EP0145527B1 - Machine de découpe de matière en bande par jet fluide haute pression - Google Patents

Machine de découpe de matière en bande par jet fluide haute pression Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0145527B1
EP0145527B1 EP84402081A EP84402081A EP0145527B1 EP 0145527 B1 EP0145527 B1 EP 0145527B1 EP 84402081 A EP84402081 A EP 84402081A EP 84402081 A EP84402081 A EP 84402081A EP 0145527 B1 EP0145527 B1 EP 0145527B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
jet
strip
nozzle
cutting
machine according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84402081A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0145527A3 (en
EP0145527A2 (fr
Inventor
Jean-Pierre Jumel
Bernard Guala
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Airbus Group SAS
Original Assignee
Airbus Group SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Airbus Group SAS filed Critical Airbus Group SAS
Publication of EP0145527A2 publication Critical patent/EP0145527A2/fr
Publication of EP0145527A3 publication Critical patent/EP0145527A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0145527B1 publication Critical patent/EP0145527B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26F—PERFORATING; PUNCHING; CUTTING-OUT; STAMPING-OUT; SEVERING BY MEANS OTHER THAN CUTTING
    • B26F3/00—Severing by means other than cutting; Apparatus therefor
    • B26F3/004—Severing by means other than cutting; Apparatus therefor by means of a fluid jet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D7/00—Details of apparatus for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
    • B26D7/22—Safety devices specially adapted for cutting machines
    • B26D7/24—Safety devices specially adapted for cutting machines arranged to disable the operating means for the cutting member
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26F—PERFORATING; PUNCHING; CUTTING-OUT; STAMPING-OUT; SEVERING BY MEANS OTHER THAN CUTTING
    • B26F1/00—Perforating; Punching; Cutting-out; Stamping-out; Apparatus therefor
    • B26F1/38—Cutting-out; Stamping-out
    • B26F1/3806—Cutting-out; Stamping-out wherein relative movements of tool head and work during cutting have a component tangential to the work surface
    • B26F1/3813—Cutting-out; Stamping-out wherein relative movements of tool head and work during cutting have a component tangential to the work surface wherein the tool head is moved in a plane parallel to the work in a coordinate system fixed with respect to the work
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S83/00—Cutting
    • Y10S83/929—Particular nature of work or product
    • Y10S83/936—Cloth or leather
    • Y10S83/937—From continuous or wound supply
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00—Cutting
    • Y10T83/04—Processes
    • Y10T83/0591—Cutting by direct application of fluent pressure to work
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00—Cutting
    • Y10T83/364—By fluid blast and/or suction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00—Cutting
    • Y10T83/97—Miscellaneous

