EP0398828B1 - Textile reinforcement used for making different complexes and process for its fabrication - Google Patents
Textile reinforcement used for making different complexes and process for its fabrication Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0398828B1 EP0398828B1 EP90420234A EP90420234A EP0398828B1 EP 0398828 B1 EP0398828 B1 EP 0398828B1 EP 90420234 A EP90420234 A EP 90420234A EP 90420234 A EP90420234 A EP 90420234A EP 0398828 B1 EP0398828 B1 EP 0398828B1
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- Prior art keywords
- fabric
- filaments
- warp
- weft
- threads
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- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H18/00—Needling machines
- D04H18/02—Needling machines with needles
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D25/00—Woven fabrics not otherwise provided for
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03J—AUXILIARY WEAVING APPARATUS; WEAVERS' TOOLS; SHUTTLES
- D03J1/00—Auxiliary apparatus combined with or associated with looms
- D03J1/06—Auxiliary apparatus combined with or associated with looms for treating fabric
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/902—High modulus filament or fiber
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/23907—Pile or nap type surface or component
- Y10T428/2395—Nap type surface
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an improvement made to the textile reinforcements used for the production of various complexes, such as laminated articles.
- nonwovens of fibers unidirectional sheets, that is to say in which the structural filaments are arranged in the same direction, fabrics, bidirectional sheets, such as for example warp and weft fabrics, or even combinations of such materials.
- the present invention relates to an improvement made to bidirectional structures of the warp and weft fabric type.
- Warp and weft fabrics have been proposed for a very long time as reinforcements for reinforcing laminated articles. They have the advantages of being able to be manufactured easily, of obtaining good mechanical characteristics both in the long direction and in the transverse direction. On the other hand, for certain applications, they have certain drawbacks which result from the fact that the warp and weft threads undulate with respect to each other as a result of weaving, while we frequently seek to have reinforcements in which the filaments are arranged as straight and as flat as possible in the same longitudinal direction and this, to form a uniform sheet or strip.
- Such a product is obtained by the implementation of a new operating process which is also the subject of the present invention, a process which consists in producing a warp and weft fabric from continuous filaments (glass, carbon) having the form of wicks, then subjecting the fabric thus formed to a needling operation carried out under conditions such that the threads are spread from one of the directions of the fabric without damaging the filaments which compose them and, on the other apart, that simultaneously breaking part of the filaments in the other direction of said fabric.
- needles are used whose barbs are not disposed over the entire periphery of the needle, but are oriented parallel to one of the directions of the fabric (warp or weft). These barbs can be arranged either according to a generator of each needle, or symmetrically on either side of the barrel of the needle, for example at the rear and at the front of the barrel if we consider the direction of advancement of the starting fabric inside the needling machine.
- the invention therefore relates to an improvement made to the warp and weft fabrics used for the reinforcement of laminated articles, said fabrics appearing, before treatment in accordance with the invention and in a well known manner.
- the fabric in the form of a sheet made up of warp threads (1a, 1b, 1c) crisscrossed with weft threads (2a, 2b, 2c), and arranged orthogonally to each other.
- the fabric is made according to a conventional weave called "canvas" weave, but it is obvious that other types of weave could also be used.
- the warp threads designated by the general reference (1) consist of wicks of parallel filaments and are in the form of bundles arranged side by side, the weft threads designated by the general reference (2) also being made up of bundles of parallel filaments (wicks).
- the weft and warp wicks can be either of the same kind or of a different nature (for example wicks of glass, carbon, synthetic yarns, etc.).
- the starting fabric is subjected to a needling action by means of an assembly (3), assembly which is constituted by a conventional needle needling machine, adapted, in accordance with the process according to the invention , so that the needles when they act on the fabric, on the one hand cause the separation of either warp threads or weft threads without damaging the filaments and, on the other hand, have an action on the other series of threads (weft threads for example), so as to cause the filaments to rupture and cause disorientation so that these filaments are implanted in the thickness direction of the fabric.
