EP0152516B1 - Mine - Google Patents

Mine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0152516B1
EP0152516B1 EP84108581A EP84108581A EP0152516B1 EP 0152516 B1 EP0152516 B1 EP 0152516B1 EP 84108581 A EP84108581 A EP 84108581A EP 84108581 A EP84108581 A EP 84108581A EP 0152516 B1 EP0152516 B1 EP 0152516B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ignition
signal
mine according
mine
ignition point
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP84108581A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0152516A3 (en
EP0152516A2 (de
Inventor
Hermann Grosch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Atlas Elektronik GmbH
Original Assignee
Fried Krupp AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fried Krupp AG filed Critical Fried Krupp AG
Priority to AT84108581T priority Critical patent/ATE54747T1/de
Publication of EP0152516A2 publication Critical patent/EP0152516A2/de
Publication of EP0152516A3 publication Critical patent/EP0152516A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0152516B1 publication Critical patent/EP0152516B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B23/00—Land mines ; Land torpedoes
    • F42B23/10—Land mines ; Land torpedoes anti-personnel
    • F42B23/16—Land mines ; Land torpedoes anti-personnel of missile type, i.e. all kinds of mines launched for detonation after ejection from ground
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C11/00—Electric fuzes
    • F42C11/001—Electric circuits for fuzes characterised by the ammunition class or type
    • F42C11/007—Electric circuits for fuzes characterised by the ammunition class or type for land mines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C13/00—Proximity fuzes; Fuzes for remote detonation
    • F42C13/06—Proximity fuzes; Fuzes for remote detonation operated by sound waves

