EP0123667B1 - Filaments conjugués et procédé pour leur fabrication - Google Patents

Filaments conjugués et procédé pour leur fabrication Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0123667B1
EP0123667B1 EP84870051A EP84870051A EP0123667B1 EP 0123667 B1 EP0123667 B1 EP 0123667B1 EP 84870051 A EP84870051 A EP 84870051A EP 84870051 A EP84870051 A EP 84870051A EP 0123667 B1 EP0123667 B1 EP 0123667B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
filament
nylon
crimp
homopolyamide
test value
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84870051A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0123667A2 (fr
EP0123667A3 (en
Inventor
Hartwig Christian Bach
William Bruce Black
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Monsanto Co
Original Assignee
Monsanto Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Monsanto Co filed Critical Monsanto Co
Priority to AT84870051T priority Critical patent/ATE36729T1/de
Publication of EP0123667A2 publication Critical patent/EP0123667A2/fr
Publication of EP0123667A3 publication Critical patent/EP0123667A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0123667B1 publication Critical patent/EP0123667B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/28—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like while mixing different spinning solutions or melts during the spinning operation; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D01D5/30—Conjugate filaments; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
    • D01F8/14—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyester as constituent
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/28—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like while mixing different spinning solutions or melts during the spinning operation; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D01D5/30—Conjugate filaments; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D01D5/32—Side-by-side structure; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
    • D01F8/12—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyamide as constituent

