EP0153541A1 - Rundes Fernster für einen Mikrowellenhohlleiter - Google Patents

Rundes Fernster für einen Mikrowellenhohlleiter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0153541A1
EP0153541A1 EP84402742A EP84402742A EP0153541A1 EP 0153541 A1 EP0153541 A1 EP 0153541A1 EP 84402742 A EP84402742 A EP 84402742A EP 84402742 A EP84402742 A EP 84402742A EP 0153541 A1 EP0153541 A1 EP 0153541A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
circular
waveguide
guide
window
section
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP84402742A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0153541B1 (de
Inventor
Jean-Claude Kuntzmann
Jacques Tikes
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thales SA
Original Assignee
Thomson CSF SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thomson CSF SA filed Critical Thomson CSF SA
Publication of EP0153541A1 publication Critical patent/EP0153541A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0153541B1 publication Critical patent/EP0153541B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
    • H01J23/36—Coupling devices having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube, for introducing or removing wave energy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/08—Dielectric windows

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a window for a microwave waveguide, more particularly a circular window.
  • microwave windows used in these devices must have sufficient solidity to withstand a pressure which may be greater than 3 kg / cm 2 in the most unfavorable case, that is to say when they are associated with a device operating at high pressure.
  • microwave windows must also be able to withstand temperature variations of up to 800 ° C during final brazing in the component.
  • the microwave windows can be used in a wide bandwidth corresponding substantially to the bandwidth of the microwave devices in which they are mounted, band in which they do not have parasitic internal resonances generally designated by the term "Anglo-Saxon” ghost-modes ".
  • the "pill-box" type window is known in particular.
  • the pill-box window is constituted by a thin dielectric strip 1 brazed in a section of circular waveguide 2 connected on either side to a rectangular waveguide 3
  • the propagation modes are respectively TE 01 mode in the rectangular guides 3 and TE mode 11 in the circular guide 2.
  • the diameter D of the circular guide is substantially equal to the diagonal of the rectangular guide 3 so as not to modify the electrical wavelength ⁇ g between the rectangular guide and the circular guide.
  • the length L of the circular guide is electrically equal to half the guided wavelength ⁇ g.
  • the pill-box window therefore behaves like a half-wave impedance transformer.
  • this type of window has many parasitic modes or "ghost-modes", which reduces its operating band, to a useful band of about 10% compared to its central frequency.
  • the "pill-box" window has many drawbacks in terms of the width of the useful frequency band, particularly for high-power CW tubes used for telecommunications, for which the natural amplification band is much greater than the useful band, which leads to a risk of destruction in the event of accidental piloting outside the normal band of use.
  • the present invention which results from research carried out for many years, therefore aims to remedy these. disadvantages.
  • the present invention therefore relates to a circular window for microwave waveguide constituted by a circular blade of dielectric material mounted in a section of circular guide connected on either side to a waveguide operating in a band of frequencies centered around a central frequency, characterized in that the diameter of the circular blade is chosen to reject parasitic modes or "ghost-modes", outside the operating frequency band, in that the length of the section of circular guide is chosen so that the reactance of the blade and circular guide assembly is canceled for the central frequency and in that it comprises a half-wave impedance transformer, the wavelength considered being the length d electrical wave corresponding to the transformer central frequency, the height of which is chosen to carry out the adaptation in the operating frequency band.
  • Figures 3a to 3c and Figure 4 show different views of an embodiment of a circular window according to the present invention used in a waveguide 5 of rectangular section.
  • the circular window according to the invention comprises a thin blade 6 of a dielectric material, preferably of a ceramic such as alumina or the like, mounted in a section of waveguide 7 brazed on either side on the rectangular waveguide 5.
  • the thickness e of the dielectric strip was chosen so as to obtain the desired rigidity and tightness.
  • the diameter 0 of the dielectric strip which is also the diameter of the circular guide is chosen to reject the parasitic modes or "ghost-modes" far beyond the frequency band Fil F 2 to be transmitted by the rectangular waveguide in which the window is inserted.
  • the diameter ⁇ of the circular guide is between the dimension a of the short side of the rectangular guide and the dimension b of the long side of the rectangular guide.
  • the window also includes a half-wave impedance transformer 10 consisting of two elements of the same length placed on each side of the circular guide in the rectangular guide and covering, for example, one of the long sides of the rectangular wave guide 5 It can also be distributed on the two long sides. It can be achieved, as shown in Figure 3a, by an asymmetrical reduction in the height of the guide.
