EP0128788B1 - Safe liquid composition for the ignition of solid fuels - Google Patents

Safe liquid composition for the ignition of solid fuels Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0128788B1
EP0128788B1 EP84400933A EP84400933A EP0128788B1 EP 0128788 B1 EP0128788 B1 EP 0128788B1 EP 84400933 A EP84400933 A EP 84400933A EP 84400933 A EP84400933 A EP 84400933A EP 0128788 B1 EP0128788 B1 EP 0128788B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
composition
accordance
compound
weight
radical
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EP84400933A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0128788A1 (en
Inventor
Richard Weiss
Dominique Chauffour
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Reckitt Benckiser France SAS
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Reckitt and Colman SA
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Priority to AT84400933T priority Critical patent/ATE23358T1/en
Publication of EP0128788A1 publication Critical patent/EP0128788A1/en
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L11/00—Manufacture of firelighters
    • C10L11/04—Manufacture of firelighters consisting of combustible material

Definitions

  • Prepared fire starters can be classified into three categories according to whether they are in solid form, liquid form or gelled form.
  • Solid fire starters are themselves separable into two classes according to whether they contain or do not contain liquid fuel.
  • the porous substrates are most often cellulose, or wood agglomerates, the polymer matrices of urea-formaldehyde or phenol-formaldehyde resins.
  • Liquid fuels are generally hydrocarbons, low molecular weight alcohols and their mixtures.
  • solid fire starters do not contain liquid fuels, they simply consist of one or more solid fuels at room temperature. This is the case of metaformaldehyde cubes or even wax or paraffin bars.
  • Liquid fire starters are most often formed by one or more hydrocarbons, by one or more alcohols or by mixtures of alcohols or hydrocarbons.
  • Gelled fire starters are basically made up of one or more compounds with one or more alcohol functions, such as ethyl alcohol or butyl glycol, one or more hydrocarbons, or mixtures of these two classes of associated products. optionally with a solvent of very polar nature such as water. Gelation is generally obtained by the addition of long-chain organo-metallic salts, silica with high absorption power or organic polymers effective in very polar media.
  • solid fire starters when solid fire starters contain liquid fuels, they must be packaged in films ensuring an effective barrier against evaporation. This barrier is never perfect. storing these types of fire starters is not safe, especially during hot periods of the year.
  • Liquid fire starters are most often made up of a single component.
  • This component is either a hydrocarbon or a low molecular weight alcohol.
  • mixtures of liquid fuels or solutions of a solid fuel such as wax or paraffin are often used in a fuel acting as a solvent.
  • Liquid fire starters do not have the same technical drawbacks as solid fire starters because they can easily be distributed over a large area of solid fuel which is to be ignited. However, they still have major drawbacks. First of all, they are dangerous for the user due to the often very low flash points, further subjecting the marketing of these products to special labeling which is an important obstacle to their marketing.
  • combustion improvement additives which is nevertheless particularly effective and therefore desirable in the case of a liquid fire starter, is made difficult because of the insolubility or very low solubility of the most effective additives. in the liquid compositions generally used. This is particularly the case for combustion catalysts based on heavy metals and peroxides mainly when they are in the form of mineral salts.
  • Fire starters in gelled form are usually packaged in sachets or bottles so as to be poured onto the solid fuel to be ignited.
  • sachets In the form of dose sachets, they have the same technical drawbacks as solids since they only allow one-off ignition of the fuel, while not presenting the same dangers during storage, their packaging being generally sealed.
  • bottles can be distributed on solid fuel in the same way as liquids but then have the disadvantage of remaining on the surface of the fuel without penetrating it, thus making it possible to obtain a low efficiency.
  • the present invention therefore relates to the production of an improved liquid fire starter for safety and usable for the ignition of all solid fuels.
  • This fire starter is characterized in that it comprises at least two constituents A and B as defined below and that it can also contain at least one of the two additives C and D as also defined below , the assembly constituting a stable liquid under normal storage conditions.
  • a / Component A comprises a compound or a mixture of compounds having the general formula: with n, a, b and m equal or different representing values between 1 and 12.
  • the compounds which are particularly useful in the production of fire starters according to the invention are the methyl and ethyl, ethyl, propyl or butyl mono and di-ethers of mono- and polyethylenes and mono- and polypropylene glycols.
  • This constituent A can contain organometallic additives among which mention may be made of fatty soaps of metals and organic complexes of metals.
  • organic peroxides there may be mentioned, without this list being limiting, peroxides derived from aldehydes, ketones, esters, alkyl hydroperoxides and the like.
  • mineral additives there may be mentioned, without this list being limiting, chlorates, perchlorates and nitrates of alkali or alkaline-earth metals.
  • Component A can also contain surfactants.
  • surfactants preference will be given to those which make it possible to obtain a final product in the form of a fluid solution, stable under normal conditions of storage and use.
  • Component B comprises one or more mineral salts or complexes of the transition metals.
  • the compounds particularly useful in the production of a fire starter of the invention are the salts and mineral complexes of the metals of column 1 b according to the periodic classification of the elements according to Mendeursev, namely the mineral salts and complexes of copper , silver and gold.
  • Additive C mainly consists of water. It may also contain one or more mineral salts or complexes of the transition metals as defined above, within the limit of their solubility.
  • This additive can also contain other mineral compounds such as chlorates, perchlorates and nitrates of alkali or alkaline earth metals. It can also contain one or more surfactants chosen so as to obtain a final product in the form of a stable fluid solution under normal conditions of storage and use.
  • Additive D mainly consists of a hydrocarbon.
  • This additive can also contain one or more organic additives or organic peroxides as defined under A. It can also contain one or more surfactants chosen to allow the production of a final product in the form of a fluid solution stable under normal conditions of storage and use.
  • the weight proportions w, x, y, z in the various combinations AB, ABC, ABD, ABCD are easily determined in each case by those skilled in the art by establishing the corresponding binary, ternary or quaternary diagram delimiting the zones of stability of the composition.
  • a liquid composition is considered to be stable when it does not exhibit phase separation in the formulation.
  • a fire starter that can be used under normal lighting conditions at a temperature above its flash point must be considered dangerous.
  • the AFNOR T 60-103 device was used with a Luchaire cutter with cover for the measurement of flash points.
  • a regular shaped agglomerated charcoal ball weighing 39 ⁇ 1 g was chosen as fuel. It is weighed before and after immersion for 5 minutes in a fire starter solution. Note the amount of fire starter absorbed. The ball thus impregnated is then ignited and its weight loss is followed for 30 minutes from the time when the quantity of absorbed fire starter has theoretically burned.
  • a fire starter is prepared according to the formula: Monoethyl ether of monoethylene glycol: 90 parts by weight said below butyl glycol
  • Cupric chloride (dihydrate) 10 parts by weight
  • This fire starter is compared to those of butylglycol alone.
  • the results show the excellent ignition performance obtained.
  • the 70 ° C flash point guarantees safety in use under normal conditions.
  • This fire starter is compared to those of "Shellsol K” alone, butylglycolseul and the mixture of these two solvents (50% / 50%).
  • the flash point of 64 ° C maintains a sufficient degree of security for normal conditions of use.
  • the performance obtained is greatly improved compared to the products used alone and to their mixture.
  • This fire starter is compared with those of butylglycol alone, Shellsol K alone and the mixture of the two solvents (50% / 50%).
  • This table illustrates the excellent results obtained, both in terms of safety since the flash point no longer exists, thus eliminating any explosion explosion of the product vapors when sprayed on embers for example, as in terms of ignition efficiency since the performance obtained is superior to that of a conventional additive.
  • Viscosity (Brookfield RVT viscometer; needle No. 3; 20 revolutions per minute) 1,200 mPas (centipoises)
  • Weight loss 1 g (burning of the ball erred after 5 minutes).
  • This fire starter is compared to those of a butylglycol / water / "Shellsol K" (47.5 / 5 / 47.5) mixture without additives.
  • the results show the excellent performance obtained with the composition according to the invention.
  • the flash point is higher than normal temperatures for using a fire starter.
  • This fire starter is compared to those of a butylglycol / water / "Shellsol K" (47.5 / 5 / 47.5) mixture without additives.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
  • Compounds Of Unknown Constitution (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)