Definitions

  • This invention relates to novel polyamide conjugate filaments having a high level of "high-load” crimp and to a novel process for producing such filaments.
  • high-load crimp means crimp (e.g., helical coils) being developed and/or retained during performance of the high-load crimp test hereafter defined.
  • low-load crimp means crimp developed and/or retained during performance of the low-load crimp test hereinafter defined.
  • Conjugate filaments and their preparation are well known in the art. Typically, their preparation comprises two completely separate and discontinuous operations; a melt spinning operation in which two different polymers are co-extruded to form as-spun filaments which are wound onto a bobbin to form a package, and a stretching operation in which the as-spun filaments are withdrawn from the bobbin, stretched and then wound onto a second bobbin to once again form a package.
  • the polymers may differ from one another with respect to, for example, their chemical structure (e.g., see U.S. Patent 4,019,311) or the polymers may have the same structure and be different because of a difference in relative viscosity (e.g., see U.S.
  • Patent 3,536,802 or because one polymer contains an additive that changes its morphology and the other polymer does not (e.g., see US Patent 4,271,233).
  • US Patents 4,244,907 and 4,202,854 describe a process for producing conjugate filaments wherein, instead of co-extruding two polymers, a single polymer is extruded to form a monocomponent molten stream that is treated, such as by subjecting the stream to one-sided cooling before it is completely solidified (e.g., see US Patent 4,244,907) or to one-sided heating immediately after it is solidified (e.g., see US Patent 4,202,854). In these instances the filament is stretched immediately after the one-sided treatment.
  • Conjugate filaments prepared by the prior art processes in general, lack the ability to develop crimp characteristics of the type required of filaments used in the construction of "stretch" garments such as leg hose, pantyhose, athletic wear, leotards, etc. For this reason most filaments heretofore used commercially for stretch garment applications are monocomponent nylon 66 or nylon 6 filaments that have been mechanically false-twist textured. Although the polyamide conjugate filaments described in US Patents 3,399,108 and 3,418,199 have the ability to develop adequate crimp having characteristics of the type required for stretch garment applications, the filaments are lacking in other respects as compared to the false-twist textured monocomponent nylon filaments.
  • the monocomponent filaments have lower boiling water shrinkage values and, therefore, offer greater dimensional stability to garments, such as hose, where the crimp is developed after the hose are knitted.
  • the crimp of the monocomponent filaments can be developed in the dye bath during conventional garment dyeing operations (i.e., in boiling water at atmospheric pressure), whereas the crimp of these conjugate filaments require a special treatment, i.e., superheated steam (118°C).
  • the present invention provides polyamide conjugate filaments having requisite high-load crimp and boiling water shrinkage characteristics for stretch garment applications and, especially, for ladies' leg hose.
  • the invention also provides a process for producing such polyamide filaments.
  • fresh filament is meant a filament which has not been allowed to age under conditions such that when stretched no substantial improvement is obtained as compared to characteristics obtained when a filament spun under the same conditions is aged for four (4) hours at 70% relative humidity and at a temperature of 25°C prior to stretching to the same stretch ratio.
  • Fresh filament characteristics can, in some instances, be preserved at least temporarily by collecting and maintaining the filament under anhydrous conditions until it is drawn as shown, for example, in Example 12 herein.
  • the process is a spin-stretch process wherein the stretching of the filament is accomplished in-line during melt spinning after the filament is formed and before it is collected.
  • the spin-stretch process comprises co-extruding two molten fiber-forming polyamides having different terminal velocity distances to form a molten stream in which the polyamides are arranged in side-by-side configuration along the length thereof, cooling and solidifying said molten stream in a quenching zone to form a filament (solidified molten stream), attenuating and accelerating said molten stream by withdrawing the filament from the quenching zone at a speed (i.e., spinning speed) of at least 1829 mpm and then stretching the filament at a stretch ratio greater than 1.0 in-line before it is collected and, preferably, as soon as possible after the molten stream has solidified, the processing conditions and polymers being selected to provide a filament having a high-load crimp test value of at least 12% and preferably 20%, and a boiling water shrinkage test value such that the quotient obtained by dividing said crimp test value by said boiling water shrinkage test value is at least 1.0.
  • the term "solidified” means the molten stream has cooled sufficiently so that it no longer sticks (i.e. fuses) to other filaments or to yarn guide surfaces.
  • Polymers having "different terminal velocity distances" are characterized in that under the particular spin-stretch conditions employed to form the molten stream the polymers solidify at different distances from their point of extrusion (i.e., at different distances from the spinneret). The measurement of terminal velocity distances is hereinafter described.
  • the highest high-load crimp test values and lowest boiling water shrinkage test values are attained by selecting highly crystalline homopolyamides, such as nylon 66 and to a lesser extent nylon 6.
  • both homo-polyamides are of the same chemical structure, that is, consist of recurring structural units of the same chemical formula.
  • Most preferably each polyamide is a nylon 66.
  • conjugate filaments prepared in accordance with the present invention have little or no torque (i.e., are substantially torque-free) and, therefore, offer certain advantages over false-twist textured filaments which contain substantial torque (i.e. are torque-lively).
  • the high-load crimp test (hereinafter defined) is used herein to determine the suitability of conjugate filaments for hosiery and other stretch garment applications.
  • the test value should be at least 12% and, preferably, at least 15%.
  • the high-load crimp test correlates very well to boiling water crimp tests for filaments prepared from two homopolyamides of the same chemical structure but of different terminal velocity distances.
  • Filament yarns of the present invention have been knitted into ladies' hose and have developed excellent crimp characteristics and exhibited acceptable boiling water shrinkage characteristics when the hose were placed without restraint in a dye bath.
  • the process of the present invention provides conjugate filaments having improved properties.
  • the process of the invention can be utilized to provide polyamide conjugate filaments which are particularly useful for ladies' leg hose applications.
