EP0134611B1 - Sende- oder Empfangsstrahlergruppe einer Mikrowellenflachantenne und Sende- oder Empfangseinrichtung von Mikrowellensignalen mit einer solchen Flachantenne - Google Patents

Sende- oder Empfangsstrahlergruppe einer Mikrowellenflachantenne und Sende- oder Empfangseinrichtung von Mikrowellensignalen mit einer solchen Flachantenne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0134611B1
EP0134611B1 EP84201178A EP84201178A EP0134611B1 EP 0134611 B1 EP0134611 B1 EP 0134611B1 EP 84201178 A EP84201178 A EP 84201178A EP 84201178 A EP84201178 A EP 84201178A EP 0134611 B1 EP0134611 B1 EP 0134611B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
antenna
receiving
cavities
layers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84201178A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0134611A1 (de
Inventor
Emmanuel Rammos
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Koninklijke Philips NV
Original Assignee
Laboratoires dElectronique et de Physique Appliquee
Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV
Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/16—Auxiliary devices for mode selection, e.g. mode suppression or mode promotion; for mode conversion
    • H01P1/161—Auxiliary devices for mode selection, e.g. mode suppression or mode promotion; for mode conversion sustaining two independent orthogonal modes, e.g. orthomode transducer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
    • H01P5/08—Coupling devices of the waveguide type for linking dissimilar lines or devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a planar antenna with an array of receiving elements, said antenna comprising on the one hand first and second plane arrays of microwave transmission lines, electrically independent and each carried by a thin dielectric sheet and situated respectively on the side and on the other of a first layer and coupled, for the reception, or the emission, of the signals, with first recesses provided in the first layer and according to a coupling produced by as many receiving or excitatory ends, as there are has receiving elements, said ends being arranged along two perpendicular axes of these recesses, and on the other hand of the second and third layers situated with respect to said first layer on the other side of dielectric sheets one and the another respectively of the two and themselves comprising, aligned with said first recesses, second and third recesses, the third of which are short-circuited d in a plane parallel to the faces of the layers, and said first, second and third layers being either metallic or dielectric with metallization of the walls of the recesses, characterized in that each end section of the single end,
  • the invention also relates to a system for transmitting or receiving microwave signals equipped with such an antenna, and finds an important application in systems for receiving 12 gigahertz television signals, in particular television signals retransmitted by the through geostationary satellites.
  • European patent application EP-A-0 108 463 describes a planar microwave antenna comprising an array of radiating or receiving elements produced on the one hand from three layers and on the other hand from two supply networks placed respectively between these layers for receiving signals. More specifically, the elements include a first layer with a first circular recess, first and second networks of microwave transmission lines located on either side of this first layer and coupled for receiving signals with each recess along two perpendicular axes. (but parallel from one element to another) and, on the other side of both of these so-called supply networks, a second and a third layer with circular recesses corresponding to the first, the three layers or plates thus provided being metallic or made of a dielectric material with metallization of the walls of the recesses which pass through them. The recesses of the back plate or layer are also short-circuited, to a depth close to X / 4 in general.
  • a first aim of the invention is therefore to propose a planar antenna with arrays of elements in which the above-mentioned drawback is completely eliminated.
  • the invention relates to, in a reception or transmission system taking into account the reciprocal nature of the antennas, microwave signals with orthogonal polarizations, an antenna characterized in that each terminal section of the single end, opposite at said receiving or exciting ends, of the two networks of transmission lines also forms an exciting, or receiving, probe and is coupled to a waveguide located at the rear of the antenna and oriented towards the rear of the latter , said waveguide comprising successively and in alignment a first recess in the rear layer, called the third, of the antenna, a second recess in the central layer, called the first, and, in the front layer called the second, a third recess short-circuited in a plane parallel to the faces of the layers, to a depth equal to that of the short-circuit plane of the receiving elements of the front face of the antenna.
  • the structure thus proposed ensures, thanks to the presence, on the back of the antenna, of an element inverted with respect to the receiving elements of the front face, the reshaping, the rigorous synchronization of the signals traversing respectively each network of transmission: in fact, in this inverted element but not similar to the others, the excitation probes re-emitting the signals they carry have the same "vertical" deviation as those of the elements of the front face, deviation which is equal to thickness of the central layer.
  • This provides a broadband antenna.
  • French patent application FR-A-2 408 921 describes a structure having certain analogies with the present antenna output, in that said structure comprises metallized dielectric layers comprising aligned recesses and enclosing transmission lines coupled to the space delimited by these recesses.
  • said recesses are slits resulting in a lowering of the radiation frequencies by creation of phase delays, which is not compa
  • these recesses are associated with means for eliminating delays which appeared on reception of the signals in the recesses.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide an antenna located in the center of the latter and therefore avoiding the installation of additional transmission line lengths, which would adversely affect the efficiency of the antenna.
