EP0557176B1 - Vorrichtung zur Speisung für eine Plattenantenne mit zwei gekreuzten Polarisationen und Gruppenantenne mit einer solchen Vorrichtung - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zur Speisung für eine Plattenantenne mit zwei gekreuzten Polarisationen und Gruppenantenne mit einer solchen Vorrichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0557176B1
EP0557176B1 EP93400375A EP93400375A EP0557176B1 EP 0557176 B1 EP0557176 B1 EP 0557176B1 EP 93400375 A EP93400375 A EP 93400375A EP 93400375 A EP93400375 A EP 93400375A EP 0557176 B1 EP0557176 B1 EP 0557176B1
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Prior art keywords
line
ground plane
printed circuit
metallization
produced
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0557176A1 (de
Inventor
Gérard THOMSON-CSF Dubost
Roger Thomson-Csf Frin
Guy Thomson-Csf Bastard
Maurice Thomson-Csf Loiseau
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Thomcast
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Thomcast
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
    • H01Q21/0075—Stripline fed arrays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/045—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with particular feeding means
    • H01Q9/0457—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with particular feeding means electromagnetically coupled to the feed line

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to plate antennas, and more particularly relates to a supply device, or "distributor", intended for an array of plate antennas with double cross polarization, advantageously produced in printed circuits.
  • the double feed device according to the invention is specially designed to be integrated into a network which may include several hundred plate antennas.
  • one solution consisted in providing that one of the distributors, in a tree, could be on the printed circuit carrying the radiating sources and the other on another printed circuit with as many passages as radiating sources. (or group of radiating sources constituting for example resonant subnets).
  • This solution in triplate embodiment for the two distributors and tested in the Ku band, is difficult to implement when several hundred sources are envisaged.
  • it uses four juxtaposed printed circuits. Such a configuration is described in the article by G. DUBOST: “Dual Polarized Microstrip Arrays in S, C, X and Ku Bands", PIERS 1991, July 1.5, Cambridge, Massachussets (USA).
  • the invention aims to overcome the shortcomings of the known art.
  • a supply device comprising two completely independent transmission lines: a first transmission line of the triple plate type and a second transmission line of microstrip type.
  • the subject of the invention is therefore a device for feeding at least one plate antenna with double crossed polarization, characterized in that it comprises, for each source, a first line of triplate type comprising a first ground plane, a second ground plane and an elongate track parallel to a first direction and disposed between the first and second ground plan; a second microstrip type line comprising the first ground plane and an elongated track of direction perpendicular to the first direction, and in that the tracks, the first and second ground planes are arranged in four distinct planes which are parallel to each other .
  • the invention also relates to an array of dual polarization plate antennas equipped with such a device.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a feed device for plate antennas with double crossed polarization according to the invention.
  • Figure 1 illustrates the antenna and its feeder seen from above, by convention.
  • the top of the figure illustrates these same elements in section CC ′, that is to say in a direction parallel to one of the supply lines R which will be described later.
  • the source used S is a plate antenna, with double crossed polarization.
  • This source in a preferred embodiment of the invention, is in accordance with the main lessons of the European patent application published under the number EP-A-O 243 289, on October 28, 1987. Reference may be made, as non-limiting example, to the alternative embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2 of this application. It will however be seen that the antenna is powered according to the invention. more by two triplate lines, contrary to the arrangements made in the aforementioned European patent application.
  • the source S consists of two doublets plates, folded and interlaced, metallized on the same face of a printed circuit. To allow its use with a very large number of copies in a network, it is decoupled from the metallic plane M common to all the sources using four non-conducting windows F 1 to F 4 .
  • the main characteristic of the invention consists in supplying such a dual-polarization source using two completely independent transmission lines. Three juxtaposed printed circuits CI 1 , CI 2 and CI 3 are required. These printed circuits can naturally consist of successive layers of a multilayer printed circuit.
  • One of the transmission lines has a T track and two ground planes M and CP.
  • the other, of the microstrip type comprises a track R and again the ground plane M.
  • the length of the two lines open at their ends is close to the quarter-wave. These lengths are noted l 1 and l 2 in FIG. 1.
  • the thickness of the metal plane M is large compared to the thickness of the skin (for example a thickness of printed circuit of 17.5 ⁇ m), the coupling between the two transmission lines is very small.
  • the windows F 1 to F 4 are produced, for example, by removing the metallization. They are in the form of a portion of crowns, the common center O being at the crossing point of the tracks R and T, center of the source S, when looking at the source in projection.
  • Track widths R and T are noted, respectively, w 1 and w 2 .
