EP0140798A1 - Process for the manufacture of a coated fabric - Google Patents

Process for the manufacture of a coated fabric Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0140798A1
EP0140798A1 EP84420150A EP84420150A EP0140798A1 EP 0140798 A1 EP0140798 A1 EP 0140798A1 EP 84420150 A EP84420150 A EP 84420150A EP 84420150 A EP84420150 A EP 84420150A EP 0140798 A1 EP0140798 A1 EP 0140798A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fabric
threads
fleeting
weft
thread
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Granted
Application number
EP84420150A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0140798B1 (en
Inventor
Serge Ferrari
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Tissage et Enduction Serge Ferrari SA
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Tissage et Enduction Serge Ferrari SA
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Priority to AT84420150T priority Critical patent/ATE21945T1/en
Publication of EP0140798A1 publication Critical patent/EP0140798A1/en
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06NWALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/04Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06N3/06Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds with polyvinylchloride or its copolymerisation products
    • D06N3/065PVC together with other resins except polyurethanes
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03WEAVING
    • D03DWOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/60Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the warp or weft elements other than yarns or threads
    • D03D15/68Scaffolding threads, i.e. threads removed after weaving
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06NWALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0043Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by their foraminous structure; Characteristics of the foamed layer or of cellular layers
    • D06N3/0052Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by their foraminous structure; Characteristics of the foamed layer or of cellular layers obtained by leaching out of a compound, e.g. water soluble salts, fibres or fillers; obtained by freezing or sublimation; obtained by eliminating drops of sublimable fluid
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/913Material designed to be responsive to temperature, light, moisture
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3179Woven fabric is characterized by a particular or differential weave other than fabric in which the strand denier or warp/weft pick count is specified
    • Y10T442/3195Three-dimensional weave [e.g., x-y-z planes, multi-planar warps and/or wefts, etc.]
    • Y10T442/3203Multi-planar warp layers
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3179Woven fabric is characterized by a particular or differential weave other than fabric in which the strand denier or warp/weft pick count is specified
    • Y10T442/322Warp differs from weft
    • Y10T442/3228Materials differ
    • Y10T442/326Including synthetic polymeric strand material
    • Y10T442/3285Including polyester strand material
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3179Woven fabric is characterized by a particular or differential weave other than fabric in which the strand denier or warp/weft pick count is specified
    • Y10T442/3301Coated, impregnated, or autogenous bonded
    • Y10T442/3317Woven fabric contains synthetic polymeric strand material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for manufacturing a coated fabric; it also relates to the coated fabric produced in this way.
  • coated fabrics in particular those which are intended for the manufacture of tarpaulins for trucks and more particularly for the manufacture of side sliding curtains for trucks, there is essentially a search for tear resistance, in particular for primed tear, since the resistance to traction is very largely sufficient.
  • the basic support fabric generally made of synthetic fibers
  • tear resistance in particular to primed tear
  • this resistance is notably degraded because, inter alia, the elementary wires are blocked in the new structure produced.
  • this resistance to tearing started going from fifty kilos and more for the unbleached support fabric, to only eight kilos for the same fabric after coating.
  • the most widely used solution on the industrial level consists in increasing the number of wires or the size of these wires, or both at the same time, or even making them work with special "braided” type armor. also known as "Panama”. It is thus possible, under the most favorable conditions, to double the resistance to initiated tearing, but by unnecessarily increasing the weight of the raw materials, therefore the price of the support, as well as the thickness, therefore the total weight of the fabric. The increase in the tear obtained remains, despite everything, insufficient.
  • the invention overcomes these drawbacks. It relates to a process for the manufacture of coated fabrics which is economical, easy to implement and which leads to fabrics exhibiting in quite unexpected manner properties of tear resistance, initiated in particular, very markedly improved, without however that the other properties, in particular of tensile strength, be degraded, some of these other properties, such as adhesion, being even also improved.
  • the "weave” of a fabric designates the mode of interlacing of the warp threads and the weft threads.
  • the rhythm of an "armor” is the enunciation of the threads that are taken and the threads that are left successively in each pick.
  • a technician will easily be able to realize where it will be necessary to place the fleeting thread in the weft, so that after disappearance in the fabric of this fleeting weft thread, we no longer obtain a woven fabric, that is that is to say in which the warp and weft threads are intertwined, but on the contrary a superposition of plies of threads parallel to each other, crossed between them, in particular orthogonally, respectively in order a first ply of threads parallel to warp middle a second ply of threads parallel to the frame orthogonal to the first ply, a third ply of weft threads parallel to the first, but the threads of which are offset from those of the first ply.
  • the fleeting thread is advantageously of the same chemical nature as the coating.
  • a PVC coating will be used.
  • copolyamide yarns with a low melting point it is possible to use polyamide coatings.
  • Polypropylene yarns or better still polyethylene yarns with a low melting point can be used advantageously with coatings based on polyolefin.
  • the fleeting weft yarn can be monofilament or multifilament, or even made of fiber yarn.
  • so-called second choice yarns are advantageously used.
  • the title of the fleeting thread is as fine as possible, while remaining compatible with the smooth running of the looms.
  • Example 1 is repeated with only one variant, namely that, in the weft, the texture is modified, namely twelve strokes per centimeter distributed in groups of two under the pitch, at the rate of two polyester threads 2200 d tex / 420 strands untwisted and two threads of chlorofibers fibers Nm 2/40.
  • the texture is modified, namely twelve strokes per centimeter distributed in groups of two under the pitch, at the rate of two polyester threads 2200 d tex / 420 strands untwisted and two threads of chlorofibers fibers Nm 2/40.
  • the weft there is successively a group of two chlorofiber yarns, then a group of two polyester yarns.
  • chlorofibres which tend to shrink cannot do so because of the transverse tension applied during pregelling, as during gelling. As is known, these wires decompose at 175-180 ° C.
  • the ecru fabric 185 cm wide, weighs 210 g / m 2 .
  • a plastisol of PVC is coated under the same conditions as in Example 1, taking care to firstly deposit an undercoat on each side of the fabric of approximately 100 g / m 2 , then ending with a coating of the same plastisol composition on the abrasion layer. As said in Example 1, throughout the coating treatment, the fabric was held tightly in the weft direction.
  • the finished fabric weighs 680 g / m 2 and after franking of selvedges has a width of 180 cm, which shows that there has been practically no shrinkage in the direction of the weft.
  • the tensile strength of this fabric is in the warp direction of 300 kg and in the weft direction 300 kg.
  • the resistance to initiated tear is measured under the same conditions and greater than 50 kg, the upper limit of the tear meter used.
  • the adhesion also measured on five-centimeter strips is 20 kg.
  • the fabric obtained weighs approximately 700 g / m 2 , has a width of 3e 180 cm, a tensile strength also of 300 kg in each warp and weft direction, but has an initiated tear of only eight kilos (against fifty) and an adhesion ten kilos (against twenty).
  • Example 4 is repeated by alternately placing one out of two chlorofibers in the chain, as taught in French patent FR-A-1 457 488 cited in the preamble.
  • the fabrics produced in accordance with the invention are essentially characterized by a very markedly improved resistance to tearing, notably initiated. In this way, they can advantageously be used for making the sliding curtains of the tarpaulins of trucks, fabrics for containers, for silos, conveyor belts, ventubes, cut fabrics for straps, fabrics for inflatable structures.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Synthetic Leather, Interior Materials Or Flexible Sheet Materials (AREA)
  • Shaping Of Tube Ends By Bending Or Straightening (AREA)