- assembly (3) assembly which is constituted by a conventional needle needling machine, adapted, in accordance with the process according to the invention , so that the needles when they act on the fabric, on the one hand cause the separation of either warp threads or weft threads without damaging the filaments and, on the other hand, have an action on the other series of threads (weft threads for example), so as to cause the filaments to rupture and cause disorientation so that these
- needles (4) in which the barbs (5) are not disposed over the entire periphery of the barrel, but are oriented parallel to the wicks either of chain or of frame.
- the barbs (5) are presented parallel to the warp threads (see Figures 2 and 3).
- the barbs (5) of the needles can be arranged symmetrically on either side of the barrel of the needle or, possibly on one side, for example behind the barrel if we consider the direction of advance fabric through the needling machine (3).
- Such a material is particularly advantageous for producing laminated articles in which it is desired to have resistance characteristics in a determined direction.
- the material according to the invention has, surprisingly, the characteristic of facilitating the impregnation operation with the resin.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
- Woven Fabrics (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention a trait à un perfectionnement apporté aux armatures textiles utilisées pour la réalisation de complexes divers, tels que des articles stratifiés.The present invention relates to an improvement made to the textile reinforcements used for the production of various complexes, such as laminated articles.
Elle a trait plus particulièrement à un perfectionnement apporté aux armatures constituées par un tissu chaîne et trame à base de fils de verre, carbone... .It relates more particularly to an improvement made to the reinforcements constituted by a warp and weft fabric based on glass threads, carbon ....
Parmi les structures de renforcement utilisées lors de la réalisation d'articles stratifiés, il a été proposé depuis fort longtemps d'employer des non-tissés de fibres, des nappes unidirectionnelles, c'est-à-dire dans lesquelles les filaments de structure sont disposés suivant une même direction, des tissus, des nappes bidirectionnelles, tels que par exemple des tissus chaîne et trame, voire même des combinaisons de tels matériaux.Among the reinforcing structures used during the production of laminated articles, it has long been proposed to use nonwovens of fibers, unidirectional sheets, that is to say in which the structural filaments are arranged in the same direction, fabrics, bidirectional sheets, such as for example warp and weft fabrics, or even combinations of such materials.
La présente invention a trait à un perfectionnement apporté aux structures bidirectionnelles du type tissu chaîne et trame.The present invention relates to an improvement made to bidirectional structures of the warp and weft fabric type.
Les tissus chaîne et trame ont été proposés depuis fort longtemps comme armatures de renforcement d'articles stratifiés. Ils présentent comme avantages de pouvoir être fabriqués aisément, d'obtenir de bonnes caractéristiques mécaniques aussi bien dans le sens long que dans le sens travers. En revanche, pour certaines applications, ils présentent certains inconvénients qui résultent du fait que les fils de chaîne et de trame ondulent les uns par rapport aux autres par suite du tissage, alors que l'on recherche fréquemment à avoir des renforts dans lesquels les filaments soient disposés le plus droit et le plus plat possible suivant une même direction longitudinale et ce, pour former une nappe ou bande uniforme.Warp and weft fabrics have been proposed for a very long time as reinforcements for reinforcing laminated articles. They have the advantages of being able to be manufactured easily, of obtaining good mechanical characteristics both in the long direction and in the transverse direction. On the other hand, for certain applications, they have certain drawbacks which result from the fact that the warp and weft threads undulate with respect to each other as a result of weaving, while we frequently seek to have reinforcements in which the filaments are arranged as straight and as flat as possible in the same longitudinal direction and this, to form a uniform sheet or strip.
Par suite, de très nombreuses propositions ont été faites pour obtenir de telles nappes, désignées couramment par l'expression "nappes undirectionnelles".Consequently, very many proposals have been made for obtaining such layers, commonly designated by the expression "undirectional layers".
Parmi ces solutions, on peut citer celles faisant l'objet des brevets français 1 394 271 et 1 469 065.Among these solutions, mention may be made of those covered by French patents 1,394,271 and 1,469,065.