  • the thicknesses of the printed circuits CI 1 to CI 3 have been noted in FIG. 1: H 1 , H 2 and H 3 . All these parameters depend on the application envisaged or on technological choices.
  • the input impedances have been adapted using quarter-wave transformers. These were carried out either in a three-ply line for the three-ply transmission line, or in a microstrip line for the microstrip transmission line. They will be illustrated later with reference to Figures 2 and 3.
  • Table I placed at the end of this description, shows four solutions, denoted A, B, C and D, for metallizing the elements R, M, T and CP.
  • the choice is made according to data functions essentially of a technological nature, in particular the tolerances for metallization of the printed circuits and the precision necessary to ensure a good mechanical position for the coincidence of the three juxtaposed printed circuits.
  • this table it is indicated on which printed circuit and on which face of this circuit is made such metallization element.
  • the faces denoted “face 1" are the upper faces (FIG. 1) and "face 2", the lower faces.
  • the metallization of R is carried out on the "face 1" of the printed circuit CI 1 , the metallization T on the "face 2" of CI 2 , the metallization of M on the "face 2" of CI 1 and the metallization of CP on the "face 2" of CI 3 .
  • the circuit CI 2 is simply constituted by a dielectric sheet.
  • the metallization CP, on the printed circuit CI 3 can be replaced by a metal plate if one wishes a rigidity of the assembly more important.
  • the printed circuit CI 3 can be replaced by a simple metallic sheet and a dielectric sheet between this metallic sheet and the printed circuit CI 2 .
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 show two resonant sub-networks of ten radiating sources each. More particularly, these subnetworks were produced according to the variant denoted B in Table I.
  • FIG. 2 corresponds to the supply by triplate lines of each resonant sub-network whose directivity is maximum in the "plane E” or electrical polarization.
  • FIG. 3 corresponds, for its part, to the supply by microstrip lines of each resonant sub-network whose directivity is maximum in the "H plane” or magnetic polarization.
  • the sub-network shown is supplied by two primary lines notably comprising tracks T 10 and T 20 . These lines feed in turn, in a central area, two secondary lines T 100 and T 200 which also branch into individual supply lines from the sources.
  • the primary supply lines T 10 and T 20 as well as the secondary lines T 100 and T 200 extend parallel to the axis ⁇ between two source bands.
  • Individual lines, such as the line T 204 are first of all perpendicular to ⁇ , between two contiguous sources then again parallel to ⁇ to cross the ribbon lines ( Figure 3).
  • Line T 204 is an example of this for source S 204 .
  • FIG. 2 also shows adaptation transformers, between the primary and secondary lines: transformers Tr 10 and Tr 20 ; and between the secondary lines and the individual supply lines, for example the transformer Tr 204 . They are produced in the same way as the lines themselves, that is to say in triplate technology for the part of the sub-network of FIG. 2. The role of these transformers has been specified previously in relation to the description of figure 1.
  • This configuration of tree distributors makes it possible to supply all the sources in phase, on the one hand, and on the other hand, makes it possible to obtain a balanced network due to the symmetry in the supply of the sources of the same subnet.
  • the lines T 10 , T 20 , T 100 , T 200 and the individual supply lines such as the line T 204 are produced by metallization of the "face 2" of the printed circuit CI 2 (FIG. 1).
  • the ground plane M is produced by metallization of the "face 1" of this printed circuit and the ground plane CP, known as a metal counterweight, is produced by metallization of the "face 2" of the circuit CI 3 .
  • Figure 3 corresponds to the supply by microstrip lines.
  • the same resonant sub-network has been represented comprising two bands of ten sources S 100 to S 209 distributed regularly parallel to the axis ⁇ .
  • the configuration of the microstrip lines is similar to that shown in Figure 2 for the three-ply lines.
  • the phase wavelength is greater and this is the reason why the supply lines R 100 and R 200, which must have between two adjacent sources a length greater than 17 mm, are sinuous as it is shown in Figure 3.
  • each source such as the source S 204
  • An example is given by line R 204 (source S 204 ).
  • FIG. 3 shows adaptation transformers T'r 10 , T'r 20 and T'r 204 . They are naturally produced in microstrip type line technology.
  • This configuration of tree distributors therefore also ensures for this polarization of the sub-network a phase supply of all the sources and makes it possible to obtain a balanced network due to the symmetry of the supply.
  • the lines R 10 , R 20 , R 100 , R 200 and the particular supply lines from sources such as the line R 204 are produced by metallization of the "face 1" of the printed circuit Cl 1 ( Figure 1), the ground plane M being produced on the "face 1" of the printed circuit Cl 2 as indicated above.
