EP0022401B1 - Breitbandpolarisator mit niedrigem Elliptizitätsgrad und Mikrowellengerät mit einem solchen Polarisator - Google Patents

Breitbandpolarisator mit niedrigem Elliptizitätsgrad und Mikrowellengerät mit einem solchen Polarisator Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0022401B1
EP0022401B1 EP80400970A EP80400970A EP0022401B1 EP 0022401 B1 EP0022401 B1 EP 0022401B1 EP 80400970 A EP80400970 A EP 80400970A EP 80400970 A EP80400970 A EP 80400970A EP 0022401 B1 EP0022401 B1 EP 0022401B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
waveguide
polarizer
grooves
dihedrals
axis
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Expired
Application number
EP80400970A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0022401A1 (de
Inventor
Hai Nhu Bui
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Thales SA
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Thomson CSF SA
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/165—Auxiliary devices for rotating the plane of polarisation
    • H01P1/17—Auxiliary devices for rotating the plane of polarisation for producing a continuously rotating polarisation, e.g. circular polarisation
    • H01P1/171—Auxiliary devices for rotating the plane of polarisation for producing a continuously rotating polarisation, e.g. circular polarisation using a corrugated or ridged waveguide section

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a broadband polarizer with a low ellipticality rate, produced in a circular waveguide.
  • Such polarizers which make it possible to transform rectilinear polarization into circular polarization and vice versa. They produce for this, thanks to electromagnetic paths traveled at different phase speeds, a phase difference between the two components of the field. If the two components have the same amplitude and the phase difference produced is the rectilinear polarization is transformed into circular polarization which is said to be "right” or “left” depending on whether, looking in the direction of propagation, the direction of rotation of the field vector follows or does not follow the direction of clockwise .
  • phase of the field component which is parallel to the dielectric plate varies from (Ad: wavelength of the wave considered in the dielectric) in the guide section of length L which includes the dielectric plate; in this same section the phase of the field component which is orthogonal to the dielectric plate varies from ( ⁇ g: wavelength in the guide). The difference gives the phase delay of the component parallel to the dielectric plate with respect to the component orthogonal to the dielectric plate.
  • the object of the present invention is to reduce and even, to a large extent, to avoid the aforementioned drawbacks.
  • a polarizer produced in a circular waveguide of longitudinal axis XX is characterized in that this waveguide has internal grooves and in that these grooves, hollowed out in the wall of the guide, are located in planes perpendicular to the axis XX and have a first and a second depth value respectively inside a first and a second pair of dihedrons at right angles, opposite by the edge, the edge of these dihedrons being constituted by the axis XX and the dihedrons of one pair being opposed by the edge and adjacent to the dihedrons of the other pair.
  • Figure 1a shows, in a schematic view in longitudinal section, a polarizer having a longitudinal axis of symmetry XX.
  • This polarizer comprises a circular waveguide with grooves, 1, (groove: corrugation in Anglo-Saxon literature) and a progressive coupling 2.
  • the progressive coupling 2 comprises a cylindrical waveguide, 20, connected to the grooved waveguide, 1, by a waveguide in the form of a truncated cone, 21.
  • the grooved waveguide has 34 identical grooves. This guide has only been partially represented and 11 of the 34 grooves, such as groove 10, appear in FIG. 1 a.
  • FIG. 1b is a schematic view in transverse section at the height of the groove 10, of the waveguide with grooves, 1.
  • Each of the 34 identical grooves of the waveguide 1 is hollowed out over 360 ° inside the guide and is perpendicular to the axis XX.
  • the depth of the grooves is not constant; if we consider two pairs of dihedrons at right angles, opposite by the edge and whose edge is formed by the axis XX, the depth of a groove is less in one of the pairs of dihedrons (quadrants 11 and 13-figure 1b) than in the other pair of dihedrons (quadrants 12 and 14-figure 1b).
  • the depths of each groove are 23.1 and 35.6 mm; the internal diameter of the grooved guide, grooves not included, is 86.4 mm.
  • Figure 2 is a partial sectional view of the grooved waveguide according to Figures 1a and 1b. The cut was made by a plane passing through the axis XX ( Figure 1a) and cutting the quadrant 13 ( Figure 1b).
  • This figure shows the grooves, such as groove 10, the outer wall 15 of the groove guide and the walls, such as wall 16, between the grooves; in the embodiment described the thickness of the wall between the grooves is 0.5 mm and the width of the grooves is 10 mm.