Abstract

A method for producing a coated woven fabric, in which the support material comprises disintegrable chemical weft threads which are subsequently removed without the other threads being affected, method wherein: a first support fabric is produced of which only part of the weft threads are disintegrable, and in a weave in which said disintegrable weft thread is so arranged that, were it to be removed, the result would be, not a woven fabric any longer, but a superposition of three criss-crossed layers of parallel warp threads, one layer of weft threads being squeezed between two layers of warp threads, respectively; then, said support fabric is coated with a coating composition; and finally, the deposited coating is gelled in the right temperature conditions to remove the disintegrable weft thread.

Description

L'invention concerne un procédé pour la fabrication d'un tissu enduit ; elle se rapporte également au tissu enduit réalisé de la sorte.The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a coated fabric; it also relates to the coated fabric produced in this way.

Dans les tissus enduits, notamment ceux qui sont destinés à la fabrication de bâches de camions et plus particulièrement à la fabrication des rideaux coulissants latéraux des camions, on recherche essentiellement la résistance à la déchirure, notamment à la déchirure amorcée, puisque la résistance à la traction est très largement suffisante.In coated fabrics, in particular those which are intended for the manufacture of tarpaulins for trucks and more particularly for the manufacture of side sliding curtains for trucks, there is essentially a search for tear resistance, in particular for primed tear, since the resistance to traction is very largely sufficient.

En effet, si le tissu support de base, généralement en fibres synthétiques, présente d'excellentes propriétés de résistance à la déchirure, notamment à la déchirure amorcée, on sait qu'après enduction, cette résistance est notablement dégradée car, entre autres,les fils élémentaires sont bloqués dans la nouvelle structure réalisée. Ainsi, il est courant de voir cette résistance à la déchirure amorcée passer de cinquante kilos et plus pour le tissu écru support, à seulement huit kilos pour le même tissu après enduction.In fact, if the basic support fabric, generally made of synthetic fibers, has excellent properties of tear resistance, in particular to primed tear, it is known that after coating, this resistance is notably degraded because, inter alia, the elementary wires are blocked in the new structure produced. Thus, it is common to see this resistance to tearing started going from fifty kilos and more for the unbleached support fabric, to only eight kilos for the same fabric after coating.

Pour pallier cet inconvénient, la solution la plus largement répandue sur la plan industriel consiste à augmenter le nombre de fils ou la grosseur de ces fils, ou les deux à la fois, voire à les faire travailler avec des armures spéciales type "natté", dénommées aussi "Panama". On peut ainsi, dans les conditions les plus favorables, arriver à doubler la résistance à la déchirure amorcée, mais en augmentant inutilement le poids des matières premières, donc le prix du support, ainsi que l'épaisseur,donc le poids total du tissu. L'augmentation de la déchirure obtenue reste malgrè tout insuffisante.To overcome this drawback, the most widely used solution on the industrial level consists in increasing the number of wires or the size of these wires, or both at the same time, or even making them work with special "braided" type armor. also known as "Panama". It is thus possible, under the most favorable conditions, to double the resistance to initiated tearing, but by unnecessarily increasing the weight of the raw materials, therefore the price of the support, as well as the thickness, therefore the total weight of the fabric. The increase in the tear obtained remains, despite everything, insufficient.

