EP0155729B1 - Schaltungsanordnung zum Wechselstrombetrieb von Hochdruckgasentladungslampen - Google Patents

Schaltungsanordnung zum Wechselstrombetrieb von Hochdruckgasentladungslampen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0155729B1
EP0155729B1 EP85200313A EP85200313A EP0155729B1 EP 0155729 B1 EP0155729 B1 EP 0155729B1 EP 85200313 A EP85200313 A EP 85200313A EP 85200313 A EP85200313 A EP 85200313A EP 0155729 B1 EP0155729 B1 EP 0155729B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
transistor
lamp
current
voltage
base
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85200313A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0155729A1 (de
Inventor
Hans-Günther Ganser
Klaus Dr. Schäfer
Hans-Peter Dr. Stormberg
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Philips Intellectual Property and Standards GmbH
Koninklijke Philips NV
Original Assignee
Philips Patentverwaltung GmbH
Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV
Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Philips Patentverwaltung GmbH, Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV, Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV filed Critical Philips Patentverwaltung GmbH
Priority to AT85200313T priority Critical patent/ATE40253T1/de
Publication of EP0155729A1 publication Critical patent/EP0155729A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0155729B1 publication Critical patent/EP0155729B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/288—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps without preheating electrodes, e.g. for high-intensity discharge lamps, high-pressure mercury or sodium lamps or low-pressure sodium lamps
    • H05B41/292—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions
    • H05B41/2921—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions for protecting the circuit against abnormal operating conditions
    • H05B41/2926—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions for protecting the circuit against abnormal operating conditions against internal abnormal circuit conditions
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S315/00—Electric lamp and discharge devices: systems
    • Y10S315/07—Starting and control circuits for gas discharge lamp using transistors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a circuit arrangement for AC operation of high-pressure gas discharge lamps with a current limiter arranged between the lamp and the mains AC voltage source and a high-frequency oscillator fed with direct current, which generates a high-frequency current superimposed on the mains AC lamp current through the lamp and an RF transformer and one in series with its primary winding Has lying, periodically on and off transistor, wherein a secondary winding of the transformer is connected in series with the lamp.
  • An ohmic resistor, a choke coil or an electronic ballast can be used as the current limiter.
  • a problem with the operation of high-pressure gas discharge lamps is the re-ignition after every zero crossing of the AC lamp current.
  • high re-ignition voltages may be required during the warm-up phase that they are no longer supplied by the ballast or the like and the lamp therefore goes out.
  • the lamps operated from an AC voltage source have therefore been overlaid with an additional high-frequency current.
  • a high voltage with a frequency of 1.6 to 200 kHz is additionally applied to ignite the lamps and is switched off again after the lamp is ignited.
  • This high HF voltage is above the ignition voltage of the lamps and should be at least 1000 V.
  • the RF oscillator must therefore be designed for such a voltage, for which relatively large high-performance components are required.
  • GB-PS 1 092199 a circuit arrangement for AC operation of gas discharge lamps is known, in which an additional high-frequency current is superimposed on the mains AC lamp current, which lowers the re-ignition voltage.
  • the high-frequency superimposition takes place during the full period of the AC lamp current.
  • the high-frequency current is approximately 10% of the average AC lamp current. This also requires a relatively large RF oscillator.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a circuit arrangement for AC operation of high pressure gas discharge lamps with a low re-ignition voltage, especially during the warm-up phase of the lamps, in which the individual components of the circuit - with the exception of the current limiter - are kept so small and so Low losses are said to make it possible to integrate the circuit into the lamp base or into the lamp base without thermal destruction of the components due to circuit losses.
  • This object is achieved in a circuit arrangement of the type mentioned at the outset according to the invention in that the ratio between the on and off time (duty cycle) of the transistor is chosen to be so small that the effective value of the high-frequency current coupled into the lamp is between 0.05 and 5% of the Mains alternating lamp current, and that an auxiliary device is provided, which bridges the base / emitter path of the transistor outside the vicinity of the zero crossings of the mains alternating lamp current with low resistance.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that, surprisingly, a relatively small additional high-frequency power can be used to reduce the re-ignition voltage of high-pressure gas discharge lamps. This is less than 5% of the nominal lamp wattage.
