EP0149713A2 - Projectile d'exercice - Google Patents

Projectile d'exercice Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0149713A2
EP0149713A2 EP84110000A EP84110000A EP0149713A2 EP 0149713 A2 EP0149713 A2 EP 0149713A2 EP 84110000 A EP84110000 A EP 84110000A EP 84110000 A EP84110000 A EP 84110000A EP 0149713 A2 EP0149713 A2 EP 0149713A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
floor
practice
projectile
training
flight
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP84110000A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0149713B1 (fr
EP0149713A3 (en
Inventor
Gerhard Dr. Glotz
Hansjörg Becker
Jürgen Dr. Böcker
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rheinmetall Industrie AG
Original Assignee
Rheinmetall GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rheinmetall GmbH filed Critical Rheinmetall GmbH
Publication of EP0149713A2 publication Critical patent/EP0149713A2/fr
Publication of EP0149713A3 publication Critical patent/EP0149713A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0149713B1 publication Critical patent/EP0149713B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B8/00—Practice or training ammunition
    • F42B8/12—Projectiles or missiles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B10/00—Means for influencing, e.g. improving, the aerodynamic properties of projectiles or missiles; Arrangements on projectiles or missiles for stabilising, steering, range-reducing, range-increasing or fall-retarding
    • F42B10/32—Range-reducing or range-increasing arrangements; Fall-retarding means
    • F42B10/48—Range-reducing, destabilising or braking arrangements, e.g. impact-braking arrangements; Fall-retarding means, e.g. balloons, rockets for braking or fall-retarding