On a également proposé d'utiliser des étoffes non plus tissées, mias tricotées-cousues, telles que celles dénommées "Rachel" ou "Malimo". Si on améliore effectivement la résistance à la déchirure, cette technique est peu développée industriellement, car les étoffes support sont trop chères et trop épaisses.It has also been proposed to use non-woven fabrics, mias knitted-sewn, such as those called "Rachel" or "Malimo". If we improve actually tear resistance, this technique is poorly developed industrially, because the support fabrics are too expensive and too thick.

Parallèlement, l'utilisation de grilles tissées ou non, c'est-à-dire de tissus fortement ajourés ne peut être envisagée comme support, car, du fait même de la structure en réseau dans laquelle les fils ne sont pas positionnés avec exactitude, l'enduction uniforme et homogène de telles grilles est pratiquement impossible au stade industriel, du moins pour cette application.At the same time, the use of woven or non-woven grids, that is to say heavily perforated fabrics cannot be envisaged as a support, because, by the very fact of the network structure in which the wires are not precisely positioned, uniform and homogeneous coating of such grids is practically impossible at the industrial stage, at least for this application.

Dans le brevet français n° FR-A-1 457 488, on a suggéré d'utiliser comme support des tissus dont la chaîne comporte en alternance des fils permanents et des fils fugaces qui sont partiellement éliminés au cours du processus d'enduction. Cette technique permettait d'économiser de la matière textile à l'époque où les fils synthétiques étaient chers. Malheureusement, cette technique ne permet pas d'améliorer, sinon dans une faible proportion, la résistance à la déchirure amorcée des tissus enduits de la sorte.In French Patent No. FR-A-1 457 488, it has been suggested to use as support fabrics whose warp alternates between permanent threads and fleeting threads which are partially eliminated during the coating process. This technique made it possible to save textile material at the time when synthetic threads were expensive. Unfortunately, this technique does not make it possible to improve, if not in a small proportion, the resistance to initiated tearing of fabrics coated in this way.

Dans le brevet US-A-2 898 665, on a décrit un procédé pour fabriquer une nappe de fils pneus, dans lequel on trame de façon très lâche une nappe de chaîne de fils pneus parallèles avec un fil fugace de liage, puis on élimine ultérieurement ce fil de liage dans les conditions n'affectant pas les fils de chaîne. Cette élimination du fil de liage s'effectue, soit par la chaleur, soit par dissolution,avec donc élimination ultérieure du solvant par chauffage. Ce procédé ne convient pas pour l'enduction de tissus pour bâches, car du fait même de la structure lâche de l'ensemble textile, cet ensemble textile ne peut pas être enduit correctement, et même le serait-il, après disparition de fils fugaces de trame, on obtiendrait une seule nappe uni-directionelle de fils de chaîne, de sorte que le produit résultant présenterait une bonne résistance à la déchirure en trame, mais aucune résistance à la déchirure en chaîne. En outre, l'élimination du fil fugace, faisant appel à la température, provoquerait parfois une rétraction de ces fils fugaces, rétraction qui perturberait la planéité de la nappe de fils de chaîne, ce qui en pratique rendrait impossible une enduction régulière à la râcle.In the patent US-A-2 898 665, a method for manufacturing a ply of tire threads has been described, in which a ply of chain of parallel tire threads is wefted very loosely with a fleeting binder thread, then eliminated subsequently this binding wire under the conditions not affecting the warp son. This elimination of the binding wire is carried out either by heat or by dissolution, with subsequent elimination of the solvent by heating. This process is not suitable for coating fabrics for tarpaulins, because by the very fact of the loose structure of the textile assembly, this textile assembly cannot be coated correctly, and even it would be, after disappearance of fleeting threads weft, we would obtain a single uni-directional layer of warp threads, so that the resulting product presents has good weft tear resistance, but no warp tear resistance. In addition, the elimination of the fleeting thread, calling on the temperature, would sometimes cause a retraction of these fleeting threads, retraction which would disturb the flatness of the web of warp threads, which in practice would make impossible a regular coating with the doctor blade. .

L'invention pallie ces inconvénients. Elle concerne un procédé pour la fabrication de tissus enduits qui soit économique, facile à mettre en oeuvre et qui conduise à des tissus présentant de manière tout à fait inattendue des propriétés de résistance à la déchirure, amorcée notamment, très nettement améliorées, sans pour autant que les autres propriétés, notamment de résistance à la traction, soient dégradées, certaines de ces autres propriétés, telles que l'adhérence, étant même également améliorées.The invention overcomes these drawbacks. It relates to a process for the manufacture of coated fabrics which is economical, easy to implement and which leads to fabrics exhibiting in quite unexpected manner properties of tear resistance, initiated in particular, very markedly improved, without however that the other properties, in particular of tensile strength, be degraded, some of these other properties, such as adhesion, being even also improved.