  • the frequency of the high-frequency current can be approximately between 50 kHz and 1 MHz; a favorable value is e.g. 200 kHz.
  • the high-frequency voltage required is approximately between 100 and 200 V, in the order of magnitude of the lamp voltage. It has further been found that it is sufficient to avoid reignition difficulties if the high-frequency power, which is low in comparison to normal lamp power, is only coupled in in the vicinity of the zero crossings of the AC lamp current.
  • the pulse duty factor of the transistor can be set to the desired value in that the base of the transistor is connected to a second secondary winding of the HF transformer, the other end of which is connected to the DC supply voltage of the HF, which is divided via a voltage divider -Oszillators is applied, the duty cycle of the transistor can be reduced by lowering the divided supply DC voltage and / or by increasing the number of turns of the second secondary winding.
  • the auxiliary device has a further transistor bridging the base-emitter path of the first transistor, which turns the first transistor non-conductive when a predetermined instantaneous lamp current is exceeded by switching the base of the further transistor via a potentiometer with the rectified signal the current lamp current measuring current sensor is applied.
  • the current sensor used is e.g. an AC transformer or a measuring resistor.
  • the RF oscillator only with a low efficiency of z. B. 50% works, so that relatively cheap components can be used.
  • the power loss of the RF oscillator can be reduced to approximately 10% of the power loss during continuous operation.
  • the storage capacitor of the HF oscillator can charge to the peak value of the mains voltage in this case, since no power is withdrawn from it at the maximum of the mains voltage.
  • the voltage supplied by the RF oscillator in the zero crossings of the mains voltage is higher than in continuous operation, which is the advantage for the re-ignition behavior of the lamp and enables a smaller number of turns of the secondary winding lying in series with the lamp, thus reducing the size and cost of the HF Transformer are reduced.
  • the HF oscillator therefore only needs to oscillate during this warm-up phase.
  • the RF oscillator can be switched off to reduce the circuit losses.
  • this is done in that the base-emitter path of the transistor is bridged by a further transistor which switches the first transistor non-conductive depending on the average lamp voltage, by the base of the further transistor having the voltage a smoothing capacitor is applied, which is connected in parallel via a diode to a resistor of a second voltage divider, which in turn is parallel to the series connection of lamp and first secondary winding.
  • the smoothing capacitor is connected via a second diode and the potentiometer is tapped via a third diode with the Base of the further transistor connected. In this way, a mutual decoupling of the voltages of the potentiometer and the smoothing capacitor is achieved.
  • a and B are input terminals for connection to an AC network of z. B. 220 V, 50 Hz.
  • a high-pressure gas discharge lamp 2 is connected in series with a high-frequency oscillator 3 to these input terminals via a current limiter 1.
  • the outputs of the RF oscillator 3 are labeled C and D.
  • the current limiter 1 can be an ohmic resistor, a choke coil or an electronic ballast.
  • a high-frequency return capacitor 4 In parallel with the lamp 2 and the RF oscillator 3 there is a high-frequency return capacitor 4, which prevents high-frequency currents from being fed back into the AC voltage network.
  • the RF oscillator 3 In addition to the 50 Hz mains alternating lamp current, the RF oscillator 3 also couples a small high-frequency current into the lamp 2 with a frequency between 50 kHz and 1 MHz. Typically, the RF oscillator 3 would operate throughout the AC period. In order to reduce the circuit losses, the HF oscillator 3 should only oscillate in the vicinity of the zero crossings of the AC lamp current.
  • a current sensor 15, for. B. in the form of an AC converter which measures the lamp current and passes on to input terminals E and F of the RF oscillator 3.
  • Another input G of the RF oscillator 3 is connected to the electrode of the lamp 2 which is not connected to the output C of the RF oscillator 3.
  • FIG. 1 An embodiment of a suitable RF oscillator 3, which works on the principle of the flyback converter, is shown in FIG.
  • a bridge rectifier 5 with four diodes is connected to the input terminals A ' , B ' of the AC voltage network, the output of which is connected to a charging capacitor 6 in parallel.
  • the rectifier arrangement 5, 6 forms a DC voltage source for the actual HF oscillator 3.