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a training projectile according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a practice floor is known from DE-OS 32 33 045.
  • the practice range can be variably adjusted on this practice floor by changing the outer geometry.
  • Long cone-shaped projectile tips are used to set large flight distances and correspondingly short projectile points are used to set shorter flight distances.
  • the shortening of the flight range of this rotation-stabilized practice projectile is achieved in comparison to a combat projectile having the same ballistic values within a limited range, in that an increased air resistance is generated when the flight speed decreases in the subsonic speed range on the front face of the projectile body.
  • the invention has for its object to improve the practice projectile of the type mentioned in the preamble of claim 1 in such a way that immediately after reaching variably adjustable practice range, the flight of the practice projectile also undergoes such a change of direction in the supersonic speed range that a further shortening of the distance behind the Target and thus also the respective total flight distance compared to known practice projectiles.
  • the non-spin-stabilized practice floor has the decisive advantage that the stable flight phase of the training floor can be interrupted and the training floor can become unstable in the supersonic range after reaching the training range, whereby the high air resistance which forms in the transverse position or rotation of the training floor causes an immediate strong resistance Braking can take place.
  • a significantly larger effective area causing the braking effect is produced for the air resistance and, with the same ballistic requirements within a same range of practice range, the distance behind the target is significantly shortened, whereby the practice level can also be used in the smallest security areas.
  • the point in time of becoming unstable and thus the range of practice range of the practice level can be set particularly advantageously independently of the external geometry by means of a further body which can change the position of the center of focus of the projectile level, so that different aerodynamic influences in the range of the range of practice range are avoided when using different projectile projectile tips.
  • this area of the training floor is suitable for simple, preferably serial, non-cutting production.
  • the position of the center of gravity of the practice floor can be adjusted either by exchanging another body with a different mass at the rear or within the floor of the floor gradually or continuously by a body that is longitudinally adjustable inside the floor of the floor, the stepless adjustment of the center of gravity and thus the stable flight phase, in especially . is advantageous, even in the finished laboratory state of the practice floor by rotating the top of the floor about its longitudinal axis.
  • a non-spin-stabilized practice floor 3 is shown ready labored. It consists essentially of a projectile body 1, a projectile tip 8 and a combustible propellant charge sleeve 29 connected at the rear to the projectile body 1.
  • the cylindrical projectile body 1 is preferably suitable for smooth-tube bombardment of large-caliber barrel weapons, although it is also not shown on the projectile body jacket 30 when used slipping guide bands, can be fired from drawn tubes of large-caliber barrel weapons.
  • To seal the projectile jacket 30 is provided with known seals, which are not relevant to the invention and therefore, like the bottom of the projectile body 1, are not shown.
  • the front area of the projectile body 1 contains a cone-shaped tip 8 which is substantially smaller in diameter and transversely cut off at the front. Even if it is possible to set different practice shot ranges and achieve shorter flight distances, the practice projectile center of gravity 4 (FIG. 2) according to different methods ( Fig. 2 to 6) to adjust, the outer geometry 2 of the projectile body 1 and the projectile tip 8 remains unchanged in all exemplary embodiments, in order to maintain essentially equally favorable external ballistic influences.
  • FIG. 2 shows the center of gravity of the practice floor 4, the position 7.1 of the air attack point 6 at a high initial speed and the position 7.2 of the air attack point 6 assumed on the projectile axis 15 towards the tip 8 at a slower floor speed. If the air attack point 6 is in an area a between the rear 11 and the practice floor center of gravity 4, the practice floor 3 flies in a stable flight position, whereby the same ballistic requirements are achieved during this flight as with normal combat missiles (Fig. 10).
  • the practice projectile 3 becomes unstable and the large areas of the projectile shell 30, 31 can also be due to the large air resistance , which occurs in the transverse position of the floor 3 or in the case of a training floor 3 rotating about the floor center of gravity 4 perpendicular to the floor axis 15, have a braking effect.
  • the floor body 1 contains a further interchangeable body 5.1 on the rear side.
  • the body 5.1 designed as a cylinder 10 forms the rear 11 of the training floor 3 and can preferably be screwed into the floor body 1.
  • the exchangeable bodies 5.1 have the same shape, but have different densities and therefore also different masses. By exchanging the bodies 5.1, it is possible to vary the distance a variably and in stages, so that an exercise range corresponding to the stable flight phase can be set and a short projectile range can be achieved behind the target.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates the use of a body 5.2 which is designed and exchangeable as a body 5.
  • the interchangeable bodies 5.2 point to one another with the same density and outer geometry 13 has a different inner geometry 9 for producing different masses.
  • the bodies 5. 2 are interchangeably fastened within a cavity 12 of the exercise floor 3 which is open at the rear, the cavity 12 preferably being designed as a bore.
  • the body 5.2 contains at least one cavity 14 which is open at the rear and which can be varied in cross section A and / or in length 1, as a result of which different masses 5.2 can be produced in different bodies and the center of gravity of the exercise floor 4 can also be adjusted in stages.
  • the outer geometric shapes of the interchangeable 5.1 (Fig. 2) or 5.2 each have the same dimensions, whereby the manufacturing effort remains essentially the same, so that series production can also be carried out as in the case of the projectile body 1.
  • the body 5 of the practice floor 3 is shown as the position of the training floor center of gravity 4 adjustable body 5.3 on the floor axis 15.
  • the body 5.3 is designed as a cylinder 16 provided with a thread on the jacket 18, which is arranged in a threaded bore 17 open towards the rear 11 and its position on the rear side of the projectile axis 15 is adjustable.
  • a displacement of the body 5.3 in the direction of the stern 11 would reduce the distance a between the center of gravity 4 and the position 7.1 of the air attack point 6, while an adjustment of the body 5.3 in the direction of the tip 8 would increase the distance a.
  • This embodiment variant of the practice floor 3 is also particularly advantageous for series production with unchanged outer geometry 2 and unchanged inner bore 17 of the projectile body 1 and the same bodies 5.3.
  • FIG. 5 A possibility of setting the inside of the projectile body 1, which can also be carried out in the finished laboratory state
  • Continuously adjustable body 5.3 clarifies FIG. 5.
  • the body 5.3 can be continuously changed in position from the outside by the cylindrical pin 19 forming the projectile tip 8.
  • the pin 19 is rotatably mounted on the front end wall 20 of the practice floor 3 in a bearing 21 and fixed in the longitudinal direction of the floor axis 15.
  • the pin 19 is in the interior 22.1 of the threaded bore as guide 17.1 - 26 of the formed provided with a corresponding guide bore 27 and a driving groove 28 and driving body 5.3 bar.
  • FIG. 6 shows a further embodiment variant of an external adjustment possibility of the body 5.3 (FIG. 5).
  • the pin 19 rotatably fastened in the front end wall 20 in the bearing point 21 is formed as a threaded rod 23 in the interior 22.2 of a smooth bore 17.2.
  • the body 5.3 (FIG. 5) is designed as a body 5.4 which is continuously displaceable longitudinally in the bore 17.2, wherein it contains an anti-rotation device 25 and a threaded bore 24 corresponding to the threaded rod 23 in the axial direction.
  • the anti-rotation device 25 which preferably consists of a groove 33 in the body 5.4 and a spring 34 fastened within the bore 17.2, allows the body 5.4 to be locked in the circumferential direction and displaced in the direction of the projectile axis 15.
  • This embodiment variant is particularly advantageous in terms of production technology with regard to a non-cutting production of the inner bore 17 of the practice floor 3 and the outer contours of the body 5.4.
  • position 35.1 shows the center of gravity 4 once at a distance a 1 and position 35.2 at a distance a 2 from position 7.1 of the air attack point 6.
  • the distance of the practice projectile axis 4 to the tail 11 has in the position of the 35.1 M ate 11 and in the position 35.2 the level 1. 2 With f 1 the distance of the air attack point in position 7.1 to the stern 11 and with f 2 the distance in position 7.2 to the stern 11 is indicated.
  • FIG. 9 particularly illustrates the variability of the stable and unstable flight distances and thus on the one hand the range of the practice range during the stable flight and on the other hand the entire flight range of the training floor 3.
  • FIG. 10 illustrates a matching ballistic flight behavior of the practice floor 3 compared to a comparable battle floor 38 to achieve the critical flight distance x crit .
  • the total flight distances x 1 or x 2 of the training floor show the very short braking distances after reaching the destination due to the unstable flight behavior of the training floor.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
EP84110000A 1983-10-04 1984-08-22 Projectile d'exercice Expired - Lifetime EP0149713B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19833335997 DE3335997A1 (de) 1983-10-04 1983-10-04 Uebungsgeschoss
DE3335997 1983-10-04

