Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L11/00—Manufacture of firelighters
  • C10L11/04—Manufacture of firelighters consisting of combustible material

Definitions

• Prepared fire starters can be classified into three categories according to whether they are in solid form, liquid form or gelled form.
• Solid fire starters are themselves separable into two classes according to whether they contain or do not contain liquid fuel.
• the porous substrates are most often cellulose, or wood agglomerates, the polymer matrices of urea-formaldehyde or phenol-formaldehyde resins.
• Liquid fuels are generally hydrocarbons, low molecular weight alcohols and their mixtures.
• solid fire starters do not contain liquid fuels, they simply consist of one or more solid fuels at room temperature. This is the case of metaformaldehyde cubes or even wax or paraffin bars.
• Liquid fire starters are most often formed by one or more hydrocarbons, by one or more alcohols or by mixtures of alcohols or hydrocarbons.
• Gelled fire starters are basically made up of one or more compounds with one or more alcohol functions, such as ethyl alcohol or butyl glycol, one or more hydrocarbons, or mixtures of these two classes of associated products. optionally with a solvent of very polar nature such as water. Gelation is generally obtained by the addition of long-chain organo-metallic salts, silica with high absorption power or organic polymers effective in very polar media.
• solid fire starters when solid fire starters contain liquid fuels, they must be packaged in films ensuring an effective barrier against evaporation. This barrier is never perfect. storing these types of fire starters is not safe, especially during hot periods of the year.
• Liquid fire starters are most often made up of a single component.
• This component is either a hydrocarbon or a low molecular weight alcohol.
• mixtures of liquid fuels or solutions of a solid fuel such as wax or paraffin are often used in a fuel acting as a solvent.
• Liquid fire starters do not have the same technical drawbacks as solid fire starters because they can easily be distributed over a large area of solid fuel which is to be ignited. However, they still have major drawbacks. First of all, they are dangerous for the user due to the often very low flash points, further subjecting the marketing of these products to special labeling which is an important obstacle to their marketing.
• combustion improvement additives which is nevertheless particularly effective and therefore desirable in the case of a liquid fire starter, is made difficult because of the insolubility or very low solubility of the most effective additives. in the liquid compositions generally used. This is particularly the case for combustion catalysts based on heavy metals and peroxides mainly when they are in the form of mineral salts.
• Fire starters in gelled form are usually packaged in sachets or bottles so as to be poured onto the solid fuel to be ignited.
• sachets In the form of dose sachets, they have the same technical drawbacks as solids since they only allow one-off ignition of the fuel, while not presenting the same dangers during storage, their packaging being generally sealed.
• bottles can be distributed on solid fuel in the same way as liquids but then have the disadvantage of remaining on the surface of the fuel without penetrating it, thus making it possible to obtain a low efficiency.
• the present invention therefore relates to the production of an improved liquid fire starter for safety and usable for the ignition of all solid fuels.
• This fire starter is characterized in that it comprises at least two constituents A and B as defined below and that it can also contain at least one of the two additives C and D as also defined below , the assembly constituting a stable liquid under normal storage conditions.
• a / Component A comprises a compound or a mixture of compounds having the general formula: with n, a, b and m equal or different representing values between 1 and 12.
• the compounds which are particularly useful in the production of fire starters according to the invention are the methyl and ethyl, ethyl, propyl or butyl mono and di-ethers of mono- and polyethylenes and mono- and polypropylene glycols.
• This constituent A can contain organometallic additives among which mention may be made of fatty soaps of metals and organic complexes of metals.
• organic peroxides there may be mentioned, without this list being limiting, peroxides derived from aldehydes, ketones, esters, alkyl hydroperoxides and the like.
• mineral additives there may be mentioned, without this list being limiting, chlorates, perchlorates and nitrates of alkali or alkaline-earth metals.
• Component A can also contain surfactants.
• surfactants preference will be given to those which make it possible to obtain a final product in the form of a fluid solution, stable under normal conditions of storage and use.
• Component B comprises one or more mineral salts or complexes of the transition metals.
• the compounds particularly useful in the production of a fire starter of the invention are the salts and mineral complexes of the metals of column 1 b according to the periodic classification of the elements according to Mendeursev, namely the mineral salts and complexes of copper , silver and gold.