  • an array of plate antennas generally has more resonant subarrays shown in Figures 2 and 3.
  • a complete array (not shown) will typically have hundreds of plate antennas. It is obtained simply by increasing the number of sub-networks
  • the set will have the configuration of a regular matrix of n sub-networks each comprising p source.
  • a second advantage of the supply devices according to the invention is that the number of tracks of the supply lines located between two adjacent sub-networks is reduced to two. This is important to avoid unwanted couplings between lines, since the radiating source has a diameter close to 0.65 ⁇ 0 ( ⁇ 0 being the wavelength of the vacuum at the center frequency) and where the distance between adjacent sub-arrays must remain less than ⁇ 0 to avoid the lobes of the arrays .
  • the invention is not limited to the supply device described precisely.
  • the sources of the type described in relation to FIG. 1, although specially adapted, can be replaced by other known art sources insofar as they can be supplied in accordance with the teachings of the invention.
  • the invention applies more particularly to dual polarization satellite reception antennas, in particular for the reception of the DBS satellite, and more generally to the reception of television broadcasts.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Vorrichtung zum Speisen wenigstens einer Planarantenne (S) mit zweifacher, gekreuzter Polarisation, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie für jede Quelle (S) versehen ist mit einer ersten Leitung des Triplatetyps, die eine erste Masseebene (M), eine zweite Masseebene (CP) und eine Bahn (T) mit langgestreckter Form, die zu einer ersten Richtung parallel und zwischen der ersten und der zweiten Masseebene angeordnet ist, enthält; einer zweiten Leitung des Mikrostreifentyps, die die erste Masseebene (M) und eine Bahn (R) mit langgestreckter Form in einer zur ersten Richtung senkrechten Richtung enthält, und daß die Bahnen (T, R), die erste Masseebene (M) und die zweite Masseebene (CP) in vier verschiedenen und zueinander parallelen Ebenen angeordnet sind.
  2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Bahn (T) der Leitung des Triplatetyps sowie die Bahn (R) der Leitung des Mikrostreifentyps sich in einer zentralen Zone (O) jeder Quelle (S) kreuzen und auf Längen (l1 und l2) verlängert sind, um eine Viertelwellenlängenleitung des Triplatetyps bzw. eine Viertelwellenlängenleitung des Mikrostreifentyps zu bilden, wobei diese Leitungen an ihren Enden offen sind.
  3. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die vier Ebenen jeweils eine der oberen oder unteren Flächen eines Stapels aus drei übereinander gelagerten gedruckten Schaltungen (CI1 bis CI3) bilden.
  4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Leitung des Mikrostreifentyps durch eine metallisierte Bahn (R) auf der oberen Fläche der oberen gedruckten Schaltung (CI1) des Stapels sowie eine Masseebene (M) gebildet ist, die durch Metallisierung der unteren Fläche dieser gedruckten Schaltung (CI1) verwirklicht ist, und daß die Triplate-Leitung durch diese Masseebene (M), eine Bahn (T), die durch Metallisierung der unteren Fläche der mittleren gedruckten Schaltung (CI2) des Stapels verwirklicht ist, sowie eine zweite Masseebene gebildet ist, die durch Metallisierung der unteren Fläche der unteren gedruckten Schaltung (CI3) verwirklicht ist.
  5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Leitung des Mikrostreifentyps durch eine metallisierte Bahn (R) auf der oberen Fläche der oberen gedruckten Schaltung (CI1) des Stapels sowie eine Masseebene (M) gebildet ist, die durch Metallisierung der oberen Fläche der mittleren gedruckten Schaltung (CI2) verwirklicht ist, und daß die Triplate-Leitung durch diese Masseebene (M), eine Bahn (T), die durch Metallisierung der unteren Fläche der mittleren gedruckten Schaltung (CI2) verwirklicht ist, sowie eine zweite Masseebene gebildet ist, die durch Metallisierung der unteren Fläche der unteren gedruckten Schaltung (CI3) verwirklicht ist.
  6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Leitung des Mikrostreifentyps durch eine metallisierte Bahn (R) auf der oberen Fläche der oberen gedruckten Schaltung (CI1) des Stapels sowie eine Masseebene (M) gebildet ist, die durch Metallisierung der oberen Fläche der mittleren gedruckten Schaltung (CI2) verwirklicht ist, und daß die Triplate-Leitung durch diese Masseebene (M), eine Bahn (T), die durch Metallisierung der oberen Fläche der unteren gedruckten Schaltung (CI3) des Stapels verwirklicht ist, sowie eine zweite Masseebene gebildet ist, die durch Metallisierung der unteren Fläche dieser gedruckten Schaltung (CI3) verwirklicht ist.