Or on a trouvé, et c'est ce qui fait l'objet de la présente invention, un nouveau type de matériau, ainsi qu'un procédé d'obtention qui, non seulement présente des caractéristiques améliorées par rapport aux nappes unidirectionnelles proposées à ce jour, mais par ailleurs peut être réalisé de manière simple, économique suivant une technique de fabrication permettant une grande productivité.However, we have found, and this is what is the subject of the present invention, a new type of material, as well as a process for obtaining it, which not only has improved characteristics compared to the unidirectional sheets proposed for this purpose. day, but moreover can be carried out in a simple, economical manner according to a manufacturing technique allowing high productivity.
D'une manière générale, l'invention concerne une armature textile utilisable pour la réalisation de complexes divers se présentant sous la forme d'une nappe dans laquelle la majorité des filaments élémentaires sont disposés suivant une même direction, caractérisée en ce que :
- elle est constituée par un tissu dont les fils de chaine et de trame se présentent sous la forme de faisceaux de filaments parallèles ;
- le maintien desdits filaments élémentaires est assuré par une structure fibreuse qui non seulement est entrecroisée avec les fils unidirectionnels précités à la manière d'un tissu mais par ailleurs, comporte des fibres qui s'étendent pour partie perpendiculairement entre deux séries consécutives des filaments parallèles et qui son constituées de filaments brisés implantés dans le sens de l'épaisseur du tissu.
- it is made up of a fabric whose warp and weft threads are in the form of bundles of parallel filaments;
- the maintenance of said elementary filaments is ensured by a fibrous structure which not only is intertwined with the abovementioned unidirectional threads in the manner of a fabric but also comprises fibers which extend partly perpendicularly between two consecutive series of parallel filaments and which consist of broken filaments implanted in the thickness direction of the fabric.
Un tel produit est obtenu par la mise en oeuvre d'un nouveau processus opératoire qui fait également l'objet de la présente invention, processus qui consiste à réaliser un tissu chaîne et trame à partir de filaments continus (verre, carbone) se présentant sous la forme de mèches, puis à soumettre le tissu ainsi formé à une opération d'aiguilletage réalisée dans des conditions telles que l'on écarte les fils de l'une des directions du tissu sans détériorer les filaments qui les composent et, d'autre part, que simultanément on brise une partie des filaments de l'autre direction dudit tissu.Such a product is obtained by the implementation of a new operating process which is also the subject of the present invention, a process which consists in producing a warp and weft fabric from continuous filaments (glass, carbon) having the form of wicks, then subjecting the fabric thus formed to a needling operation carried out under conditions such that the threads are spread from one of the directions of the fabric without damaging the filaments which compose them and, on the other apart, that simultaneously breaking part of the filaments in the other direction of said fabric.
Une telle pénétration de manière sélective des aiguilles à l'intérieur du tissu de départ est obtenue en utilisant une technique conventionnelle d'aiguilletage adaptée pour ne pas détériorer les faisceaux de filaments parallèles de l'une des directions du tissu de départ. Pour ce faire, conformément à l'invention, on utilise des aiguilles dont les barbes ne sont pas disposées sur toute la périphérie de l'aiguille, mais sont orientées parallèlement à l'une des directions du tissu (chaîne ou trame). Ces barbes peuvent être disposées soit selon une génératrice de chaque aiguille, soit symétriquement de part et d'autre du fût de l'aiguille, par exemple à l'arrière et à l'avant du fût si l'on considère le sens d'avancement du tissu de départ à l'intérieur de l'aiguilleteuse.Such selective penetration of the needles inside the starting fabric is obtained by using a conventional needling technique adapted so as not to damage the bundles of parallel filaments from one of the directions of the starting fabric. To do this, in accordance with the invention, needles are used whose barbs are not disposed over the entire periphery of the needle, but are oriented parallel to one of the directions of the fabric (warp or weft). These barbs can be arranged either according to a generator of each needle, or symmetrically on either side of the barrel of the needle, for example at the rear and at the front of the barrel if we consider the direction of advancement of the starting fabric inside the needling machine.