• Additive C mainly consists of water. It may also contain one or more mineral salts or complexes of the transition metals as defined above, within the limit of their solubility.
• This additive can also contain other mineral compounds such as chlorates, perchlorates and nitrates of alkali or alkaline earth metals. It can also contain one or more surfactants chosen so as to obtain a final product in the form of a stable fluid solution under normal conditions of storage and use.
• Additive D mainly consists of a hydrocarbon.
• This additive can also contain one or more organic additives or organic peroxides as defined under A. It can also contain one or more surfactants chosen to allow the production of a final product in the form of a fluid solution stable under normal conditions of storage and use.
• the weight proportions w, x, y, z in the various combinations AB, ABC, ABD, ABCD are easily determined in each case by those skilled in the art by establishing the corresponding binary, ternary or quaternary diagram delimiting the zones of stability of the composition.
• a liquid composition is considered to be stable when it does not exhibit phase separation in the formulation.
• a fire starter that can be used under normal lighting conditions at a temperature above its flash point must be considered dangerous.
• the AFNOR T 60-103 device was used with a Luchaire cutter with cover for the measurement of flash points.
• a regular shaped agglomerated charcoal ball weighing 39 ⁇ 1 g was chosen as fuel. It is weighed before and after immersion for 5 minutes in a fire starter solution. Note the amount of fire starter absorbed. The ball thus impregnated is then ignited and its weight loss is followed for 30 minutes from the time when the quantity of absorbed fire starter has theoretically burned.
• a fire starter is prepared according to the formula: Monoethyl ether of monoethylene glycol: 90 parts by weight said below butyl glycol
• Cupric chloride (dihydrate) 10 parts by weight
• This fire starter is compared to those of butylglycol alone.
• the results show the excellent ignition performance obtained.
• the 70 ° C flash point guarantees safety in use under normal conditions.
• This fire starter is compared to those of "Shellsol K” alone, butylglycolseul and the mixture of these two solvents (50% / 50%).
• the flash point of 64 ° C maintains a sufficient degree of security for normal conditions of use.
• the performance obtained is greatly improved compared to the products used alone and to their mixture.
• This fire starter is compared with those of butylglycol alone, Shellsol K alone and the mixture of the two solvents (50% / 50%).
• This table illustrates the excellent results obtained, both in terms of safety since the flash point no longer exists, thus eliminating any explosion explosion of the product vapors when sprayed on embers for example, as in terms of ignition efficiency since the performance obtained is superior to that of a conventional additive.
• Viscosity (Brookfield RVT viscometer; needle No. 3; 20 revolutions per minute) 1,200 mPas (centipoises)
• Weight loss 1 g (burning of the ball erred after 5 minutes).
• This fire starter is compared to those of a butylglycol / water / "Shellsol K" (47.5 / 5 / 47.5) mixture without additives.
• the results show the excellent performance obtained with the composition according to the invention.
• the flash point is higher than normal temperatures for using a fire starter.
• This fire starter is compared to those of a butylglycol / water / "Shellsol K" (47.5 / 5 / 47.5) mixture without additives.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
• Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
• Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
• Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
• Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
• Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
• Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
• Compounds Of Unknown Constitution (AREA)
• Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)

Priority Applications (1)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

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• 1983
  • 1983-05-10 FR FR8307773A patent/FR2545833B1/fr not_active Expired
• 1984
  • 1984-04-30 ZA ZA843206A patent/ZA843206B/xx unknown
  • 1984-05-08 GR GR74642A patent/GR82090B/el unknown
  • 1984-05-08 PT PT78560A patent/PT78560B/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1984-05-09 AU AU27832/84A patent/AU564262B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1984-05-09 IE IE1148/84A patent/IE57371B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1984-05-09 DK DK229784A patent/DK165122C/da not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1984-05-09 AT AT84400933T patent/ATE23358T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1984-05-09 NZ NZ208115A patent/NZ208115A/en unknown
  • 1984-05-09 DE DE8484400933T patent/DE3461198D1/de not_active Expired
  • 1984-05-09 EP EP84400933A patent/EP0128788B1/fr not_active Expired

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