EP0124758B1 - Antenne avec émetteur linéaire écourté électriquement - Google Patents

Antenne avec émetteur linéaire écourté électriquement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0124758B1
EP0124758B1 EP19840103590 EP84103590A EP0124758B1 EP 0124758 B1 EP0124758 B1 EP 0124758B1 EP 19840103590 EP19840103590 EP 19840103590 EP 84103590 A EP84103590 A EP 84103590A EP 0124758 B1 EP0124758 B1 EP 0124758B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
radiator
frequency
antenna
ferrite
linear
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19840103590
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0124758A1 (fr
Inventor
Franz Demmel
Herbert Steghafner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rohde and Schwarz GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Rohde and Schwarz GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rohde and Schwarz GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Rohde and Schwarz GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0124758A1 publication Critical patent/EP0124758A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0124758B1 publication Critical patent/EP0124758B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an antenna according to the preamble of the main claim.
  • Such a slim linear emitter (dipole or monopole) has a relatively uniform radiation diagram at the lowest frequency of the operating frequency band, at which its electrical length is 2, / 4 or shorter, with increasing operating frequency there are more and more flaps of the diagram, so that increasing frequency, the current distribution on the linear radiator also changes and at twice the frequency of the linear radiators has an electrical length of ⁇ / 2, at four times the frequency even an electrical length of ⁇ and thus also has corresponding current distributions with one or more current maxima distributed along the linear radiator.
  • the frequency-dependent current distribution on the linear radiator also means a corresponding frequency dependence of the radiation diagram and the input impedance.
  • the slim linear radiator is electrically shortened for higher frequencies and thus a current distribution along the linear radiator is achieved for higher frequencies, which corresponds approximately to the current distribution at the lower frequency of the operating frequency band.
  • the current distribution thus becomes essentially frequency-independent and thus also the radiation diagram and the input impedance.
  • This known measure is mechanically relatively complex and expensive, especially if not only such an impedance element is installed in the radiator at a predetermined location but if such impedance elements are installed at several locations along the radiator, as is necessary for antennas that in a broad frequency band should have a frequency diagram that is as frequency-independent as possible.
  • the known measure brings with it considerable mechanical problems, since the linear radiator, which is usually designed as a rod or tube, is mechanically separated at the desired location and the impedance element must be installed there electrically between the radiator halves.
  • the known measure would also not be suitable for higher frequencies, since the coils of the impedance elements can no longer be realized as concentrated components for higher frequencies.
  • the electrical effect of the known measure consists in the fact that at low frequencies the imaginary part of the impedance element predominates and the current occupancy at this radiator point is influenced only slightly. As the frequency increases, the real part of the impedance element, which acts in series with the coil and which results from the parallel resistor, becomes increasingly effective and thus also its influence on the current distribution along the radiator. However, this frequency-dependent increase in the real part of the impedance element which influences the current distribution is relatively weak in the known solution, and the known solution is therefore also not optimal from an electrical point of view.
  • the radiator is no longer mechanically separated, but a ferrite ring is simply slid on at the predetermined location along the radiator and fastened there in a suitable manner. Just as easily, several such ferrite rings can be placed along the radiator at predetermined locations.
  • An antenna according to the invention is therefore much easier and cheaper to manufacture.
  • the measure according to the invention is also optimal in electrical terms.
  • the ferrite ring can also be used for frequencies above 100 MHz up to frequencies of 1000 M Hz or more.
  • a ferrite ring For the electrical extension of antennas, it is known per se to place a ferrite ring at the base of the antenna (DE-GM 1961 572, DE-OS 19 53 038).
  • a ferrite material is used which has as small an imaginary part of the complex permeability as possible in the entire operating frequency range and thus as small as possible a real part of the impedance acting at the base point of the antenna in the entire frequency range.
  • a ferrite material would not be suitable for the purpose according to the invention; rather, according to the invention, a ferrite material is used that has the greatest change in this imaginary part of the complex permeability in the operating frequency range of the antenna, i.e.
  • a current distribution in a wide frequency can thus be achieved by simply sliding one or two or more ferrite rings onto a slim linear radiator range of 1: 5 or more, for example, which enables a corresponding frequency-independent radiation diagram in this broad frequency band.
  • the number of ferrite rings pushed on depends on the desired bandwidth.For simpler antennas, which should only cover a frequency range of 1: 3, for example, it is sufficient to arrange one or two ferrite rings in the upper area of the linear radiator at a predetermined distance from the radiator end, for antennas If a larger frequency range is to be covered, more ferrite rings are put on accordingly.
  • the position of the ferrite rings along the radiator is determined in a known manner according to the current maxima of the current distribution along the radiator to be expected with increasing frequency.
  • the measure according to the invention is suitable for all slim linear radiators, for example for monopole or dipole radiators, including those which may be electrically shortened by roof capacities. In the latter case, the ferrite ring is placed on the radiator, for example, directly below the roof capacity.
  • the measure according to the invention is also equally suitable for both transmitting and receiving antennas.
  • Fig. 1 shows a dipole, for example for the frequency range between 100 and 1000 MHz, which consists of two slim linear radiators 1 and 2, which have an electrical length of ⁇ / 4 or may be shorter for the lowest operating frequency (10 MHz). Ferrite rings 3 to 6 are placed on these linear radiators 1 and 2. Without attached ferrite rings, for example, the lowest frequency f ′′ would result in the current distribution f drawn to the left of the radiator 1, and for the four times the frequency the current distribution 4f. If a first ferrite ring 3 is now placed on the radiator 1 at the point x of the first current maximum would result in a current distribution 4f 'which is not yet optimal.
  • a further ferrite ring 4 is therefore arranged in the further current maximum y, so that finally the current distribution 4f "results which largely corresponds to the current distribution f' which is at put on ferrite rings 3, 4 at the lowest frequency.
  • the position of the ferrite rings along the radiator is determined according to this principle.
  • FIG. 2 shows a typical diagram of the complex permeability of the ferrite material as a function of the frequency, the real part" is approximately linearly constant, in the exemplary embodiment shown, the imaginary part ⁇ "increases sharply with the frequency between 100 MH7 and 1000 M Hz.
  • the measure according to the invention is suitable for all slim linear radiators which are electrically longer than ⁇ / 2 at the highest operating frequency.
  • the attached ferrite rings can, if necessary, be slotted, which is advantageous, for example, in the case of a transmitting antenna in which the hysteresis losses are to be kept as small as possible.
  • the slot must be very narrow, since otherwise the required concentration of the magnetic field will no longer be achieved.
  • additional concentrated impedance resistors at the appropriate point into the radiator via the pushed-on ferrite ring, for example by simply winding an additional coil onto the ferrite ring, which is connected to the outside with a corresponding impedance element. This impedance is then also coupled into the radiator via the ferrite ring, in this way the above-described effect of the frequency-dependent increase in the real part of the impedance effective in the radiator could be further enhanced.
  • the ferrite rings are preferably attached to the radiator by means of suitable holders, which can optionally also be designed as corresponding protective covers at the same time.