Grâce à une telle manière de réaliser l'aiguilletage, il est possible d'écarter les filaments constituant l'une des directions du tissu sans les détériorer et, simultanément, de provoquer la rupture et l'entraînement des filaments constituant l'autre direction, de manière à former les fibres qui s'étendent sur toute l'épaisseur du tissu.Thanks to such a way of carrying out the needling, it is possible to separate the filaments constituting one of the directions of the fabric without damaging them and, simultaneously, to cause the rupture and entrainment of the filaments constituting the other direction, so as to form the fibers which extend over the entire thickness of the fabric.
Dans la suite de la descritpion, l'invention sera décrite lors d'un traitement d'une structure tissée unitaire, mais il est évident que lors de ce traitement, on pourrait éventuellement associer au tissu réalisé conformément à l'invention d'autres structures fibreuses, telles que par exemple les nappes non-tissées, les textiles, seule l'une des directions (chaîne et trame) du tissu support étant soumis à l'action des barbes des aiguilles.In the following description, the invention will be described during a treatment of a unitary woven structure, but it is obvious that during this treatment, it would possibly be possible to combine the fabric produced in accordance with the invention with other structures. fibrous, such as for example non-woven webs, textiles, only one of the directions (warp and weft) of the support fabric being subjected to the action of the barbs of the needles.
L'invention et les avantages qu'elle apporte seront cependant mieux compris grâce à l'exemple de réalisation donné ci-après à titre indicatif mais non limitatif et qui est illustré par les figures annexées dans lesquelles :
- la figure 1 est une vue schématique en perspective illustrant la manière dont est traité un tissu chaîne et trame en vue d'obtenir un nouveau type de matériau de renforcement conforme à l'invention ;
- la figure 2 est une vue de détail de la partie cerclée X de la figure 1 illustrant l'action de deux aiguilles consécutives sur les fils de chaîne et de trame du tissu lors de son traitement conformément au procédé selon l'invention ;
- la figure 3 est une vue de dessus illustrant la manière dont pénètre une aiguille entre les fils de chaîne et de trame lors d'un traitement conforme à l'invention.
- Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view illustrating how a warp and weft fabric is treated in order to obtain a new type of reinforcing material according to the invention;
- Figure 2 is a detail view of the circled part X of Figure 1 illustrating the action of two consecutive needles on the warp and weft threads of the fabric during its treatment in accordance with the method according to the invention;
- Figure 3 is a top view illustrating how a needle enters between the warp and weft son during a treatment according to the invention.
Si l'on se reporte aux schémas annexés, l'invention concerne donc un perfectionnement apporté aux tissus chaîne et trame utilisés pour le renforcement d'articles stratifiés, lesdits tissus se présentant, avant traitement conformément à l'invention et ce de manière bien connue, sous la forme d'une nappe constituée de fils de chaîne (1a,1b,1c) entrecroisés avec des fils de trame (2a,2b,2c), et disposés orthogonalement les uns par rapport aux autres. Dans l'exemple illustré à la figure 1, le tissu est réalisé selon une armure classique dite armure "toile", mais il est évident que d'autres types d'armures pourraient également être utilisés.If reference is made to the appended diagrams, the invention therefore relates to an improvement made to the warp and weft fabrics used for the reinforcement of laminated articles, said fabrics appearing, before treatment in accordance with the invention and in a well known manner. , in the form of a sheet made up of warp threads (1a, 1b, 1c) crisscrossed with weft threads (2a, 2b, 2c), and arranged orthogonally to each other. In the example illustrated in Figure 1, the fabric is made according to a conventional weave called "canvas" weave, but it is obvious that other types of weave could also be used.