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a mine of the type mentioned in the preamble of claim 1.
  • Mines are a long-known and successfully used stationary (land mine) or quasi-stationary (sea mine) weapon to protect the area against the intrusion of individual enemy objects or enemy combat groups. Because of their constructive design, however, mines can only be used against objects that move on the surface of the ground or the sea, i.e. at a predetermined level. However, they are completely ineffective for objects flying over the level level with a greater or lesser distance, such as low-flying helicopters or the like.
  • Landmines also have the additional disadvantage that they are ignited by the pressure of rolling vehicles and can only destroy the vehicle from below. They are therefore essentially ineffective against vehicles with heavy ground armor, such as combat vehicles or mining vehicles.
  • a land mine of the type mentioned at the beginning is known as a so-called jumping mine ("the S-Mine 35", Why-Revue 14, 1974, pages 2277 to 2286).
  • this spring mine has three pressure pins, which are actuated at a pressure of 3 to 3.5 kg and release a spring-loaded firing pin, which forms the propellant detonator together with a primer.
  • the propellant charge When the propellant charge is ignited, it throws the detonator with the explosive charge and detonator out of the housing embedded in the ground and simultaneously ignites three delay tubes inside the detonator, which form the ignition mechanism of the propellant detonator with a fixed ignition time.
  • the ignition time of the delay tube is set such that the explosive charge is ignited while the detonator is jumping when the detonator has jumped out of the ground by about 0.7 to 1.5 m.
  • a device for triggering weapons by rolling, taking off or flying over aircraft is known.
  • Such weapons especially used at airports, such as So-called mines are triggered due to the ground and airborne noise generated by aircraft.
  • the device has a sound pickup, the received signal of which is examined for a signature that is significant due to a taxiing or overflowing aircraft. If there is one, the weapon is triggered.
  • the invention has for its object to provide mines of the type mentioned, which also reliably secure the air space above their station level up to a relevant maximum height.
  • the mine according to the invention combines the advantage of very low manufacturing costs with the effectiveness against helicopters flying in the field. Its preferably acoustic location device measures the helicopter at an early stage and adjusts the detonation height of the mine. As soon as the helicopter penetrates into the area of action of the mine, a detonation body is ejected vertically and detonated approximately at the flying height of the helicopter. The explosive charge, which preferably consists of fragmentation ammunition, will then reliably destroy the helicopter or at least damage it until it becomes unable to fly.
  • the mine according to the invention is equally advantageous against vehicles with heavy ground armor, e.g. Tanks or mine clearance vehicles, can be used.
  • the detonation body is ejected when the vehicle enters the effective area of the mine and explodes at a predetermined floor height directly in front of the vehicle, so in a region in which the vehicle can easily be destroyed or rendered unusable. In this way, e.g. destroy the optical equipment of a modern main battle tank, so that it fails for combat purposes.
  • the mine according to the invention also has the advantage of being able to be installed quickly, in particular if the installation is carried out by firing.
  • the mine shown schematically in longitudinal section in FIG. 1, has a housing 10 designed for firing with a barrel weapon with a housing cover 11 that can be detached.
  • a detonator capsule 12 which can be ejected vertically from the housing 10 by means of a propellant charge 13, which is ignited by a propellant charge igniter 14, by detaching the housing cover 11.
  • the detonator capsule 12 encloses a fragmentation ammunition 15 and an approximately centrally embedded explosive charge 16 with an explosive charge detonator 17.
  • the explosive charge detonator 17 is designed as a time detonator with a detonator timer 18, an ignition time adjuster 19 and an ignition trigger 20 actuated by the ignition timer 18.
  • the output of the receiver 21 is connected to an evaluation unit 22 for processing the received signals.
  • the evaluation unit 22, which is shown in the block diagram in FIG. 2, is designed such that, on the one hand, it sets a response time for the ignition timing adjuster 19 from the received signals and, on the other hand, generates an ignition signal for the propellant charge igniter 14 and an activation signal for the ignition timer 18.
  • the receiver 21 of the acoustic locating device 42 which is passive in the exemplary embodiment, has four electroacoustic transducers 23 to 26, which are arranged at each corner of a square square lying in a horizontal plane and form two dipoles aligned at right angles to one another.
  • the two dipoles can also be formed by only three electroacoustic transducers, which are then arranged in the corner points of an isosceles, right-angled triangle lying in the horizontal plane.
  • the electroacoustic transducers 23 to 26 are designed as microphones with all-round characteristics.
  • a small parachute 27 (FIG. 1) is attached to the housing 10 in the case of mines which are laid by firing, which ensures the corresponding alignment of the housing 10 when it hits the ground. Appropriate shaping of the housing 10 can have a supporting effect.
  • the latter has an flight altitude estimation device 28 and an ignition time calculator 29.
  • the flight altitude estimating device 28 determines at least approximately the flight altitude h z of an approaching flying object from the output signals of the receiver 21, and the ignition time computer 29 calculates the rise time t z from the estimated flight altitude h z and the ejection speed v o of the detonator capsule 12 and derives therefrom a response time signal which is at the input of the ignition timing adjuster 19 connected to the ignition timing calculator 29.
  • the ignition time of the ignition timer 18 is set in accordance with this setting time signal.
  • the flight altitude estimation device 28 has a circuit arrangement 32 for determining the elevation angle a to the flying object and for determining at least one characteristic frequency f of the flying object.
  • a circuit arrangement which can also determine the azimuth angle 1j 'to the flying object, but which is not used here, is described in detail in DE-OS 30 17 797, so that it need not be discussed in more detail here.
  • This circuit arrangement 32 is followed by a flight altitude computer 33, to which the elevation angle ⁇ and on the other hand a selected frequency f from the frequency spectrum of the measured flying object are supplied both in a differentiating element 34 and 35, both immediately and after time differentiation.
  • the flight altitude calculator 33 uses this to calculate the flight altitude h z of the measured target
  • the output of the circuit arrangement 32 leading to the elevation angle a for frequency and elevation angle determination is connected to a computing element 36 which measures the tangent of the Elevation angle value a is calculated.
  • the output of the arithmetic element 36 is connected to a multiplier 37, which has its other input on the Output of the flight altitude calculator 33 is connected.
  • the specified value A max is calculated according to the radial range of the fragmentation ammunition 15 of the detonator capsule 12. If the distance value A output by the multiplier 37 is smaller than the predetermined value A max , the comparator 38 outputs an output signal which is converted by means of a pulse shaper 39 into the ignition signal for the propellant charge igniter 14 and into the activation signal at the start of the ignition timer 18.
  • the output signal of the pulse shaper 39 only reaches the time igniter 18 and propellant charge detonator 14 when the flight altitude h calculated by the flight altitude computer 33 z is smaller than the maximum height h max of the detonator capsule 12.
  • the pulse former 39 is followed by a gate element 30, the control input of which is connected to the output of a comparator 31.
  • the comparator 31 is supplied on the one hand with the maximum climbing height h max of the detonator 12 and, on the other hand, via a connecting line to the flight altitude computer 33, the flight height h z of the flying object detected by the receiver 21.
  • the mine can be given selection properties for flying objects.
  • the frequency spectrum of the measured flying object which is anyway determined in the circuit arrangement 32 for frequency and elevation angle determination, is fed to the classification device 40.
  • the detected frequency spectrum is compared with the spectrum of a flying object, the mine of which is to be used exclusively for fighting.
  • the classification device 40 only emits a control signal if the detected frequency spectrum agrees with the known one.
  • This control signal is fed to an input of an AND gate 41 to be provided, at the other input of which the output signal of the comparator 31 is then applied.
  • the output of the AND gate 41 is connected to the control input of the gate gate 30.
  • An ignition signal or an activation signal therefore only reaches the propellant charge igniter 14 or the ignition timer 19 when the gate member 30 is open, i.e. the measured flying object has been classified as a target to be combated and, of course, when its flight altitude h z is less than the maximum height hmax of the detonator 12.
  • the evaluation unit 22 When using the mine against ground vehicles, the evaluation unit 22 is considerably simplified.
  • the ignition timer 18 is always set to a constant ignition time, so that the ignition timer 29 and the flight altitude calculator 33 are omitted.
  • Receiver 21 and evaluation unit 22 must, however, be designed such that the distance of the ground vehicle from the mine can be determined.
  • seismic sensors and a corresponding configuration of the evaluation unit 22 as described in GB-PS 1515447 or DE-OS 32 04 874 would be advantageous as receivers 21.
  • the comparator 38 will emit an output signal if the measured distance falls below a predetermined minimum distance.
  • the ignition timer 19 is then activated and the propellant charge igniter 14 is triggered.
  • the detonator 12 is ejected vertically at the initial speed v o and detonates at a predetermined level after the constant ignition time has elapsed.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
EP84108581A 1983-07-25 1984-07-20 Mine Expired - Lifetime EP0152516B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84108581T ATE54747T1 (de) 1983-07-25 1984-07-20 Mine.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19833326748 DE3326748A1 (de) 1983-07-25 1983-07-25 Mine
DE3326748 1983-07-25