  • This essentially consists of a high-frequency transformer 7 with a primary winding 8 and two secondary windings 9 and 10 and a transistor which can be switched on and off periodically with the primary winding 8 11.
  • the RF transformer 7 is connected with its primary winding 8 in series with the transistor 11 and a resistor 12 to the charging capacitor 6.
  • the first secondary winding 9 of the HF transformer 7 is in series with the lamp 2.
  • a voltage divider with its resistors 13 and 14 is also connected in parallel with the charging capacitor 6.
  • the voltage divider tap between the two resistors 13 and 14 is connected to one end of the second secondary winding 10 of the HF transformer 7, the other end of which is connected to the base of the transistor 11.
  • This circuit works as follows: The rectified mains voltage is present at the output of the bridge rectifier 5, as a result of which the charging capacitor 6 is charged. A current then flows out of it through the series connection of the pirmary winding 8 of the HF transformer 7, the switching transistor 11 and the resistor 12. The ratio of the voltage dividing resistors 13 and 14 is selected such that the divided DC supply voltage and there with the base voltage applied to the switching transistor 11 is sufficient to make the switching transistor 11 conductive. The rise time of this current is determined by the time constant resulting from the resistor 12 and the inductance of the primary winding 8.
  • the ratio between the on and off time (duty cycle) of the transistor 11 is determined by reducing the ratio of the voltage dividing resistors 14 to 13, i.e. by lowering the divided DC voltage for supplying the HF oscillator 3, and / or by increasing the number of turns of the second secondary winding 10 so small that the effective value of the high-frequency current coupled into the lamp 2 is between 0.05 and 5% of the AC lamp current.
  • the duty cycle of the transistor 11, once set, also determines the oscillation frequency of the RF oscillator 3.
  • the base-emitter path of the switching transistor 11 is bridged by a further transistor 16 in series with a resistor 17.
  • the signal applied by the current sensor 15 to the input terminals E and F of the RF oscillator 3 is rectified by a bridge rectifier 18 and fed to the base of the second transistor 16 via a potentiometer 19.
  • the size of the base voltage can be adjusted using the potentiometer 19.
  • the oscillator circuit described so far works as follows: Is the signal of the current sensor 15 small, i. H. in the vicinity of the current zero crossings, the base voltage of the transistor 16 is also small; transistor 16 is in the non-conductive state. In this case, the switching transistor 11 and thus the RF oscillator 3 operate as described above. If the lamp current and thus the base voltage of the transistor 16 now exceed a predetermined value, the transistor 16 becomes conductive, so that the smaller resistor 17 is connected in parallel with the resistor 14. As a result, the base voltage of the transistor 11 is lowered to such an extent that it remains in the non-conductive state and the RF oscillator 3 cannot therefore oscillate.
  • the threshold value of the lamp current, from which oscillation is prevented can be set via the potentiometer 19.
  • the lamp voltage present at the input G of the RF oscillator 3 is applied to a smoothing capacitor 23 via a voltage divider consisting of resistors 20 and 21 and a diode 22.
  • the time constant of the resistor 20 and the smoothing capacitor 23 is designed such that a voltage is present at the smoothing capacitor 23 which is proportional to the mean lamp voltage.
  • the voltage across the smoothing capacitor 23 is then applied to the base of the further transistor 16 via a second diode 24.
  • the voltage taken from the potentiometer 19 is applied to the base of the further transistor 16 via a third diode 25.
  • the two diodes 24 and 25 prevent mutual interference between the current-proportional signal from the potentiometer 19 and the voltage-proportional signal from the smoothing capacitor 23.
  • the HF oscillator 3 is switched off both outside the vicinity of the zero crossings of the lamp alternating current by the one tapped by the potentiometer 19 Voltage turns the further transistor 16 on, as well as when a predetermined mean lamp voltage is exceeded, in that the voltage taken from the smoothing capacitor 23 turns the further transistor 16 on.
  • the switching threshold for the lamp operating voltage is set via the voltage divider 20, 21 such that the RF oscillator 3 is only switched off after the lamp 2 has warmed up, ie. H. at a voltage that corresponds approximately to the normal lamp voltage.
  • the oscillation frequency of the RF oscillator was about 200 kHz with a peak voltage of about 200V.
  • the metal halide discharge lamps went through their warm-up phase without reignition problems.
  • the AC lamp current was approximately 0.6 A and the effective value of the high-frequency current was approximately 0.5 mA.
  • the lamp is connected in series with the RF oscillator.

