EP0133178A2 - Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung für Zweitaktmotoren - Google Patents

Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung für Zweitaktmotoren Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0133178A2
EP0133178A2 EP84870104A EP84870104A EP0133178A2 EP 0133178 A2 EP0133178 A2 EP 0133178A2 EP 84870104 A EP84870104 A EP 84870104A EP 84870104 A EP84870104 A EP 84870104A EP 0133178 A2 EP0133178 A2 EP 0133178A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chamber
fuel
piston
injection device
compartment
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP84870104A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0133178A3 (de
Inventor
Hubert J. F. Antoine
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from BE0/211260A external-priority patent/BE897407A/fr
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0133178A2 publication Critical patent/EP0133178A2/de
Publication of EP0133178A3 publication Critical patent/EP0133178A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M69/00—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel
    • F02M69/10—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel peculiar to scavenged two-stroke engines, e.g. injecting into crankcase-pump chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/04—Feeding by means of driven pumps
    • F02M37/12—Feeding by means of driven pumps fluid-driven, e.g. by compressed combustion-air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/02—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type
    • F02M59/10—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type characterised by the piston-drive
    • F02M59/107—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type characterised by the piston-drive pneumatic drive, e.g. crankcase pressure drive
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
    • F02B2075/022—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle
    • F02B2075/025—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle two