Dans le tissu de départ, les fils de chaîne désignés par la référence générale (1) sont constitués de mèches de filaments parallèles et se présentent sous la forme de faisceaux disposés côte à côte, les fils de trame désignés par la référence générale (2) étant également constitués de faisceaux de filaments parallèles (mèches). Dans le tissu, les mèches de trame et de chaîne peuvent être soit de même nature, soit de nature différente (par exemple mèches de fils de verre, de carbone, de fils synthétiques..).In the starting fabric, the warp threads designated by the general reference (1) consist of wicks of parallel filaments and are in the form of bundles arranged side by side, the weft threads designated by the general reference (2) also being made up of bundles of parallel filaments (wicks). In the fabric, the weft and warp wicks can be either of the same kind or of a different nature (for example wicks of glass, carbon, synthetic yarns, etc.).
Bien entendu, il pourrait être envisagé de réaliser des combinaisons de matières différentes, par exemple une alternance de mèches à base de fils de verre et de mèches ayant une autre structure (carbone par exemple).Of course, it could be envisaged to make combinations of different materials, for example an alternation of wicks based on glass strands and wicks having another structure (carbon for example).
Conformément au procédé selon l'invention, le tissu de départ est soumis à une action d'aiguilletage au moyen d'un ensemble (3), ensemble qui est constitué par une aiguilleteuse conventionnelle à aiguilles, adapté, conformément au processus selon l'invention, pour que les aiguilles lors de leur action sur le tissu, d'une part provoquent l'écartement soit des fils de chaîne soit des fils de trame sans détériorer les filaments et, d'autre part, aient une action sur l'autre série de fils (fils de trame par exemple), de manière à entraîner une rupture des filaments et provoquer une désorientation afin que ces filaments viennent s'implanter dans le sens de l'épaisseur du tissu.According to the method according to the invention, the starting fabric is subjected to a needling action by means of an assembly (3), assembly which is constituted by a conventional needle needling machine, adapted, in accordance with the process according to the invention , so that the needles when they act on the fabric, on the one hand cause the separation of either warp threads or weft threads without damaging the filaments and, on the other hand, have an action on the other series of threads (weft threads for example), so as to cause the filaments to rupture and cause disorientation so that these filaments are implanted in the thickness direction of the fabric.
Pour ce faire, on utilise ainsi que cela est illustré aux figures 2 et 3 des aiguilles (4) dans lesquelles les barbes (5) ne sont pas disposées sur toute la périphérie du fût, mais sont orientées parallèlement aux mèches soit de chaîne soit de trame. Dans le cas présent, les barbes (5) sont présentées parallèlement aux fils de chaîne (voir figures 2 et 3). Les barbes (5) des aiguilles peuvent être disposées symétriquement de part et d'autre du fût de l'aiguille soit, éventuellement d'un seul côté, par exemple à l'arrière du fût si l'on considère le sens d'avancement du tissu au travers de l'aiguilleteuse (3).To do this, use is made, as illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3, of needles (4) in which the barbs (5) are not disposed over the entire periphery of the barrel, but are oriented parallel to the wicks either of chain or of frame. In this case, the barbs (5) are presented parallel to the warp threads (see Figures 2 and 3). The barbs (5) of the needles can be arranged symmetrically on either side of the barrel of the needle or, possibly on one side, for example behind the barrel if we consider the direction of advance fabric through the needling machine (3).
Grâce à une telle manière de réaliser l'aiguilletage, on provoque donc une rupture des filaments de l'une des séries des fils constituant le tissu (chaîne ou trame), l'autre série (trame ou chaîne) n'étant quant à elle pratiquement pas affectée par l'action des aiguilles et conservant toutes ses caractéristiques mécaniques.Thanks to such a way of carrying out the needling, one thus causes a rupture of the filaments of one of the series of threads constituting the fabric (warp or weft), the other series (weft or warp) being in turn practically unaffected by the action of the needles and retaining all its mechanical characteristics.
