EP0493190B1 - Schichtartig aufgebaute Mikrowellen-Streifenleitungsantenne - Google Patents

Schichtartig aufgebaute Mikrowellen-Streifenleitungsantenne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0493190B1
EP0493190B1 EP91403422A EP91403422A EP0493190B1 EP 0493190 B1 EP0493190 B1 EP 0493190B1 EP 91403422 A EP91403422 A EP 91403422A EP 91403422 A EP91403422 A EP 91403422A EP 0493190 B1 EP0493190 B1 EP 0493190B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
patches
radiating element
patch
element according
radiating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91403422A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0493190A1 (de
Inventor
Xavier Delestre
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Thales SA
Original Assignee
Thomson CSF SA
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Publication date
Application filed by Thomson CSF SA filed Critical Thomson CSF SA
Publication of EP0493190A1 publication Critical patent/EP0493190A1/de
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Publication of EP0493190B1 publication Critical patent/EP0493190B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/0414—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna in a stacked or folded configuration

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to paver type microwave antennas.
  • the antennas printed on a dielectric substrate are commonly used in the microwave field.
  • a double excitation of these blocks by means of two separate inputs makes it possible to emit two different types of radiation with the same radiating element.
  • the signals sent to the two inputs each generate radiation with linear polarization, the two polarizations produced being orthogonal to one another (for example one vertical and the other horizontal).
  • An appropriate distribution of the amplitudes and phases of these two signals also makes it possible to obtain radiation in circular polarization.
  • the microwave isolation of the two inputs depends essentially on the geometric shape of the block (printed metallic conductor) to which these inputs are connected (galvanically connected or by coupling).
  • the radiating elements of the network In the case of electronically scanned array antennas, it is difficult to power the radiating elements of the network when these elements each have two inputs. It is indeed necessary to use a double distribution of microwave energy. You can also switch the type of radiation from these antennas. It is then necessary to supply each radiating element through a switch with one input and two outputs, these outputs being connected to the inputs of the radiating element. Depending on the state of an electrical control signal and the type of switch used, the radiation obtained can be either linearly polarized (horizontal or vertical) or circularly polarized (left or right).
  • the external dimensions of the radiating elements used must be smaller than those of the mesh of the array. This constraint imposes a transverse attack on the radiating elements, which makes it possible to limit their size.
  • Coaxial lines are used for this purpose, the central conductors of which are electrically connected to the metal pad. The two inputs of the radiating element are therefore not isolated from each other by direct current.
  • switches for switching from linearly polarized radiation to circularly polarized radiation, and vice versa comprise one or more diodes connected directly between the two outputs of these switches. These switches can only operate if their two outputs are mutually isolated by direct current. This condition is not fulfilled when these outputs are connected to the two inputs of a paved antenna of the prior art.
  • a known, simple, more expensive solution consists in inserting a capacitor in series between one of the outputs of the switch and one of the inputs of the radiating element. This capacitor, which allows DC isolation, must have a negligible microwave impedance.
  • the known radiating elements of the “polarized” type with double polarization comprise two inputs connected directly to a single metallic conductor etched on a dielectric substrate.
  • This conductor called “source block”
  • This conductor is generally square or circular, in order to allow identical radiation according to the two polarizations.
  • one or more other blocks can be placed above the source block, electromagnetically coupled and supported by an insulating material.
  • the present invention relates to a radiating element according to claim 1, bipolarized with two isolated DC inputs, without requiring isolation capacitors, and having the smallest possible footprint.
  • the radiating element according to the invention comprises at least two superposed blocks, isolated from each other by a layer of air or of dielectric material, at least the lower block having two opposite concave sides, the lower block being printed on the upper face of a dielectric substrate whose lower face is metallized, the middle of a rectilinear side of each of the first two blocks being connected to a supply line, the lined feeding of the upper block passing near a concave side of the lower block.
  • the two opposite concave sides of the lower block are substantially parallel to the radiated electric field (by the lower block). This arrangement is the only one which allows the passage of the supply line of the upper block without crossing the lower block.
  • the bipolarized radiating element 1 shown in FIG. 1 comprises a dielectric substrate 2, the underside of which is almost entirely metallized. On the upper surface, also metallized, of the substrate 2, one or more blocks 3 are etched, for example of square shape. In line with midpoints 4 and 5 on two sides of the square 3, we drill into the substrate 2 and its metallization of the holes for the passage of the cores of coaxial conductors 6, 7 supplying the block 3.
  • the conductor 6 corresponds for example to vertical polarization, and the conductor 7 to horizontal polarization.
  • such a radiating element requires the use of galvanic isolation capacitors between the polarization switch and this element.
  • the radiating element 8, according to the invention and represented in FIG. 2 essentially comprises a first dielectric support substrate 9.
  • the underside 10 of the substrate 9 (as seen in the drawing, makes it the face opposite to the radiating face ) is metallized.
  • the upper face of the substrate 9 is metallized, then etched.
  • One or more blocks are engraved there (several to obtain a network).
  • This block 11 has a general shape of a square, but two of its opposite sides 12, 13 are slightly concave (arrow F equals approximately 10 to 20% of the length of the side of the square, see figure 3). These two sides (or more exactly the corresponding sides of the original square) are parallel to the electric field radiated by the element.
  • a solid dielectric 14 whose thickness is less than that of the substrate 9 (for example 5 to 10 times thinner) is fixed, for example by gluing ).
  • the upper face of the dielectric 14 is first metallized, then etched to form one (or more in the case of a network) radiating element (s) 15 of the same shape and dimensions as those of the element 11
  • the center of the element 15 is opposite that of the element 15, but these elements are offset by 90 ° in rotation relative to each other, that is to say that 'a concave side of one is opposite a straight side of the other.
  • the hole for the passage of the core of the conductor 21 can be made tangentially at point 19 (and perpendicular to the surface of the dielectric 14 and of the substrate 9) without there being any risk of contact between this core and the element 11.
  • the overall dimensions, in a plane perpendicular to the direction of propagation of the radiation of the radiating element is as small as possible, which can make it possible to form the densest network possible.
  • the elements 11 and 15 have been shown in plan in FIG. 3. Instead of giving them concave circular faces, two of their opposite concave faces can be formed, for example in "V" shape as shown in FIG. 4 or in trapezoid shape as shown in Figure 5. These forms are not, however, limiting. Other forms can be adopted, if an important condition is observed, which is to remove enough material in at least one side of the lower block to allow the core of the supply conductor of the upper block to pass without increasing the dimensions in directions perpendicular to the direction of propagation of the radiation of the radiating element.
  • the dielectric 14 can be replaced by a layer of air.
  • the upper block can be produced using the suspended triplate technique.
  • the upper block is formed on a thin support sheet which is fixed on small blocks of insulating material.
  • the dielectric layer 14 does not necessarily cover the entire upper face of the substrate 9. It can, for example, include recesses in line with the concave sides of the element 15. This gives easy access to the straight sides of the element 11, and in particular to its feed point 16.
  • the radiating element of the invention can be implemented in applications such as single or multi-element antennas, active or passive, which can operate in linear and / or circular polarizations, possibly switchable.
  • the blocks of this radiating element can also be supplied by other types of lines, for example microstrip lines ("microstrip").