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for injecting fuel into a two-stroke engine with precompression in the crankcase and positive ignition.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a fuel injection device of simple construction which makes it possible to dose the quantity of fuel injected in proportion to the quantity of air drawn into the engine at each cycle.
  • an injection device characterized by a pump body comprising a first chamber in communication with the external atmosphere and communicating with the air intake pipe or the pipe. exhaust; a second chamber communicating with the precompression casing of the engine, said second chamber being separated from the first chamber by a movable wall secured to a support held by a spring; a piston pressing on the support and sliding axially in a channel when the movable wall moves the support; and a third chamber having an opening communicating with the fuel inlet pipe and an opening connected by a pipe to a fuel injector opening into the engine cylinder in a substantially radial direction so as to spray the fuel onto the stream or streams of scanning.
  • the third chamber is arranged at the end of said channel so that when the movable wall moves the support, one end of the piston moves by varying the pressure prevailing in the third chamber in order to suck up a dose of fuel when the wall mobile compresses the spring and delivers a dose of fuel to the injector when the spring is relaxed.
  • Means are provided for adjusting the stress of said spring in order to be able to adjust the injection device.
  • the injection device is integrated into the engine cylinder in a compact construction.
  • the pump body then has a generally cylindrical projection forming a housing for the injector and a discharge valve arranged coaxially in alignment with the longitudinal axis of the injection piston, said projection comprising means for fixing the device. injection on the engine cylinder in a substantially radial direction.
  • An alternative embodiment also incorporates a booster pump.
  • a booster pump This consists of a compact block screwed under the body of the injection device.
  • the underside of the body of the injection device is formed with a cavity into which opens a duct which communicates with the air intake duct of the casing.
  • the body of the booster pump is formed with a compartment which faces said cavity and is separated from it by a flexible membrane.
  • the compartment of the booster pump body communicates with the fuel supply line by an intake valve closed by a movable tongue cut out from the flexible membrane. It also has a tab which closes a discharge valve communicating with the fuel supply pipe in the fuel chamber of the injection device.
  • the fuel injection device makes it possible to obtain an appreciable reduction in fuel consumption and overload, a remarkable reduction in pollution which makes the two-stroke engine more attractive.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 we see a two-stroke engine cylinder 1 with its piston 2, the pre-compression housing 3, the transfer channel 4, the air intake port 6 communicating with the pipe intake 5, the exhaust pipe 8 of the combined gases and a fuel injector 9.
  • the injector 9 is supplied with fuel by an injection device according to the invention designated as a whole by the reference 10 and which receives the fuel a reservoir 50 via a booster pump 30.
  • FIG. 2 which shows an exemplary embodiment, the injection device 10 according to the invention, is attached to the p removed from the cylinder 1 and its arrangement is returned with respect to that of the schematic view of FIG. 1.
  • the injection device 10 is arranged to send to the injector 9 a rigorously controlled dose of fuel in proportion to the quantity of air drawn into the cylinder 1.
  • This injection device comprises a body comprising a first chamber 11 which is located in communication with the outside atmosphere by a vent hole 14 and with the air intake pipe 5 by a tube 17 and a nozzle 18 which opens into the pipe 5 downstream of the adjusting butterfly valve 7.
  • a second chamber 12, separated from the first chamber 11 by a sealed mobile wall 21, communicates with the precompression housing 3 by a conduit 19.
  • a third chamber 13 receives the fuel from the booster pump 30 by the conduit 26 through a check valve. admission 25 and it communicates to through a discharge valve 27 with a pipe 28 supplying the injector 9 with fuel.
  • the movable wall 21 which can for example simply be a flexible waterproof membrane, cooperates in its middle with a support head 22 held by a prestressing spring 15, the other end of which rests on a stop 16 cooperating with a screw.
  • adjustment 42 used to adjust the spring preload 15.
  • the body of the injection device 10 comprises a channel 23 in which is housed a piston 20 having an end which is held against the support head 22 of the movable wall 21 or against the movable wall itself by the spring 24, this piston extending in the channel 23 so that its free end arrives in the fuel chamber 13.
  • the piston 2 When, during the expansion time, the piston 2 descends into the cylinder 1, it compresses the fresh gases in the casing 3 and creates an increase in pressure there which is proportional to the amount of air introduced into the cylinder during the previous cycle and which is in principle equal to the quantity of air in the cycle considered.
  • the increase in pressure in the casing 3 is communicated in the compression chamber 12 of the injection device 10 via the conduit 19 and this increase in pressure is applied to the wall 21 which moves and compresses the spring 15 until the tension of the latter balances the pressure prevailing in said compression chamber 12.
  • the displacement of the movable wall 21 causes the piston 20 which slides in the channel 23 creating in the fuel chamber 13, a depression which a fuel dose is drawn into the chamber as a function of the displacement of the piston 20 and therefore as a function of the quantity of air absorbed in the cylinder.
  • the piston 2 unmasks the light transfer and the pressure abruptly decreases in the casing 3.
  • the pressure also decreases in the compression chamber 12, the spring 15 expands and the piston 20 moves towards the fuel chamber 13 while driving back to the injector 9 the dose of fuel which had been sucked up during the previous expansion time.
  • the injection device 10 is adjusted by choosing the spring stress 15 and the active surface of the movable wall 21 so that, for a maximum value of the pressure in the precompression housing 3, the wall mobile 21 compresses the spring 15 so that the piston 20 causes the suction into the fuel chamber 13 of a dose of fuel which corresponds to a maximum opening of the gases.
  • the adjustment is then made by adjusting the tension of the spring 15 using the screw 42 so that the force exerted by the spring 15 on the movable wall 21 exactly balances the pressure of the movable wall when the gases are cut. .
  • the displacement of the piston 20 is then proportional to the pressure prevailing in the casing 3 and the dose of fuel injected is proportional to this pressure, that is to say to the quantity of air absorbed.
  • the nozzle 18 disposed in the communication pipe 17 connecting the chamber 11 to the air intake pipe 6 the dose of fuel injected is corrected as a function of the vacuum prevailing in said air intake pipe 6, which allows a possibility of correction of the richness of the fuel mixture and a better functioning of the engine at idle.