Abstract

1. Liquid safety composition for lighting solid fuels, characterised in that it contains at least one compound with the following general formula. R1 -O-(R2 -O-)n R3 ---A in which : R1 represents a radical Ca H2a+1 or hydrogen, R2 represents a radical (-CH2 -CH2 -)b or see diagramm : EP0128788,P7,F1 R3 represents a radical Cm H2m+1 or hydrogen, a, b, n and m which can be equal or different represent values of from 1 and 12 ; and a compound B containing at least one salt or mineral complex of a transition metal.

Description

Depuis que la pratique de l'allumage des combustibles solides à l'aide de papier journal et de brindilles de bois a été pratiquement abandonnée, le marché des allume-feux préparés a pris une large extension. On peut classer les allume-feux préparés en trois catégories selon qu'ils se présentent sous forme solide, sous forme liquide ou sous forme gélifiée.Since the practice of igniting solid fuels using newsprint and wood twigs has been largely abandoned, the market for prepared fire starters has grown significantly. Prepared fire starters can be classified into three categories according to whether they are in solid form, liquid form or gelled form.

Les allume-feux solides sont eux-mêmes séparables en deux classes selon qu'ils contiennent ou ne contiennent pas de combustible liquide.Solid fire starters are themselves separable into two classes according to whether they contain or do not contain liquid fuel.

Lorsque les allume-feux solides contiennent des combustibles liquides, ces derniers sont absorbés sur un substrat poreux lui-même combustible, ou encore inclus dans une matrice de substance polymère combustible.When solid fire starters contain liquid fuels, these are absorbed on a porous substrate which is itself combustible, or even included in a matrix of combustible polymeric substance.

Les substrats poreux sont le plus souvent de la cellulose, ou des agglomérats de bois, les matrices polymères des résines urée-formol ou phénol-formol. Les combustibles liquides sont généralement des hydrocarbures, des alcools de bas poids moléculaire et leurs mélanges.The porous substrates are most often cellulose, or wood agglomerates, the polymer matrices of urea-formaldehyde or phenol-formaldehyde resins. Liquid fuels are generally hydrocarbons, low molecular weight alcohols and their mixtures.

Lorsque les allume-feux solides ne contiennent pas de combustibles liquides, ils sont simplement constitués par un ou plusieurs combustibles solides à température ambiante. C'est le cas des cubes de métaformaldéhyde ou encore des pains de cire ou de paraffine.When solid fire starters do not contain liquid fuels, they simply consist of one or more solid fuels at room temperature. This is the case of metaformaldehyde cubes or even wax or paraffin bars.

