EP0119044B1 - Procédé de texturation par jet d'air - Google Patents

Procédé de texturation par jet d'air Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0119044B1
EP0119044B1 EP19840301407 EP84301407A EP0119044B1 EP 0119044 B1 EP0119044 B1 EP 0119044B1 EP 19840301407 EP19840301407 EP 19840301407 EP 84301407 A EP84301407 A EP 84301407A EP 0119044 B1 EP0119044 B1 EP 0119044B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
yarn
feed
drawn
roll system
conducting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19840301407
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0119044A2 (fr
EP0119044A3 (en
Inventor
Samuel T. Price
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Enterprise Machine & Development Corp
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Enterprise Machine & Development Corp
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Publication of EP0119044A3 publication Critical patent/EP0119044A3/en
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Publication of EP0119044B1 publication Critical patent/EP0119044B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/16—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics using jets or streams of turbulent gases, e.g. air, steam
    • D02G1/165—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics using jets or streams of turbulent gases, e.g. air, steam characterised by the use of certain filaments or yarns
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/16—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics using jets or streams of turbulent gases, e.g. air, steam
    • D02G1/162—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics using jets or streams of turbulent gases, e.g. air, steam with provision for imparting irregular effects to the yarn

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a process for the production of a continuous filament yarn of very high shrinkage potential including the steps of feeding a continuous filament, at least partially-orientated, synthetic, polymeric, feed yarn to and through a feed roll system and thence to and through a draw roll system and guiding the drawn yarn to a take-up system.
  • Bulky or crimped yarns composed of continuous synthetic fibre-forming polymers such as polyester and polyamide can be produced by feeding yarn filaments with overfeed to an air jettexturizer to produce a large number of random loops or crimps in the yarn.
  • the type and degree of texture in the product yarn produced by such techniques depends upon the amount of twist in the feed yarn and on the amount of overfeed in the texturing jet.
  • the product yarn is generally spooled under tension but this product generally has poor linear stability and high boiling shrinkage values.
  • the yarns are characterised by the presence of many ring-like or crunodal loops at irregular intervals along the surface of the yarn and internally in the yarn bundle.
  • U.S. Patent specification 4,338,776 describes a process and apparatus for producing a crimped continuous multifilament yarn by the sequential steps of air-jet texturizing to form multiple, random, filamentary loops, immediately pulling out metastable loops formed in the yarn without heating and without stretching or deforming the yarn filaments, next shrinking and heat setting the yarn at a temperature of about 150°-245°C., and then winding the yarn on to a spool at a predetermined yarn tension.
  • the non-crimped, multifilament, feed yarn is conducted through an air jet texturizing nozzle at an overfeed rate said to be sufficient to form multiple random loops in the individual filaments, including some proportion of unstable loops.
  • the yarn is conducted to feed and draw rolls in a heat-free condition such that at least some of the unstable loops are pulled out of the yarn.
  • U.S. Patent Specification 4,244,171 describes a method forthe preparation of bulkablefilamentary yarn, the method including the steps of introducing a drawn yarn into a fluid turbulency jet to create intermittent arc-like loops along the length of the yarn and then subjecting the yarn, under tension, to heat treatment whereby the arc-like loops are caused to shrink freely, becoming parallel to a major portion of the yarn.
  • British Patent No. 1,216,810 describes a quite different process wherein steam treatment is used to cause activation and development of a latent crimping characteristic of the yarn, producing a bulky textured yarn.
  • the present invention provides an effective and inexpensive method for producing air jet textured yarns with substantially no unstable or wild loops.