Ce procédé pour la fabrication d'un tissu tissé chaîne et trame enduit, dans lequel le tissu support comporte des fils de trame chimiques fugaces, et dans lequel on élimine ultérieurement ce fil fugace de trame sans affecter les autres fils, se caractérise :

  • - en ce que tout d'abord, on réalise un tissu support dont une partie seulement des fils de trame est en fils fugaces, et dans une armure dans laquelle le fil fugace de trame est dans une disposition telle que si on supprimait ce fil fugace, on obtiendrait non plus un tissu tissé, mais une superposition de trois nappes de fils de chaîne parallèles, croisées entre elles, respectivement deux nappes de fils de chaîne enserrant une nappe de fils de trame ;
  • - puis, en ce que l'on recouvre ensuite ce tissu au moyen d'une composition d'enduction ;
  • - et enfin, en ce que l'on gélifie la composition d'enduction déposée dans des conditions de température suffisantes pour éliminer le fil fugace de trame.
This process for the manufacture of a woven warp and weft woven fabric, in which the support fabric comprises fugitive chemical weft threads, and in which this fleeting weft yarn is subsequently removed without affecting the other threads, is characterized:
  • - in that first of all, a support fabric is produced of which only part of the weft threads is fleeting threads, and in a weave in which the fleeting weft thread is in an arrangement such that if this fleeting thread is removed , one would no longer obtain a woven fabric, but a superposition of three plies of parallel warp threads, crossed between them, respectively two plies of warp threads enclosing a ply of weft threads;
  • - Then, in that this fabric is then covered by means of a coating composition;
  • - And finally, in that one gels the coating composition deposited under temperature conditions sufficient to remove the fleeting weft thread.

Comme on le sait, "l'armure" d'un tissu désigne le mode d'entrecroisement des fils de chaîne et des fils de trame. Le rythme d'une "armure" est l'énonciation des fils qui sont pris et des fils qui sont laissés successivement dans chaque duite. Un technicien pourra facilement se rendre compte de l'endroit où il faudra placer en trame le fil fugace, de manière à ce que après disparition dans le tissu de ce fil fugace de trame, on obtienne non plus un tissu tissé, c'est-à-dire dans lequel les fils de chaîne et de trame sont entrecroisés, mais au contraire une superposition de nappes de fils parallèles entre eux, croisées entre elles, notamment orthogonalement, respectivement dans l'ordre une première nappe de fils parallèles de chaîne, au milieu une seconde nappe de fils parallèles de trame orthogonale à la première nappe, une troisième nappe de fils de trame parallèle à la première, mais dont les fils sont décalés par rapport à ceux de la première nappe.As is known, the "weave" of a fabric designates the mode of interlacing of the warp threads and the weft threads. The rhythm of an "armor" is the enunciation of the threads that are taken and the threads that are left successively in each pick. A technician will easily be able to realize where it will be necessary to place the fleeting thread in the weft, so that after disappearance in the fabric of this fleeting weft thread, we no longer obtain a woven fabric, that is that is to say in which the warp and weft threads are intertwined, but on the contrary a superposition of plies of threads parallel to each other, crossed between them, in particular orthogonally, respectively in order a first ply of threads parallel to warp middle a second ply of threads parallel to the frame orthogonal to the first ply, a third ply of weft threads parallel to the first, but the threads of which are offset from those of the first ply.

Avantageusement en pratique :

  • - l'armure est un taffetas (armure dénommée également unie ou toile) et le fil fugace est tramé un coup sur deux;
  • - l'armure est un natté (dénommé également toile nationale ou Panama et le fil fugace est tramé à raison d'un groupe de deux sous le pas, ce groupe étant reproduit une fois sur deux ;
  • - le fil fugace est éliminé par fusion ou décomposition lors de l'enduction et plus précisément lors de la gélification ;
  • - le fil fugace est en chlorofibres et la composition d'enduction est un plastisol de chlorure de polyvinyle (PVC), déposé par exemple à la râcle ;
  • - le tissu support revêtu de la couche d'enduction, tout en étant fermement maintenu sous tension transversale afin d'empêcher le retrait des chlorofibres, est tout d'abord prégélifié pour empêcher ce retrait, puis toujours sous tension transversale, après une nouvelle enduction notamment des deux côtés, est gélifié dans des conditions de température suffisantes pour faire fondre les chlorofibres et ainsi les faire disparaitre dans la couche d'enduction en PVC ;
  • - on prégélifie pendant six à quarante secondes à 130°C environ et on gélifie pendant quarante à quatre vingt-dix secondes à 180°C environ ;
  • - le tissu support est un tissu serré.
Advantageously in practice:
  • - the weave is a taffeta (also known as plain weave or canvas) and the fleeting thread is woven every other time;
  • - the armor is a basket weave (also called national canvas or Panama and the fleeting thread is woven in a group of two under the step, this group being reproduced once in two;
  • - the fleeting thread is eliminated by fusion or decomposition during coating and more precisely during gelling;
  • the fleeting thread is made of chlorofibers and the coating composition is a plastisol of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), deposited for example with a doctor blade;
  • - the support fabric coated with the coating layer, while being firmly maintained under transverse tension in order to prevent the removal of the chlorofibres, is first pregelified to prevent this shrinkage, then always under transverse tension, after a new coating, in particular on both sides, is gelled under conditions of temperature sufficient to melt the chlorofibers and thus make them disappear in the coating layer in PVC;
  • - Pre-gel for six to forty seconds at approximately 130 ° C and gel for forty to ninety seconds at approximately 180 ° C;
  • - the support fabric is a tight fabric.

En d'autres termes, schématiquement, l'invention consiste :

  • - tout d'abord, à enduire de manière connue un tissu de contexture particulière, comportant en trame en partie des fils fugaces, dans une disposition appropriée ;
  • - puis, à gélifier la couche d'enduction déposée dans des conditions aptes à faire fondre le fil de trame fugace, de sorte qu'après enduction, le support textile ne soit plus un tissu, mais une superposition de nappes de fils parallèles superposés en se croisant.
In other words, schematically, the invention consists:
  • - firstly, to coat in a known manner a fabric of particular texture, partly comprising weft fleeting threads, in an appropriate arrangement;
  • - Then, to gel the coating layer deposited under conditions suitable for melting the fleeting weft yarn, so that after coating, the textile support is no longer a fabric, but a superposition of layers of parallel son superimposed in crossing each other.