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0152516A2 EP0152516A2 (de) 1985-08-28
EP0152516A3 EP0152516A3 (en) 1988-05-11
EP0152516B1 true EP0152516B1 (de) 1990-07-18

Family

ID=6204844

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84108581A Expired - Lifetime EP0152516B1 (de) 1983-07-25 1984-07-20 Mine

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0152516B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AT (1) ATE54747T1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE3326748A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3515497A1 (de) * 1985-04-30 1986-10-30 Diehl GmbH & Co, 8500 Nürnberg Panzerabwehr-mine
DE3515496A1 (de) * 1985-04-30 1992-03-26 Diehl Gmbh & Co Hubschrauberabwehr-hohlladungsmine
DE3543769A1 (de) * 1985-12-11 1990-05-31 Dynamit Nobel Ag Mine zur abwehr von bewegten objekten
IL86525A0 (en) * 1988-05-27 1988-11-15 Cohen David Promixity detector mine system
DE3927663C3 (de) * 1989-08-22 1998-11-12 Hirtenberger Ag Vorrichtung für die Zielerkennung und Abschußauslösung für abzufeuernde Boden-Luftminen bei der Hubschrauberbekämpfung
DE4034618C2 (de) * 1990-10-31 1997-03-27 Diehl Gmbh & Co Mine
DE4225233A1 (de) * 1992-07-30 1994-02-03 Deutsch Franz Forsch Inst Abwehreinrichtung

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2509705C3 (de) * 1975-03-06 1981-07-23 Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm GmbH, 8000 München Mine, insbesondere Landmine
US4001771A (en) * 1975-10-20 1977-01-04 International Business Machines Corporation Intruder detecting security system
AT346734B (de) * 1976-02-03 1978-11-27 Oregon Ets Patentverwertung Springmine
DE3017797A1 (de) * 1980-05-09 1981-11-12 Fried. Krupp Gmbh, 4300 Essen Verfahren zum bestimmen der einfallsrichtungen
DE3101722C2 (de) * 1981-01-21 1983-10-06 Messerschmitt-Boelkow-Blohm Gmbh, 8000 Muenchen Vorrichtung für die Waffenauslösung
DE3204874C2 (de) * 1982-02-11 1994-07-14 Atlas Elektronik Gmbh Passives Verfahren zum Gewinnen von Zieldaten von einer Schallquelle
DE3206285A1 (de) * 1982-02-22 1983-09-08 Ingenieurbüro für Industrietechnik Manfred Knüfelmann GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf Sensorschaltung fuer elektronisch gesteuerte minen

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Waffen-Revue 14 (1974), S. 2277-2286 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE54747T1 (de) 1990-08-15
DE3326748A1 (de) 1985-02-07
EP0152516A3 (en) 1988-05-11
DE3326748C2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1990-12-06
EP0152516A2 (de) 1985-08-28

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