  • the invention relates either to the antenna which has just been described, with three plates and two networks of transmission lines, or, more simply, to a flat antenna with networks of receiving elements, said antenna comprising a on the one hand a planar network of microwave transmission lines and on the other hand the first and second layers enclosing said network and themselves comprising, respectively, first recesses and second recesses aligned with the first but short-circuited in a plane parallel to the faces of the layers, said grating being coupled, for the reception, or the emission, of microwave signals with a single polarization, with said recesses according to a coupling produced by as many receiving or excitatory ends, as there are receiving elements, and said first and second layers being either metallic or dielectric with metallization of the walls of the recesses, characterized in that the end section of the end ity single, opposite to said receiving or exciting ends of the network of transmission lines also forms an exciting probe, or receiver, and is coupled to a waveguide located at the rear of the antenna and oriented towards the
  • the planar microwave antenna according to the invention comprises, with reference to the figures, an array of receiver elements produced in the following manner.
  • a first layer 10 in which are provided first circular recesses 11 arranged in a two-dimensional network, are placed the conductive strips of two networks 20 and 30 of transmission lines, electrically independent and each carried by a thin dielectric sheet providing mechanical support for these line networks.
  • a second layer 40 with circular recesses 41 and a third layer 50 with circular recesses 51 are provided respectively.
  • the recesses 41 and 51 are located opposite the recesses 11.
  • the recesses 51 of the third layer are short-circuited in a plane 52 parallel to the faces of the layers 10, 40, 50 to a depth of course less than thickness of the layer 50, so as to constitute a reflective plane for the received microwave signals.
  • the recesses 41 end here, without this arrangement being essential, by a tapered flare 42 which contributes to reinforcing the gain.
  • the first, second and third layers 10, 40, 50 are either metallic or made of dielectric material with metallization of all the walls of the recesses 11, 41, 51 which pass through them respectively.
  • the ends of the networks 20 and 30 of suspended ribbon transmission lines are arranged, on the receiving element side, along two perpendicular axes opposite the recesses 11 of these receiving elements. These ends (not shown here because of the increase in complexity of the figures which would result therefrom) form, in a known manner, excitation probes, carrying out in each of the elements the guide-network coupling which allows the reception of microwave signals from the medium of spread; the penetration lengths of these probes can possibly be different from each other in order to optimize this coupling. From these ends which are equal in number to that of the receiving elements, the networks 20 and 30 progress in successive stages of combination towards a single opposite end, 121 and 131 respectively, constituting a point of convergence reached after electrical paths of equal length. These two ends 121 and 131 collect, for one, the set of received microwave signals having respectively a determined linear polarization and, for the other, the set of received microwave signals having the perpendicular linear polarization.
  • a single circular waveguide 60 located here in the center of the rear face of the antenna, is then associated with these two ends 121 and 131 in the following manner.
  • This waveguide 60 occupies a position opposite to that of the waveguides formed in the receiving elements by the association of successive recesses 41, 11, 51, which means, more precisely, that this guide 60, oriented towards the the rear of the antenna successively comprises a circular recess 65 in the rear layer 50 of the antenna, a circular recess 61 in the central layer 10, and a circular recess 64 in the front layer 40.
  • terminal sections 122 and 132 of the ends 121 and 131 of the transmission networks 20 and 30 are put in place opposite the recesses 65, 61, 64, in a similar manner to the positioning. places opposite ends of the arrays 20 and 30 in each of the receiver elements oriented towards the front of the antenna, so as to also constitute excitation probes.
  • the microwave signals received being thus again rigorously in phase, it only remains to place in the waveguide 60 a depolarizing structure (not shown, because of known type: it is generally a dielectric wafer placed longitudinally and diametrically in the guide), then a mode separator (therefore having two outputs as symmetrical as possible towards two frequency converters) to again dispose of microwave signals with orthogonal polarizations which had been emitted (or retransmitted by the geostationary satellites).
  • the mode separator can be for example such as that described in the article "A wide-band square-waveguide array polarizer" published in the journal IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, May 1973, pages 389 to 391 (see in particular the figure 1 of this document).
  • the two frequency converters, or reception heads, grouping the electronic circuits associated with the antenna can be in particular, in the case of the reception of 12 gigahertz television signals transmitted via satellites, of the head type reception described in the review "L'Onde Electrique", volume 62, n ° 3, March 1982, pages 39 and 40.
  • the present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above and shown, from which variants can be proposed without departing from the scope of the invention.
  • the proposed antenna remains advantageous even for an antenna called upon to receive signals of only one type of polarization and comprising for this purpose only one network of transmission lines enclosed between two layers; indeed, even in this case, the proposed structure remains very economical, for the reasons indicated above, compared to current solutions with additional transmission lines and external connectors.
  • the invention extends to any system for receiving microwave signals comprising a planar antenna as described, the choice of the example of 12 gigahertz television signals not being limiting of the operating frequency or of the nature of this system (it can be incorporated into terrestrial as well as satellite transmission networks).