  • One product of this invention results from the high shrinkage inherent in cold-drawn, partially orientated, polyester, polyamide and similar yarns.
  • the linear behaviour of these yarns produced by a process embodying the invention is controlled by tension at the entrance and exit ends of a steam chamber wherein a modest latent stretch is deliberately retained in order to improve the transverse fibre properties resulting in enhanced fabric resilience.
  • the term "fully- orientated yarn” denotes a polymeric yarn drawn to such an extent that its molecules are fully orientated and very little further extensibility is possible in a cold, i.e. unheated, condition without breaking. This is the most stable yarn condition, total recovery or relaxation occurring on heating in an unrestrained state; however, there is a loss of transverse quality or resilience of the yarn.
  • Undrawn yarn denotes continuous filament yarn in a totally undrawn state or as-spun condition.
  • partially orientated yarn denotes a polymeric yarn drawn to an extent such that its molecules are somewhat or “partially” orientated, but the extent of draw is less than that for fully drawn yarn.
  • the resilience of partially drawn yarn is improved compared to fully drawn yarn, resulting in improved wrinkle resistance in fabrics made from such yarn.
  • spun yarn denotes any yarn made from relatively short discontinuous yarn ends that are reconstituted by twist or other means to form continuous lengths of yarn of commercial usefulness. These yarns can be made of synthetics or of nature fibres such as cotton or wool.
  • the process of the present invention is characterised by the steps of conducting said drawn yarn prior to take up to and through a second feed roll system which feeds said yarn at a controlled rate into and through a steam chamber containing saturated steam, the yarn exiting the steam chamber being conducted to and through a fourth feed roll system in cooperation with said second feed roll system to restrain and control the linear shrinkage of said yarn within the steam chamber and thence guiding the drawn and steam treated yarn to the take-up system, thereby producing a highly resilient filament yarn exhibiting less than fully orientated fibre birefringence.
  • the process hereinafter described serves to produce highly-resilient, textured, continuous, multifilament, polymeric yarns and combinations of such yarns with other continuous filament yarns and with spun yarns.
  • the unstable or wild loops which form in conventional air jet textured yarns are substantially eliminated in the product yams of the novel process.
  • the product yarns are preferably formed by continuously drawing polymeric yarn under controlled temperature conditions, texturing the yarn in an air jet texturizer and subjecting the textured yarn to saturated steam while restraining the linear shrinkage of the yarn in the presence of the steam, followed by continuous take-up of the yarn on a package.
  • partially orientated polyester yarn could be cold drawn, i.e. in the absence of heat, bulked with an air jet texturizer and then passed through a steam chamber using steam at (25 to 30 pounds per square inch), there being restraining rolls at the entrance and exit ends of the steam chamber to restrain and control the shrinkage of the yarn while in the steam chamber.
  • the linear speed of the yarn through the exit rolls is in the range of about 0.8 to 2.0 times the linear speed of the yarn through the entrance rolls, the linear shrinkage of the yarn being in the range of about 20 to about 100 per cent.
  • the highly resilient yarns produced by processes according to this invention are characterized by having less than complete fibre orientation as manifested, for example, by exhibiting less than fully drawn fibre birefringence. This characteristic is defined as the difference between the principal refractive index in the stretch direction and the principal refractive index perpendicular to the stretch direction.
  • the yarn produced by processes according to this invention may be combined with virtually any other yarn including, without limitation, continuous filament polyester, polyamide, polyolefin, cellulose acetate, and other similar yarns, as well as spun yarns including synthetics and natural fibres such as cotton. While not fully understood, it is believed that upon restrained linear shrinkage in the steam chamber, the wild loops in the drawn yarn gather in the companion yarn such as cotton and hold the latter in intimate contact.