  • the transformer can be produced using a metal plate attached to one of the long sides of the guide.
  • the height h of the transformer is chosen to carry out the adaptation in the operating frequency band F I F 2 .
  • the Smith diagram shows the variations in the frequency band F 1 , F 2 , of the impedance presented by the assembly consisting of the dielectric strip 6 of the inductive parts 8 and of the parts 9 of the circular guide section 7.
  • the thickness e of the dielectric strip, the diameter ⁇ and the length L of the circular guide section have been chosen so that the impedance of the above assembly is a pure reactance which progressively passes through inductive, zero, and capacitive values in the direction of increasing frequencies from F 1 to F 2 and is canceled for F O.
  • the impedance transformer Before the impedance transformer, at the plane ⁇ 1, there is adaptation whatever the frequency, the impedance is represented by the point A in the center of the Smith chart.
  • the arrival at pian ⁇ 2 means, whatever the frequency, a purely resistive decrease in impedance and the impedance is represented by point B to the left of point A on the p axis of the resistances of the Smith chart .
  • the displacement of the plane ⁇ 2 to the plane ⁇ 4 over the length ⁇ g / 2 causes a rotation on a circle of radius AB centered at point A in the trigonometric direction.
  • the angle of rotation depends on the operating frequency: thus it is 2 ⁇ for F O of 2 ⁇ . for F 1 , and 2 ⁇ for F 2 .
  • the impedance is represented by the point C located on the circle above the point B for F 1 .
  • the impedance is represented by point B for F O and by point E located on the circle below point B for F 2 .
  • the transformer is crossed and there is an increase in purely resistive impedance which compensates for the decrease which had occurred at the plane ⁇ 2.
  • the impedance on the plane ⁇ 5 is therefore represented at the frequencies F 1 , F O and F 2 by the points DA and F which are substantially aligned on the axis q of the impedances. Points D and F are located on either side of A.
  • the impedance in the median plane ⁇ 3 distant from ⁇ g / 4 from the plane ⁇ 5 is deduced from the impedance at the plane ⁇ 5 by a 180 ° rotation of the line segment D A F.
  • the impedance of the half-wave transformer is therefore an impedance which successively takes on purely capacitive values, zero and purely inductive in the direction of increasing frequencies from F 1 to F 2 , namely from D to F.
  • the dimensions of the dielectric strip and of the circular guide as well as the height h of the transformer are determined so that the impedance of the transformer and that of the assembly constituted by the dielectric plate and the elements of the circular guide compensate in the frequency band F ,, F 2 so as to be adapted with a standing wave ratio substantially equal to 1 and without having modes parasites or "ghost-modes" in the frequency band F I , F 2 , as can be seen in FIG. 8 which represents a diagram giving the standing wave ratio as a function of the frequency in a circular window conforming to the present invention.
  • the circular guide section 7 is at the cutoff frequency.
  • the length of the circular guide section is very short compared to the electrical wavelength ⁇ g, there is no problem of wave transmission.
  • a circular window in accordance with the present invention was tested on a waveguide of rectangular section with internal dimensions 15.80 x 34.85 mm.
  • the dimensions of the window are as follows:
  • the standing wave ratio is 1.15 in a frequency band of 5.15 to 8.15 GHz without parasitic mode.
  • the width of the operating band relative to the central frequency has thus been increased to 45%.
  • the first "ghost-mode" is at 8.18 GHz.
  • the ceramic dielectric strip 6 is brazed on a circular jacket 11 made of a metallic material such as copper or metallized.
  • a circular jacket 11 made of a metallic material such as copper or metallized.
  • the jacket 11 also forms the wall of the circular guide 7.
  • the jacket 11 is inserted into a cylindrical frame 12 of U-shaped cross section.
  • Two metal connection pieces 13 are provided on each side of the frame 12 to make the connection between the circular guide and the rectangular wave guide 5 in accordance with the present invention.
  • the internal lateral walls of the connection pieces 13 form, at the long sides of the rectangular waveguide, the inductive parts 8.
  • connection elements 13 are brazed respectively to the frame 12 and to the ends of the two sections of rectangular guide 5.
  • the half-wave transformer 10 is constituted by two metal blades which have been brazed on one of the long sides of the rectangular waveguide 5.
  • FIG. 9 The assembly represented by FIG. 9 with the dimensions mentioned above allows a very wide band of use with a high power in continuous waves as shown in the characteristic of FIG. 8.
  • the circular window is used in a waveguide of rectangular section.
  • the circular windows according to the present invention can also be used in waveguides of any cross section such as elliptical guides, for example.
  • the waveguides of the present invention are used more particularly in satellite telecommunications equipment, for example, in the bands for "Intelsat".
EP84402742A 1984-01-17 1984-12-27 Rundes Fernster für einen Mikrowellenhohlleiter Expired EP0153541B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8400664A FR2558306B1 (fr) 1984-01-17 1984-01-17 Fenetre circulaire pour guide d'onde hyperfrequence
FR8400664 1984-01-17

