EP0156206B1 - Appareil pour le broyage et le compactage de déchets - Google Patents

Appareil pour le broyage et le compactage de déchets Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0156206B1
EP0156206B1 EP85102494A EP85102494A EP0156206B1 EP 0156206 B1 EP0156206 B1 EP 0156206B1 EP 85102494 A EP85102494 A EP 85102494A EP 85102494 A EP85102494 A EP 85102494A EP 0156206 B1 EP0156206 B1 EP 0156206B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
grinding
tank
refuse
grinder
liquid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP85102494A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0156206A2 (fr
EP0156206A3 (en
Inventor
Rainer Kern
Gerhard Trittmacher
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Meiko Maschinen- und Apparatebau Ing Oskar Meier & Co GmbH
Original Assignee
Meiko Maschinen- und Apparatebau Ing Oskar Meier & Co GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Meiko Maschinen- und Apparatebau Ing Oskar Meier & Co GmbH filed Critical Meiko Maschinen- und Apparatebau Ing Oskar Meier & Co GmbH
Priority to AT85102494T priority Critical patent/ATE50519T1/de
Publication of EP0156206A2 publication Critical patent/EP0156206A2/fr
Publication of EP0156206A3 publication Critical patent/EP0156206A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0156206B1 publication Critical patent/EP0156206B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/0084—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments specially adapted for disintegrating garbage, waste or sewage
    • B02C18/0092—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments specially adapted for disintegrating garbage, waste or sewage for waste water or for garbage