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a machine for cutting along a line any material placed on a roller, in a strip by means of a high pressure fluid jet.
  • Machines are known for cutting a work or a piece whose dimensions do not exceed those of the table which supports them.
  • the cutting can be obtained either by the combination of a transverse displacement of the cutting tool with a longitudinal displacement of the table supporting the workpiece (document US-A-3,541,907), or by a displacement transverse and longitudinal of the cutting tool, the table then being fixed (documents US-A-4 116 097 and FR-A 1 479 158).
  • the subject of the present invention is precisely a cutting machine which does not have the drawbacks of the machines of the prior art and which makes it possible, in particular, for a reduced bulk, to cut a work in the form of a strip placed on a roller, this which allows the cutting of parts of any length and the production of parts in series at an accelerated rate, by a simple advance of the strip.
  • the machine for cutting strip material by high pressure fluid jet comprises a frame formed by a substantially planar support surface capable of supporting said strip material, a cutting nozzle emitting a jet of fluid under high pressure towards said strip material, means for moving the nozzle in a direction Y perpendicular to the length of the strip, characterized in that the frame supports at one end a coil of strip material to be cut, said surface d support comprising, between the reel and the cutting nozzle, a fixed table provided with a guide tunnel in which the strip material circulates, and in that means are provided for simultaneously ensuring the rotational driving of the reel and driving the strip in a direction parallel to the length of the strip, by pressing it between two rollers, at least one of which is powered, the fixed table extending on either side of the rollers and these means from drag which can be operated at will in either direction.
  • the material to be cut can in particular be a prepreg composite material whose protective sheet, or separator, covering the underside is generally removed to facilitate the subsequent use of the cut and reduce the setting time of this one, this lower face can be sticky.
  • the tunnel is transparent.
  • the cutting machine comprises a system for recovering the jet placed opposite the cutting nozzle, on the other side of the material to be cut.
  • this system comprises, in the trajectory of the jet. at least a first metal plate ensuring the dislocation of the jet and a device for detecting the wear of this plate comprising a normally sealed cavity situated below said plate and the lower wall of which comprises at least one other metal plate struck by the jet when the first plate is pierced, and means for detecting the arrival of the jet in said cavity.
  • these latter means comprise an electrical circuit comprising an indicator, the implementation of which is controlled by the closing of said circuit resulting from the contacting of said other wafer and of an electrode located in the cavity, when the jet of fluid happens in this one.
  • the surface of support preferably comprises, between the nozzle and the jet recovery system, a false fixed table having a slot substantially of the width of the jet emitted by the nozzle, this slot preferably being cut directly in the table by the jet.
  • the jet recovery system which moves at the same time as the nozzle, then comprises at its upper end in contact with the table a seal having a reduced coefficient of friction with the latter.
  • the machine according to the invention comprises means for automatic control of the means for moving the nozzle and of the drive means, in order to ensure the cutting into the strip material of parts and scraps, the bearing surface comprising, downstream of the cutting nozzle, at least one conveyor belt, the advance of which feeds the scraps to a means for removing scraps from the cut material, and means for detecting presence of a part on said conveyor belt controlling its stopping, said detection means being respectively activated and deactivated by said automatic control means, depending on whether they cut a part or a scrap , in order to control the stop of the conveyor belt to allow the gripping of the parts and to convey the falls without stopping the belt to said means for evacuating falls.
  • a second conveyor belt the advance of which is automatically controlled, for a determined time, by the automatic control means, after the cutting of a workpiece or of a scrap, can be placed between the cutting nozzle and said conveyor belt in order to facilitate the cutting of the material into a band.
  • the cutting machine comprises three separate parts constituted by an electromechanical execution assembly 10, a control assembly 12 and a source of fluid under very high pressure 14. These three sets can be physically separated from each other as illustrated in the figure.
  • the control assembly 12 comprises a digital control 16 and a control bay 18. It is connected to the electromechanical assembly 10 by connection cables 20.
  • the source of fluid under very high pressure 14 is constituted by a high pressure group delivering in the most common case of water under very high pressure which is conveyed to the cutting nozzle 22 of the assembly 10 by a pipe. 24.
  • the electromechanical execution assembly 10 comprises a frame 26 supporting at one of its ends a coil 28 of a strip material 30, to be cut into pieces 32 whose shape can be any.
  • the reel 28 is mounted on an axis 34 which can rotate freely on the frame 26, so as to allow the unreeling of the strip 30.
  • the horizontal upper face of the frame 26 constitutes a bearing surface formed, from the end of the frame carrying the coil 28 to the opposite end, of a fixed table 36, of a first endless conveyor of small length 38 and a second endless conveyor 40 of greater length.
  • the width of these various elements constituting the bearing surface on which the strip 30 is received is slightly greater than the width of the latter, in particular in order to allow the strip to be guided on the table 36.
  • the frame 26 supports, from the end carrying the reel 28 to its opposite end, a device 42 for unwinding the strip 30, a device 44 for advancing and guiding the strip on the table 36, a cutting device 46 located between the table 36 and the first conveyor 38 and a device 48 for sorting and evacuating scraps allowing the gripping of the pieces.
  • the unwinding device 42 comprises a rubberized roller 50 frictionally driving the reel 28.
  • the roller 50 is fixed on an axis 52 parallel to the axis 34 of the reel and this axis 52 is mounted rotating at the end an articulated arm (not shown) whose opposite end is articulated around a fixed axis 54.
  • the rubberized roller 50 is thus pressed against the coil under the action of gravity, possibly reinforced by the action of means elastic (not shown).
  • Two belts 56 and 58 mounted on appropriate pulleys serve to transmit to the shaft 52 carrying the roller 50 the rotational movement of an axis 60 of the device 44 for advancing the strip, passing through the fixed axis 54.
  • the device 44 for advancing and guiding the strip 30 comprises a drive roller 62 mounted on the axis 60 of a motor 64, above the strip 30.
  • a metal roller 66 is placed below the strip 30 in a notch of the table 36, so that its upper generatrix is flush with the upper face of the latter, as illustrated in FIG. 2.
  • the axes 60 and 68 of the roller 62 and of the roller 66 are parallel to the axis 34 of the reel 28 and situated in the same vertical plane, so as to press the strip 30 therebetween. This result is obtained by applying the roller 62 against the metal roller 66 with a determined pressure, using known means (not shown).
  • An encoder or counter 70 is associated with the metal roller 66 in order to determine the number of revolutions of the latter and therefore the length of the strip which runs on the table 36.
  • the motor 64 serving to control the advance of the strip 30 on the table 36 can move this strip parallel to its length in either direction by means of the mechanism which has just been described, as illustrated by the arrow X in FIG. 1.
  • the belts 56 and 58 allow the motor 64 to simultaneously rotate the roller 50 and the roller 62.
  • the diameters of these rollers as well as the diameters of the pulleys on which the belts are received are chosen so that the speeds the two rollers are equal to each other.
  • the device 44 for advancing the strip does not have to overcome the inertia of the reel 28, but only that of the portion of strip lying between the roller 50 and the cutting device 46 and that of the rigid roller. 66.