Ainsi, on opère avec tous les avantages en enduction d'un tissu serré, et on obtient en outre, tous les avantages inhérents à la structure en nappes de fils parallèles, à l'instar d'une grille ajourée dont les fils restent parfaitement positionnés.Thus, one operates with all the advantages in coating a tight fabric, and one obtains in addition, all the advantages inherent in the structure in layers of parallel threads, like an openwork grid whose threads remain perfectly positioned .

Comme on dépose la couche d'enduction sur un tissu serré, on peut obtenir un revêtement régulier et homogène, puis, après enduction, on obtient un ensemble dans lequel les fils sont libres de se mouvoir entre eux sans être bloqués par la contexture de l'armure initiale, qui a d'ailleurs complètement disparu. Cette nouvelle structure de nappes de fils parallèles croisées entre elles permet d'obtenir des propriétés de résistance à la déchirure, amorcée notamment, très nettement améliorées et ce, dans des proportions totalement imprévisibles, donc inattendues.As we deposit the coating layer on a tight fabric, we can obtain a regular and homogeneous coating, then, after coating, we obtain an assembly in which the threads are free to move between them without being blocked by the texture of the initial armor, which has completely disappeared. This new structure of plies of parallel threads crossed between them makes it possible to obtain properties of tear resistance, notably initiated, very markedly improved and this, in completely unpredictable proportions, therefore unexpected.

Comme déjà dit, le fil fugace est avantageusement de même nature chimique que l'enduit. Avec des chlorofibres, on utilisera un enduit PVC. De même avec des fils de copolyamide à bas point de fusion, on pourra utiliser des enduits en polyamide. Les fils polypropylènes ou encore mieux de polyéthylène à bas point de fusion pourront être utilisés avantageusement avec des enduits à base de polyoléfine.As already said, the fleeting thread is advantageously of the same chemical nature as the coating. With chlorofibres, a PVC coating will be used. Likewise with copolyamide yarns with a low melting point, it is possible to use polyamide coatings. Polypropylene yarns or better still polyethylene yarns with a low melting point can be used advantageously with coatings based on polyolefin.

Le fil de trame fugace peut être mono ou multifila- mentaires, voire en filés de fibres. Afin de diminuer le prix de revient, on utilise avantageusement des fils dits de deuxième choix . Le titre du fil fugace est le plus fin possible, tout en restant compatible avec la bonne marche des métiers à tisser.The fleeting weft yarn can be monofilament or multifilament, or even made of fiber yarn. In order to reduce the cost price, so-called second choice yarns are advantageously used. The title of the fleeting thread is as fine as possible, while remaining compatible with the smooth running of the looms.

La manière dont l'invention peur être réalisée et les avantages qui en découlent ressortiront mieux des exemples de réalisation sui suivent donnés à titre indicatif mais non limitatif à l'appui des figures annexées.The manner in which the invention can be implemented and the advantages which result therefrom will emerge more clearly from the examples of embodiment which follow, given by way of indication but not limiting in support of the appended figures.

  • La figure 1 montre l'armure d'un tissu tissé support de base conforme à l'invention.Figure 1 shows the weave of a woven base support fabric according to the invention.
  • La figure 2 montre la contexture de cette étoffe après enduction et disparition des fils fugaces.Figure 2 shows the texture of this fabric after coating and disappearance of the fleeting threads.
  • La figure 3 est une représentation en perspective sommaire éclatée d'un tissu enduit pour bâche réalisée selon le procédé de l'invention.Figure 3 is an exploded summary perspective view of a coated fabric for tarpaulin produced according to the method of the invention.

Dans ces figures :

  • - les références (1, 2, 3 et 4) désignent des fils successifs de chaîne ;
  • - les références (5, 7 et 9) désignent les fils de trame fugaces ;
  • - les références (6 et 8) désignent les fils de trame permanents, c'est-à-dire non fugaces ;
  • - la référence (10) désigne la couche d'enduction.
In these figures:
  • - The references (1, 2, 3 and 4) designate successive warp threads;
  • - The references (5, 7 and 9) designate the fleeting weft threads;
  • - The references (6 and 8) designate the permanent weft threads, that is to say non-fleeting;
  • - The reference (10) designates the coating layer.

Exemple 1 :Example 1:

On réalise un tissu enduit, conformément à la méthode traditionnelle actuelle exposée dans le préambule, ayant les caractéristiques suivantes :