  • Cold drawn, untextured but steam-treated yarns produced by processes according to this invention are believed to be useful in otherwise conventional core effect yarn systems to produce economically synthetic yarns which are silk-like both in tactile and in visual character.
  • the yarns produced by processes according to this invention include conventional fine denier applications of single or multiple ends of continuous filaments for use in apparel and other applications including sewing thread and fenestration yarns.
  • Spun yarns can be combined with continuous filament yarns by employing the shrinkage of the filament loops to trap filament ends in the spun yarn and establish an integrated product.
  • Processes in accordance with the invention can also be applied to destab- lilized fully drawn yarns by drawing with a subsequent reduction of the wild loops by steam treating resulting in improved yarns for sewing thread, upholstery and fenestration yarns.
  • Means are further provided by which short, but random, nonuniformities can be introduced to overcome the plastics-like appearance of conventional continuous filament products.
  • the heating can be accomplished by using heated feed rolls 10 and 10' and draw rolls 12 and 12' (or a heating device intermediate the sets of rolls) and wrapping the filaments about these rolls several times to provide residence time under temperature.
  • the drawn yarn is guided to an air jet texturizer 14 by guides 8 where it may be combined with another yarn 30 fed from package 6 which may be a spun yarn, not drawn, for example.
  • the textured multifilament yarn 36 exciting the air jet texturizer is guided to and through second feed rolls 16 and 16' and into and through the steam chamber 18 where it is subjected to saturated steam at about 104°C to about 148°C.
  • the steam treated yarn passes through rolls 20 and 20' which, as aforesaid, control the speed, tension and thus the linear shrinkage of the yarn bundle at desired degrees.
  • the highly resilient drawn, textured and steam-treated yarn 38 is then wound upon yarn package 22, with the aid of stabilizer roll 24, thus providing the product yarn according to this invention.
  • Fig. 2 illustrates schematically the stable crunodal loops 39 in multifilament yarn 36 produced by conventional texturing means and random unstable loops 37. Following steam treatment the unstable loops are substantially eliminated as depicted in Fig. 3.
  • a core and effect yarn is produced as depicted in Figs. 4 and 5.
  • feed yarns 44 and 46 fed from yarn supplies 40 and 42, respectively proceed through otherwise conventional core and effect yarn apparatus.
  • At least one of the feed yarns is made as described in connection with Fig. 1 but eliminating the air jet texturing. That is, at least one of the feed yarns in Fig. 4 has been drawn but not steam treated or textured as shown in Fig. 1.
  • the core yarn 44 in Fig. 4 is fed at a constant rate through the roll system and to and through the air jet texturizer 66.
  • the effect yarn 46 is caused to create thick sections by overfeeding this yarn, that is to say overfeeding the effect yarn 46 with respect to the core yarn 44, at desired time intervals by means of roll 60 and roll 58 causing yarn 46 to overfeed to jet 66.
  • rocker arm 56 is caused to disengage roll 58 from roll 60 and roll 54 in cooperation with roll 52 slows the speed of filament 46, thereby producing a thin section.
  • core yarn 44 may be caused to create the thick sections, this being achieved by overfeeding core yarn 44 with respect to effect yarn 46.
  • the engagement or disengagement of rolls 54 and 58 can be controlled as desired using known fluidics techniques, not shown except for air signal tube 55.
  • spring mechanism 57 Upon removal of the air signal, spring mechanism 57 causes rolls 52 and 54 to disengage and rolls 58 and 60 to engage to overfeed yarn 46.
  • the textured yarn 68 exiting the air jet is guided to and through feed rolls 16 and 16' and into and through the steam chamber 18 where it is subjected to saturated steam.
  • the steam treated yarn passes through rolls 20 and 20' which control the speed, tension and linear shrinkage of the yarn at desired degrees.
  • the thick and thin core and effect yarn 68 produced according to this method is collected on take-up roll 70 with the aid of stabilizer roll 72. This yarn so produced should have a broad range of more exotic end uses, with a broad range of appearance and slub density tailored for style, having tactile and visual characteristics of silk.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)