  • the strip material 30 to be cut may have a certain rigidity
  • good flatness of the unwound strip is obtained in the cutting zone by placing on the table 36 a tunnel 72 comprising a notch for the passage of the roller 62.
  • the strip material to be cut is a prepreg composite material
  • the latter is generally stored in continuous strip in the tacky state between two sheets called separators.
  • the separator which covers the underside of the strip, that is to say the side facing the plate of the machine, is removed so, on the one hand , to facilitate the subsequent use of the blank and, on the other hand, to reduce the handling times of the blanks. Indeed, if the two separators remained in place, the operator would have to turn over the cut to remove the second separator and would risk leaving pieces, in his precipitation, pieces which would adversely affect the quality of the composite.
  • the machine further comprises orifices 74 formed in the table 36 along a substantially median axis, as illustrated in FIG. 2.
  • These orifices are supplied with air compressed, which allows to permanently create between the table and the band 30 an air cushion preventing the latter from coming to adhere to the table.
  • the precision of the movement of the strip 30 along the axis X is not affected. It should be noted that the air cushion created between the strip and the table 36 tends to move the strip away from the table, but that this movement is limited by the tunnel 72.
  • the tunnel 72 is transparent, so as to allow visual control of the cutting operations.
  • the cutting device 46 comprises in known manner a cutting nozzle 22 disposed vertically above the strip 30 and a jet recovery system 76 disposed below the strip, opposite the nozzle 22.
  • the nozzle 22, like the recovery system 76, are mounted on transverse guide columns 78 and 80 parallel to the axis 34 of the roller 28.
  • a motor 82 allows, by means of pulleys and suitable belts generally designated by the reference 84, to move the nozzle 22 and the recuperator 76 along their respective guide column in one direction or the other, so that they remain permanently opposite one of the other.
  • the transverse displacement thus obtained is designated by the arrow Y in FIG. 1.
  • the recovery system 76 of the jet delivered by the nozzle 22 is placed below a false table 86 extending the table 36 and having a slot 88 whose width is substantially equal to the width of the jet leaving the nozzle 22.
  • the false table 86 is preferably made in a material capable of being cut by the jet, such as a plastic, and the slot 88 is cut from this material by the jet itself.
  • the recovery system 76 has in its upper part a tube 90 of vertical axis carrying at its upper end a cylindrical seal 92 made for example of felt in order to have a coefficient of friction as low as possible with the false table 86
  • the seal 92 is drilled in its center with a hole 94 of diameter substantially equal to the diameter to be thrown. This seal thus makes it possible, in combination with the false table 86, to confine as much as possible the noise inside the recovery system and to prevent the water vapor formed in it from escaping. by its upper end.
  • the jet is dislocated on a horizontal plate 96 of sintered metal fixed at the bottom of the tube. Holes 98 formed in the tube 90 above the plate 96 allow the water vapor formed by the dislocation of the jet to flow by gravity to a pipe 100. It will be noted that the presence of the false table 86 and of the gasket 92 make it possible to avoid any risk of escape of the water vapor from the top of the tube, so that it is no longer necessary as in the devices of the prior art to provide additional means to suck the water vapor formed by the dislocation of the jet on the wafer. The noise of the machine is thus further reduced, as well as its cost.
  • the recovery system 76 further comprises means 102 for detecting the piercing of the wafer 96 by the jet.
  • These means consist of a chamber 104 formed at the lower part of the tube 90, below the plate 96 and normally sealed.
  • the lower partition of this chamber 104 has in its central part a second plate 106 also made of sintered metal, as well as an electrode 108 separated from the plate 106 by a block 110 of an electrically insulating material.
  • the plate 106 and the electrode 108 are mounted in an electrical circuit (not shown) further comprising a wear indicator of the plate 96 and a source of electrical voltage.
  • the plate 96 When the plate 96 is pierced by the jet of fluid emitted by the cutting nozzle 22, the water passes through the chamber 104 and strikes the plate 106 which ensures its dislocation. The water thus admitted into the chamber 104 brings the wafer 106 into contact with the electrode 108, which has the consequence of closing the electrical circuit and energizing the indicator. It should be noted that the detection of the piercing of the plate 96 is thus practically immediate and is carried out without a single drop of water being discharged outside the recovery system 76.
  • the false table 86 is extended by a first conveyor belt 38, the implementation of which is controlled by a motor 116.
  • a second conveyor belt 40 extends the band 38 and is controlled independently of it by a second motor 118.
  • the device for sorting and evacuating scraps 48 comprises a means for detecting the pieces 32 constituted by a photoelectric barrier 120 placed at the end of the conveyor belt 40 situated at the end of the assembly 10. It further comprises a receiving tank 122 placed below the end of the conveyor 40, so as to receive the scraps conveyed by the latter.
  • the various motors 64, 82, 116 and 118 as well as the light barrier 120 of the electromechanical assembly 10 are controlled by the control assembly 12, so that the cutting of the pieces 32 are carried out according to a determined program, that the scraps resulting from this cutting automatically fall into the tray 122 and that the conveyor 40 stops when it supports a piece 32.
  • the digital control 16 is designed so that it sends an activation order of the light barrier 120 when it orders the cutting of a piece in the strip 30 by means of the motors 64 and 82 and that it sends an order to deactivate the light barrier 120 when it controls the cutting of a drop in the strip material.
  • the control assembly 12 continuously sends, according to a program determined in advance, orders for cutting the pieces and falling in the strip 30. These orders result in combined movements of the cutting nozzle 22 and the strip to be cut respectively in the directions Y and X, leading to the successive cutting of parts and of scrap according to this program.
  • the control assembly 12 starts the motor 116 which was previously stopped during the cutting.
  • the part or the scrap is thus conveyed by the conveyor 38 to the conveyor 40, after which the conveyor 38, whose motor 116 is supplied in a timed manner, stops.
  • the motor 118 of the conveyor 40 is normally supplied continuously from the control assembly 12, so that the part or the scrap whose cutting has just been completed is transported to the end of the conveyor belt 40. At this stage, and as illustrated diagrammatically in FIG. 4, two cases must be distinguished.
  • the element which is on the conveyor 40 is a fall 33.
  • the photoelectric barrier 120 is deactivated. The barrier therefore does not detect the passage of the fall, so that the motor 118 remains energized and the fall falls at the end of the conveyor 40 in the tank 122.
  • the photoelectric barrier 120 is activated, so that it immediately detects the part when it reaches its level. This detection has the immediate effect of causing the engine 118 and, consequently, the carrier 40 to stop.
  • the workpiece can then be gripped by any medium, i.e. both manually and by an appropriate automatic handling device. This grip is represented schematically by the arrow 123 in FIG. 4.
  • the signal emitted by the light barrier 120 disappears and the motor 118 again controls the advance of the conveyor 40 until the arrival of a new part which will in turn be detected by the photoelectric barrier.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
  • Details Of Cutting Devices (AREA)
EP84402081A 1983-10-17 1984-10-16 Machine de découpe de matière en bande par jet fluide haute pression Expired EP0145527B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8316466A FR2553330B1 (fr) 1983-10-17 1983-10-17 Machine de decoupe de matiere en bande par jet fluide haute pression
FR8316466 1983-10-17