Les allume-feux liquides sont le plus souvent constitués par un ou plusieurs hydrocarbures, par un ou plusieurs alcools ou encore par des mélanges d'alcools ou d'hydrocarbures.Liquid fire starters are most often formed by one or more hydrocarbons, by one or more alcohols or by mixtures of alcohols or hydrocarbons.

Les allume-feux gélifiés sont à la base constitués généralement par un ou plusieurs composés présentant une ou plusieurs fonctions alcools comme par exemple l'alcool éthylique ou le butylglycol, par un ou plusieurs hydrocarbures ou encore par des mélanges de ces deux classes de produits associés éventuellement à un solvant de nature très polaire tel que l'eau. La gélification est obtenue généralement grâce à l'addition de sels organo-métalliques à longue chaîne, de silice à haut pouvoir d'absorption ou de polymères organiques efficaces en milieux très polaires.Gelled fire starters are basically made up of one or more compounds with one or more alcohol functions, such as ethyl alcohol or butyl glycol, one or more hydrocarbons, or mixtures of these two classes of associated products. optionally with a solvent of very polar nature such as water. Gelation is generally obtained by the addition of long-chain organo-metallic salts, silica with high absorption power or organic polymers effective in very polar media.

Qu'ils soient utilisés pour l'allumage de poêles ou de cuisinières à combustible solide, de feux de cheminée, ou encore de barbecue, les allume-feux solides existants présentent de nombreux inconvénients. Ces inconvénients sont liés au fait que la surface de contact flamme issue de la combustion de l'allume-feu et combustible dont on veut réaliser l'ignition est très faible et qu'il est donc souvent nécessaire de répartir dans la masse du combustible solide une grande quantité d'allume-feu pour réaliser un allumage rapide du combustible. C'est le cas notamment lorsqu'il s'agit d'allumer des combustibles tels que anthracite, coke, agglomérés, ou encore de l'allumage d'un feu de cheminée.Whether used for lighting stoves or solid fuel stoves, chimney fires, or even barbecue, existing solid fire starters have many drawbacks. These drawbacks are linked to the fact that the flame contact surface resulting from the combustion of the fire starter and fuel which it is desired to ignite is very small and that it is therefore often necessary to distribute solid fuel in the mass. a large quantity of fire starters to achieve rapid ignition of the fuel. This is particularly the case when it comes to lighting fuels such as anthracite, coke, agglomerates, or even the lighting of a chimney fire.

De plus, lorsque les allume-feux solides contiennent des combustibles liquides, ils doivent ètre conditionnés sous films assurant une barrière efficace contre l'évaporation. Cette barrière n'étant jamais parfaite. le stockage de ces types d'allume-feux n'est pas sans danger, en particulier en périodes chaudes de l'année.In addition, when solid fire starters contain liquid fuels, they must be packaged in films ensuring an effective barrier against evaporation. This barrier is never perfect. storing these types of fire starters is not safe, especially during hot periods of the year.

On a essayé d'améliorer l'efficacité des allume-feux solides par l'incorporation d'additifs. Parmi les additifs proposés, on peut citer:

  • - les metaux sous forme de leurs sels mineraux ou sous forme de leurs composés organo- métalliques (savons, naphthénates, chélates, etc...);
  • - les peroxydes minéraux ou organiques.
Attempts have been made to improve the efficiency of solid fire starters by incorporating additives. Among the additives offered, there may be mentioned:
  • - metals in the form of their mineral salts or in the form of their organometallic compounds (soaps, naphthenates, chelates, etc.);
  • - mineral or organic peroxides.

Toutefois, les gains de performance réalisés grâce à ces additifs sont minimes. Ceci est dû au fait que les additifs même présents en quantité suffisante ne sont pas en contact direct avec le combustible à allumer; leur action sur la rapidité d'ignition du combustible n'est donc que très modérée.However, the performance gains achieved with these additives are minimal. This is due to the fact that the additives even present in sufficient quantity are not in direct contact with the fuel to be ignited; their action on the speed of ignition of the fuel is therefore only very moderate.

Les allume-feux liquides sont le plus souvent constitués par un seul composant. Ce composant est soit un hydrocarbure, soit un alcool de bas poids moléculaire. Toutefois, on fait souvent appel à des mélanges de combustibles liquides ou encore à des solutions d'un combustible solide tel que cire ou paraffine dans un combustible jouant le rôle de solvant.Liquid fire starters are most often made up of a single component. This component is either a hydrocarbon or a low molecular weight alcohol. However, mixtures of liquid fuels or solutions of a solid fuel such as wax or paraffin are often used in a fuel acting as a solvent.

Les allume-feux liquides ne présentent pas les mêmes inconvénients techniques que les allume-feux solides car on peut facilement les répartir sur une grande surface du combustible solide dont on veut réaliser l'ignition. Ils présentent néanmoins encore des inconvénients majeurs. Tout d'abord, ils sont dangereux pour l'utilisateur en raison de points éclair souvent très bas, soumettant de plus la mise sur le marché de ces produits à un étiquetage spécial qui est un frein important à leur commercialisation.Liquid fire starters do not have the same technical drawbacks as solid fire starters because they can easily be distributed over a large area of solid fuel which is to be ignited. However, they still have major drawbacks. First of all, they are dangerous for the user due to the often very low flash points, further subjecting the marketing of these products to special labeling which is an important obstacle to their marketing.

