EP0477102A1 - Richtnetzwerk mit benachbarten Strahlerelementen für Funkübertragungssystem und Einheit mit einem derartigen Richtnetzwerk - Google Patents

Richtnetzwerk mit benachbarten Strahlerelementen für Funkübertragungssystem und Einheit mit einem derartigen Richtnetzwerk Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0477102A1
EP0477102A1 EP91402498A EP91402498A EP0477102A1 EP 0477102 A1 EP0477102 A1 EP 0477102A1 EP 91402498 A EP91402498 A EP 91402498A EP 91402498 A EP91402498 A EP 91402498A EP 0477102 A1 EP0477102 A1 EP 0477102A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
line
network
radiating
slot
main
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP91402498A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0477102B1 (de
Inventor
Mostafa Jelloul
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TECHNIQUE D'APPLICATION ET DE RECHERCHE ELECTRONIQUE Ste
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TECHNIQUE D'APPLICATION ET DE RECHERCHE ELECTRONIQUE Ste
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/08—Radiating ends of two-conductor microwave transmission lines, e.g. of coaxial lines, of microstrip lines
    • H01Q13/085—Slot-line radiating ends
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/08—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a rectilinear path

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a directional network for radiocommunications, consisting of a plurality of N adjacent radiating elements, connected in series by a main line and spaced apart by a wavelength in said main line. It also relates to a set of such directive networks.
  • the invention finds a particularly advantageous application in the field of radiocommunication antennas in the UHF band and even in the X band, when high directivity in the network plane and low directivity in the perpendicular plane are sought.
  • the plane of strong directivity will be the site plan
  • the perpendicular plane of weak directivity will be the azimuth plane.
  • a directive network for radiocommunications is known from the state of the art in accordance with the preamble, in which the adjacent radiating elements are four collinear half-wave dipoles supplied in series by a main line of impedance Zc.
  • ZT is the impedance seen at the input of the secondary lines connecting the main line to the dipoles
  • the main line can only be two-wire, because of the series supply. However, these lines have more power losses and above all radiate a large parasitic field. This is one of the drawbacks of this known directional network, another being linked to the difficulty of making the junction or transition between the high impedance two-wire main line and the low impedance coaxial secondary lines.
  • the dipoles can be supplied directly two by two by dividers by two, or one by one by a single divider by four.
  • This conventional solution has the advantage of simplicity in terms of design and can give satisfactory radio performance.
  • it has a high manufacturing cost (suitable and symmetrical dipoles with interface for attachment to a reflective mast for example) and supply of components (numerous cables and connectors, power dividers).
  • the technical problem to be solved by the object of the present invention is to propose a directive network for radiocommunications conforming to the preamble which would make it possible to obtain, in a simple and inexpensive manner, good radioelectric characteristics, free in particular of power losses. and stray radiation.
  • said directional network consists of an insulating substrate on a first face of which are disposed, along a first direction, adjacent radiating elements produced in thin metallic layers, each radiating element comprising a radiating slit which, from a short-circuited secondary line with slit of axis perpendicular to said first direction and parallel to a second direction, called main direction of propagation, widens linearly on both sides other of said axis, in that each radiating element is isolated from an adjacent element by a line with a quarter-wave slit short-circuited for decoupling, and in that said main line is a coaxial cable substantially perpendicular to each secondary line slot and provided with a central core and an external conductive sheath, the sheath of said coaxial cable being stripped at the level of each secondary line over a length substantially equal to the width of said secondary line and connected to two points of attack of said secondary line for the first N-1 radiating elements, and the
  • each radiating element comprises a capacitor constituted by a thin metallic layer deposited on a second face of the substrate, opposite to said first face.
  • This arrangement makes it possible to group the ZT impedance of a radiating element around the value 50 / N.
  • two adaptation lines are arranged on either side of said radiating slot.
  • the radiating elements are spaced apart by a wavelength in the main line, the radiating elements emit, or receive, in phase.
  • the main direction of propagation is then perpendicular to the first direction defined by the alignment of the elements along the network. It is nevertheless possible, using the directional network according to the invention, to transmit, or receive, a signal in any direction in the site map.
  • a phase shift is applied to each radiating element so as to define in the plane of said first and second directions a secondary direction of propagation different from said main direction.
  • Figure 1 is a side view of a directional network with adjacent radiating elements, according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a side view of a current radiating element constituting the directional network of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3a is a front view of the radiating element of FIG. 2.
  • Figure 3b is a front view of the last radiating element.
  • FIG. 4 is an equivalent electrical diagram of the directive network of FIG. 1.
  • Figures 5 and 6 show diagrams taken in the horizontal plane, at the central frequency of the band, corresponding respectively to the main and cross polarizations.