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0145527A2 EP0145527A2 (fr) 1985-06-19
EP0145527A3 EP0145527A3 (en) 1985-07-10
EP0145527B1 true EP0145527B1 (fr) 1988-01-20

Family

ID=9293206

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84402081A Expired EP0145527B1 (fr) 1983-10-17 1984-10-16 Machine de découpe de matière en bande par jet fluide haute pression

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4620466A (es)
EP (1) EP0145527B1 (es)
DE (1) DE3468829D1 (es)
ES (1) ES8602470A1 (es)
FR (1) FR2553330B1 (es)

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US4140038A (en) * 1977-01-11 1979-02-20 Camsco, Inc. Fluid jet cutter
US4116097A (en) * 1977-09-06 1978-09-26 Usm Corporation Cutting machine incorporating means for transferring cut parts and scrap
FR2534516B1 (fr) * 1982-10-19 1986-08-08 Aerospatiale Appareil de decoupe par jet de fluide haute pression

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4121513A1 (de) * 1990-06-29 1992-01-09 Erhard Kosch Schneidmaschine

Also Published As

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FR2553330B1 (fr) 1988-04-22
EP0145527A3 (en) 1985-07-10
DE3468829D1 (en) 1988-02-25
US4620466A (en) 1986-11-04
ES536799A0 (es) 1985-12-01
FR2553330A1 (fr) 1985-04-19
EP0145527A2 (fr) 1985-06-19
ES8602470A1 (es) 1985-12-01

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