  • - armure : natté de 2 (Panama) ;
  • - chaîne : 12 fils par centimètre de polyester 1100 dtex/192 brins, tordus à 130 tours par mètre ;
  • - trame : 12 coups par centimètre, par groupe de deux coups d'un fil de polyester de 1100 dtex/192 brins sans torsion ;
  • - tissage en 185 cm de large, de sorte que, après enduction et affranchissement de lisières, on obtienne une largeur utile de 180 cm, ce qui se traduit par un retrait en trame nul ;
  • - poids du tissu de base : environ 300 g/m2 ;
  • - enduit : plastisol de PVC déposé en plusieurs passes dans les conditions décrites dans le brevet français d'un des co-demandeurs FR-A-2 245 165 (correspondant connu : US-A-4 052 521) ; poids déposé : 550 g/m2, avec en continu maintien sous tension transversale et prégélification pendant trente secondes à 130°C et gélification pendant une minute à 180°C.
A coated fabric is produced, in accordance with the method of traditional present exposed in the preamble, having the following characteristics:
  • - armor: basket weave of 2 (Panama);
  • - warp: 12 threads per centimeter of polyester 1100 dtex / 192 strands, twisted at 130 turns per meter;
  • - weft: 12 strokes per centimeter, per group of two strokes of a polyester thread of 1100 dtex / 192 strands without twist;
  • - weaving in 185 cm wide, so that, after coating and franking of selvedges, we obtain a useful width of 180 cm, which results in a zero weft shrinkage;
  • - weight of the base fabric: approximately 300 g / m 2 ;
  • - coating: PVC plastisol deposited in several passes under the conditions described in the French patent of one of the co-applicants FR-A-2 245 165 (known correspondent: US-A-4 052 521); deposited weight: 550 g / m 2 , with continuous maintenance under transverse tension and pre-gelation for thirty seconds at 130 ° C and gelation for one minute at 180 ° C.

Ce tissu présente les propriétés suivantes :

  • - poids : 850 g/m 2 ;
  • - résistance à la traction (rupture mesurée sur des bandes de cinq centimètres de large) : en chaîne comme en trame : 450 kg;
  • - résistance à la déchirure amorcée (norme AFNOR G 07.055, selon la méthode C dite au mouton pendulaire): 15 kg;
  • - adhérence (force d'arrachement de deux bandes de cinq centimètres de large soudées entre elles) : 10 kg.
This fabric has the following properties:
  • - weight: 850 g / m 2 ;
  • - tensile strength (breakage measured on strips five centimeters wide): in warp as in weft: 450 kg;
  • - resistance to initiated tearing (standard AFNOR G 07.055, according to method C known as pendular sheep): 15 kg;
  • - adhesion (pulling force of two strips of five centimeters wide welded together): 10 kg.

Exemple 2 :Example 2:

On répète l'exemple 1 à une seule variante près à savoir que, en trame, on modifie la contexture à savoir douze coups au centimètre répartis par groupe de deux sous le pas, à raison de deux fils de polyester 2200 dtex/ 420 brins sans torsion et deux filés de fibres de chlorofibres Nm 2/40. Ainsi, en trame, on a successivement un groupe de deux filés de chlorofibres, puis un groupe de deux fils de polyester.Example 1 is repeated with only one variant, namely that, in the weft, the texture is modified, namely twelve strokes per centimeter distributed in groups of two under the pitch, at the rate of two polyester threads 2200 d tex / 420 strands untwisted and two threads of chlorofibers fibers Nm 2/40. Thus, in the weft, there is successively a group of two chlorofiber yarns, then a group of two polyester yarns.

Sous l'effet de la chaleur, les chlorofibres qui ont tendance à se rétracter ne peuvent le faire du fait de la tension transversale appliquée pendant la prégélification,comme pendant la gélification. Comme on le sait, ces fils se décomposent à 175-180°C.Under the effect of heat, chlorofibres which tend to shrink cannot do so because of the transverse tension applied during pregelling, as during gelling. As is known, these wires decompose at 175-180 ° C.

Après enduction, on obtient un tissu ayant les caractéristiques suivantes :

Figure imgb0001

  • - amorce de déchirure à la rupture amorcée supérieure à 50 kg, qui est la limite supérieure du déchiromètre utilisé,
  • - adhérence : 20 kg.
After coating, a fabric is obtained having the following characteristics:
Figure imgb0001
  • - tear initiation at rupture initiated greater than 50 kg, which is the upper limit of the tear meter used,
  • - grip: 20 kg.

En pratique, lors des essais de déchirure amorcée ou d'adhérence, à la longue, on observe une délamination, mais aucune déchirure. Cela prouve bien que l'enduit est passé des deux côtés du support textile.In practice, during primed tear or adhesion tests, in the long run, delamination is observed, but no tear. This proves that the coating has passed on both sides of the textile support.

Exemple 3 :Example 3:

On réalise un tissu armure taffetas uni comportant :

  • - en chaînef : neuf fils par centimètre (1,2,3,4), en polyester : 1100 dtex/192 brins tordus à 130 tours/dtex mètre ;
  • - en trame : neuf coups par centimètre,à savoir respectivement dans l'ordre :
  • . un coup en fil polyester (6,9) de 2200 dtex/ 420 brins sans torsion,
  • . un coup en chlorofibres (5,7,9) Rhovyl (marque déposée de Rhône-Poulenc Fibres) formé par un retors de deux bouts initiaux Nm 40.
We realize a plain taffeta weave fabric comprising:
  • - in warp: nine threads per centimeter (1,2,3,4), in polyester: 1100 d tex / 192 twisted strands at 130 turns / dtex meter;
  • - in the weft: nine strokes per centimeter, namely respectively in the order:
  • . a stroke in polyester thread (6,9) of 2200 dtex / 420 strands without twist,
  • . a blow in chlorofibers (5,7,9) Rhovyl (registered trademark of Rhône-Poulenc Fibers) formed by a twist of two initial ends Nm 40.

Le tissu écru en 185 cm de large pèse 210 g/m2.The ecru fabric, 185 cm wide, weighs 210 g / m 2 .