Landscapes

  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
EP85200313A 1984-03-08 1985-03-04 Schaltungsanordnung zum Wechselstrombetrieb von Hochdruckgasentladungslampen Expired EP0155729B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85200313T ATE40253T1 (de) 1984-03-08 1985-03-04 Schaltungsanordnung zum wechselstrombetrieb von hochdruckgasentladungslampen.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3408426 1984-03-08
DE19843408426 DE3408426A1 (de) 1984-03-08 1984-03-08 Schaltungsanordnung zum wechselstrombetrieb von hochdruck-gasentladungslampen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0155729A1 EP0155729A1 (de) 1985-09-25
EP0155729B1 true EP0155729B1 (de) 1989-01-18

Family

ID=6229857

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85200313A Expired EP0155729B1 (de) 1984-03-08 1985-03-04 Schaltungsanordnung zum Wechselstrombetrieb von Hochdruckgasentladungslampen

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5025197A (ja)
EP (1) EP0155729B1 (ja)
JP (1) JPS60207295A (ja)
AT (1) ATE40253T1 (ja)
CA (1) CA1256936A (ja)
DE (2) DE3408426A1 (ja)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5412222A (en) * 1993-06-30 1995-05-02 Eastman Kodak Company Storage phosphor reader having erase lamp feature failure detection
US5610477A (en) * 1994-04-26 1997-03-11 Mra Technology Group Low breakdown voltage gas discharge device and methods of manufacture and operation
WO1997014878A1 (fr) * 1995-10-20 1997-04-24 Hitachi, Ltd. Procede et dispositif de regulation de moteur a combustion interne pour vehicules
DE102005021595A1 (de) * 2005-05-10 2006-11-16 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Elekronisches Vorschaltgerät und entsprechendes Einstellverfahren
DE102006018296A1 (de) * 2006-04-20 2007-10-25 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Anordnung und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Hochdruck-Entladungslampe

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE667410A (ja) * 1964-07-28
US3411108A (en) * 1967-02-02 1968-11-12 Motorola Inc Starting circuits for magnetic core voltage inverter systems
US4087722A (en) * 1975-05-01 1978-05-02 American Ionetics, Inc. Apparatus and method for supplying power to gas discharge lamp systems
DE2961104D1 (en) * 1978-02-11 1981-12-10 Elstrom Control System Ag Electronic device for controlling the light intensity of a gaseous discharge lamp without a heated cathode
US4378514A (en) * 1980-10-27 1983-03-29 General Electric Company Starting and operating circuit for gaseous discharge lamps
HU181323B (en) * 1981-05-08 1983-07-28 Egyesuelt Izzolampa High-frequency system of additional resistor for electric discharge lamp
US4392081A (en) * 1981-07-31 1983-07-05 General Electric Company Lighting unit
NL8104200A (nl) * 1981-09-11 1983-04-05 Philips Nv Elektrische schakeling voor het bedrijven van een gas- en/of dampontladingslamp.
US4464607A (en) * 1981-09-25 1984-08-07 General Electric Company Lighting unit

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS60207295A (ja) 1985-10-18
EP0155729A1 (de) 1985-09-25
US5025197A (en) 1991-06-18
ATE40253T1 (de) 1989-02-15
DE3408426A1 (de) 1985-09-12
DE3567787D1 (en) 1989-02-23
CA1256936A (en) 1989-07-04

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