Ensuite, l'incorporation d'additifs d'amélioration de la combustion pourtant particulièrement efficace et donc souhaitable dans le cas d'un allume-feu liquide est rendue difficile en raison de l'insolubilité ou de la très faible solubilité des additifs les plus efficaces dans les compositions liquides généralement utilisées. C'est le cas notamment des catalyseurs de combustion à base de métaux lourds et des peroxydes principalement lorsqu'ils se présentent sous la forme de sels minéraux.Then, the incorporation of combustion improvement additives, which is nevertheless particularly effective and therefore desirable in the case of a liquid fire starter, is made difficult because of the insolubility or very low solubility of the most effective additives. in the liquid compositions generally used. This is particularly the case for combustion catalysts based on heavy metals and peroxides mainly when they are in the form of mineral salts.

Les allume-feux sous forme gélifiée sont habituellement conditionnés en sachets-doses ou en flacons de manière à être versés sur le combustible solide à allumer. Sous forme de sachets-doses, ils présentent les mêmes inconvénients techniques que les solides puisqu'ils ne permettent de réaliser qu'un allumage ponctuel du combustible, tout en ne présentant pas les mêmes dangers au stockage, leurs emballages étant généralement étanches.Fire starters in gelled form are usually packaged in sachets or bottles so as to be poured onto the solid fuel to be ignited. In the form of dose sachets, they have the same technical drawbacks as solids since they only allow one-off ignition of the fuel, while not presenting the same dangers during storage, their packaging being generally sealed.

Présentés en flacons, ils peuvent être répartis sur le combustible solide de la même manière que les liquides mais présentent alors l'inconvénient de rester à la surface du combustible sans le pénétrer, ne permettant d'obtenir ainsi qu'une faible efficacité.Presented in bottles, they can be distributed on solid fuel in the same way as liquids but then have the disadvantage of remaining on the surface of the fuel without penetrating it, thus making it possible to obtain a low efficiency.

On a maintenant trouvé que l'on pouvait d'une façon simple et efficace résoudre à la fois le problème de la sécurité des allume-feux liquides et celui de l'efficacité de la combustion grâce à l'allume-feu liquide perfectionné objet de la présente invention.It has now been found that the problem of the safety of liquid fire starters and that of combustion efficiency can be solved in a simple and effective manner by means of the improved liquid fire starter object of the present invention.

La présente invention a donc pour objet la réalisation d'un allume-feu liquide perfectionné de sécurité et utilisable pour l'allumage de tous les combustibles solides.The present invention therefore relates to the production of an improved liquid fire starter for safety and usable for the ignition of all solid fuels.

Cet allume-feu est caractérisé par le fait qu'il comprend au moins deux constituants A et B tels que définis ci-après et qu'il peut en outre contenir un au moins des deux additifs C et D tels que définis également ci-après, l'ensemble constituant un liquide stable dans des conditions normales de stockage.This fire starter is characterized in that it comprises at least two constituents A and B as defined below and that it can also contain at least one of the two additives C and D as also defined below , the assembly constituting a stable liquid under normal storage conditions.

A/ Le constituant A comprend un composé ou un mélange de composés ayant la formule générale:

Figure imgb0001
Figure imgb0002
Figure imgb0003
Figure imgb0004
avec n, a, b et m égaux ou différents représentant des valeurs comprises entre 1 et 12.A / Component A comprises a compound or a mixture of compounds having the general formula:
Figure imgb0001
Figure imgb0002
Figure imgb0003
Figure imgb0004
 with n, a, b and m equal or different representing values between 1 and 12.

Les composés particulièrement utiles dans la réalisation des allume-feux selon l'invention sont les mono et di-éthers méthyliques, éthyliques, propyliques ou butyliques des mono- et polyéthylènes et mono- et polypropylènes glycols.The compounds which are particularly useful in the production of fire starters according to the invention are the methyl and ethyl, ethyl, propyl or butyl mono and di-ethers of mono- and polyethylenes and mono- and polypropylene glycols.

Ce constituant A peut contenir des additifs organo-métalliques parmi lesquels on peut citer les savons gras de métaux et les complexes organiques de métaux.This constituent A can contain organometallic additives among which mention may be made of fatty soaps of metals and organic complexes of metals.

Il peut aussi contenir, dans la limite de leur solubilité, des composés peroxydés organiques ainsi que des additifs minéraux.It may also contain, within the limit of their solubility, organic peroxide compounds as well as mineral additives.

Parmi les peroxydes organiques, on peut citer, sans que cette liste soit limitative, les peroxydes dérivés des aldéhydes, cétones, esters, les hydroperoxydes d'alcoyle et analogues. Parmi les additifs minéraux, on peut citer, sans que cette liste soit limitative, les chlorates, perchlorates et nitrates des métaux alcalins ou alcalino-terreux.Among the organic peroxides, there may be mentioned, without this list being limiting, peroxides derived from aldehydes, ketones, esters, alkyl hydroperoxides and the like. Among the mineral additives, there may be mentioned, without this list being limiting, chlorates, perchlorates and nitrates of alkali or alkaline-earth metals.