  • Figures 7 and 8 show diagrams taken in the vertical plane, at the central frequency of the band, corresponding respectively to the main and cross polarizations.
  • Figure 9 is a perspective view of a set of directional networks according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows, in side view, a directive network 10 for radiocommunications, fixed for example to a cylindrical or square mast 100 serving as a support and possibly a reflector for the network so as to conform the directivity in the horizontal plane to the intended application.
  • the radiating elements 200 i are spaced by a wavelength ⁇ g in the main line 300, also called guided wavelength.
  • the guided wavelength ⁇ g for a cable with teflon dielectric is approximately 0.7 ⁇ or 224 mm.
  • FIGS 1, 2 and 3 show that said directional network consists of an insulating substrate 400, made of epoxy glass for example, on a first face of which are arranged, along a first direction D1, the radiating elements 200 i produced in thin metal layers, using printed circuit technology.
  • Each radiating element 200 i comprises a radiating slot 210 i which, from a short-circuited secondary line 220 i with slot of axis d 2i perpendicular to the first direction D1 and parallel to a second direction D2, called main direction of propagation, flares linearly on both sides of said axis d 2i .
  • each element 200 i has at least one line 230 i with quarter-wave slot short-circuited for decoupling.
  • the thin film technology used as well as the configuration chosen for the radiant slit 210 i and the secondary line 220 i with short-circuited slit make it possible to obtain a relatively low slit impedance Zf which makes it possible to use a semi coaxial cable.
  • -rigid classic as secondary line 300 said coaxial cable being provided with a central core 320 and an outer conductive sheath 310.
  • each radiating element 220 i comprises a capacitor 240 i constituted by a thin metallic layer disposed on a second face of the insulating substrate 400, opposite said first face, at the location of the attack points A, B of the secondary line 220 i .
  • This capacitor with a few picofarads of capacitance, has an impedance Z1, in parallel with the slit impedance Zf, as indicated by the equivalent diagram in FIG. 4.
  • stubs of adaptation 251 i and 252 i on either side of the radiating slot 210 i .
  • these two adaptation stubs have a length equal to or slightly greater than ⁇ / 4.
  • the adaptation lines 251 i and 252 i can be folded symmetrically so as to avoid the creation of a parasitic cross field.
  • the Z2 impedance produced by the adaptation stubs helps to adapt the ZT impedance seen at the input of the secondary lines.
  • a quarter-wave transformer 500 of adequate ratio, preferably low, is placed at the end of the main line 300.
  • the directional network according to the invention takes on the appearance of a metallized substrate plate of very small thickness, the height of which is of the order of N ⁇ g and the width of which is substantially greater than or equal to ⁇ g / 4.
  • the transition between the coaxial cable and the slotted secondary line 220 i is obtained, as shown in FIG. 3a, by stripping the sheath 310 of the cable at each secondary line over a length substantially equal to the width. of said secondary line and by welding, for example, said sheath in two points of attack A, B of said secondary line for the first N-1 radiating elements.
  • FIG. 3b shows that the sheath 310 and the central core 320 are respectively connected to the points of attack A and B so as to produce a short circuit at the end of the line and thus electrically close the circuit.
  • Figures 5 and 6 show the diagrams noted by the Applicant in the horizontal plane at the central frequency Fo of the band for respectively main and cross polarizations.
  • the directivity of the main diagrams is low, the attenuation to ⁇ 90 ° of the main direction of radiation being only of the order of 5 dB, which is for example very favorable to the omnidirectionality of the horizontal diagrams in a circular network association of several (2, 4 or 8) directional networks according to the invention.
  • Figures 7 and 8 show, similarly, the diagrams recorded at the central frequency Fo in the vertical plane D1, D2 containing the network, for respectively main and cross polarizations. It should be noted that the cross polarization is dilated by 10 dB compared to the corresponding main polarization. Examination of these vertical diagrams shows that the 3 dB opening of the beam is close to 17 °, which corresponds to the well known approximate formula: ⁇ 3db # 51 ⁇ L L being the total length of the directional network.
  • a deviation of the beam from the horizon is foreseeable due to the very principle of the series connection of the radiating elements.
  • Fo the depointing is zero because all the slits are in phase and the wavefront is vertical.
  • the network according to the invention is not a traveling wave but rather a standing wave and the inclination of the wavefront is less, depending in fact on the individual impedances of the slots, the couplings between the slots and others. diffraction phenomena.
  • the main direction of propagation D2 is perpendicular to the direction D1 of the network.
  • D1 the direction of propagation in the plane D1, D2 (vertical plane)
  • Figure 9 shows a set of P directional networks 10 j with j varying from 1 to P arranged in a parallel and equidistant from each other.
  • a phase shift is applied to each main line 300 j .
  • An azimuth scan is obtained by electronically varying this phase shift.
  • the isotropic gain of a directional array according to the invention was measured by comparison with a standard antenna.
  • the gain value is very close to 10 dBi. This is explained simply by the fact that four aligned radiating elements, each having approximately 2 dBi of gain, and forming a linear network arranged at a quarter wave distance in front of a reflective mast providing an additional gain close to 3dBi, provide a gain 11 dBi. If one takes into account the technological losses and losses by reflection at the entrance of the network and, on the other hand, that the reflective mast is not infinite, one justifies the measured value.