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a machine for crushing and compacting waste according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such machines are used, for example, in canteen kitchens, snack bars and the like for removing food waste and disposable tableware and disposable cutlery made of plastic and paper.
  • the solid waste is compacted and emptied into a waste container, the liquid contained in the waste and the liquid used to operate the device is fed to the sewage system.
  • Machines used for this purpose are known from DE-A-2 005 252, DE-B-1 288 411, DE-A-2 453 341 and GB-A-1 162 467.
  • a big disadvantage of these machines is the very poor cleaning ability.
  • the rotor axes of the grinders are arranged vertically, obviously, so that the waste can be introduced directly in a simple manner and strikes the grinder directly.
  • this area i.e. on the bottom of the tank, however, all waste that has not yet been completely ground is collected when it is taken out of service and must be laboriously cleaned out of the cutting unit by hand.
  • This work is time-consuming, uncomfortable and unsanitary, especially when it comes to leftovers and kitchen waste, and there is also a certain risk of injury on the grinding tools of the grinding disc. If metallic cutlery or other metal parts are accidentally added, not only can these parts themselves be damaged, but also the grinder, which requires extensive repairs.
  • a machine according to the preamble of claim 1 is described in US-A-3 310 241.
  • the grinder is provided on an inner wall.
  • the shredded waste is introduced above the grinding disc through a short connecting channel into the lower start of the screw spindle.
  • the waste is fed in via a filling opening that is offset to the side of the grinding area and a filling ramp, with the waste hitting the water surface above the regulated water level.
  • a rotating disc is shown below the filling opening, which transports crockery and cutlery items into a separate unit via centrifugal forces at a wall point.
  • the invention has for its object to design a machine according to the preamble of claim 1 so that the drying press is integrated in the rest of the machine, in particular in the tank, the manufacture is cheaper, handling, hygiene and in particular the possibility of cleaning are improved.
  • the dry press is disposed opposite to the grinding disk, which rotates about a horizontal axis in order to produce in the tank a rotational flow around a horizontal axis, and additionally one of the Rotat i onsströmung superimposed horizontal flow towards the grinding disc.
  • the holding tank is divided into a grinding area and a pressing area by a partition.
  • the axis of the rotating grinding disk is aligned essentially at right angles to the screw spindle of the drying press, the tank area or grinding area in which the grinder is located being separated from the bottom area of the drying press or pressing area by a preferably removable perforated wall.
  • Another important aspect is that the waste is not introduced directly into the grinder, but laterally offset via a filler channel, the waste being flushed into the area of the grinder by means of a water flow.
  • This arrangement has the simultaneous effect of a horizontal liquid flow essentially parallel to the axis of rotation of the grinding disk, so that this flow is superimposed on the rotating flow generated by the grinding disk.
  • a particularly elegant further development consists in branching off part of the liquid entering the pump housing in this way and using it to wind the waste filled into the tank via a floating nozzle in the filler channel and at the same time to produce a horizontal flow.
  • This arrangement saves the supply of fresh tap water or the additional Installation of a pump.
  • the shredded waste pulp is pre-compacted.
  • a cleaning door is also provided on the housing of the drying press, which can be opened, for example, by approximately 140 °.
  • the drive motor of the worm spindle is arranged at the bottom, so that the simple disassembly and removal of the sieve tube and worm spindle also contributes to simplifying cleaning.
  • the drying press cannot be disassembled at all. Bacteria and olfactory sources form very quickly due to the residual waste always remaining in the sieve tube and spindle.
  • the waste When cleaning or emptying the machine, the waste does not collect in the grinder, but on the tank bottom, from where it can simply be drained down.
  • Metal parts such as cutlery, bottle caps etc. made of metal also fall directly onto the tank bottom.
  • the pump housing of the grinder and the connection channel to the tank bottom are self-draining. Removing the waste sieve boxes is very easy and clean. The parts there, including metal parts, can be removed very easily after removal.
  • the joint arrangement of the drying press and grinder in a common tank also makes cleaning easier, faster and more hygienic.
  • the perforated partition can preferably also be removed.
  • the waste container into which the crushed and compacted waste is ejected can e.g. B. in extension to the filling opening (on the opposite side).
  • By rotating the housing of the drying press it is also possible in a preferred embodiment to bring the waste ejection to the left or right, so that the waste container can also be set up on the side.
  • this changeability can be very advantageous and the space-saving installation of the machine e.g. B. allow in a corner of the room.
  • the horizontal arrangement of the axis of rotation of the grinding disk causes the liquid and the waste in the tank to rotate about a horizontal axis intended in the tank.
  • the liquid flowing back from the dry press towards the grinder through the openings in the cutting disc, the flow of waste with the liquid into the actual tank, and the suction effect of the pump blades on the grinding disc cause a horizontal liquid flow or a transverse movement of the liquid in the Tank generated.
  • the liquid flow per minute is about five times the tank capacity.
  • This combined rotation and cross flow also creates waste that is lighter than the operating fluid, i.a. Water, and thus float, for example polystyrene disposable tableware parts, easily fed to the grinder for comminution.
  • operating fluid i.a. Water
  • float for example polystyrene disposable tableware parts
  • Another advantage of the horizontal arrangement of the drive axis of the grinder is that the drive motor and associated seals for assembly and maintenance are more easily accessible and that a lower working height is made possible for the operating personnel than is the case with machines with a motor arranged vertically under the tank .
  • the arrangement of the grinder and drying press in a common tank enables the level controller for the common liquid level to be attached in the pressing area of the drying press. Since there is filtered water, the functionality of the level controller is not reduced by dirt, as in the known machines in which the level controller is arranged in the grinding area of the tank.
  • the tank 1 of the machine is operated via an automatic level controller 26 up to the liquid level 4, e.g. B. filled with tap water. Then the drive motor 17 of the grinder 11 and the gear motor 21 of the drying press 18 are put into operation.
  • the liquid level 4 e.g. B. filled with tap water.
  • a flow of liquid is filled into the tank 1 through the filler channel 8 via a floating nozzle 9. This liquid flow sweeps all the waste fed into the filling opening 7 of the machine into the mahibore area 28 of the tank 1.
  • the waste is mixed with the liquid by the rotation and cross flow in the tank 1 and is permanently fed to the grinder 11.
  • the grinding disc 12 crushes the waste until it can be sucked through the sieve ring 13.
  • Pump vanes 15 are arranged on the rear side of the grinding disk 12 and effect the required liquid transport through the sieve ring 13, the pump housing 14 and the connecting channel 16 to the drying press 18.
  • the latter consists of a sieve tube 20 in which a spindle 19 driven by the geared motor 21 rotates. The liquid is pressed out through the sieve tube 20.
  • the filtered waste is pushed upwards by the spindle 19 along the inner wall of the sieve tube 20. In this way, the waste is further compressed within the dry press and the liquid is separated out through the sieve tube 20.
  • the compressed waste is fed to a transport container via an “upper” outlet 27 and a waste discharge 22.
  • the filtered liquid emerging from the sieve tube 20 flows through the perforated partition 24 back to the grinder 11, or, if this exceeds the liquid level 4, via the liquid overflow 6 into the sewage system.
  • a liquid drain 5 is opened so that the liquid flows from the tank 1, the grinder 11 and the drying press 18 to the deepest point of the tank bottom 2 and all the remaining waste is washed into the removable trash baskets 3 on the tank bottom.
  • the housing 25 of the drying press 18 has a cleaning door 23, the tank 1, in particular the filler channel 8 and the grinding area 28, are covered by a lid 10 which can be folded up. the which cover the entire bottom of the grinding area 28, the waste strainer baskets 3 with the waste residues can be easily removed and cleaned.
  • the partition 24 between the grinding area 28 with grinder 11 and pressing area 29 of the drying press 18 is also easily removable, so that, for. B. a hosing down with a water hose is possible. In the example given, speeds of the grinding disk of approximately 700-1400 revolutions per minute and the spindle of approximately 100-200 revolutions per minute have proven to be expedient.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)