  • helical crimp or filament splitting in the foregoing test, confirms the presence of differing dimensional change characteristics.
  • Conjugate filaments having segments differing from each other in longitudinal dimensional change characteristics can be produced by methods well known in the art, such as, by using polymers having different relative viscosities (e.g. see U.S. patent 3,536,802). There may be a distinct line of demarcation between the segments at their interface or, in some instances, merely a gradient change in composition of the filament across its cross-section.
  • the process is carried out using the equipment arrangement shown in Figure 1.
  • polyamides A and B of different terminal velocity distances are co-extruded at about the same melt temperature at a given speed (extrusion speed) in molten form through circular capillaries 2 and 3, respectively, of spinneret 1.
  • the molten polymers converge below the spinneret face to form molten stream 4 in which polyamides A and B are arranged, as segments, in a side-by-side configuration.
  • the formation of only one filament is shown in Figure 1.
  • the spinneret will normally have provisions for forming a plurality of molten streams; that is, the spinneret will have a plurality of capillary pairs 2 and 3.
  • Molten stream 4 is then quenched by conventional means to form a filament (i.e., solidified molten stream).
  • the filament is then passed into contact with finish applicator means 5 which applies a liquid finish to the filament. Where there is a plurality of filaments, the filaments are conveniently converged on applicator means 5.
  • the filament is then passed around feed roll 6 with a partial wrap, around stretch roll 7 with a partial wrap, heated by heating means 8 (e.g., a heated tube through which the filament passes) and finally collected by collecting means 9 (e.g., a bobbin on which the filament is wound).
  • Heating means 8 e.g., a heated tube through which the filament passes
  • collecting means 9 e.g., a bobbin on which the filament is wound.
  • Roll 6 is rotated at a peripheral speed of at least 1829 mpm.
  • Roll 7 is rotated at a peripheral speed greater than that of roll 6 but usually no greater than twice that of roll 6.
  • the partial wraps are of an angle sufficient to prevent slippage of the filament on the rolls.
  • the filament When the filament is collected on a bobbin, it should be collected at a speed less than the peripheral speed of roll 7, thereby permitting the filament to relax (retract) before it is collected; otherwise, difficulty is encountered in removing the bobbin from the chuck on which it is rotated, particuarly, where the filament or yarn makes a large number of wraps on the bobbin to form the package. In instances where the filament makes only a small number of wraps on the bobbin, heating of the filament by means 8 may be omitted.
  • the filament collected on the bobbin normally has both original crimp (visible crimp) which manifests itself when the spinning tension is released and latent crimp which can be developed by subsequent treatment of the yarn.
  • Figure 2 shows the cross-section of a typical conjugate filament prepared in accordance with the process of the invention wherein the ratio of segment A to segment B used in forming the filament is 1:1.
  • the spin-stretch process is carried out under processing conditions and using polyamides so as to provide a filament having a high-load crimp test value of at least 15% and a Crimp/BWS ratio value of at least 2 and most preferably values of at least 20% and 3, respectively.
  • the following discussion considers the effect of changing the indicated processing variable while leaving all other variables constant.
  • One segment of the conjugate filament is preferably formed from a rapidly crystallizable fiber-forming polyamide and the other from a less rapidly crystallizable fiber-forming polyamide.
  • This difference in crystallizability may be achieved by selecting polyamides having different terminal velocity distances. In general as the difference between their terminal velocity distances increases, the high-load crimp test value increases to or approaches a maximum value and thereafter remains substantially the same. In general, polymers become less crystallizable as the ratio of homopolymeric segments to copolymeric segments increases, for example, the crystallizability of nylon 66>nylon 66-6 (95:5)>nylon 66-6 (90:10)>nylon 66-6 (85:15).
  • nylon 66 and nylon 6 are preferred, with nylon 66 giving the highest high-load crimp test values and, therefore, being the preferred polyamide for use in practicing the invention.
  • Nylon copolymers are designated herein in a conventional manner, for example, "nylon 66-6" means the copolymer consisting of randomly occurring 66 units, and 6 units, -NH(CH 2 ) I CO-, formed, for example, by copolymerizing hexamethylene diammonium adipate and caprolactam. Mole ratios when given are given in parenthesis following the copolymer designation, for example, (95:5) means a mole ratio of 95:5, respectively.
  • the polyamide used to form one of the segments of the conjugate filament is composed of structural repeating units of the same chemical formula as the polyamide used to form the other segment, selection of polyamides differing from each other in relative viscosity values will provide the desired result in this process.
  • nylon 66 polyamides of different relative viscosities (RV) are used to form the segments, the difference in RV between the two nylon 66's should be at least 5, preferably at least 15 and most preferably at least 30 with the RV of the high RV nylon 66 being at least 30 and, preferably, at least 50 and most preferably at least 65.
  • nylon 66 is the preferred polyamide
  • other polyamides may be used in practicing the invention.
  • suitable homopolyamides include nylon 6 and nylon 610.
  • suitable copolyamides include, but are not limited to, those described in U.S. 3,399,108, 3,418,199, 3,558,760 and 3,667,207. Exmaples of such copolyamides are: nylon 6-66, nylon 66-610; nylon 66-610-611-612; nylon 66-612; nylon 66-61 nylon 66-6T nylon 66-6-612; nylon 6-66-610 and nylon 6-612.
  • the spinneret may be designed so that in forming a molten stream each of the molten polymers may be extruded through a separate capillary in such a manner that the molten polymers converge at the spinneret face to form the molten stream or the polymers may be combined and then extruded through a common spinneret capillary to form the molten stream.
  • each of the molten polymers be extruded through a separate capillary and converge below the spinneret face to form the molten stream as shown in Figure 1.
  • the one segment e.g. the low RV segment
  • the other segment e.g. high RV segment
  • the filament may be of any desired cross-section, e.g., circular, trilobal, etc. However, it is more economical to manufacture spinnerets having circular capillaries. Filaments having a cross-section resulting from the use of capillaries which are circular in cross-section are shown in Figure 2.
  • the volume ratio of the polyamide segments can vary over a wide range. As a practical matter, the segment system normally will be within the range of 3:1 to 1:3. In the case where both segments are nylon 66, a ratio of 1:1 to 1:3 (high to low relative viscosity) is preferred with the greatest amount of crimp being obtained with a ratio of about 30:70 (high to low relative viscosity).
