EP0113818B1 - Mantelwellensperre - Google Patents

Mantelwellensperre Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0113818B1
EP0113818B1 EP83110857A EP83110857A EP0113818B1 EP 0113818 B1 EP0113818 B1 EP 0113818B1 EP 83110857 A EP83110857 A EP 83110857A EP 83110857 A EP83110857 A EP 83110857A EP 0113818 B1 EP0113818 B1 EP 0113818B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coaxial cable
section
antenna
metallic
blocking device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83110857A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0113818A2 (de
EP0113818A3 (en
Inventor
Dieter Dipl.-Phys. Schenkyr
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Richard Hirschmann & Co Te Esslingen Bondsr GmbH
Original Assignee
Hirschmann Electronics GmbH and Co KG
Richard Hirschmann Radiotechnisches Werk
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hirschmann Electronics GmbH and Co KG, Richard Hirschmann Radiotechnisches Werk filed Critical Hirschmann Electronics GmbH and Co KG
Priority to AT83110857T priority Critical patent/ATE46986T1/de
Publication of EP0113818A2 publication Critical patent/EP0113818A2/de
Publication of EP0113818A3 publication Critical patent/EP0113818A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0113818B1 publication Critical patent/EP0113818B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/06—Details

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a standing wave barrier according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • known antennas Fesa 717 N .. serves the antenna-side initial piece of the coaxial cable in the usual way due to its sag as a so-called "water bag” to avoid penetration of water into the cable junction box.
  • the adjoining section is at a short distance from the side member because it is attached to it by means of a plastic clamp. This arrangement of the coaxial cable therefore only serves mechanical purposes.
  • connection dipoles of such antennas are designed either as extended or folded half-wave dipoles or as extended full-wave dipoles.
  • the coaxial cable is not directly connected to it, but via a balun, with narrow-band designs being preferred today, particularly because of the much lower losses compared to known broadband solutions (balun).
  • a balun with or without a resistance transformation is selected.
  • the most common embodiments without resistance transformation are the quarter-wave blocking pot and the Pawsey balun (see BK Rothammel, "Antenna Book", Telekosmos-Verlag, Franck'sche Verlags Stuttgart, Stuttgart, 1981, pages 124 and 125), in which an initial piece of a coaxial cable of a quarter wave - Locking pot enclosed or equipped with a parallel, short-circuited piece of coaxial cable, which is also tuned in quarter-wave resonance.
  • baluners are complex and expensive, however, because the locking pot or the cable piece at the short-circuited end must be conductively connected to the outer conductor of the coaxial connection cable and, as a result, additional measures must be taken to seal this point, since otherwise not only the outer cable conductor can corrode , but if moisture penetrates the cable, its electrical values will deteriorate until it becomes unusable.
  • the simple and inexpensive half-wave detour line is usually used for antennas with an elongated full-wave dipole (see, for example, the antennas Fesa 717 N .. from the applicant) or a folded half-wave dipole (see, for example, Fig. 36 on page 75 of the specialist book "Practical antenna construction", HG Mende, 17th edition, 1979) trained connection dipole used, the connection resistance of about 300 or 240 ohms is transformed down by the detour to the characteristic impedance of the connection cable of 75 or 60 ohms.
  • phase differences of up to 40 ° occur at the limits of the UHF range IV / V with respect to the center of the band, so that when the operating frequencies deviate from their resonance frequency, not only the useful wave generated by push-pull excitation of the dipole is fed to the coaxial cable, but also common mode currents also generated by common mode excitation of the dipole.
  • the main reception direction can deviate by up to about 20 ° from the target value (squint), the side and rear corners become larger and the zero point attenuation is smaller, especially in the directions perpendicular to the main reception direction.
  • frequency-dependent fluctuations in the common-mode currents can also result in irregularities (drops) in the frequency-dependent profit curve.
  • the invention has for its object to develop a standing wave barrier of the type mentioned in such a way that it suppresses common mode currents in a simple and cost-saving manner in the entire operating frequency range and does not require a conductive connection to the outer conductor of the coaxial cable.
  • the design of the standing wave barrier according to the invention thus takes place without any special parts (fastening means) that are not already required per se for the antenna and is therefore extremely cost-effective. In addition, it does not need a conductive connection with the outer cable, so that its corrosion protection and tightness against the ingress of moisture through the outer insulating sleeve is fully preserved.
  • the first line section formed from the antenna-side starting piece of the coaxial cable outer conductor and the metal carrier part arranged at a large distance therefrom has a characteristic impedance Z m1 of approximately 300 ohms.
  • the section of the outer conductor of the coaxial cable running within the metal clamp forms the inner conductor of an adjoining coaxial line piece, the outer conductor of which is the metal clamp and the dielectric is the outer insulating sleeve of the cable.
  • This coaxial line piece has a characteristic impedance Z m2 of approximately 10 ohms and a low attenuation due to its short length in the case of coaxial cables of approximately 5 mm outer conductor diameter which are customary for receiving antennas.
  • the coat follows wave again a line with high wave resistance, because the outer conductor runs at a large distance from the antenna carrier and from the standpipe or in a standpipe with a large clear diameter.
  • the resistance R m1 of the coaxial cable outer conductor at the receiver end of the coaxial line section is indefinite because it depends on the cable routing.