  • the injector 9 must be chosen so that it can inject the entire dose of fuel delivered by the injection device 10 into the cylinder when the piston 2 of the engine masks the injector 9 in the cylinder.
  • the preload adjusting screw 42 is advantageously associated with a button 40 armed with a return spring 43 as shown in FIG. 3.
  • the button 40 is integral with a rod 41 which passes axially through the adjusting screw 42. By pressing the button 40, the end of the rod 41 comes to bear on the support 22 against which presses the injection piston 20 and it displaces it in order to empty the fuel chamber 13.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a preferred embodiment in which the injection device 10 is integrated into the engine cylinder in a compact construction.
  • the body of the injection device 10 has a generally cylindrical projection 45 forming a housing for the injector 9 and for the discharge valve 27 which are arranged coaxially in alignment with the longitudinal axis of the injection piston 20.
  • the projection 45 externally comprises a thread 46 for mounting a sleeve 47 intended to fix the injection device 10 comprising the injector 9 on the cylinder 1 of the engine in a substantially radial direction.
  • This integrated embodiment greatly simplifies assembly since it eliminates the fittings and also significantly increases the thermal flywheel of the injector.
  • Figures 5 and 6 illustrate a particularly advantageous alternative embodiment.
  • the injection device 10 incorporates the booster pump 30.
  • This consists of a compact block screwed below the body of the injection device 10 by means of screws 38 (FIG. 5).
  • the underside of the body 10 has a cavity 31 into which opens a conduit 37 which communicates with the air intake duct of the casing 19.
  • the body 30 of the booster pump is formed with a compartment 33 which faces to the cavity 31 and is separated from it by a flexible membrane 32.
  • the compartment 33 communicates with the fuel supply line 28 by a conduit 34 and an intake valve 35 closed by a movable tongue cut out from the flexible membrane 32.
  • This membrane also has a cutout forming a tongue which closes a discharge valve 36 communicating with the conduit 25 intended to bring the fuel into the fuel chamber 13 of the injection device 10.
  • the functioning of the booster pump is conditioned by the displacement of the flexible membrane 32 in response to the pressure prevailing in the air compartment 31, which pressure is linked to the pressure prevailing in the casing 3.
  • a decrease in pressure causes the opening of the intake valve 35 by detaching the movable tongue of the flexible membrane 32 downwards, that is to say towards the compartment 33, and fuel from the tank is then admitted into the compartment 33.
  • An increase of air pressure causes the discharge valve 36 to open by detaching the tongue of the flexible membrane 32 upwards, and fuel is then discharged from the compartment 33 towards the suction valve 25 of the injection device 10.
  • the injection device according to the invention makes it possible to obtain an appreciable reduction in the fuel consumption of a two-stroke engine and, moreover, a remarkable reduction in pollution. These results have been demonstrated in the test stand rollers of a two-stroke engine cooling air of 250 cm 3 capacity.
  • This engine was equipped with an injection device as described above provided with a movable wall 50 mm in diameter with a spring preload of 17 kg per millimeter of deflection.
  • the fuel consumption and the CO content of the exhaust gases were measured at a speed of 90 km per hour with and without the injection device according to the invention.
  • the injector is chosen so that it can inject the entire dose of fuel delivered by the injection device into the cylinder when the engine piston masks the injector in the cylinder .
  • the injector 9 is fixed in an injector holder 51 (FIG. 2) so as to open radially into the cylinder 1 at a certain distance from the top dead center and set back from the bore, thus providing a small cavity 52 in the bore.
  • This arrangement has the effect of ensuring that the fuel is sprayed onto the sweeping stream (s) and that the fuel injection, rigorously metered by the injection device 10 as described above, is completed when the piston 2 goes into view of the injector 9.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the injection device 10 shown in FIG. 2. This alternative aims to adjust the quantity of petrol injected as a function of the accelerator control.
  • a first way of controlling the supply pressure of the injection pump, as a function of the throttle control, is to install an adjustable nozzle form 55 in the channel 19 between the precompression housing 3 of the engine and the chamber 12.
  • the opening of this nozzle can be controlled by the engine speed or by the accelerator control or by both. The presence of this nozzle creates a pressure difference between the crankcase and the chamber 12.
  • the engine is supplied with air constantly and independently of the throttle.
  • the quantity injected can only be acted on by direct action of the gas control on the injection pump.
  • Any intermediate position of the plug 55 determines an intermediate quantity of fuel injected between zero and the maximum.
  • the precompression cycle in the casing 3 then only serves to activate the pump and to synchronize it with the sweeping of the motor.
  • a so-called “stratified” combustion is obtained, with excess air, the injector creating a rich mixture near the spark plug which initiates combustion.
  • variable nozzle 55 may be doubled with a conduit 56 provided with a valve 57 allowing easy passage of the air from the compression chamber 12 to the casing 3 and blocking the air passage from the casing 3 to the chamber 12. This emptying of the compression chamber 12 to the casing 3 determines the injection time: by delaying this emptying, the injection time in the cycle is delayed.
  • Another way of adjusting the quantity of petrol injected by means of the gas control is to link the rotation of the screw 42 to the gas control.
  • V Surface of the injection piston x Pitch of the screw 42 x tightening angle (in degrees), divided by 360.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates another variant embodiment aiming to accelerate the injection process in a fast engine by using the pulse of the exhaust gases to increase the pressure supplied by the injection device 10 to the injector 9.
  • the chamber 11 communicates exclusively with the exhaust pipe 8 via a calibrated channel 58.
  • the pressure wave of the exhaust then acts on the membrane 21 at the time of injection and is added to the force of the spring 15 to increase the injection pressure.
  • a protective flange 59 which receives the pressure of the exhaust gases.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
EP84870104A 1983-07-28 1984-07-16 Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung für Zweitaktmotoren Withdrawn EP0133178A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE211260 1983-07-28
BE0/211260A BE897407A (fr) 1983-07-28 1983-07-28 Dispositif d'injection de carburant pour moteur a deux temps.
BE0/213014A BE899765R (fr) 1983-07-28 1984-05-28 Dispositif d'injection de carburant pour moteur a deux temps.
BE213014 1984-05-28