  • Cooling of the molten streams normally occurs in a quench chamber, commonly referred to as a chimney.
  • the term "quench” as used herein means the cooling of the molten streams sufficiently to provide solidified streams (i.e., filaments). Although cooling of the streams may be assisted by a transverse (or concurrent) stream of flowing air, such a stream is not required in order to provide filaments having high levels of high-load crimp.
  • the filaments are passed from the quenching chamber through what is called a "steam conditioning" tube.
  • Steam is circulated through the tube and comes into intimate contact with the filaments.
  • the purpose of the steam is to facilitate subsequent processing of the filament. It has been found, however, that the use of conditioning steam with the spin-stretch process of this invention significantly reduces high-load crimp, i.e., to a level substantially below 10%. Accordingly, conditioning steam should not be used with the process when high-load crimp is desired or, if it is used, it should be used very sparingly.
  • Finish may be applied to the filaments by conventional means, for example, by passing the filaments over a roll which transfers finish on to the filaments from a reservoir in which the roll is partially submerged and rotating.
  • a stationary V-shaped guide may be used. The guide is arranged so that filaments ride in the V and a finish is metered to the filaments via a small tube.
  • a finish is not necessary in order to obtain the desired filament properties. However, if a finish is not used, the filaments become statically charged and difficult to handle, for example, when unwinding them from a bobbin.
  • the finish is preferably an aqueous finish (water per se or a water base finish) in view of the environmental considerations involved in the use of non-aqueous finishes.
  • the filaments are conveniently converged on the finish applicator means (e.g. the above mentioned finish guide). If desired, the filament may be converged by means of a conventional convergence guide after being quenched and prior to a finish being applied thereto.
  • the molten streams are attenuated and accelerated from the spinneret (or, when formed below the spinneret, from their point of formation) by a feed roll which withdraws the quenched streams (filaments) from the quenching zone at a spinning speed greater than the extrusion speed.
  • the extrusion speed is the linear speed at which the molten polyamide is theoretically travelling through the spinneret capillary or capillaries and is calculated from the dimensions of the capillary, the extrusion rate and the density of the polyamide. When more than one capillary is used to form the filament, the linear speeds are averaged and the average speed is used as the extrusion speed.
  • jet attenuation represents the quotient obtained by dividing the spinning speed (SS) by the extrusion speed (ES). It has been found that increasing jet attenuation has little effect on the high-load crimp.
  • the spinning speed in order to obtain filaments having a high level of high-load crimp, the spinning speed must be at least 1829 mpm.
  • spinning speeds of at least 2286 mpm and most preferably at least 2743 mpm are used in practicing the process of the invention. In general, increasing the spinning speed and other processing speeds accordingly improves the economics of the process.
  • the filaments are stretched in-line before being collected, for example, before being wound onto a bobbin.
  • the filaments will not possess a significant level of high-load crimp even through they may possess a moderate level of low-load crimp. It has been discovered however, that if the filaments are spun and collected under anhydrous conditions and kept under anhydrous conditions for a limited period of time until subsequently stretched, it is possible to obtain filaments having a high-load crimp level in excess of 8% even though the stretching of the filaments is accomplished in an operation subsequent to and separate from the spinning operation. However, such conditions are usually not practical from the standpoint of commercial operations.
  • the stretching is preferably accomplished using a roll arrangement as shown in Figure 1 wherein roll 6 is a feed roll and roll 7 is a stretch roll.
  • the stretch roll is operated at a peripheral speed higher than the peripheral speed of the feed roll.
  • the filaments are stretched as they leave feed roll 6.
  • the stretch ratio is increased from 1
  • the level of highload crimp imparted to the filaments increases through a maximum level and thereafter decreases slightly.
  • maximum high-load crimp test values are attained when the filaments are stretched at a ratio greater than 1.0. In many instances use of a stretch ratio greater than 2.0 can not be used without breaking filaments.
  • the stretching of the filaments may occur downstream of the feed roll; for example, between two pairs of rolls where the first pair is rotating at the same peripheral speed as that of the feed roll and the second pair at a higher peripheral speed.
  • the filaments are stretched as soon as possible after being quenched.
  • the stretching can be delayed for long periods of time (i.e., minutes, even hours), providing the filaments are kept under anhydrous conditions. Under such conditions an anhydrous finish or no finish at all must be used.
  • an anhydrous finish is preferably used to be certain the level of high-load crimp is not significantly reduced.
  • the period of time between quenching and stretching is significantly greater than about 4 seconds, the filaments may also need to be kept in an anhydrous environment. Whether or not an anhydrous finish and/or anhydrous environment provide satisfactory results can easily be determined experimentally. Where the filaments are stretched within a few seconds after quench the use of an aqueous finish and ambient conditions has very little, if any, effect on the high-load crimp level obtained by the process.
  • the heating of the yarn may be accomplished by exposing the yarn to radiant heat or by passing the filaments through a tube heated with air. It is also contemplated that the yarn may be heated by maintaining the stretch roll at a suitable temperature to heat the filaments.
  • the yarn should not be heated in a manner or to a temperature that would significantly reduce its crimp. In this regard it has been found that the use of steam to heat the yarn tends to significantly reduce the high-load crimp level. Therefore, the use of steam to effect the heat relaxation of the filaments is not recommended where high levels of high-load crimp are desired.
  • Relative viscosity (RV) values when given herein, are given without units.
  • the intrinsic .viscosity [n] of the polymer is determined and then the relative viscosity (RV) is calculated from the equation:
  • High-load crimp test values when given herein, are given in terms of percent (%) and are determined on a sample of filament(s) prior to development of its latent crimp, as follows:
  • Low-load crimp test values when given herein, are given in terms of percent (%) and are determined from a sample of filament(s) before development of its latent crimp, as follows:
  • the process is carried out by co-extruding through a spinneret two polymers (e.g., Polymer A and Polymer B) having different Terminal Velocity Distances, Polymer A and Polymer B being joined to form a molten stream that is solidified in a quenching zone to form a filament and being attenuated and accelerated by withdrawing the filament from the quenching zone at a speed (spinning speed) of at least 1829 mpm.
  • the velocity of a molten stream continually increases up to the point at which it solidifies at which point its velocity corresponds to the spinning speed.
  • the Terminal Velocity Distance of Polymer A is determined under the same conditions used when co-extruding Polymer A and B except in this instance only Polymer A is extruded.
  • a Laser Doppler Velocimeter using a He-Ne laser with optics for 9 mm beam separation and 250 mm focal length and using a counter type signal processor Model 1980 built by TSI, Inc., St. Paul, Minnesota (or equivalent instrument) is used to determine the point at which the molten stream consisting entirely of Polymer A attains its maximum or terminal velocity. The distance from the spinneret to this point is measured and recorded as the Terminal Velocity Distance of Polymer A.
  • the Terminal Velocity Distance of Polymer B is then determined in the same manner. The actual Terminal Velocity Distance values are not important so long as the values are different.
  • This example illustrates the preparation of conjugate filaments of the present invention in which a high relative viscosity nylon 66 is used to form one of the segments and a lower relative viscosity nylon 66 is used to form the other segment.
  • the extrusion temperature is 285°C and the extrusion rate is 0.11896 cm 3 /sec/capillary.
  • a convergence guide (metered finish pin) is located 91.44 cm from the face of the spinneret.
  • the finish pin is rectangular in shape with its long axis being parallel to the threadline.
  • the pin is grooved to receive and converge the seven filaments.
  • Aqueous finish is metered to the groove and into contact with the converged filaments.
  • the filaments are quenched enroute to the finish pin by means of a cross-flow (2.83 m 3 /min) of ambient air.
  • the filaments in the form of a yarn are withdrawn from the finish pin at 2858 mpm (i.e. spinning speed) by means of a driven roll (feed roll) around which the yarn makes a partial wrap.
  • the feed roll is 19 cm in diameter and located 6.1 m from the face of the spinneret.
  • the yarn is withdrawn from the feed roll at 4572 mpm by means of a stretch roll around which the yarn also makes a partial wrap.
  • the stretch roll is also 19 cm in diameter. The distance between the centers of the two rolls is 63 cm.
  • the feed roll and stretch roll are arranged to prevent slippage of the yarn on the rolls.
  • the yarn is withdrawn from the stretch roll and wound onto a bobbin by means of a conventional winder at a yarn tension of 9.8x10- 3 N (1.0 g). Enroute to the bobbin from the stretch roll the yarn passes between, but not in contact with, two strip heaters (30.48 cm by 10.16 cm) placed 6.35 mm apart face-to-face and heated to about 275°C.
  • the yarn relaxes between the stretch roll and bobbin an amount equal to the quotient obtained by dividing the difference between the peripheral speed of the stretch roll (S,) and the winding speed (S 2 ) by (S,), i.e.: In this instance the hot relaxation is 0.098 or 9.8%.
  • a second bobbin of yarn is prepared and collected under identical conditions, except in this instance the heaters are eliminated from the process.
  • the processing conditions used in making the two bobbins of yarn are summarized below: The effect of eliminating hot relaxation is shown in Table 1.
  • This example shows the effect on crimp and tenacity of varying feed roll speeds (spinning speeds) from 1486 to 4572 mpm, stretch roll speeds from 2743 to 5486 mpm and in-line stretch ratios from 1.1 to 1.85.
  • the highest high-load crimp values are obtained at spinning speeds (feed roll speeds) of 2743 mpm and higher and in-line stretch ratios of 1.2 or higher.
  • yarns are prepared as in series 4D except a stretch roll speed of 5486 mpm is used.
  • the conditions used are:
  • yarns are prepared as in Example 5.
  • the RV of the high RV polyamide is varied while the RV of the low RV polyamide is held constant.
  • the conditions used are:
  • Example 5 As in Example 5, the results show that high-load crimp increases with increase in ARV.
  • Example 6 shows the effect of varying the melt ratio on high-load crimp and low-load crimp.
  • the yarns are prepared as in Example 6 using the following conditions:
  • Example 2 This example illustrates the effects of steam conditioning the yarn on crimp.
  • Yarns are prepared as in Example 1 except that the filaments are passed through a tube (steam conditioning tube) having a diameter of 12.7 cm and a length of 182.9 cm.
  • the tube is placed 132 cm from the face of the spinneret. Steam is introduced into the tube through ports located near the filament inlet end of the tube. The following conditions are used:
  • This example illustrates the use of spinnerets constructed in such a way that the polymer streams converge at a point other than below the spinneret face.
  • two yarns of different denier (9AA and 9AB) are prepared as in Example 1 except in this instance a spinneret is used in which the two angled capillaries (polymer streams) join at the spinneret face rather than below the spinneret face as shown in Fig. 1.
  • the following conditions are used:
  • This example illustrates the preparation of yarns in accordance with the invention wherein the high viscosity and/or low viscosity polyamide is a polyamide other than nylon 66.
  • yarns are made from nylon 610 and nylon 66 using the following conditions:
  • yarns are made from nylon 66 and nylon 6 using the following conditions:
  • yarns are made from nylon 6 using the following conditions:
  • yarns are made from nylon 66 and a nylon 66-612 (50:50) copolymer using the following conditions:
  • yarns are prepared under the same conditions employed in Series 10D except in this instance the copolymer is the high RV polymer and the homopolymer is the low RV polymer.
  • the following conditions are used:
  • yarns are prepared under the same conditions employed in Series 10E except in this instance the polyamides are:
  • This example demonstrates the effect on high-load crimp of using an aqueous finish (Aq) versus an anhydrous finish (Anhy) in instances where the stretching of the filaments is an in-line stretch versus a post stretch in a separate operation.
  • a series of yarns are prepared as in Example 1 using the following conditions:
  • Post stretching is done between two pairs of rotating rolls, a first pair rotating at a peripheral speed of 2858 mpm and a second pair rotating at a peripheral speed of 4572 mpm.
  • Table 12 show that considerable high-load crimp is lost if the yarn is lagged before stretching. Compare items 12A and B to 12C and D and 12E and F to 12G through J. The results also show that moisture has an adverse effect on the power crimp of lagged yarn (compare 12C to 12D) and worsens with time (compare 12D to 12H to 12J).