Le constituant A peut également contenir des tensio-actifs. Parmi les tensio-actifs, on donnera la préférence à ceux qui permettent l'obtention d'un produit final sous la forme d'une solution fluide, stable dans des conditions normales de stockage et d'utilisation.Component A can also contain surfactants. Among the surfactants, preference will be given to those which make it possible to obtain a final product in the form of a fluid solution, stable under normal conditions of storage and use.

B/ Le constituant B comprend un ou plusieurs sels ou complexes minéraux des métaux de transition.B / Component B comprises one or more mineral salts or complexes of the transition metals.

Les composés particulièrement utiles dans la réalisation d'un allume-feu de l'invention sont les sels et complexes minéraux des métaux de la colonne 1 b d'après la classification périodique des éléments selon Mendéléev, à savoir les sels et complexes minéraux de cuivre, d'argent et d'or.The compounds particularly useful in the production of a fire starter of the invention are the salts and mineral complexes of the metals of column 1 b according to the periodic classification of the elements according to Mendéléev, namely the mineral salts and complexes of copper , silver and gold.

C/ L'additif C est principalement constitué par de l'eau. Il peut contenir en outre un ou plusieurs sels ou complexes minéraux des métaux de transition tels que définis ci-dessus et ce dans la limite de leur solubilité.C / Additive C mainly consists of water. It may also contain one or more mineral salts or complexes of the transition metals as defined above, within the limit of their solubility.

Cet additif peut également contenir d'autres composés minéraux tels que les chlorates, perchlorates et nitrates de métaux alcalins ou alcalino-terreux. Il peut contenir aussi un ou plusieurs tensio-actifs choisis de manière à obtenir un produit final sous la forme d'une solution fluide stable dans les conditions normales de stockage et d'utilisation.This additive can also contain other mineral compounds such as chlorates, perchlorates and nitrates of alkali or alkaline earth metals. It can also contain one or more surfactants chosen so as to obtain a final product in the form of a stable fluid solution under normal conditions of storage and use.

D/ L'additif D est principalement constitué par un hydrocarbure.D / Additive D mainly consists of a hydrocarbon.

Parmi les hydrocarbures pouvant convenir dans la réalisation d'un allume-feu selon l'invention, on peut citer, sans que cette liste soit limititive, les hydrocarbures tels que les paraffines ou isoparaffines liquides et leurs mélanges, les fractions liquides d'hydrocarbures telles qu'elles sont obtenues lors de la distillation du pétrole, ou leurs mélanges. Cet additif peut en outre contenir un ou plusieurs additifs organiques ou des peroxydes organiques tels que définis sous A. Il peut aussi contenir un ou plusieurs tensio-actifs choisis pour permettre l'obtention d'un produit final sous la forme d'une solution fluide stable dans les conditions normales de stockage et d'utilisation.Among the hydrocarbons which may be suitable for producing a fire starter according to the invention, there may be mentioned, without this list being limiting, hydrocarbons such as liquid paraffins or isoparaffins and their mixtures, liquid hydrocarbon fractions such as that they are obtained during the distillation of petroleum, or their mixtures. This additive can also contain one or more organic additives or organic peroxides as defined under A. It can also contain one or more surfactants chosen to allow the production of a final product in the form of a fluid solution stable under normal conditions of storage and use.

Les proportions pondérales w, x, y, z dans les différentes combinaisons A B, A B C, A B D, A B C D sont aisément déterminées dans chaque cas par l'homme de l'art en établissant le diagramme binaire, ternaire ou quaternaire correspondant délimitant les zones de stabilité de la composition. Une composition liquide est réputée stable lorsqu'elle ne présente pas de séparation de phases à la formulation.The weight proportions w, x, y, z in the various combinations AB, ABC, ABD, ABCD are easily determined in each case by those skilled in the art by establishing the corresponding binary, ternary or quaternary diagram delimiting the zones of stability of the composition. A liquid composition is considered to be stable when it does not exhibit phase separation in the formulation.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront des exemples non limitatifs donnés ci-après, de modes de réalisation spécifiques selon l'invention comparés au besoin avec des compositions ne faisant pas partie de l'invention, sous l'angle de la sécurité lors de leur utilisation en tant qu'allume-feux et sous l'angle de leur efficacité pour l'allumage d'un combustible solide.Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge from the nonlimiting examples given below, of specific embodiments according to the invention compared, if necessary, with compositions not forming part of the invention, from the angle of safety when used as a fire starter and in terms of their effectiveness for igniting solid fuel.

Mesure de degré de sécuriteSecurity measure

La sécurité lors de l'utilisation d'un allume-feu sera simplement appréciée par la mesure de son point éclair. En effet, plus le point éclair sera élevé et plus l'allume-feu sera considéré comme sûr.Safety when using a fire starter will simply be appreciated by measuring its flash point. The higher the flash point, the safer the fire starter will be.

Un allume-feu pouvant être utilisé dans des conditions normales d'allumage à une température supérieure à son point éclair doit être considéré comme dangereux.A fire starter that can be used under normal lighting conditions at a temperature above its flash point must be considered dangerous.

L'appareil AFNOR T 60-103 a été utilisé avec une coupe Luchaire avec couvercle pour la mesure des points éclair.The AFNOR T 60-103 device was used with a Luchaire cutter with cover for the measurement of flash points.