Claims (10)

1. Procédé de production d'un fil à filaments continus d'une très haute force de rétrécissement, comprenant les phases d'amenée d'un fil d'alimentation polymère, synthétique, au moins partiellement orienté, à filaments continus, à et à travers un système de cylindres entraîneurs (10, 10') et de là à et à travers un système de cylindres d'étirage (12, 12'), et de guidage du fil étiré vers un système de renvidage (22, 24), caractérisé par les phases suivantes: l'envoi du fil étiré susdit, avant le renvidage, vers et à travers un second système de cylindres entraîneurs (16, 16'), qui alimente ce fil à une vitesse contrôlée vers et à travers une chambre à vapeur (18) contenant de la vapeur saturée, le fil sortant de la chambre à vapeur étant envoyé à et à travers un quatrième système de cylindres entraîneurs (20, 20') en coopération avec le second système susdit de cylindres entraîneurs (16, 16') pour limiter et contrôler le rétrécissement linéaire du fil susdit dans la chambre à vapeur, et ensuite le guidage du fil étiré et traité à la vapeur vers le système de renvidage (22, 24), en produisant de la sorte un fil à filaments très élastique, montrant une biréfringence inférieure à celle de fibres totalement orientées.
2. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le fil d'alimentation est un polyester, un polyamide, une polyoléfine, un polymère vinylique ou un polymère acrylique.
3. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend les phases suivantes: l'envoi du fil étiré susdit à un système de texturation par jet d'air (14), avant son alimentation au système susdit de cylindres entraîneurs (16, 16'), le passage du bout de fil susdit à travers ce jet pour former ainsi des boucles désordonnées multiples dans ce bout de fil, notamment une certaine proportion de boucles instables désordonnées, et ensuite l'envoi du fil quittant le jet d'air susdit vers et à travers le second système de cylindres entraîneurs (16, 16').
4. Procédé suivant la revendication 3 pour la production d'un fil multifilamentaire, continu, texturé, élastique, caractérisé par les phases suivantes: la combinaison, à l'entrée du système de texturation par jet d'air (14), du fil étiré susdit avec au moins un autre fil, l'envoi des fils combinés à travers le système à jet d'air précité, en formant de la sorte des boucles désordonnées multiples dans les filaments individuels, y compris certaines proportions de boucles instables désordonnées, et l'envoi du fil multifilamentaire quittant le système à jet d'air vers et à travers le second système de cylindres entraîneurs (16,16').
5. Procédé suivant la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que l'autre fil d'alimentation susdit est un fil d'alimentation polymère, synthétique, à filaments continus, et en ce qu'il comprend les phases supplémentaires suivantes: l'alimentation d'au moins un bout de cet autre fil d'alimentation à et à travers un second système de cylindres entraîneurs (10, 10') et de là vers et à travers un second système de cylindres d'étirage (12, 12'), de sorte que cet autre fil d'alimentation est étiré, et l'envoi de cet autre fil d'alimentation étiré vers l'entrée du système à jet d'air en vue de le combiner avec le fil étiré précité.
6. Procédé suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le fil d'alimentation susdit est un fil partiellement orienté qui est étiré sous des conditions sans chauffage dans ce procédé.
7. Procédé suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le fil d'alimentation susdit est un fil pleinement orienté et en ce qu'il est étiré d'environ 20 à environ 35% à température élevée.
8. Procédé suivant la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que cet autre fil est un fil à filaments continus de polyester, de polyamide, de polyoléfine, d'acétate de cellulose ou un filé.
9. Procédé suivant la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que cet autre fil est un fil de coton.
10. Procédé de production d'un fil de fantaisie et à âme, multifilamentaire, continu, texturé, très élastique, comprenant les phases suivantes: l'amenée d'un fil d'alimentation polymère, synthétique, partiellement orienté, à filaments continus, à et à travers un système de cylindres entraîneurs (52, 54) et de là à et à travers un système de cylindres d'étirage (58, 60), de sorte que le fil d'alimentation susdit est étiré à froid, en l'absence de chaleur, et le guidage du fil étiré vers un système de renvidage (70, 72), ce procédé étant caractérisé par les phases supplémentaires suivantes: l'amenée du fil d'alimentation susdit et d'au moins un autre fil en combinaison à un système à fil à âme et à fil fantaisie comportant des moyens pour suralimenter soit le fil à âme, soit le fil fantaisie respectivement par rapport au fil fantaisie ou au fil à âme, ensuite l'envoi des bouts de fil combinés vers et à travers un jet d'air de texturation (66), l'envoi du fil (68) quittant ce jet d'air vers et à travers un second système de cylindres entraîneurs (16, 16'), qui alimente le fil susdit à une vitesse contrôlée dans et à travers une chambre à vapeur (18) contenant de la vapeur saturée, le fil quittant la chambre à vapeur (18) étant envoyé à et à travers un quatrième système de cylindres (20, 20') coopérant avec le second système susdit de cylindres entraîneurs (16, 16') pour limiter et contrôler le rétrécissement linéaire de ce fil dans la chambre à vapeur (18), l'âme et l'effet fantaisie étant obtenus par suralimentation soit du fil à âme, soit du fil fantaisie, respectivement par rapport au fil fantaisie ou au fil à âme, à des intervalles de temps désirés et contrôlés, et le guidage du fil fantaisie, à âme, texturé vers un système de renvidage (70,72), de manière à produire un fil fantaisie à âme, texturé, très élastique, ce fil d'alimentation montrant une biréfringence inférieure à celle de fibres pleinement orientées.
EP19840301407 1983-03-02 1984-03-02 Procédé de texturation par jet d'air Expired EP0119044B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US47123983A 1983-03-02 1983-03-02
US471239 1983-03-02