On enduit un plastisol de PVC dans les mêmes conditions qu'à l'exemple 1, en prenant soin de déposer tout d'abord une sous-couche de chaque côté du tissu de 100g/m2 environ, puis en terminant par une enduction de la même composition de plastisol sur la couche d'abrasion. Comme dit à l'exemple 1, pendant tout le traitement d'enduction, le tissu a été fermement maintenu sous tension dans le sens trame.A plastisol of PVC is coated under the same conditions as in Example 1, taking care to firstly deposit an undercoat on each side of the fabric of approximately 100 g / m 2 , then ending with a coating of the same plastisol composition on the abrasion layer. As said in Example 1, throughout the coating treatment, the fabric was held tightly in the weft direction.

Le tissu fini pèse 680 g/m2 et après affranchissement dé lisières a une largeur de 180 cm, ce qui montre qu'il n'y a eu pratiquement aucun retrait dans le sens de la trame.The finished fabric weighs 680 g / m 2 and after franking of selvedges has a width of 180 cm, which shows that there has been practically no shrinkage in the direction of the weft.

La résistance à la traction de ce tissu est dans le sens chaîne de 300 kg et dans le sens de la trame 300 kg.The tensile strength of this fabric is in the warp direction of 300 kg and in the weft direction 300 kg.

La résistance à la déchirure amorcée est mesurée dans les mêmes conditions et supérieure à 50 kg, limite supérieure du déchiromètre utilisé.The resistance to initiated tear is measured under the same conditions and greater than 50 kg, the upper limit of the tear meter used.

L'adhérence mesurée également sur des bandes de cinq centimètres est de 20 kg.The adhesion also measured on five-centimeter strips is 20 kg.

On observe également (voir figure 2) que le support textile initialement tissé s'est transformé après enduction, donc disparition des chlorofibres (5,7,9), en une superposition de trois nappes de fils polyester parallèles, à savoir respectivement :

  • - une première nappe de fils de chaîne (2,4),
  • - une deuxième nappe de fils de trame (6,8) perpendiculaire à la première nappe (2,4),
  • - une troisième nappe de fils de chaîne (1,3) parallèles à la première nappe (2,4), mais dont les fils (1,3) sont décalés par rapport aux fils (2,4) de la première nappe ;
  • - le tout enrobé dans une couche d'enduction (10) régulière et homogène.
It is also observed (see FIG. 2) that the initially woven textile support is transformed after coating, therefore disappearance of the chlorofibers (5,7,9), into a superposition of three layers of parallel polyester threads, namely respectively:
  • - a first layer of warp threads (2,4),
  • a second ply of weft threads (6,8) perpendicular to the first ply (2,4),
  • - A third ply of warp threads (1,3) parallel to the first ply (2,4), but the threads (1,3) of which are offset from the threads (2,4) of the first ply;
  • - all coated in a regular and homogeneous coating layer (10).

Les résultats obtenus montrent à l'évidence le progrès totalement inattendu obtenu, puisque, toutes les autres propriétés étant maintenues, la résistance à la déchirure amorcée est plus que multipliée par trois.The results obtained clearly show the totally unexpected progress obtained, since, all the other properties being maintained, the resistance to initiated tearing is more than multiplied by three.

Exemple 4Example 4

On répète l'exemple précédent mais en remplaçant les fils fugaces de trame en chlorofibres par des fils de polyester de même titre et de mêmes caractéristiques que les autres fils de trame, à savoir polyester 1100 Dtex/ 192 brins sans torsion.The previous example is repeated, but replacing the fleeting weft yarns made of chlorofibres with polyester yarns of the same title and the same characteristics as the other weft yarns, namely polyester 1100 Dtex / 192 strands without twist.

Le tissu obtenu pèse environ 700 g/m2, a une largeur 3e 180 cm, une résistance à la traction également de 300 kg dans chaque sens chaîne et trame, mais a une déchirure amorcée seulement de huit kilos (contre cinquante) et une adhérence de dix kilos (contre vingt).The fabric obtained weighs approximately 700 g / m 2 , has a width of 3e 180 cm, a tensile strength also of 300 kg in each warp and weft direction, but has an initiated tear of only eight kilos (against fifty) and an adhesion ten kilos (against twenty).

Cela illustre parfaitement le progrés totalement inattendu obtenu par le procédé selon l'invention.This perfectly illustrates the totally unexpected progress obtained by the process according to the invention.

Exemple 5 :Example 5:

On répète l'exemple 4 en disposant en chaîne en alternance un fil sur deux en chlorofibres, comme enseigné dans le brevet français FR-A-1 457 488 cité dans le préambule.Example 4 is repeated by alternately placing one out of two chlorofibers in the chain, as taught in French patent FR-A-1 457 488 cited in the preamble.

Lors du traitement thermique d'enduction, les chlorofibres disposées en chaîne se rétractent violemment en pénétrant dans le four , ce qui conduit au défaut connu sous le nom de "fil tirant". Cela se traduit par des barrures importantes en chaîne; ce qui rend l'enduction pratiquement impossible au stade industriel.During the coating heat treatment, the chlorofibers placed in a chain shrink violently when they enter the oven, which leads to the defect known as the "pulling wire". This results in large chain locks; which makes coating practically impossible at the industrial stage.

Les tissus réalisés conformément à l'invention se caractérisent essentiellement par une résistance à la déchirure, amorcée notamment, très nettement améliorée. De la sorte, on peut les utiliser avantageusement pour la confection des rideaux glissants des bâches de camions, toiles pour containers, pour silos, tapis transporteurs, ventubes, toiles découpées pour sangles, toiles pour structures gonflables.The fabrics produced in accordance with the invention are essentially characterized by a very markedly improved resistance to tearing, notably initiated. In this way, they can advantageously be used for making the sliding curtains of the tarpaulins of trucks, fabrics for containers, for silos, conveyor belts, ventubes, cut fabrics for straps, fabrics for inflatable structures.