Mesure de l'efficacité d'allumageIgnition efficiency measurement

Un boulet de charbon de bois aggloméré de forme régulière d'un poids de 39 ± 1 g a été choisi comme combustible. Il est pesé avant et après immersion de 5 minutes dans une solution d'allume-feu. On note la quantité d'allume-feu absorbée. Le boulet ainsi imprégné est alors enflammé et sa perte de poids est suivie pendant 30 minutes à compter du moment où la quantité d'allume-feu absorbée a théoriquement brûlé.A regular shaped agglomerated charcoal ball weighing 39 ± 1 g was chosen as fuel. It is weighed before and after immersion for 5 minutes in a fire starter solution. Note the amount of fire starter absorbed. The ball thus impregnated is then ignited and its weight loss is followed for 30 minutes from the time when the quantity of absorbed fire starter has theoretically burned.

La comparaison des pertes de poids des boulets au cours de la combustion permet de comparer directement l'efficacité des allume-feux.The comparison of the weight losses of the balls during combustion makes it possible to directly compare the efficiency of the fire starters.

Exempel 1Exempel 1

On prépare un allume-feu selon la formule: Monoéther butylique du monoéthylène glycol: 90 parties en poids dit ci-après butylglycolA fire starter is prepared according to the formula: Monoethyl ether of monoethylene glycol: 90 parts by weight said below butyl glycol

Chlorure cuivrique(dihydrate): 10 parties en poidsCupric chloride (dihydrate): 10 parts by weight

On compare les propriétés de cet allume-feu à celles du butylglycol seul.

Figure imgb0005
The properties of this fire starter are compared to those of butylglycol alone.
Figure imgb0005

Les résultats montrent les excellentes performances d'allumage obtenues. Le point éclair de 70°C garantit une sécurité d'utilisation dans des conditions normales.The results show the excellent ignition performance obtained. The 70 ° C flash point guarantees safety in use under normal conditions.

Exempel 2Exempel 2

On prépare un allume-feu selon la formule:

  • Butylglycol 87,5 parties en poids
  • Eau 8,5 parties en poids
  • Chlorure cuivrique (dihydrate) 4 parties en poids
We prepare a fire starter according to the formula:
  • Butylglycol 87.5 parts by weight
  • Water 8.5 parts by weight
  • Cupric chloride (dihydrate) 4 parts by weight

On compare les propriétés de cet allume-fieu à celles du butylqlycol seul.

Figure imgb0006
We compare the properties of this lighter with those of butylqlycol alone.
Figure imgb0006

Les résultats montrent les excellentes performances d'allumage obtenues ainsi que la sécurité apportée par la composition selon l'invention puisque le point éclair du mélange est supérieur à 100° C.The results show the excellent ignition performance obtained as well as the security provided by the composition according to the invention since the flash point of the mixture is greater than 100 ° C.

Exemple 3Example 3

On prépare un allume-feu selon la formule:

  • "Napsol PM 2"* 82 parties en poids
  • Nitrate d'argent 9 parties en poids
  • Eau 9 parties en poids
  • * Napsol PM 2: Mono Ether méthylique du dipropylène glycol vendu sous cette dénomination par la Société Naphthachimie.
We prepare a fire starter according to the formula:
  • "Napsol PM 2" * 82 parts by weight
  • Silver nitrate 9 parts by weight
  • Water 9 parts by weight
  • * Napsol PM 2: Mono methyl ether of dipropylene glycol sold under this name by the company Naphthachimie.

On compare les propriétés de cet allume-feu à celles du "Napsol" seul.

Figure imgb0007
We compare the properties of this fire starter to those of "Napsol" alone.
Figure imgb0007

Les resultats montrent les excellentes performances d'allumage obtenues avec la composition selon l'invention de même que son haut degré de sécurité.The results show the excellent ignition performance obtained with the composition according to the invention as well as its high degree of safety.

Exemple 4Example 4

On prépare un allume-feu suivant la formule:

  • Butylglycol 47,5 parties en poids
  • Chlorure cuivrique (dihydrate) 5 parties en poids
  • "Shellsol K" 47,5 parties en poids
  • "Shellsol K": solvant aliphatique désaromatisé et désodorisé vendu sous cette dénomination par la Société Shell.
A fire starter is prepared according to the formula:
  • Butylglycol 47.5 parts by weight
  • Cupric chloride (dihydrate) 5 parts by weight
  • "Shellsol K" 47.5 parts by weight
  • "Shellsol K": aromatized and deodorized aliphatic solvent sold under this name by the Shell Company.

Les propriétés de cet allume-feu sont comparées à celles du "Shellsol K" seul, du butylglycolseul et du mélange de ces deux solvants (50 % / 50 %).The properties of this fire starter are compared to those of "Shellsol K" alone, butylglycolseul and the mixture of these two solvents (50% / 50%).

Figure imgb0008
Figure imgb0008

Le point éclair de 64°C conserve un degré de sécurité suffisant pour des conditions normales d'utilisation.The flash point of 64 ° C maintains a sufficient degree of security for normal conditions of use.

La performance obtenue est, quant à elle, grandement améliorée par rapport aux produits utilisés seuls et à leur mélange.The performance obtained is greatly improved compared to the products used alone and to their mixture.

Exemple 5Example 5

On prépare un allume-feu selon la formule:

  • Butylglycol 46,1 parties en poids
  • Chlorure cuivrique (dihydrate) 2 parties en poids
  • Eau 5,8 parties en poids
  • "Shellsol K" 46,1 parties en poids
We prepare a fire starter according to the formula:
  • Butylglycol 46.1 parts by weight
  • Cupric chloride (dihydrate) 2 parts by weight
  • Water 5.8 parts by weight
  • "Shellsol K" 46.1 parts by weight

On compare les propriétés de cet allume-feu à celles du butylglycol seul, du Shellsol K seul et du mélange des deux solvants (50 % / 50 %).