Claims (13)

1. Appareil pour le broyage et le compactage de déchets, comprenant une cuve (1) destinée à la réception des déchets, pouvant être remplie de liquide jusqu'à un niveau prédéterminé (4), un cylindre broyeur rotatif (12) muni d'outils de broyage, disposé sur l'une des parois intérieures de la cuve (1) et dont l'axe est approximativement horizontal afin de créer un courant rotatif autour d'un axe horizontal virtuel, ce cylindre faisant partie d'une unité de broyage (11) entraînée par un moteur (17), un dispositif de remplissage (7, 8) pour le remplissage des déchets dans la cuve (1 ), une presse de séchage (18) essentiellement composée d'un boîtier en forme de tuyeau (23), d'un tamis en forme de tuyeau (20) disposé concentriquement dans ce boîtier, d'une vis sans fin (19) tournant à l'intérieur du tuyeau-tamis (20) et d'une sortie pour les déchets compactés disposée à l'extrémité de la vis sans fin (27, 22), ainsi qu'une liaison pour l'acheminement de pâte des déchets entre la zone (17) située derrière l'unité de broyage (11) et la zone située en-dessous de l'entrée (inférieure) de la vis sans fin, caractérisé par
a) la disposition de la presse de séchage (18) dans la cuve de réception (1) et en face du cylindre broyeur (12) de l'unité de broyage (11). et
b) la séparation de la cuve de réception des déchets (1) en un compartiment de broyage (28) et un compartiment de pressage (29) au moyen d'une paroi de séparation (24), de préférence amovible à des fins de nettoyage.
c) la liaison réalisée sous forme de canal de liaison (16).
2. Appareil selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le début de la vis sans fin de la presse de séchage (18), lié au canal de liaison (16), est disposé dans la zone de fond de la cuve commune (1), que le canal de liaison (16) est également disposé dans la zone du fond, que la zone située derrière l'unité de broyage sert de réceptacle et est reliée à la zone de broyage par un tamis (13), et que l'extrémité opposée du canal de liaison est reliée avec le secteur du réceptacle (14) se trouvant au-dessous du tamis (13) en vue de l'acheminement de la pâte des déchets broyés,
3. Appareil selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'axe de la vis sans fin rotative etc. (19) de la presse de séchage (18) est approximativement verticale et donc forme un angle droit avec l'axe horizontal du cylindre broyeur (12) de l'unité de broyage (11).
4. Appareil selon les revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la paroi de séparation (24) est perforée, laissant libre une fente reliant le compartiment de broyage et le compartiment de pressage.
5. Appareil selon les revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le liquide pressé par la vis sans fin (19) à travers le tuyeau-tamis (20) dans le boîtier (23) entourant le tuyeau se rassemble dans le fond du compartiment de pressage (29) de la cuve (1) et coule en direction du cylindre broyeur (12) de l'unité de broyage (11), de telle sorte à créer un courant horizontal en direction de l'unité de broyage (11).
6. Appareil selon les revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que dans le compartiment de broyage (28), la totalité du fond de la cuve (2) est recouvert de paniers-tamis (3) amovibles et est incliné vers un écoulement (5).
7. Appareil selon les revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le cylindre broyeur (12) tournant autour d'un axe horizontal est muni d'ailes de pompe (15) disposées de telle sorte qu'elles aspirent la pâte de déchets broyés à travers un tamis en forme d'anneau (13) faisant saillie dans la cuve (1) et délimitant latéralement le cylindre broyeur (12) dans le réceptacle formé par le boîtier de pompe (14) se trouvant derrière le broyeur et qu'elles acheminent ces déchets par le canal de liaison (16) vers l'entrée (inférieure) de la vis sans fin de la presse de séchage (18).
8. Appareil selon les revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que l'ouverture de remplissage (7) du dispositif de remplissage est décalée latéralement par rapport au compartiment de broyage (28) et débouche dans une rigole de remplissage (8) approximativement horizontale, de préférence légèrement inclinée, elle-même débouchant la zone de broyage (4) au-dessus du niveau de l'eau (4), et que l'entrée de la rigole de remplissage (8) est munie d'une tuyère de filtration (9), de préférence équipée d'un dispositif de renversement, servant d'entrée au liquide, de telle sorte que les déchets soient rincés dans le compartiment de broyage de la cuve (1) et que soit créé simultanément un courant horizontal en direction de la presse de séchage (18).
9. Appareil selon la revendication 8, caractérisé par une liaison entre le boîtier de la pompe (14) et la tuyère de filtration (9) telle qu'un courant de liquide soit dévié du mélange de déchets et de liquide et acheminé vers la tuyère de filtration (9).
10. Appareil selon. les revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que le boîtier (25) de la presse de séchage (18) est posé à joint étanche sur une ouverture pratiquée dans la face supérieure de la cuve (1) et présente une coupe ronde ou carrée, de telle sorte que le tube de sortie (22) des déchets séchés et compactés puisse être tourné de tous les côtés.
11. Appareil selon les revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que le boîtier (25) est muni d'une porte de nettoyage (23) sur laquelle le tube de sortie (22) est de préférence fixé directement.
12. Appareil selon les revendications 1 à 11; caractérisé en ce qu'un moteur-réducteur (21) est disposé au-dessous de la vis sans fin (19) coa- xialement à celle-ci, de telle sorte qu'il soit possible de retirer le tuyeau-tamis (20) vers le haut sans pour cela devoir démonter le moteur.
13. Appareil selon les revendications 1 à 12, caractérisé en ce que dans le compartiment de pressage (29) de la presse de séchage (18) délimité par la paroi de séparation (24) à l'intérieur de la cuve (1) est prévu un régleur du niveau de remplissage (26) permettant de prérégler le niveau de remplissage de la cuve (4), et que de préférence à un faible écart au-dessus de celui-ci est prévue une surverse (6).
EP85102494A 1984-03-30 1985-03-06 Appareil pour le broyage et le compactage de déchets Expired - Lifetime EP0156206B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85102494T ATE50519T1 (de) 1984-03-30 1985-03-06 Maschine zum zerkleinern und verdichten von abfall.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3411918 1984-03-30
DE19843411918 DE3411918A1 (de) 1984-03-30 1984-03-30 Maschine zum zerkleinern und verdichten von abfall

