivement en un ou plusieurs degrés vers l'extrémité libre et en ce que chaque jambage finit par une pointe (16) qui coopère avec les surfaces (9) d'appui en forme de coin, du poussoir (4) de commutateur.
5. Commutateur à bouton-poussoir selon une des revendications 2 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'un creux (17) en forme de V est ménagé à l'extérieur de chaque jambage (13) à proximité de la liaison avec la pièce de base (11), dans laquelle pénètre la pièce du bouton-poussoir (2) à rôle d'entraînement, un axe imaginaire, passant par. les deux extrémités du creux, représentant l'axe de rotation déplaçable du poussoir (4) de commutateur.
6. Commutateur à bouton-poussoir selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que la pièce à rôle d'entraînement est constituée par des barrettes (18) formées du côté intérieur, faisant saillie et s'étendant dans la direction de déplacement, lesquelles sont disposées sur des côtés opposés du bouton-poussoir (2).
7. Commutateur à bouton-poussoir selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que, sur la face de la pièce (11) de base située en face de la tête (12) est formé un téton (19) placé dans la direction du déplacement et destiné à retenir le ressort (10) de rappel.
8. Commutateur à bouton-poussoir selon les revendications 2 à 6, caractérisé en ce que chaque jambage (13) présente de chaque côté des dents (20) saillantes formées sur lui-même et orientées obliquement.
9. Commutateur à bouton-poussoir selon une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que la bascule (8) a en quelque sorte la forme d'un levier comportant un bras court et un bras long, le bras court étant constitué par deux parois latérales (21) faisant effet de ressort, s'étendant au-delà de la largeur du bras long, situées à l'opposé et à l'écart l'une de l'autre, de façon qu'il en résulte une chambre (22) ouverte dans plusieurs directions en vue de recevoir la pièce de base (11) du poussoir (4).
10. Commutateur à bouton-poussoir selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que le bras long (23) de la bascule (8) de commutateur présente une section qui se rétrécit jusqu'à l'extrémité libre.
11. Commutateur à bouton-poussoir selon l'une des revendications 9 ou 10, caractérisé en ce que l'extrémité du bras long (23) est munie d'au moins un appui de couteau formant contre- support pour le pont (5) de contact dont le contour s'étendant dans la direction de déplacement est formé par les surfaces (9) d'appui en forme de coin.
12. Commutateur à bouton-poussoir selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce qu'un évidement (25) est prévu dans le bras long (23) entre deux appuis (24) de couteau situés à l'extérieur.
13. Commutateur à bouton-poussoir selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que le bras long (23) comporte un trou borgne (26) situé dans la direction de déplacement du bouton-poussoir (2) et destiné à recevoir partiellement le ressort (10) de rappel.
14. Commutateur à bouton-poussoir selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que le ressort (10) de rappel est un ressort hélicoïdal.
15. Commutateur à bouton-poussoir selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que les parois latérales (21) comportent du côté extérieur des protubérances (27).
16. Commutateur à bouton-poussoir selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que les parois latérales (21) comportent à leur extrémité libre plusieurs saillies (28) dirigées vers l'intérieur en direction les unes des autres, qui coopèrent avec les dents (20) du poussoir (4) dans le sens d'un changement forcé d'orientation du poussoir (4).
17. Commutateur à bouton-poussoir selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le pont (5) de contact est en une seule pièce et a une forme de E, et en ce qu'il comporte deux languettes (29) à déclic parallèles situées aux extrémités fournissant le couple de déclic et une languette (30) de contact plus longue disposée entre elles, les languettes (29) à déclic et la languette (30) de contact étant reliées entre elles par une partie (31) de liaison disposée transversalement par rapport à elles.
18. Commutateur à bouton-poussoir selon la revendication 17, caractérisé en ce que le pont (5) de contact repose par sa partie (31) de liaison dans le support (32) de couteau ménagé dans la pièce (6) médiane de contact, les languettes (29) à déclic étant placées dans les appuis (24) de couteau ménagés sur la bascule (8) de commutateur.
19. Commutateur à bouton-poussoir selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, sur deux parois intérieures opposées du socle (3) de boîtier se trouve dans chaque cas au moins une nervure (33) de glissement comportant une partie (34) oblique d'amorçage s'étendant dans le sens longitudinal, le long desquelles glissent les arêtes (15) des bords de la tête (12) du poussoir (4) pour provoquer un basculement ou changement d'orientation du poussoir (4).
20. Commutateur à bouton-poussoir selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les parois extérieures du socle (3) de boîtier présentent des bandes (35) de guidage formées sur elles et destinées au guidage du bouton-poussoir (2).
21. Commutateur à bouton-poussoir selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le socle (3) de boîtier comporte des dents (36) saillantes d'encliquetage qui pénètrent dans des trous oblongs (37) du bouton-poussoir (2) et coopèrent avec ces derniers pour constituer un mécanisme de retenue à déclic, comportant une butée.
22. Commutateur à bouton-poussoir selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'une fenêtre (38), située du côté avant du bouton-poussoir (2) est ménagée en vue d'indiquer la position du commutateur correspondant à l'orientation du poussoir (4) de ce commutateur.
EP85101787A 1984-03-31 1985-02-19 Commutateur à bouton-poussoir Expired EP0160791B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3412027 1984-03-31
DE3412027A DE3412027A1 (de) 1984-03-31 1984-03-31 Druckknopfschalter

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0160791A1 EP0160791A1 (fr) 1985-11-13
EP0160791B1 true EP0160791B1 (fr) 1988-02-10

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ID=6232209

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85101787A Expired EP0160791B1 (fr) 1984-03-31 1985-02-19 Commutateur à bouton-poussoir

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4757164A (fr)
EP (1) EP0160791B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS60241615A (fr)
DE (1) DE3412027A1 (fr)

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CN106098423B (zh) * 2016-08-05 2018-01-02 新乡市光明电器有限公司 大电流紧急断电开关

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3412027A1 (de) 1985-10-10
DE3412027C2 (fr) 1988-07-14
JPS60241615A (ja) 1985-11-30
EP0160791A1 (fr) 1985-11-13
US4757164A (en) 1988-07-12

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