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0153541A1 true EP0153541A1 (de) 1985-09-04
EP0153541B1 EP0153541B1 (de) 1989-09-20

Family

ID=9300195

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84402742A Expired EP0153541B1 (de) 1984-01-17 1984-12-27 Rundes Fernster für einen Mikrowellenhohlleiter

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4684908A (de)
EP (1) EP0153541B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH0810801B2 (de)
CA (1) CA1236179A (de)
DE (1) DE3479847D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2558306B1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2639936A1 (fr) * 1988-12-06 1990-06-08 Thomson Csf Piece en ceramique a plusieurs proprietes ameliorees et procede de fabrication d'une telle piece
FR2653272A1 (fr) * 1989-10-17 1991-04-19 Thomson Tubes Electroniques Fenetre hyperfrequence de puissance a large bande, a tenues mecanique et electrique ameliorees.

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2575604B1 (fr) * 1984-12-28 1987-01-30 Thomson Csf Guide d'ondes rectangulaire a moulures, muni d'une fenetre etanche
US5495218A (en) * 1994-04-20 1996-02-27 Thermo Instrument Controls Inc. Microwave waveguide seal assembly
FR2821487B1 (fr) * 2001-02-23 2004-09-17 Thales Electron Devices Sa Fenetre hyperfrequence en ceramique
US7746189B2 (en) * 2008-09-18 2010-06-29 Apollo Microwaves, Ltd. Waveguide circulator
US8324990B2 (en) * 2008-11-26 2012-12-04 Apollo Microwaves, Ltd. Multi-component waveguide assembly
US9520633B2 (en) 2014-03-24 2016-12-13 Apollo Microwaves Ltd. Waveguide circulator configuration and method of using same
CN104979145B (zh) * 2015-05-14 2017-01-25 电子科技大学 一种毫米波变异盒型窗的设计方法
FR3043497B1 (fr) * 2015-11-06 2019-05-10 Thales Fenetre hyperfrequence