Publications (3)

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EP0119044A2 EP0119044A2 (fr) 1984-09-19
EP0119044A3 EP0119044A3 (en) 1986-03-26
EP0119044B1 true EP0119044B1 (fr) 1989-12-06

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EP19840301407 Expired EP0119044B1 (fr) 1983-03-02 1984-03-02 Procédé de texturation par jet d'air

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EP (1) EP0119044B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS59173335A (fr)
CA (1) CA1253327A (fr)
DE (1) DE3480657D1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS63175135A (ja) * 1987-01-08 1988-07-19 曙ブレーキ工業株式会社 非アスベスト系摩擦材用基材の製造方法
JPH02139435A (ja) * 1988-11-21 1990-05-29 Teijin Ltd 複合仮撚加工糸の製造方法
US5032333A (en) * 1990-02-27 1991-07-16 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company One-line interlacing of bulked continuous filament yarns and low-melting binder fibers
DE4215015A1 (de) * 1992-05-12 1993-11-18 Amann & Soehne Verfahren zum Verstrecken
GB9323441D0 (en) * 1993-11-13 1994-01-05 Coats Ltd J & P Method for making thread
IT1274759B (it) * 1994-09-06 1997-07-24 Vito Ballarati Metodo per ottenere un filato multibave stirato durante la fase di interlacciatura a partire da filati termoplatici parzialmente orientati
US6332253B1 (en) * 2000-02-29 2001-12-25 Prisma Fibers, Inc. Textile effect yarn and method for producing same
US8181438B2 (en) * 2010-10-18 2012-05-22 Pure Fishing, Inc. Composite fishing line
WO2016058987A1 (fr) * 2014-10-13 2016-04-21 Ssm Giudici S.R.L. Machine et procédé de production de fils fantaisie
BR102019012508A2 (pt) * 2019-06-17 2020-12-29 Antonio Herminio Marin processo de produção de fios mistos ecológicos, sustentáveis e fios mistos obtidos
BR102021011444A2 (pt) 2021-06-11 2022-12-27 Antonio Herminio Marin Processo de produção de fios mistos biodegradáveis duráveis e fios mistos obtidos por meio do referido processo

Family Cites Families (11)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3453817A (en) * 1964-11-05 1969-07-08 Duplan Corp Method of steam treating textured yarn
JPS5526215B1 (fr) * 1971-07-12 1980-07-11
US4043010A (en) * 1974-08-14 1977-08-23 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Process for producing textured polyester yarn
NL7702555A (nl) * 1976-03-12 1977-09-14 Bayer Ag Smelt-snelspinstrekwerkwijze voor het vervaardigen van garens uit elementairdraadjes.
JPS5468413A (en) * 1977-11-07 1979-06-01 Unitika Ltd Polyester fancy yran and its production
IT1108000B (it) * 1977-11-08 1985-12-02 Barmag Barmer Maschf Procedimento per la produzione di un filato increspato da fibre aperte(open end)a multifilamenti
US4170865A (en) * 1978-03-10 1979-10-16 J. P. Stevens & Co., Inc. Yarn slubbing device
US4244171A (en) * 1978-05-17 1981-01-13 Teijin Limited Bulkable filamentary yarn
JPS5663031A (en) * 1979-10-23 1981-05-29 Toray Industries Production of blended fiber yarn
ZA82486B (en) * 1981-02-04 1982-12-29 Coats Ltd J & P Synthetic yarn and yarn-like structures and a method and apparatus for their production
JPS5994634A (ja) * 1982-11-17 1984-05-31 帝人株式会社 異収縮混繊糸

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA1253327A (fr) 1989-05-02
DE3480657D1 (de) 1990-01-11
JPS59173335A (ja) 1984-10-01
EP0119044A2 (fr) 1984-09-19
JPH0341572B2 (fr) 1991-06-24
EP0119044A3 (en) 1986-03-26

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