Figure imgb0009
The properties of this fire starter are compared with those of butylglycol alone, Shellsol K alone and the mixture of the two solvents (50% / 50%).
Figure imgb0009

Ce tableau illustre les excellents résultats obtenus, tant sur le plan de la sécurité puisque le point éclair n'existe plus, éliminant ainsi tout denger d'explosion des vapeurs du produit lors de leur pulvérisation sur des braises par exemple, que sur le plan de l'efficacité d'allumage puisque les performances obtenues sont supérieures à celles d'un additif classique.This table illustrates the excellent results obtained, both in terms of safety since the flash point no longer exists, thus eliminating any explosion explosion of the product vapors when sprayed on embers for example, as in terms of ignition efficiency since the performance obtained is superior to that of a conventional additive.

Exemple 6Example 6

On prépare un allume-feu sous forme de qel selon la formule:

  • Alcool isopropylique 80 partics en poids,
  • "Aérosil 200"* 4 parties en poids
  • Eau 14 parties en poids
  • Triéthanolamine 2 parties en poids
  • * "Aérosil 200": silice précipitée atomisée vendue sous cette dénomination par la Société Degussa.
We prepare a fire starter in the form of qel according to the formula:
  • Isopropyl alcohol 80 particles by weight,
  • "Aerosil 200" * 4 parts by weight
  • Water 14 parts by weight
  • Triethanolamine 2 parts by weight
  • * "Aerosil 200": atomized precipitated silica sold under this name by the Degussa Company.

Viscosité: (viscosimètre Brookfield RVT; aiguille n° 3; 20 tours minute) 1 200 mPas (centipoises)Viscosity: (Brookfield RVT viscometer; needle No. 3; 20 revolutions per minute) 1,200 mPas (centipoises)

RésultatsResults

Point éclair: 12°CFlash point: 12 ° C

Perte de poids: 1 g (combustion du boulet errêtée après 5 minutes).Weight loss: 1 g (burning of the ball erred after 5 minutes).

Ces résultats, comparés à ceux obtenus dans les autres exemples, montrent le danger présenté par ce produit lors de son utilisation puisqu'il sera toujours à une tempéreture supérieure à son point éclair, ainsi que son efficacité négligeable puisque le boulet n'a pas atteint le stade d'auto- combustion.These results, compared to those obtained in the other examples, show the danger presented by this product during its use since it will always be at a temperature higher than its flash point, as well as its negligible effectiveness since the ball has not reached the self-combustion stage.

Exempel 7Exempel 7

On prépare un allume-feu selon la formule:

  • Butylglycol 46,9 parties en poids
  • Octoate de cuivre 0,2 partie en poids
  • Chlorure cuivrique (dihydrate) 2 parties en poids
  • Eau 4 parties en poids
  • "Shellsol K" 46,9 parties en poids
We prepare a fire starter according to the formula:
  • Butylglycol 46.9 parts by weight
  • Copper octoate 0.2 parts by weight
  • Cupric chloride (dihydrate) 2 parts by weight
  • Water 4 parts by weight
  • "Shellsol K" 46.9 parts by weight

Les propriétés de cet allume-feu sont comparées à celles d'un mélange butylglycol/eau/"Shellsol K" (47,5/5/47,5) sans additif.The properties of this fire starter are compared to those of a butylglycol / water / "Shellsol K" (47.5 / 5 / 47.5) mixture without additives.

Figure imgb0010
Figure imgb0010

Les résultats montrent les excellentes performances obtenues avec la composition selon l'invention. Le point éclair est supérieur aux températures normales d'utilisation d'un allume-feu.The results show the excellent performance obtained with the composition according to the invention. The flash point is higher than normal temperatures for using a fire starter.

Exemple 8Example 8

On prépare un allume-feu selon la formule:

  • Butylglycol 46,85 parties en poids
  • Chlorure cuivrique (dihydrate) 2 parties en poids
  • Eau 4 parties en poids
  • Chlorate de potassium 0,2 partie en poids
  • "Shellsol K" 46,85 parties en poids
  • Octoate de cuivre 0,1 partie en poids
We prepare a fire starter according to the formula:
  • Butylglycol 46.85 parts by weight
  • Cupric chloride (dihydrate) 2 parts by weight
  • Water 4 parts by weight
  • Potassium chloride 0.2 part by weight
  • "Shellsol K" 46.85 parts by weight
  • Copper octoate 0.1 part by weight

Les propriétés de cet allume-feu sont comparées à celles d'un mélange butylglycol/eau/"Shellsol K" (47,5/5/47,5) sans additifs.The properties of this fire starter are compared to those of a butylglycol / water / "Shellsol K" (47.5 / 5 / 47.5) mixture without additives.

Figure imgb0011
Figure imgb0011

Les résultats montrent clairement l'intérêt apporté par la composition selon l'invention. Le point éclair obtenu permet d'assurer une sécurité d'utilisation dans des conditions normales. * En remplaçant dans les exemples ci-dessus le butylglycol ou le "Napsol pM 2" par d'autres éthers répondant à la formule générale des composés représentant le constituant A selon l'invention, on obtient des résultats analoques.The results clearly show the advantage provided by the composition according to the invention. The flash point obtained ensures safety of use under normal conditions. * By replacing in the above examples the butylglycol or the "Napsol pM 2" with other ethers corresponding to the general formula of the compounds representing the constituent A according to the invention, analog results are obtained.