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB601269A (en) * 1945-08-14 1948-05-03 Leslie Baden Mullett Improvements in or relating to electromagnetic waveguides
US2823356A (en) * 1952-12-11 1958-02-11 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Frequency selective high frequency power dividing networks
FR1435031A (fr) * 1964-02-21 1966-04-15 Varian Associates Coupleur perfectionné pour appareils à décharge électronique à hyperfréquence
US3436694A (en) * 1966-07-28 1969-04-01 Microwave Ass Controlling ghost-mode resonant frequencies in sealed waveguide windows
FR2023370A1 (de) * 1968-11-15 1970-08-21 Varian Associates
US3593224A (en) * 1969-02-04 1971-07-13 Teledyne Inc Microwave tube transformer-window assembly having a window thickness equivalent to one-quarter wavelength and metallic step members to transform impedance
FR2132180A1 (de) * 1971-04-05 1972-11-17 Varian Associates
EP0031275A1 (de) * 1979-12-18 1981-07-01 Thomson-Csf Mikrowellenfenster und Wellenleiter mit einem solchen Fenster

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3183459A (en) * 1963-10-04 1965-05-11 Sperry Rand Corp High power broadband waveguide window structure having septum to reduce reflection and ghost mode
US3860891A (en) * 1970-12-30 1975-01-14 Varian Associates Microwave waveguide window having the same cutoff frequency as adjoining waveguide section for an increased bandwidth
FR2127095A5 (de) * 1971-02-23 1972-10-13 Thomson Csf
JPS5451358A (en) * 1977-09-29 1979-04-23 Nec Corp Airtight window for waveguide
JPS5595301A (en) * 1978-12-28 1980-07-19 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Temperature and humidiry control element

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB601269A (en) * 1945-08-14 1948-05-03 Leslie Baden Mullett Improvements in or relating to electromagnetic waveguides
US2823356A (en) * 1952-12-11 1958-02-11 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Frequency selective high frequency power dividing networks
FR1435031A (fr) * 1964-02-21 1966-04-15 Varian Associates Coupleur perfectionné pour appareils à décharge électronique à hyperfréquence
US3436694A (en) * 1966-07-28 1969-04-01 Microwave Ass Controlling ghost-mode resonant frequencies in sealed waveguide windows
FR2023370A1 (de) * 1968-11-15 1970-08-21 Varian Associates
US3593224A (en) * 1969-02-04 1971-07-13 Teledyne Inc Microwave tube transformer-window assembly having a window thickness equivalent to one-quarter wavelength and metallic step members to transform impedance
FR2132180A1 (de) * 1971-04-05 1972-11-17 Varian Associates
EP0031275A1 (de) * 1979-12-18 1981-07-01 Thomson-Csf Mikrowellenfenster und Wellenleiter mit einem solchen Fenster

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2639936A1 (fr) * 1988-12-06 1990-06-08 Thomson Csf Piece en ceramique a plusieurs proprietes ameliorees et procede de fabrication d'une telle piece
EP0373054A1 (de) * 1988-12-06 1990-06-13 Thomson-Csf Keramikteil und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
US5136272A (en) * 1988-12-06 1992-08-04 Thomson-Csf Ceramic component having a plurality of improved properties and process for the production of such a component
FR2653272A1 (fr) * 1989-10-17 1991-04-19 Thomson Tubes Electroniques Fenetre hyperfrequence de puissance a large bande, a tenues mecanique et electrique ameliorees.
EP0424221A1 (de) * 1989-10-17 1991-04-24 Thomson Tubes Electroniques Breitbandiges Leistungs-Mikrowellenfenster
US5072202A (en) * 1989-10-17 1991-12-10 Thomson Tubes Electroniques Wideband power microwave window with improved mechanical and electrical behavior

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4684908A (en) 1987-08-04
FR2558306A1 (fr) 1985-07-19
DE3479847D1 (en) 1989-10-26
FR2558306B1 (fr) 1988-01-22
JPH0810801B2 (ja) 1996-01-31
JPS60162301A (ja) 1985-08-24
EP0153541B1 (de) 1989-09-20
CA1236179A (en) 1988-05-03

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