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  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)

Claims (4)

1. Flachantenne mit einer Empfangselementengruppe, wobei die Antenne einerseits erste und zweite flache Mikrowellenübertragungsleitungsgruppen, die elektrisch unabhängig sind, von je einer dünnen dielektrischen Folie getragen werden, sich an beiden Seiten einer ersten Schicht befinden und für den Empfang oder die Ausstrahlung der Mikrowellensignale mit orthogonalen Polarisationen mit in der ersten Schicht angebrachten ersten Aussparungen verbunden sind, und entsprechend einer Verbindung, die mit genau soviel Empfangsenden oder Sende-Enden, wie es Empfangselemente gibt, diese Enden entlang zwei senkrechten Achsen dieser Aussparungen angeordnet sind, und andererseits zweite und dritte Schichten enthält, die sich in bezug auf die erste Schicht an der anderen Seite einer oder der anderen der beiden dielektrischen Folien befinden und selbst fluchtend mit den ersten Aussparungen zweite und dritte Aussparungen enthalten, von denen die dritten in einer parallelen Ebene zu den Schichtflächen kurzgeschlossen sind, und wobei die ersten, zweiten und dritten Schichten entweder metallisch oder mit Durchmetallisierung der Aussparungswände dielektrisch sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jedes Endstück (122, 132) des einzigen den Empfangs- oder Sende-Enden gegenüberliegenden Endes der beiden Übertragungsleitungsgruppen auch eine Sende- oder Empfangsschleife bildet, mit einem an der Rückseite der Antenne befindlichen Wellenleiter verbunden und auf ihre Hinterseite orientiert ist, wobei der Wellenleiter aufeinanderfolgend und fluchtend eine erste Aussparung in der hinteren, mit dritten benannten Schicht der Antenne, eine zweite Aussparung in der zentralen, mit erster benannten Schicht und in der mit zweiter benannten vorderen Schicht eine dritte in einer zu den Schichtenflächen parallelen Ebene kurzgeschlossene Aussparung enthält, deren Dicke gleich der der Kurzschlußebene der Empfangselemente der Vorderfläche der Antenne ist.
2. Flachantenne mit einer Empfangselementengruppe, wobei die Antenne einerseits eine flache Mikrowellenübertragungsleitungsgruppe, die durch eine dünne dielektrische Folie getragen wird, und andererseits zweite und dritte Schichten enthält, die die Gruppe enthalten und selbst erste und zweite Aussparungen enthalten, die mit den ersten fluchten, jedoch in einer parallelen Ebene zu den Schichtflächen kurzgeschlossen sind, wobei die Gruppe für den Empfang oder die Ausstrahlung von Mikrowellensignalen mit nur einer Polarisation mit den Aussparungen entsprechend einer Verbindung durch genau soviel Empfangsenden oder Sende-Enden, wie es Empfangselemente gibt verbunden sind, und die ersten und zweiten Schichten entweder metallisch oder dielektrisch mit Durchmetallisierung der Aussparungswände sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Endstück des einzigen den Empfangs- oder Sende-Enden gegenüberliegenden Endes der Übertragungsleitungsgruppen auch eine Sende-oder Empfangsschleife bildet, und mit einem an der Rückseite der Antenne befindlichen Wellenleiter verbunden und auf ihre Hinterseite orientiert ist, wobei der Wellenleiter aufeinanderfolgend und fluchtend eine erste Aussparung in der hinteren, mit zweiten benannten Schicht der Antenne, und in der vorderen, mit ersten benannten Schicht eine zweite in einer zu den Schichtenflächen parallelen Ebene kurzgeschlossene Aussparung enthält, deren Dicke gleich der der Kurzschlußebene der Empfangselemente der Vorderfläche der Antenne ist.
3. Flachantenne nach einem der Ansprüche 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Längen der Endstücke, die Sende- oder Empfangsschleifen bilden, einerseits in den Empfangselementen der Vorderfläche der Antenne und andererseits im Wellenleiter der Rückfläche der Antenne invertiert sind, wenn sie sich voneinander unterscheiden.
4. Sende- oder Empfangssystem für Mikrowellensignale, das eine Flachantenne mit einer Sende- oder Empfangselementengruppe nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3 enthält.
EP84201178A 1983-08-19 1984-08-15 Sende- oder Empfangsstrahlergruppe einer Mikrowellenflachantenne und Sende- oder Empfangseinrichtung von Mikrowellensignalen mit einer solchen Flachantenne Expired EP0134611B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8313478 1983-08-19
FR8313478A FR2550892B1 (fr) 1983-08-19 1983-08-19 Sortie d'antenne en guide d'onde pour une antenne plane hyperfrequence a reseau d'elements rayonnants ou recepteurs et systeme d'emission ou de reception de signaux hyperfrequences comprenant une antenne plane equipee d'une telle sortie d'antenne