  7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Leitung des Mikrostreifentyps durch eine metallisierte Bahn (R) auf der oberen Fläche der oberen gedruckten Schaltung (CI1) des Stapels und eine Masseebene (M) gebildet ist, die durch Metallisierung der unteren Fläche dieser gedruckten Schaltung (CI1) verwirklicht ist, und daß die Triplate-Leitung durch diese Masseebene (M), eine Bahn (T), die durch Metallisierung der oberen Fläche der unteren gedruckten Schaltung (CI3) des Stapels verwirklicht ist, sowie eine zweite Masseebene (CP) gebildet ist, die durch Metallisierung der unteren Fläche der unteren gedruckten Schaltung (CI3) verwirklicht ist.
  8. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die die zweite Masseebene (CP) bildende Metallisierung durch eine starre Metallplatte ersetzt ist.
  9. Gruppe von Planarantennen, die in einer Matrix aus n Resonanz-Untergruppen, wovon jede p Quellen (S100 bis S209) enthält, organisiert ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie mit einer Speisevorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8 ausgerüstet ist und daß jede Speiseleitung des Triplatetyps bzw. des Mikrostreifentyps pro Zeile aus einem baumartig konfigurierten Verteiler mit einer Hauptleitung (T10 und T20, R10 und R20), die sich parallel zur Spalte erstreckt, sowie aus einer sekundären Leitung (T100 und T200, R100 und R200), die zu dieser Zeile parallel ist und in einer mittleren Zone angeschlossen ist, sowie für jede Quelle (S204) aus einer individuellen Speiseleitung (T204, R204) gebildet ist, wobei die Verbindungen mit den sekundären Leitungen längs dieser Leitungen regelmäßig verteilt sind.
  10. Gruppe nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß innerhalb einer Resonanz-Untergruppe (S100 bis S109, S200 bis S209) die Quellen regelmäßig verteilt sind und ihre Zentren um eine Strecke d beabstandet sind, derart, daß d = λ0 / ε r
    Figure imgb0003
     gilt, wobei λ0 die Wellenlänge der Strahlung in Luft ist und εr die relative Dielektrizitätskonstante des die Leitungen bildenden Mediums ist.
  11. Gruppe nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Längen der Bahnen (T), die die Leitung des Triplatetyps zwischen zwei der Verbindungen bilden, die die Sekundär leitungen (T100 und T200) mit den individuellen Speiseleitungen (T204) verbinden, gleich dem Abstand d sind, wobei diese Längen ihrerseits gleich einer Phasenwellenlänge in der Triplate-Leitung sind, und daß diese sekundären Leitungen aus Geradensegmenten der Längen d gebildet sind.
  12. Gruppe nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dann, wenn die Längen der Bahn (R), die die Leitung des Mikrostreifentyps zwischen zwei der Verbindungen bildet, die die Sekundär leitungen (R100 und R200) mit den individuellen Speiseleitungen (R204) verbinden, gleich der Phasenwellenlänge einer Speiseleitung des Mikrostreifentyps sind, wobei diese Phasenwellenlänge größer als die Phasenwellenlänge in der Speiseleitung des Triplatetyps ist, die Sekundärleitungen (R100 und R200) sinusförmig sind.
EP93400375A 1992-02-21 1993-02-16 Vorrichtung zur Speisung für eine Plattenantenne mit zwei gekreuzten Polarisationen und Gruppenantenne mit einer solchen Vorrichtung Expired - Lifetime EP0557176B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9202001A FR2687850B1 (fr) 1992-02-21 1992-02-21 Dispositif d'alimentation pour antenne plaque a double polarisation croisee et reseau equipe d'un tel dispositif.
FR9202001 1992-02-21

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EP0557176B1 true EP0557176B1 (de) 1996-10-09

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB9410994D0 (en) * 1994-06-01 1994-07-20 Alan Dick & Company Limited Antennae
ES2122937B1 (es) * 1997-04-29 1999-08-01 Rymsa Antena de dos polarizaciones.

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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JPS60239103A (ja) * 1984-05-14 1985-11-28 Japan Radio Co Ltd マイクロストリツプアレイアンテナ
FR2598036B1 (fr) * 1986-04-23 1988-08-12 France Etat Antenne plaque a doubles polarisations croisees

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FR2687850A1 (fr) 1993-08-27
EP0557176A1 (de) 1993-08-25
DE69305196T2 (de) 1997-03-06
FR2687850B1 (fr) 1994-04-15
ATE144080T1 (de) 1996-10-15

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