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0149713A2 true EP0149713A2 (fr) 1985-07-31
EP0149713A3 EP0149713A3 (en) 1988-03-09
EP0149713B1 EP0149713B1 (fr) 1990-08-16

Family

ID=6210906

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84110000A Expired - Lifetime EP0149713B1 (fr) 1983-10-04 1984-08-22 Projectile d'exercice

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US4596191A (fr)
EP (1) EP0149713B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3335997A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3608109A1 (de) * 1986-03-12 1987-09-17 Diehl Gmbh & Co Bremseinrichtung fuer ein drallstabilisiertes projektil
DE3737997A1 (de) * 1986-04-29 1996-05-30 Royal Ordnance Plc Drallgedämpftes Übungsgeschoß mit wählbarer Sicherheitsflugweite
FR2717258B1 (fr) * 1994-03-08 1997-04-18 Denis Jean Pierre Cartouche à projectile de portée limitée.
US5501155A (en) * 1994-10-24 1996-03-26 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Hollow training round
AU5984496A (en) * 1995-06-07 1996-12-30 Lockheed Martin Energy Systems, Inc. Projectiles having controllable density and mass distributio n
FR2839360B1 (fr) * 2002-05-02 2006-05-19 Sagem Procede de controle de la trajectoire d'un objet largable, objet largable et module stabilisateur avant pour objet largable
DE102010034333B4 (de) * 2010-07-06 2014-12-11 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Vollkaliber-Übungsmunition
US9157713B1 (en) 2013-03-15 2015-10-13 Vista Outdoor Operations Llc Limited range rifle projectile
DE102019126585A1 (de) * 2019-10-02 2021-04-08 Rwm Schweiz Ag Geschoss mit verkürzter Reichweite
GB2602049A (en) * 2020-12-16 2022-06-22 Bae Systems Plc Trajectory adjustments
US11867487B1 (en) * 2021-03-03 2024-01-09 Wach Llc System and method for aeronautical stabilization

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2753633A1 (de) * 1976-12-01 1978-06-08 United Kingdom Government Rohrfoermiges geschoss
DE3233045A1 (de) * 1981-09-09 1983-03-24 Aktiebolaget Bofors, 69180 Bofors Uebungsgeschoss
DE3233044A1 (de) * 1981-09-09 1983-03-24 Aktiebolaget Bofors, 69180 Bofors Munitionseinheit, vorzugsweise fuer uebungszwecke
US4428294A (en) * 1982-08-16 1984-01-31 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Finless gun-fired practice round

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2457503C2 (de) * 1974-12-05 1984-11-29 Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm GmbH, 8000 München Infanteriegeschoß
DE3262628D1 (en) * 1981-06-24 1985-04-25 Oerlikon Buehrle Ag Training cartridge
DE3205612A1 (de) * 1982-02-17 1983-09-08 Mauser-Werke Oberndorf Gmbh, 7238 Oberndorf Geschoss fuer uebungsmunition

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2753633A1 (de) * 1976-12-01 1978-06-08 United Kingdom Government Rohrfoermiges geschoss
DE3233045A1 (de) * 1981-09-09 1983-03-24 Aktiebolaget Bofors, 69180 Bofors Uebungsgeschoss
DE3233044A1 (de) * 1981-09-09 1983-03-24 Aktiebolaget Bofors, 69180 Bofors Munitionseinheit, vorzugsweise fuer uebungszwecke
US4428294A (en) * 1982-08-16 1984-01-31 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Finless gun-fired practice round

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3483001D1 (de) 1990-09-20
EP0149713B1 (fr) 1990-08-16
DE3335997A1 (de) 1985-04-11
EP0149713A3 (en) 1988-03-09
US4596191A (en) 1986-06-24

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