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Multicomponent Fibers (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)

Claims (32)

1. Filament comprenant deux segments longitudinaux de polyamides disposés dans une configuration côte à côte sur la longueur du filament et différant l'un de l'autre dans la caractéristique de changement de la dimension longitudinale, le filament étant caractérisé en étant sensiblement exempt de torsion et ayant une valeur dans le test de la frisure sous charge élevée d'au moins 12% et une valeur dans le test du rétrécissement dans l'eau bouillante tel que le quotient obtenu en divisant la valeur du test de la frisure par la valeur du test de rétrécissement est au moins un.
2. Filament selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le rapport en volume des segments est compris entre 3:1 et 1:3.
3. Filament selon l'une ou l'autre des revendications 1 et 2, dans lequel le quotient est au moins 2.
4. Filament selon la revendication 3, dans lequel la valeur, du test de la frisure est au moins 15%.
5. Filament selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le quotient est au moins 3.
6. Filament selon la revendication 5, dans lequel la valeur du test de la frisure est au moins 18%.
7. Filament selon la revendication 5, dans lequel la valeur du test de la frisure est au moins 20%.
8. Filament selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel l'un des segments est essentiellement constitué d'un homopolyamide et l'autre segment est essentiellement constitué d'un copolymère.
9. Filament selon la revendication 8, dans lequel l'homopolyamide est du nylon 66.
10. Filament selon la revendication 8, dans lequel l'homopolyamide est du nylon 6.
11. Filament selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, dans lequel chaque segment est essentiellement constitué d'un homopolyamide.
12. Filament selon la revendication 11, dans lequel un segment est constitué essentiellement de nylon 66 et l'autre segment est essentiellement constitué de nylon 6.
13. Filament selon la revendication 11, dans lequel chaque segment est constitué essentiellement de nylon 6.
14. Filament selon la revendication 11, dans lequel chaque segment est constitué essentiellement de nylon 66.
15. Procédé de filage-étirage pour produire un filament conjugué, le procédé comprenant la co-extrusion de deux polyamides aptes à former des fibres à l'état fondu ayant des distances différentes pour la vitesse terminale afin de constituer un courant d'une masse fondue dans lequel les polyamides sont disposées dans une configuration côte à côte suivant leur longueur, le refroidissement et la solidification du courant de la masse fondue dans une zone de refroidissement pour former un filament, caractérisé par l'atténuation et l'accélération du courant de la masse fondue en extrayant le filament de la zone de refroidissement à une vitesse d'au moins 1829 m/mn, puis en étirant le filament en ligne à un rapport d'étirage supérieur à 1,0 avant d'être recueilli, les conditions de traitement et les polyamides étant choisis pour fournir un filament ayant une valeur dans le test de la frisure sous charge élevée d'au moins 12% et une valeur du rétrécissement dans l'eau bouillante telle que le quotient obtenu en divisant la valeur de la frisure par la valeur du test de rétrécissement dans l'eau bouillante soit au moins 1,0.
16. Procédé selon la revendication 15, dans lequel la vitesse est au moins 2286 m/mn.
17. Procédé selon la revendication 15, dans lequel la vitesse est au moins 2743 m/mn.
18. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 15 à 17, dans lequel le filament est étiré moins de 4 secondes après solidification du courant de la masse fondue.
19. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 15 à 17, dans lequel le filament est étiré moins de 1 seconde après solidification du courant de la masse fondue.
20. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 15 à 19, dans lequel les conditions de filage et les polyamides sont choisis de manière à fournir un filament ayant une valeur dans le test de la frisure d'au moins 15% et un quotient d'au moins 2,0.
21. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 15 à 19, dans lequel les conditions de filage et les polyamides sont choisis pour fournir un filament ayant une valeur dans le test de la frisure d'au moins 20% et un quotient d'au moins 3,0.
22. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 15 à 21, dans lequel les polyamides sont extrudés dans un rapport en volume compris entre 3:1 à 1:3.
23. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 15 à 22 dans lequel chaque polyamide est un homopolyamide.
24. Procédé selon la revendication 23, dans lequel un homopolyamide est un nylon 66 et l'autre est un nylon 6.
25. Procédé selon la revendication 23, dans lequel un homopolyamide est un nylon 6 et l'autre homopolyamide est un nylon 6 ayant une viscosité relative différente.
26. Procédé selon la revendication 23, dans lequel un homopolyamide est un nylon 66 et l'autre homopolyamide est un nylon 66 ayant une viscosité relative différente.
27. Procédé selon la revendication 26, dans lequel les polyamides sont extrudés dans un rapport en volume de 1:1 à 1:3, entre le nylon 66 à viscosité relative élevée et le nylon 66 à faible viscosité relative.
28. Procédé selon soit la revendication 26 soit la revendication 27, dans lequel la différence entre les viscosités relatives des nylons est au moins 15.
29. Procédé selon soit la revendication 26 soit la revendication 27, dans lequel la différence entre les viscosités relatives des nylons est au moins 30.
30. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 26 à 29, dans lequel un nylon 66 a une viscosité relative d'au moins 50 et l'autre nylon 66 a une viscosité relative inférieure à 50.
31. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 26 à 29, dans lequel un nylon 66 a une viscosité relative d'au moins 65 et l'autre nylon 66 a une viscosité relative inférieure à 65.
32. Filé comprenant un ou plusieurs filaments selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 14.
EP84870051A 1983-04-11 1984-04-10 Filaments conjugués et procédé pour leur fabrication Expired EP0123667B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84870051T ATE36729T1 (de) 1983-04-11 1984-04-10 Verbundfaeden und verfahren zur herstellung derselben.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US48411083A 1983-04-11 1983-04-11
US484110 1983-04-11