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  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)

Claims (1)

1. Antenne, dont l'émetteur linéaire élancé est électriquement raccourci par au moins un élément d'impédance agissant à un emplacement prédéterminé en direction longitudinale, antenne caractérisée en ce que l'élément d'impédance est constitué par un anneau de ferrite (3 à 6) rapporté sur l'émetteur linéaire (1, 2), et qui est constitué d'un matériau qui présente la modification maximale de la partie imaginaire (µ") de sa perméabilité complexe dans la gamme de fréquences de fonctionnement de l'antenne.
EP19840103590 1983-04-08 1984-03-31 Antenne avec émetteur linéaire écourté électriquement Expired EP0124758B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19833312638 DE3312638A1 (de) 1983-04-08 1983-04-08 Antenne mit elektrisch verkuerztem linearstrahler
DE3312638 1983-04-08

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0124758A1 EP0124758A1 (fr) 1984-11-14
EP0124758B1 true EP0124758B1 (fr) 1987-07-15

Family

ID=6195754

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19840103590 Expired EP0124758B1 (fr) 1983-04-08 1984-03-31 Antenne avec émetteur linéaire écourté électriquement

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0124758B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3312638A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6753814B2 (en) * 2002-06-27 2004-06-22 Harris Corporation Dipole arrangements using dielectric substrates of meta-materials
NO322780B1 (no) 2005-01-20 2006-12-11 Comrod As Anordning ved piskantenne
WO2011011478A2 (fr) * 2009-07-24 2011-01-27 Shakespeare Company, Llc Antenne monopôle large bande discrète avec réseau de ferrite/fer en poudre dissipant la chaleur et son procédé de fabrication
DE102010053639B4 (de) * 2010-12-07 2017-05-18 Rohde & Schwarz Gmbh & Co. Kg Blitzfangstab für Antennensysteme

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1059980B (de) * 1958-02-03 1959-06-25 Telefunken Gmbh Antennenanordnung fuer einen breiten Frequenzbereich mit wenigstens zwei verschieden langen Dipolstrahlern
US3302208A (en) * 1964-03-20 1967-01-31 Hendrickson Alice Dipole antenna including ferrite sleeves about the medial portions of its radiating elements
DE1961572U (de) * 1964-12-12 1967-06-08 Philips Patentverwaltung Antenne mit vergroesserung und variabler abstimmung der elektrischen laenge.
FR1588021A (fr) * 1968-10-23 1970-04-03
DD120977A1 (fr) * 1975-08-25 1976-07-05
DD129835A1 (de) * 1977-01-20 1978-02-08 Dieter Haussig Kurze breitbandige lineare antenne

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3312638C2 (fr) 1990-02-15
EP0124758A1 (fr) 1984-11-14
DE3312638A1 (de) 1984-10-18

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