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0133178A2 true EP0133178A2 (de) 1985-02-13
EP0133178A3 EP0133178A3 (de) 1986-07-02

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84870104A Withdrawn EP0133178A3 (de) 1983-07-28 1984-07-16 Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung für Zweitaktmotoren

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US4627390A (de)
EP (1) EP0133178A3 (de)
BE (1) BE899765R (de)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2619418A1 (fr) * 1987-08-15 1989-02-17 Stihl Andreas Dispositif d'injection pour des moteurs deux temps d'outillages portatifs
DE3913586A1 (de) * 1988-04-26 1989-11-09 Toyota Motor Co Ltd Zweitakt-brennkraftmaschine
US5197418A (en) * 1991-09-06 1993-03-30 Andreas Stihl Fuel injection pump for a two-stroke engine
US5197417A (en) * 1991-08-02 1993-03-30 Andreas Stihl Fuel injection pump for a two-stroke engine in a work apparatus such as a motor-driven chain saw
FR2691205A1 (fr) * 1992-05-16 1993-11-19 Stihl Andreas Dispositif d'injection pour un moteur à deux temps.
FR2693766A1 (fr) * 1992-07-18 1994-01-21 Stihl Andreas Pompe à carburant pour un moteur à deux temps.
WO1998005860A1 (de) * 1996-08-02 1998-02-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffpumpvorrichtung für zweitaktmotoren mit einer zusätzlichen antriebseinheit