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0123667A2 EP0123667A2 (fr) 1984-10-31
EP0123667A3 EP0123667A3 (en) 1986-02-05
EP0123667B1 true EP0123667B1 (fr) 1988-08-24

Family

ID=23922783

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84870051A Expired EP0123667B1 (fr) 1983-04-11 1984-04-10 Filaments conjugués et procédé pour leur fabrication

Country Status (15)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0123667B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS6028514A (fr)
KR (1) KR870000413B1 (fr)
AR (1) AR231846A1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE36729T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2669584A (fr)
BR (1) BR8401666A (fr)
CA (1) CA1226113A (fr)
DE (1) DE3473618D1 (fr)
DK (1) DK184784A (fr)
ES (1) ES531410A0 (fr)
FI (1) FI841410A (fr)
IL (1) IL71492A0 (fr)
NO (1) NO841416L (fr)
ZA (1) ZA842656B (fr)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0200703A3 (fr) * 1985-04-22 1989-01-18 Monsanto Company Fil de nylon partiellement orienté et son procédé de fabrication
JPS61245311A (ja) * 1985-04-22 1986-10-31 モンサント　コンパニ− 改良された部分的配向ナイロンヤ−ンとその製造法
JP2001164427A (ja) * 1999-09-30 2001-06-19 Unitika Ltd ポリアミド潜在捲縮糸及びその製造方法
JP2002363828A (ja) * 2001-06-06 2002-12-18 Toray Ind Inc 貼合型複合繊維およびその製造方法
JP2002363827A (ja) * 2001-06-06 2002-12-18 Unitika Ltd ポリアミド潜在捲縮糸及びその製造方法
CN114207200A (zh) * 2019-07-31 2022-03-18 东丽株式会社 聚酰胺复合纤维和加工丝
CN111041577B (zh) * 2019-12-24 2022-03-18 江苏恒力化纤股份有限公司 Pet/改性pet双组份弹性丝及其制备方法
CN114775081B (zh) * 2022-04-02 2023-07-04 东华大学 一种用于并列复合纺丝界面控制的组件结构