  • Figure 3 is a view of a section of the grooved guide, 1, cut along two planes perpendicular to the axis XX and one of which passes inside the groove 10. This figure allows to see the interior of the groove 10, with its shallow parts 11, 13 and its deep parts 12.14.
  • the polarizer is arranged in such a way that the incident field, E ( Figures 1 and 3) is parallel to one of the two planes which mark the transition between the two different depths of grooves.
  • C 1 and C 2 being the two orthogonal components of the field E (FIGS. 1 b and 3)
  • the phase speed of the component C, in the guide with grooves 1 depends on the admittance of the quadrants 11 and 13, while the phase speed of the component C 2 depends on the admittance of the quadrants 12, 14.
  • the difference in the depths causes a difference in these admittances and therefore a difference between the phase speeds of the components C 1 and C 2 of the field during the passage through the grooved guide of the polarizer.
  • the depths have been chosen so that the influence of the grooves on the phase speed of the components C 1 and C 2 is reversed in the bands of the 4 GHz (3.7-4.2 GHz) and 6 GHz (5.925-6.425 GHz); that is, in the 4 GHz band, the normalized groove susceptibility is very low (between 0.730 and 2.20) for quadrants 11, 13 and very large (between 9.50 and 96.3) for quadrants 12, 14; on the other hand, in the 6 GHz band, the normalized susceptibility is very large (between 17.5 and 126) for quadrants 11, 13 and very low (between-2.41 and 0.167) for quadrants 12, 14.
  • phase shift between the components C 1 and C 2 is identical in the 4 GHz band to that in the 6 GHz band.
  • FIG. 4 is a graph which shows the values of the ellipticity rate T e (or, which amounts to the same thing, of the phase shift ⁇ between the components C 1 and C 2 of the field) obtained, as a function of the indicated working frequency on the abscissa, with the polarizer described above.
  • this polarizer makes it possible to pass from rectilinear polarization into circular polarization with an ellipticity rate which does not exceed 0.67 dB in the 4 GHz band and which does not exceed 0.75 dB in the band 6 GHz.
  • FIGS. 1 a and 1 b are schematic views, respectively in longitudinal section and in cross section, of another polarizer according to the invention.
  • This polarizer differs from the polarizer according to FIGS. 1 a and 1 b by the fact that a waveguide, 3, in which a dielectric plate, 4 is arranged, is placed in series with the grooved guide 1 to which it is fixed.
  • the waveguide 3 is a circular guide with a smooth internal wall.
  • the dielectric plate 4 is placed at 45 ° and the grooved guide 1 is placed as in figure 1b.
  • the polarizer according to FIGS. 5a and 5b can therefore be considered as the association of a portion of a conventional polarizer (circular waveguide 3 with, inside, a dielectric plate placed at 45 ° relative to the field) with a portion of a polarizer consisting of a circular waveguide with grooves of variable depth.
  • the phase shifts introduced by the dielectric plate and by the grooves are added and are provided to give a total phase shift as close as possible to 90 ° in the frequency band or bands of use of the polarizer.
  • a polarizer according to Figures 5a and 5b has been studied for the 4 and 6 GHz bands.
  • the dielectric plate brings a certain average phase shift in the 4 GHz band and another average phase shift in the 6 GHz band and these two phase shifts are different from 90 °;
  • the grooved guide; 1, is determined so that the number, the depths and the width of the grooves bring the average total phase shift of the polarizer to the nearest 90 ° in each of the two frequency bands.
  • FIGS. 6a and 6b are schematic views, respectively in longitudinal section and in cross section, of another example of a polarizer according to the invention.
  • This polarizer is mainly distinguished from the polarizer according to FIGS. 5a and 5b by the absence of the smooth guide 3 and by the introduction of a dielectric plate, 4, inside a grooved guide. Again the total phase shift introduced by the polarizer is produced on the one hand by the dielectric plate 4 and on the other hand by the grooves of the waveguide 1. With the absence of a smooth waveguide, everything what has been said above on the polarizer according to FIGS. 5a and 5b applies to the polarizer according to FIGS. 6a and 6b.
  • the polarizers which have been described as well as those which can be imagined without departing from the scope of the invention find more particularly their application in the field of radar, in the antennas of earth stations and the antennas mounted in satellites . More generally, the polarizers according to the invention can be used in equipment whenever a polarizer bringing a low ellipticity rate and having a high power handling is necessary.