Landscapes

  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
EP91402498A 1990-09-21 1991-09-19 Richtnetzwerk mit benachbarten Strahlerelementen für Funkübertragungssystem und Einheit mit einem derartigen Richtnetzwerk Expired - Lifetime EP0477102B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9011672 1990-09-21
FR9011672A FR2667198B1 (fr) 1990-09-21 1990-09-21 Reseau directif pour radiocommunications, a elements rayonnants adjacents et ensemble de tels reseaux directifs.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0477102A1 true EP0477102A1 (de) 1992-03-25
EP0477102B1 EP0477102B1 (de) 1995-03-15

Family

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EP91402498A Expired - Lifetime EP0477102B1 (de) 1990-09-21 1991-09-19 Richtnetzwerk mit benachbarten Strahlerelementen für Funkübertragungssystem und Einheit mit einem derartigen Richtnetzwerk

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US5202698A (de)
EP (1) EP0477102B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69108155T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2667198B1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU738482B2 (en) * 1997-07-29 2001-09-20 Alcatel An arrangement for the transmission, radiation and reception of radio frequency signals

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5309165A (en) * 1992-05-09 1994-05-03 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Positioner with corner contacts for cross notch array and improved radiator elements
EP1952482A2 (de) * 2005-11-23 2008-08-06 Selex Sensors and Airborne Systems Limited Antennen
US7719385B2 (en) * 2006-09-28 2010-05-18 Sunwoo Communication Co., Ltd Method and divider for dividing power for array antenna and antenna device using the divider
US9155531B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2015-10-13 Smith & Nephew, Inc. Miniaturized dual drive open architecture suture anchor
TWM568509U (zh) * 2018-07-12 2018-10-11 明泰科技股份有限公司 具有低姿勢與雙頻高隔離度之天線模組

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1565266A1 (de) * 1965-06-18 1970-02-05 Fried. Krupp Gmbh, 4300 Essen Querstrahler
US4353072A (en) * 1980-11-24 1982-10-05 Raytheon Company Circularly polarized radio frequency antenna
EP0257881A2 (de) * 1986-08-29 1988-03-02 Decca Limited Geschlitzte Hohlleiterantenne und ihre Anordnung in der Gruppe
EP0349069A1 (de) * 1988-06-29 1990-01-03 Philips Electronics Uk Limited Dual polarisierte phasengesteuerte Gruppenantenne

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2490026A1 (fr) * 1980-09-09 1982-03-12 Thomson Csf Antenne reseau non dispersive et son application a la realisation d'une antenne a balayage electronique
US4843403A (en) * 1987-07-29 1989-06-27 Ball Corporation Broadband notch antenna
US5023623A (en) * 1989-12-21 1991-06-11 Hughes Aircraft Company Dual mode antenna apparatus having slotted waveguide and broadband arrays

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1565266A1 (de) * 1965-06-18 1970-02-05 Fried. Krupp Gmbh, 4300 Essen Querstrahler
US4353072A (en) * 1980-11-24 1982-10-05 Raytheon Company Circularly polarized radio frequency antenna
EP0257881A2 (de) * 1986-08-29 1988-03-02 Decca Limited Geschlitzte Hohlleiterantenne und ihre Anordnung in der Gruppe
EP0349069A1 (de) * 1988-06-29 1990-01-03 Philips Electronics Uk Limited Dual polarisierte phasengesteuerte Gruppenantenne

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU738482B2 (en) * 1997-07-29 2001-09-20 Alcatel An arrangement for the transmission, radiation and reception of radio frequency signals

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5202698A (en) 1993-04-13
FR2667198A1 (fr) 1992-03-27
FR2667198B1 (fr) 1993-08-13
EP0477102B1 (de) 1995-03-15
DE69108155T2 (de) 1995-09-21
DE69108155D1 (de) 1995-04-20

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