Landscapes

  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Strahlendes Mikrowellenelement vom "Patch"-Typ, das auf ein dielektrisches Substrat aufgedruckt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es mindestens zwei übereinanderliegende Flekken (11, 15) besitzt, die gegeneinander isoliert sind und je gemäß einer von zwei zueinander orthogonalen Polarisationen senden, wobei mindestens der untere Fleck (11) zwei einander gegenüberliegende konkave Seiten besitzt und der untere Fleck auf die Oberseite eines dielektrischen Substrats aufgedruckt ist, dessen Unterseite metallbeschichtet ist, und daß die Mitte einer geradlinigen Seite jedes der beiden ersten Flecken (11, 15) an die ihm zugeordnete Speiseleitung (18, 21) angeschlossen ist,
  2. Strahlendes Element nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die beiden Flecken durch eine Schicht eines dielektrischen Materials (14) gegeneinander isoliert sind.
  3. Strahlendes Element nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die beiden Flecken durch eine Luftschicht gegeneinander isoliert sind.
  4. Strahlendes Element nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei dem die Flecken durch koaxiale Leitungen gespeist werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Speiseleitung des oberen Flecks (15) in der Nähe einer konkaven Seite des unteren Flecks verläuft.
  5. Strahlendes Element nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die beiden ersten Flecken um 90° gegeneinander gedreht sind.
  6. Mikrowellenantenne, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie mindestens ein Element nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche enthält.
  7. Antenne nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es sich um eine aktive Antenne handelt.
  8. Antenne nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es sich um eine passive Antenne handelt.
  9. Antenne nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die an die beiden ersten Flecken jedes Elements angelegten Signale so gewählt sind, daß sich eine Strahlung mit linearer Polarisation ergibt.
  10. Antenne nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Phasen und Amplituden der an die beiden ersten Flecken jedes Elements angelegten Signale so gewählt sind, daß sich eine Strahlung mit Zirkularpolarisation ergibt.
EP91403422A 1990-12-27 1991-12-17 Schichtartig aufgebaute Mikrowellen-Streifenleitungsantenne Expired - Lifetime EP0493190B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9016328A FR2671234B1 (fr) 1990-12-27 1990-12-27 Antenne hyperfrequence de type pave.
FR9016328 1990-12-27