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0156206A2 EP0156206A2 (fr) 1985-10-02
EP0156206A3 EP0156206A3 (en) 1988-03-09
EP0156206B1 true EP0156206B1 (fr) 1990-02-28

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ID=6232156

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85102494A Expired - Lifetime EP0156206B1 (fr) 1984-03-30 1985-03-06 Appareil pour le broyage et le compactage de déchets

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EP (1) EP0156206B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE50519T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3411918A1 (fr)

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JP2597021B2 (ja) * 1990-02-22 1997-04-02 楢夫 新矢 生ゴミ粉砕処理装置
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AU2003266880A1 (en) * 2002-09-13 2004-04-30 Whirlpool Canada Inc. Device and process for processing organic waste
JP2006290838A (ja) * 2005-04-14 2006-10-26 Ueno Technology:Kk ヒドラジド化されたヒドロキシナフタレンジカルボン酸およびその誘導体ならびにその製造方法
ITUD20060119A1 (it) * 2006-05-05 2007-11-06 Asia Di Zanette Attilio Perfezionamenti al complesso automatico di triturazione ed estrazione di materiali a masse solide da fluidi provenienti da fognature
DE102007024007B4 (de) * 2007-05-22 2016-11-10 Rational Ag Dampfgenerator für ein Nahrungsmittelbehandlungsgerät und Dampfgargerät
IT1401039B1 (it) * 2010-07-05 2013-07-12 Wam Spa Impianto di separazione a coclea per il trattamento di impasti liquidi
DE102011115564A1 (de) 2011-06-07 2012-12-13 Avermann Laser- und Kant-Zentrum GmbH Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung für Speise- und Lebensmittelabfälle, insbesondere im gastronomischen Bereich, sowie Verfahren zum Betreiben einer derartigen Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung
DE102013200164A1 (de) 2012-02-03 2013-08-08 Avermann Laser- und Kant-Zentrum GmbH Vorrichtung zur Aufbereitung von organischen Stoffen, nämlich Tiernahrung-, Speise- oder Lebensmittelabfällen und/oder Abfällen des Schlachtgewerbes unterschiedlicher Ausgangsstruktur und Konsistenz
CN110433933A (zh) * 2019-07-03 2019-11-12 盐城致尚物业管理有限公司 一种废水处理用垃圾粉碎辅助装置
CN111437976B (zh) * 2020-04-27 2021-01-22 南通市金宏电化设备有限公司 一种餐厨垃圾破碎回收处理装置
CN112108245B (zh) * 2020-08-26 2021-05-04 四川省环境政策研究与规划院 一种厨余垃圾自动破碎浆化工艺

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE50519T1 (de) 1990-03-15
DE3576125D1 (de) 1990-04-05
DE3411918A1 (de) 1985-10-10
EP0156206A2 (fr) 1985-10-02
EP0156206A3 (en) 1988-03-09
DE3411918C2 (fr) 1991-10-10

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