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0134611A1 EP0134611A1 (de) 1985-03-20
EP0134611B1 true EP0134611B1 (de) 1989-11-08

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EP84201178A Expired EP0134611B1 (de) 1983-08-19 1984-08-15 Sende- oder Empfangsstrahlergruppe einer Mikrowellenflachantenne und Sende- oder Empfangseinrichtung von Mikrowellensignalen mit einer solchen Flachantenne

Country Status (8)

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US (1) US4644362A (de)
EP (1) EP0134611B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS6059801A (de)
AU (1) AU3203484A (de)
CA (1) CA1229161A (de)
DE (1) DE3480453D1 (de)
DK (1) DK393984A (de)
FR (1) FR2550892B1 (de)

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FR2592233B1 (fr) * 1985-12-20 1988-02-12 Radiotechnique Compelec Antenne plane hyperfrequences recevant simultanement deux polarisations.
FR2596585B1 (fr) * 1986-03-26 1988-09-16 Alcatel Thomson Faisceaux Antenne reseau sur circuit imprime
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KR100285779B1 (ko) * 1997-12-10 2001-04-16 윤종용 이동통신용기지국용안테나
US6271799B1 (en) * 2000-02-15 2001-08-07 Harris Corporation Antenna horn and associated methods
DE10322803A1 (de) * 2003-05-19 2004-12-23 Otto-Von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg Mikrostreifenantenne
US7187340B2 (en) * 2004-10-15 2007-03-06 Harris Corporation Simultaneous multi-band ring focus reflector antenna-broadband feed
US7586410B2 (en) * 2006-03-09 2009-09-08 Zih Corp. RFID UHF stripline coupler
CA3100449C (en) * 2018-06-01 2022-08-30 Swissto12 Sa Radiofrequency module
IL278692B1 (en) 2018-06-01 2024-05-01 Swissto12 Sa radio frequency module
CN116387788B (zh) * 2023-06-06 2023-08-01 电子科技大学 一种三模复合的一分四功分网络

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DK393984A (da) 1985-02-20
JPS6059801A (ja) 1985-04-06
US4644362A (en) 1987-02-17
DE3480453D1 (en) 1989-12-14
AU3203484A (en) 1985-02-21
FR2550892B1 (fr) 1986-01-24
DK393984D0 (da) 1984-08-16
EP0134611A1 (de) 1985-03-20
CA1229161A (en) 1987-11-10
FR2550892A1 (fr) 1985-02-22

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