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0493190A1 EP0493190A1 (de) 1992-07-01
EP0493190B1 true EP0493190B1 (de) 1996-01-24

Family

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EP91403422A Expired - Lifetime EP0493190B1 (de) 1990-12-27 1991-12-17 Schichtartig aufgebaute Mikrowellen-Streifenleitungsantenne

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US5270722A (de)
EP (1) EP0493190B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69116671T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2671234B1 (de)

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US5486836A (en) * 1995-02-16 1996-01-23 Motorola, Inc. Method, dual rectangular patch antenna system and radio for providing isolation and diversity
US5709832A (en) * 1995-06-02 1998-01-20 Ericsson Inc. Method of manufacturing a printed antenna
WO1996038879A1 (en) * 1995-06-02 1996-12-05 Ericsson Inc. Printed monopole antenna
BR9608617A (pt) * 1995-06-02 1999-05-04 Ericsson Ge Mobile Inc Antena monopolo impressa
DE19535962C1 (de) * 1995-09-27 1997-02-13 Siemens Ag Dopplerradarmodul
US6011517A (en) * 1997-09-15 2000-01-04 Matsushita Communication Industrial Corporation Of U.S.A. Supporting and holding device for strip metal RF antenna
US6259407B1 (en) * 1999-02-19 2001-07-10 Allen Tran Uniplanar dual strip antenna
US6118406A (en) * 1998-12-21 2000-09-12 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Broadband direct fed phased array antenna comprising stacked patches
DE10037386A1 (de) 2000-08-01 2002-02-14 Bosch Gmbh Robert Kombiniertes Empfänger- und Transpondermodul
US6433747B1 (en) * 2001-06-08 2002-08-13 Centurion Wireless Technologies, Inc. Integrated PIFA having an embedded connector on the radome thereof
GB2383470B (en) * 2001-11-12 2004-04-28 Transense Technologies Plc Self contained radio apparatus for transmission of data
JP4323413B2 (ja) * 2004-11-05 2009-09-02 新光電気工業株式会社 パッチアンテナ、アレイアンテナおよびそれを備えた実装基板
US7333059B2 (en) * 2005-07-27 2008-02-19 Agc Automotive Americas R&D, Inc. Compact circularly-polarized patch antenna
US7545333B2 (en) * 2006-03-16 2009-06-09 Agc Automotive Americas R&D Multiple-layer patch antenna
EP1933419A1 (de) * 2006-12-15 2008-06-18 Seiko Epson Corporation Mehrfachspeisungsverfahren für IC-kompatible mehrschichtige Planarantennen und IC-kompatible mehrschichtige Planarantenne mit mehreren Einspeisungspunkten
US8130149B2 (en) * 2008-10-24 2012-03-06 Lockheed Martin Corporation Wideband strip fed patch antenna
US8754819B2 (en) * 2010-03-12 2014-06-17 Agc Automotive Americas R&D, Inc. Antenna system including a circularly polarized antenna
TWI481205B (zh) * 2013-01-21 2015-04-11 Wistron Neweb Corp 微帶天線收發器
TWI533513B (zh) 2014-03-04 2016-05-11 啟碁科技股份有限公司 平板雙極化天線
US10439266B2 (en) * 2014-11-03 2019-10-08 Amotech Co., Ltd. Wideband patch antenna module
TWI563804B (en) 2015-01-21 2016-12-21 Wistron Neweb Corp Microstrip antenna transceiver
CN112952366B (zh) * 2019-01-31 2022-09-02 展讯通信（上海）有限公司 贴片天线单元以及封装天线结构

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US4089003A (en) * 1977-02-07 1978-05-09 Motorola, Inc. Multifrequency microstrip antenna
IT1209322B (it) * 1979-05-30 1989-07-16 Siemens Ag Transponder a radar secondario.
US4410891A (en) * 1979-12-14 1983-10-18 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Microstrip antenna with polarization diversity
JPS5829203A (ja) * 1981-08-17 1983-02-21 Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> 多層形マイクロストリップダイバ−シチアンテナ
US4500887A (en) * 1982-09-30 1985-02-19 General Electric Company Microstrip notch antenna
JPS6215902A (ja) * 1985-07-15 1987-01-24 Yagi Antenna Co Ltd 一次放射器及びこれを備えたコンバ−タ

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0493190A1 (de) 1992-07-01
FR2671234A1 (fr) 1992-07-03
DE69116671D1 (de) 1996-03-07
DE69116671T2 (de) 1996-06-27
US5270722A (en) 1993-12-14
FR2671234B1 (fr) 1993-07-30

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