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  • Polarising Elements (AREA)
  • Waveguide Switches, Polarizers, And Phase Shifters (AREA)

Claims (4)

1. Breitbandpolarisator mit geringem Elliptizitätsgrad, der einen kreisrunden Wellenleiter (1) mit der Längsachse XX umfaßt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dieser Wellenleiter Rillen (10) umfaßt, die in seine Innenwand eingearbeitet sind, und daß diese Rillen in zur Achse XX senkrechten Ebenen liegen und einen ersten bzw. einen zweiten Wert ihrer Tiefe im Inneren eines ersten (11, 13) bzw. eines zweiten (12, 14) Paares von rechtwinkligen Zweiflachen aufweisen, deren Scheitel einander gegenüberliegen, wobei der Scheitel dieser Zweiflache durch die Achse XX gebildet ist und die Zweiflache des einen Paares mit ihrem Scheitel einander gegenüberliegen und an die Zweiflache des anderen Paares angrenzen.
2. Polarisator nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er ferner eine dielektrische Scheibe (4) umfaßt, die im Inneren des Leiters in einer winkelhalbierenden Ebene der Zweiflache der zwei Paare von Zweiflachen angeordnet ist.
3. Polarisator nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er ferner umfaßt: einen weiteren kreisrunden Wellenleiter (3), der die Achse XX als Längsachse aufweist, wobei dieser weitere Wellenleiter an den erstgenannten Wellenleiter (1) angefügt ist; und eine dielektrische Scheibe (4), die im Inneren dieses weiteren Wellenleiters in einer winkelhalbierenden Ebene der Zweiflache der beiden Paare von Zweiflachen angeordnet ist.
4. Verwendung eines Polarisators nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche in einem mit Mikrowellen arbeitenden Gerät.
EP80400970A 1979-07-10 1980-06-27 Breitbandpolarisator mit niedrigem Elliptizitätsgrad und Mikrowellengerät mit einem solchen Polarisator Expired EP0022401B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7917847 1979-07-10
FR7917847A FR2461370A1 (fr) 1979-07-10 1979-07-10 Polariseur a large bande et faible taux d'ellipticite et materiel travaillant en hyperfrequences comportant un tel polariseur

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0022401A1 EP0022401A1 (de) 1981-01-14
EP0022401B1 true EP0022401B1 (de) 1984-09-19

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP80400970A Expired EP0022401B1 (de) 1979-07-10 1980-06-27 Breitbandpolarisator mit niedrigem Elliptizitätsgrad und Mikrowellengerät mit einem solchen Polarisator

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4305051A (de)
EP (1) EP0022401B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS5616301A (de)
FR (1) FR2461370A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4549310A (en) * 1984-03-29 1985-10-22 Rca Corporation Cross-polarization corrector for circular waveguide
US4672334A (en) * 1984-09-27 1987-06-09 Andrew Corporation Dual-band circular polarizer
US4725795A (en) * 1985-08-19 1988-02-16 Hughes Aircraft Co. Corrugated ridge waveguide phase shifting structure
US4906951A (en) * 1989-02-15 1990-03-06 United States Department Of Energy Birefringent corrugated waveguide
JP3331839B2 (ja) * 1995-11-13 2002-10-07 松下電器産業株式会社 円偏波一直線偏波変換器
JP3657484B2 (ja) 1999-12-10 2005-06-08 三菱電機株式会社 円偏波発生器

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1365484A (en) * 1971-11-10 1974-09-04 Plessey Co Ltd Waveguide structures

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2986713A (en) * 1958-04-29 1961-05-30 Kent Howard Corrugated flexible wave guide
US3668567A (en) * 1970-07-02 1972-06-06 Hughes Aircraft Co Dual mode rotary microwave coupler
US3857112A (en) * 1973-11-02 1974-12-24 Gte Sylvania Inc Broadband quarter-wave plate assembly
US4100514A (en) * 1977-04-28 1978-07-11 Gte Sylvania Incorporated Broadband microwave polarizer device
EP0014099A1 (de) * 1979-01-26 1980-08-06 ERA Technology Limited Zirkularpolarisator

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1365484A (en) * 1971-11-10 1974-09-04 Plessey Co Ltd Waveguide structures

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2461370B1 (de) 1983-08-19
JPS5616301A (en) 1981-02-17
EP0022401A1 (de) 1981-01-14
FR2461370A1 (fr) 1981-01-30
US4305051A (en) 1981-12-08

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