Claims (9)

1/ Procédé pour la fabrication d'un tissu tissé chaîne et trame enduit, dans lequel le tissu support comporte des fils de trame chimiques fugaces, et dans lequel on élimine ultérieurement ce fil fugace de trame sans affecter les autres fils, caractérisé : - en ce que, tout d'abord, on réalise un tissu support dont une partie seulement des fils de trame est en fils fugaces, et dans une armure dans laquelle ce fil fugace (5,7,9) de trame est dans une disposition telle que, si on supprimait ce fil fugace (5,7,9), on obtiendrait non plus un tissu tissé, mais une superposition de trois nappes de fils parallèles (2,4/6,8/1,3) croisées entre elles, respectivement deux nappes de fils de chaîne (2,4/1,3) enserrant une nappe de fils de trame (6,8) ; - puis, en ce que l'on recouvre ensuite ce tissu au moyen d'une composition d'enduction ; - et enfin, en ce que l'on gélifie la composition d'enduction déposée dans des conditions de température suffisantes pour éliminer le fil fugace de trame (5,7,9). 1 / Process for the manufacture of a woven warp and weft woven fabric, in which the support fabric comprises transient chemical weft threads, and in which this fleeting weft thread is subsequently eliminated without affecting the other threads, characterized: - in that, first of all, a support fabric is produced, of which only part of the weft threads is fleeting threads, and in a weave in which this fleeting weft thread (5,7,9) is in an arrangement such that, if we removed this fleeting thread (5,7,9), we would no longer obtain a woven fabric, but a superposition of three layers of parallel threads (2,4 / 6,8 / 1,3) crossed between them , respectively two plies of warp threads (2.4 / 1.3) enclosing a ply of weft threads (6.8); - Then, in that this fabric is then covered by means of a coating composition; - And finally, in that one gels the coating composition deposited under conditions of temperature sufficient to remove the fleeting weft thread (5,7,9). 2/ Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'armure du tissu est un taffetas et en ce que le fil fugace (5,7,9) est tramé un coup sur deux.2 / A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the weave of the fabric is a taffeta and in that the fleeting thread (5,7,9) is woven every other time. 3/ Procéde selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'armure du tissu serré est un natté et en ce que le fil fugace (5,7,9) est tramé à raison d'un groupe de deux sous le pas, reproduit une fois sur deux.3 / A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the weave of the tight fabric is a braided and in that the fleeting thread (5,7,9) is woven in a group of two under the step, reproduced one in two. 4/ Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le fil fugace (5,7,9) est éliminé par fusion ou décomposition, lors de la gélification de la couche d'enduction déposée.4 / A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the fleeting thread (5,7,9) is eliminated by fusion or decomposition, during the gelling of the deposited coating layer. 5/ Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le fil fugace (5,7,9) est en chlorofibres et en ce que la composition d'enduction est un plastisol de chlorure de polyvinyle (PVC).5 / A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the fleeting thread (5,7,9) is made of chlorofibers and in that the coating composition is a plastisol of polyvinyl chloride (PVC). 6/ Procédé selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que le tissu revêtu de la couche d'enduction tout en étant fermement maintenue sous tension transversale est tout d'abord prégélifiée pour empêcher le retrait des chlorofibres, puis est gélifié dans des conditions de température suffisantes pour faire fondre les chlorofibres et ainsi les faire disparaître dans la couche d'enduction PVC.6 / A method according to claim 5, characterized in that the fabric coated with the coating layer while being firmly maintained under transverse tension is first pregelified to prevent the removal of chlorofibres, then is gelled under temperature conditions sufficient to melt the chlorofibres and thus make them disappear in the PVC coating layer. 7/ Procédé selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que l'on prégélifie pendant dix à quarante secondes à 130°C, puis en ce que en continu, toujours sous tension transversale, on gélifie pendant quarante à quatre vingt dix secondes à 180°C.7 / A method according to claim 6, characterized in that one pregels for ten to forty seconds at 130 ° C, then in that continuously, still under transverse tension, it gels for forty to ninety seconds at 180 ° vs. 8/ Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le tissu support d'enduction est un tissu serré.8 / A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the coating support fabric is a tight fabric. 9/ Tissus enduits obtenus selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8.9 / Coated fabrics obtained according to one of claims 1 to 8.
EP84420150A 1983-09-20 1984-09-06 Process for the manufacture of a coated fabric Expired EP0140798B1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997000985A1 (en) * 1995-06-20 1997-01-09 Sunkyong Industries Method for manufacturing suede-like woven fabrics
CN1045800C (en) * 1995-06-20 1999-10-20 鲜京工业股份有限公司 Method for manufacturing suede-like woven fabrics

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US4574107A (en) 1986-03-04
JPH0470425B2 (en) 1992-11-10
CA1225569A (en) 1987-08-18
ES536062A0 (en) 1985-05-16
ES8505433A1 (en) 1985-05-16
FR2552126A1 (en) 1985-03-22
DE3460621D1 (en) 1986-10-09
ATE21945T1 (en) 1986-09-15
JPS60151388A (en) 1985-08-09
FR2552126B1 (en) 1986-05-09
EP0140798B1 (en) 1986-09-03

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