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
MX161732A (es) * 1985-10-07 1990-12-20 Orbital Eng Pty Metodo mejorado para el suministro de combustible en motores de combustion interna
US4771754A (en) * 1987-05-04 1988-09-20 General Motors Corporation Pneumatic direct cylinder fuel injection system
DE3727266C2 (de) * 1987-08-15 1996-05-23 Stihl Maschf Andreas Kraftstoffeinspritzvorrichtung für Zweitaktmotoren
DE3727267C2 (de) * 1987-08-15 1994-03-31 Stihl Maschf Andreas Kraftstoffeinspritzpumpe für den Zweitaktmotor eines Arbeitsgerätes, insbesondere einer Motorkettensäge
US4934346A (en) * 1989-07-10 1990-06-19 Outboard Marine Corporation Sidewall cylinder entrapment valve for internal combustion chamber
DE4142354C2 (de) * 1991-12-20 2003-04-17 Stihl Maschf Andreas Handgeführtes Arbeitsgerät mit einem Verbrennungsmotor und einer Einspritzpumpe
JP3148344B2 (ja) * 1992-03-19 2001-03-19 ヤマハ発動機株式会社 クランク室圧縮式２サイクルエンジン
JP4046412B2 (ja) * 1997-08-11 2008-02-13 ヤマハマリン株式会社 エンジンの燃料噴射装置
US6079379A (en) 1998-04-23 2000-06-27 Design & Manufacturing Solutions, Inc. Pneumatically controlled compressed air assisted fuel injection system

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB627611A (en) * 1945-12-18 1949-08-11 Solex Improvements in pneumatically-actuated diaphragm pumps for feeding fuels to internalcombustion engines
US2952252A (en) * 1959-02-24 1960-09-13 Charles F Geatty Automatic fuel injection system
FR2149826A5 (de) * 1971-08-02 1973-03-30 Dresser Investments
FR2155511A5 (de) * 1972-10-02 1973-05-18 Yamaha Motor Co Ltd
GB2010385A (en) * 1977-07-06 1979-06-27 Richardson P Pump

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3707143A (en) * 1970-07-27 1972-12-26 Textron Inc Fuel injection system for two cycle engine
US3800754A (en) * 1970-07-27 1974-04-02 Textron Inc Engine fuel injection system
JPS5037806B1 (de) * 1971-03-10 1975-12-05
BE792343A (fr) * 1972-12-06 1973-03-30 Antoine Hubert J F Dispositif d'alimentation pour moteur a deux temps.
US3967606A (en) * 1974-06-19 1976-07-06 Perry John C Fuel pump for internal combustion engines
DE2742797A1 (de) * 1977-09-23 1979-04-05 Bosch Gmbh Robert Kraftstoffeinspritzanlage
JPS56146056A (en) * 1980-04-14 1981-11-13 Nippon Denso Co Ltd Fuel injection device
US4482094A (en) * 1983-09-06 1984-11-13 General Motors Corporation Electromagnetic unit fuel injector

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB627611A (en) * 1945-12-18 1949-08-11 Solex Improvements in pneumatically-actuated diaphragm pumps for feeding fuels to internalcombustion engines
US2952252A (en) * 1959-02-24 1960-09-13 Charles F Geatty Automatic fuel injection system
FR2149826A5 (de) * 1971-08-02 1973-03-30 Dresser Investments
FR2155511A5 (de) * 1972-10-02 1973-05-18 Yamaha Motor Co Ltd
GB2010385A (en) * 1977-07-06 1979-06-27 Richardson P Pump

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2619418A1 (fr) * 1987-08-15 1989-02-17 Stihl Andreas Dispositif d'injection pour des moteurs deux temps d'outillages portatifs
DE3913586A1 (de) * 1988-04-26 1989-11-09 Toyota Motor Co Ltd Zweitakt-brennkraftmaschine
US5197417A (en) * 1991-08-02 1993-03-30 Andreas Stihl Fuel injection pump for a two-stroke engine in a work apparatus such as a motor-driven chain saw
US5197418A (en) * 1991-09-06 1993-03-30 Andreas Stihl Fuel injection pump for a two-stroke engine
FR2691205A1 (fr) * 1992-05-16 1993-11-19 Stihl Andreas Dispositif d'injection pour un moteur à deux temps.
FR2693766A1 (fr) * 1992-07-18 1994-01-21 Stihl Andreas Pompe à carburant pour un moteur à deux temps.
WO1998005860A1 (de) * 1996-08-02 1998-02-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffpumpvorrichtung für zweitaktmotoren mit einer zusätzlichen antriebseinheit

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE899765R (fr) 1984-09-17
EP0133178A3 (de) 1986-07-02
US4627390A (en) 1986-12-09

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