Il va du reste de soi que la présente invention n'a été décrite qu'à titre purement explicatif et nullement limitatif et que toute modification utile pourra y être apportée sans sortir de son cadre.It goes without saying that the present invention has only been described for explanatory purposes and is in no way limitative and that any useful modification may be made without departing from its scope.

Claims (7)

1. Liquid safety composition for lighting solid fuels, characterised in that it contains at least one compound with the following general formula.
Figure imgb0016
in which:
R1 represents a radical CaH2a+l or hydrogen,
R2 represents a radical (-CH2-CH2-)b or
Figure imgb0017
R3 represents a radical CmH2m+i or hydrogen,
a, b, n and m which can be equal or different represent values of from 1 and 12;
and a compound B containing at least one salt or mineral complex of a transition metal.
2. Composition in accordance with claim 1 characterised in that compound A is selected from amongst methyl, propyl and butyl mono and di-ethers of mono and polyethylene glycols and mono and polypropylene glycols.
3. Composition in accordance with claim 1 or claim 2 characterised in that compound A contains an additive in the limit of its solubility, selected from amongst organometallic compounds, organic peroxide compounds, oxidizing mineral salts of alkaline or alkalino- earth metals, surfactants and their compatible mixtures.
4. Composition in accordance with any one of claims 1 to 3 characterised in that the transition metal of compound B is selected from amongst the elements of group 1b of Mendeleef's periodic table of elements.
5. Composition in accordance with any one of claims 1 to 4 characterised in that it encloses at least one of the two additives (C,D) in proportions by weight (y,z) given by the phase diagrams (A,B,C), (A,B,D) or (A,B,C,D) corresponding to a stable composition displaying no phase separation under normal conditions of storage, additive C being mainly water and additive D mainly at least one hydrocarbon.
6. Composition in accordance with claim 5 characterised in that said water encloses in dispersion within it a proportion of at least one salt or mineral complex of a tra sition metal of group 1b of Mendeleefls periodical table of elements, an oxygenated mineral, a surfactamt or one of their compatible mixtures.
7. Composition in accordance with claim 5 ot 6 characterised in that said hydrocarbon encloses, dispersed within in, at least one organometallic derivative, one organic peroxide, a surfactant or one of their compatible mixtures, within the limit of solubility.
EP84400933A 1983-05-10 1984-05-09 Safe liquid composition for the ignition of solid fuels Expired EP0128788B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84400933T ATE23358T1 (en) 1983-05-10 1984-05-09 SAFETY LIQUID COMPOSITION FOR SOLID FUEL IGNITION.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8307773A FR2545833B1 (en) 1983-05-10 1983-05-10 LIQUID SAFETY COMPOSITION FOR IGNITION OF SOLID FUELS
FR8307773 1983-05-10

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EP0128788A1 EP0128788A1 (en) 1984-12-19
EP0128788B1 true EP0128788B1 (en) 1986-11-05

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EP (1) EP0128788B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE23358T1 (en)
AU (1) AU564262B2 (en)
DE (1) DE3461198D1 (en)
DK (1) DK165122C (en)
FR (1) FR2545833B1 (en)
GR (1) GR82090B (en)
IE (1) IE57371B1 (en)
NZ (1) NZ208115A (en)
PT (1) PT78560B (en)
ZA (1) ZA843206B (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2727688B1 (en) * 1995-12-04 1997-05-09 Jacquelin Guy LIQUID FUEL PRODUCTS, BURNING WITH FLAMES OF VARIOUS COLORS. SIMPLIFIED DECORATIVE LIGHTING DEVICES USING SUCH PRODUCTS
DE202007009186U1 (en) * 2007-06-29 2007-09-06 Schiller, Alfons Fuel for heating a device for grilling

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1494234A (en) * 1966-07-26 1967-09-08 Sinnova Ou Sadic Combustion agent
CH492010A (en) * 1967-05-25 1970-06-15 Chiswick Products Ltd Firelighter
GB1256264A (en) * 1969-05-21 1971-12-08 Reckitt And Coleman Products L Improvements in or relating to firelighters
NL7610483A (en) * 1975-09-23 1977-03-25 Hansruedi Zahner SOLID BODY FOR GENERATING FIRE BY COMBUSTION AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURE OF SUCH SOLID BODY.

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DK229784D0 (en) 1984-05-09
AU2783284A (en) 1984-11-15
DK165122C (en) 1993-11-08
DK229784A (en) 1984-11-11
FR2545833B1 (en) 1985-08-23
GR82090B (en) 1984-12-13
AU564262B2 (en) 1987-08-06
PT78560A (en) 1984-06-01
NZ208115A (en) 1986-10-08
ZA843206B (en) 1984-12-24
ATE23358T1 (en) 1986-11-15
PT78560B (en) 1986-07-14
IE841148L (en) 1984-11-10
IE57371B1 (en) 1992-08-12
DK165122B (en) 1992-10-12
DE3461198D1 (en) 1986-12-11
FR2545833A1 (en) 1984-11-16
EP0128788A1 (en) 1984-12-19

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