A titre indicatif, différents essais comparatifs ont été réalisés sur des tissus de verre conventionnels utilisés pour la réalisation d'articles stratifiés. Il a été constaté, dans le cas où le tissu était traité au moyen d'une aiguilleteuse classique comportant des aiguilles munies de barbes sur toute leur périphérie, qu'en moyenne on obtenait une perte de résistance globale tant en chaîne qu'en trame de l'ordre de 30 à 35 %, alors qu'en effectuant un aiguilletage orienté conformément à l'invention, soit dans le sens chaîne soit dans le sens trame, la perte de résistance dans le sens du tissu non fini à l'action des aiguilles n'était que de l'ordre de 5 à 10% alors que dans le sens soumis à l'action des aiguilles, elle était de l'ordre d'environ 70 %.As an indication, various comparative tests were carried out on conventional glass fabrics used for the production of laminated articles. It was found, in the case where the fabric was treated using a conventional needle loom comprising needles provided with barbs over their entire periphery, that on average a global resistance loss was obtained both in warp and weft of on the order of 30 to 35%, while performing an oriented needling in accordance with the invention, either in the warp direction or in the weft direction, the loss of resistance in the direction of the unfinished fabric to the action of needles was only of the order of 5 to 10% whereas in the direction subjected to the action of the needles, it was of the order of approximately 70%.
Un tel matériau est particulièrement avantageux pour réaliser des articles stratifiés dans lesquels on souhaite avoir des caractéristiques de résistance dans une direction déterminée. Par rapport aux nappes unidirectionnelles antérieures, le matériau conforme à l'invention présente, de manière surprenante, la caractéristique de faciliter l'opération d'imprégnation par la résine.Such a material is particularly advantageous for producing laminated articles in which it is desired to have resistance characteristics in a determined direction. Compared to previous unidirectional plies, the material according to the invention has, surprisingly, the characteristic of facilitating the impregnation operation with the resin.
Claims (5)
- A textile reinforcement which can be used to make various composites in the form of a sheet in which the majority of the basic filaments are arranged in a same direction, characterized in that :- it is formed by a woven fabric in which the warp and weft threads are under the form of bundles of parallel filaments ;- the securing of said basic filaments (1a,1b,1c) is ensured by a fibrous structure (2a,2b,2c) which is not only interlaced with the abovemenboned unidirectional threads in the manner of a fabric but also comprises fibers which extend partially perpendicularly between two consecutive series of the parallel filaments (1a,1b,1c) and formed by broken filaments implantation the thickness of the fabric.
- A method for obtaining an reinforcement as claimed in claim 1, which consists in forming a warp and weft fabric from continuous filaments (1a,1b,1c...2a,2b,2c..) in the form of rovings, characterized in that said fabric thus formed is subjected to a needling operation performed under conditions such that the threads of one of the directions (1a,1b,1c) of the fabric are separated without damaging the filaments which compose it and that furthermore some of the filaments of the other direction (2a,2b,2c) of said fabric are simultaneously broken.
- The method as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the needles (4) used during the needling operation of the fabric have barbs (5) which are note arranged over their entire periphery but are oriented parallel to one of the directions of the fabric (warp and weft).
- The method as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the barbs (5) of the needles (4) are arranged symmetrically on either side of the stem of the needle (4).