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3399108A (en) * 1965-06-18 1968-08-27 Du Pont Crimpable, composite nylon filament and fabric knitted therefrom
FR95767E (fr) * 1964-10-01 1971-06-25 Du Pont Filaments frisables de polyamides et procédé de préparation.
US3675408A (en) * 1969-12-31 1972-07-11 Ici Ltd Polyamide filaments
FR2408668A1 (fr) * 1977-11-10 1979-06-08 Rhone Poulenc Textile Filament a double constituant en polyamides et son procede d'obtention
JPS584094A (ja) * 1981-06-30 1983-01-11 東鴻建設股「ぶん」有限公司 低路交差の建設方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES8506114A1 (es) 1985-06-16
NO841416L (no) 1984-10-12
ATE36729T1 (de) 1988-09-15
AR231846A1 (es) 1985-03-29
DE3473618D1 (en) 1988-09-29
ZA842656B (en) 1984-11-28
IL71492A0 (en) 1984-07-31
KR840008703A (ko) 1984-12-17
FI841410A (fi) 1984-10-12
ES531410A0 (es) 1985-06-16
CA1226113A (fr) 1987-09-01
EP0123667A2 (fr) 1984-10-31
DK184784A (da) 1984-10-12
DK184784D0 (da) 1984-04-10
BR8401666A (pt) 1984-11-20
AU2669584A (en) 1984-10-18
FI841410A0 (fi) 1984-04-10
EP0123667A3 (en) 1986-02-05
JPS6028514A (ja) 1985-02-13
KR870000413B1 (ko) 1987-03-09

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US4601949A (en) Conjugate filaments and process for producing same
US4424257A (en) Self-crimping multi-component polyamide filament wherein the components contain differing amounts of polyolefin
KR840000771B1 (ko) 자기권축성 단일성분 섬유의 제조방법
US4237187A (en) Highly oriented, partially drawn, untwisted, compact poly(ε-caproamide) yarn
US4521484A (en) Self-crimping polyamide filaments
US4522774A (en) Integrated process for the production of textured polycaprolactam multifilament yarn
US4740339A (en) Process for producing conjugate filaments
EP0123667B1 (fr) Filaments conjugués et procédé pour leur fabrication
US3944708A (en) Synthetic fibers and process for making same
US3975484A (en) Manufacture of crimped polyamide filaments yarn
US5093061A (en) Deep dyeing conjugate yarn processes
JP2003505614A (ja) Ｐｔｔスフ及びその製造方法
US4596742A (en) Partially oriented nylon yarn and process
US3949041A (en) Method for texturing synthetic filament yarn
EP3299500A1 (fr) Fil conjugué âme-gaine hygroscopique et procédé de production de celui-ci
US3667207A (en) Crimpable composite polyamide yarn
US4619803A (en) Self-texturing nylon yarn spinning process
US3556927A (en) Compound filament of two polymers with different shrinkage capacities
WO2001068498A1 (fr) Canette pour fil allonge
JP2002500281A (ja) 中空断面を持つマルチフィラメント編織用糸、これらの糸の製造方法及びそれらの糸より得た編織表面
JPS5830407B2 (ja) ポリカプラミドフイラメントヤ−ン
CA1108832A (fr) File a texture laineuse capillaire
KR880000295B1 (ko) 텍스쳐드 멀티 필라멘트사의 일관 제조방법
JPS5947047B2 (ja) ポリアミド捲縮加工糸の製造法
US20050233144A1 (en) High tenacity polyester yarns

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB IT LI LU NL SE

PUAL Search report despatched

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB IT LI LU NL SE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19860628

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19870731

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB IT LI LU NL SE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Effective date: 19880824

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED.

Effective date: 19880824

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: THE PATENT HAS BEEN ANNULLED BY A DECISION OF A NATIONAL AUTHORITY

Effective date: 19880824

Ref country code: BE

Effective date: 19880824

Ref country code: AT

Effective date: 19880824

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 36729

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19880915

Kind code of ref document: T

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 3473618

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19880929

EN Fr: translation not filed
PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Effective date: 19890410

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19890430

Ref country code: LI

Effective date: 19890430

Ref country code: CH

Effective date: 19890430

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Effective date: 19891101

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee
NLV4 Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Effective date: 19900103