- The method as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the barbs (5) of the needles (4) are arranged on only one side of the stem of the needle (4) and preferably at the rear of said stem if the direction of feed inside the needle loom (3) is considered.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT90420234T ATE92121T1 (en) | 1989-05-19 | 1990-05-17 | TEXTILE REINFORCEMENT FOR MANUFACTURING VARIOUS COMPLEXES AND METHODS FOR THEIR MANUFACTURE. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8906828 | 1989-05-19 | ||
| FR8906828A FR2647125B1 (en) | 1989-05-19 | 1989-05-19 | TEXTILE REINFORCEMENT FOR USE IN THE PRODUCTION OF VARIOUS COMPLEXES AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0398828A1 EP0398828A1 (en) | 1990-11-22 |
| EP0398828B1 true EP0398828B1 (en) | 1993-07-28 |
Family
ID=9381988
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP90420234A Expired - Lifetime EP0398828B1 (en) | 1989-05-19 | 1990-05-17 | Textile reinforcement used for making different complexes and process for its fabrication |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5143771A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0398828B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE92121T1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2016937A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69002389T2 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2043331T3 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2647125B1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5806155A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1998-09-15 | International Paper Company | Apparatus and method for hydraulic finishing of continuous filament fabrics |
| EP0861341A1 (en) * | 1995-11-17 | 1998-09-02 | International Paper Company | Uniformity and product improvement in lyocell fabrics with hydraulic fluid treatment |
| US6175996B1 (en) * | 1999-07-22 | 2001-01-23 | Weavexx Corporation | Method of forming a papermakers' felt |
| AT410105B (en) * | 2000-06-13 | 2003-02-25 | Fehrer Monika Mag | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCING A MOP SEAT |
| AT410680B (en) * | 2000-11-22 | 2003-06-25 | Fehrer Monika Mag | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR STRENGTHENING A TEXTILE MATERIAL |
| TW499584B (en) * | 2001-11-08 | 2002-08-21 | Delta Electronics Inc | Wavelength division multiplexer and method of wavelength division |
| US20040097152A1 (en) * | 2002-11-15 | 2004-05-20 | Boyd William O. | Composite fabrics with internal connecting elements |
| BR0316354A (en) * | 2002-11-15 | 2005-09-27 | Milliken & Co | Knitted fabric with internal connecting elements |
| US20040097150A1 (en) * | 2002-11-15 | 2004-05-20 | Boyd William O. | Blister fabrics with internal connecting elements |
| US20040097148A1 (en) * | 2002-11-15 | 2004-05-20 | Tucker John Larry | Blister fabrics with internal connecting elements |
| GB0310354D0 (en) * | 2003-05-07 | 2003-06-11 | Viktor Achter Ltd | Process to manufacture high opacity knitted fabric the fabric produced thereby and use of the fabric in vehicles |
| US9212437B2 (en) * | 2011-11-02 | 2015-12-15 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | One-piece fiber reinforcement for a reinforced polymer combining aligned and random fiber layers |
| DE102015012516B4 (en) | 2015-09-25 | 2019-08-14 | Audi Ag | Method for producing a component |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2991536A (en) * | 1954-03-10 | 1961-07-11 | Du Pont | Felted fabric and process for producing |
| US3392079A (en) * | 1964-05-22 | 1968-07-09 | Huyck Corp | Papermakers' felt |
| FR1469065A (en) * | 1965-12-13 | 1967-02-10 | Chomarat & Cie | Glass fiber reinforcement manufacturing process |
| US3479708A (en) * | 1968-05-15 | 1969-11-25 | Edson P Foster | Felting needle |
| DE2129261A1 (en) * | 1971-06-12 | 1973-04-12 | Schmauser Herbert J | FELTING NEEDLE FOR NEEDLE FELING MACHINES |
| US4555424A (en) * | 1984-02-24 | 1985-11-26 | Veb Forst | Textile sheet with surface effects |
-
1989
- 1989-05-19 FR FR8906828A patent/FR2647125B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1990
- 1990-05-10 US US07/521,739 patent/US5143771A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-05-16 CA CA002016937A patent/CA2016937A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1990-05-17 ES ES90420234T patent/ES2043331T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-05-17 DE DE90420234T patent/DE69002389T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-05-17 AT AT90420234T patent/ATE92121T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-05-17 EP EP90420234A patent/EP0398828B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US5143771A (en) | 1992-09-01 |
| ES2043331T3 (en) | 1993-12-16 |
| FR2647125A1 (en) | 1990-11-23 |
| EP0398828A1 (en) | 1990-11-22 |
| CA2016937A1 (en) | 1990-11-19 |
| FR2647125B1 (en) | 1991-06-28 |
| DE69002389D1 (en) | 1993-09-02 |
| DE69002389T2 (en) | 1993-11-18 |
| ATE92121T1 (en) | 1993-08-15 |
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