  • the resistance R m2 at the antenna-side end of the coaxial line section is thus at the resonance frequency according to the formula and a correspondingly low impedance at the limits of a very wide frequency range.
  • the resistance R m3 at the antenna-side end of the first line section is then high-bandwidth due to X / 4 transformation, namely at the resonance frequency according to the formula
  • R n , 3 Z2n, 1 / Rn2> 9 kOhm.
  • This resistance is more than a hundred times as large as the transformed dipole connection resistance (75 ohms), so that a sufficient suppression of sheathed waves is guaranteed within a large frequency range. Because of the broadband, the lengths of the two transforming cable pieces and the resulting sizes of the resonance frequencies are not critical.
  • the length of the first and the coaxial line section is about a quarter of the wavelength near the lower limit of the operating frequency range.
  • the resonance frequency of the half-wave bypass line for YAGI antennas is usually slightly below the upper limit of the operating frequency range, so that the maximum value of the antenna gain that occurs there is not reduced by the attenuation of the bypass line, but is as large as possible.
  • the input resistance on the coaxial cable is greatest near the lower limit of the operating frequency range, so that overall the blocking effect of the device consisting of the half-wave bypass line and the jacket wave barrier according to the invention is given over a very large frequency range.
  • the resonance frequency of the two line sections can be not only within the operating frequency range, but also somewhat below the lower limit thereof, parts of the line sections compensating capacitive reactive components of the impedances effective at the ends. This achieves both a broadband improvement in the directional characteristic and the elimination of the irregularities already mentioned in the frequency response of the gain in the lower part of the operating frequency range. In this area, there can also be an increase in antenna gain, since a sufficient resistance adjustment of the antenna to the coaxial connection cable can also be achieved.
  • Another advantageous measure for achieving the required small resistance at the receiver end of the first line section consists, according to claim 3, of arranging an insulating material with very high high-frequency losses between the metal clamp and the section of the coaxial cable encompassed by it.
  • the metal clamp can be so short that the strapped cable piece acts like a capacitance with a small damping resistance in parallel.
  • the metal clamp forms either itself or together with the metal support part a longitudinal slot into which the coaxial cable can be pressed. This has the advantage that the metal clamp can already be attached to the antenna carrier during antenna manufacture and the coaxial cable can only be pressed into the antenna assembly in a simple manner.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the jacket shaft lock according to the invention consists in that the metal clamp has a plurality of brackets separated from one another by transverse slots, a part of which resiliently abuts the assembled coaxial cable. This makes it easier to push the cable in because only the considerably shorter legs have to deflect one after the other in a springy manner.
  • the figures show two exemplary embodiments of the standing wave barrier according to the invention, each on an antenna.
  • FIGS. 1 and 3 are side views of the antenna parts concerned and FIGS. 2 and 4 cross sections through the antenna support with the metal clamp and the coaxial cable.
  • a reception dipole 1 with a cable connection socket 2, as well as directors and reflectors, not shown, are attached to a longitudinal beam 3 made of metallic square tube, and a metal clamp 5 with two resilient legs 6 is attached with tin driving screws 4. Between the free end parts of the legs 6, a longitudinal slot 7 is formed, the width of which is smaller than the diameter of the coaxial cable 8 pressed into the metal clamp 5 through this slot 7, the outer conductor 9 of which is provided by a protective insulating sleeve 10 is surrounded.
  • An antenna-side starting piece 11 of the coaxial cable 8 has a large distance from the side member 3 from the connection (not shown) to a balun in the cable connection box 2 to the metal clamp 5.
  • the starting piece 11 and the metal clamp 5 each have a length of a quarter wavelength in the operating frequency range.
  • a so-called pre-mast antenna is used, in which a metal clamp 12 is fastened to a carrier 13 of a reflector screen (not shown) with self-tapping screws 14.
  • Spring clips 16 and 17 are formed on the metal clamp 12 by transverse slots 15.
  • the width of the longitudinal slot 18 between these brackets 16, 17 and the carrier 13, through which the coaxial cable 8 is pressed onto the carrier 13 and into the brackets 16 and 17, is smaller in the narrow brackets 16 than the outer diameter of the cable 8 and in the wide brackets 17 approximately equal to this diameter, whereby the insertion of the coaxial cable 8 is facilitated.
  • the lengths of the starting piece 19 of the coaxial cable 8 and the metal clamp 12 on the antenna side, which is at a large distance from the carrier 13, are dimensioned in the same way as in the first exemplary embodiment.
  • the conductor pieces formed in each case from the outer conductor 9 of the antenna-side starting pieces 11 and 19 of the coaxial cable 8 and the carrier 3 and 13 have a characteristic impedance of approximately 300 ohms, which are each formed from the metal clamp 5 or 12 and the outer conductor 9 of the coaxial cable 8 coaxial line pieces have a characteristic impedance of about 10 ohms.
  • the resistance of> 10 ohms existing at the receiver-side input of the coaxial line sections 8, 9 is transformed by this into a resistance of ⁇ 10 ohms at its antenna-side end, and this through the antenna-side line section into a resistance of> 9 kOhm. Due to this high resistance, a broadband effective suppression of jacket waves is effected exclusively with the aid of the clamps 5 or 12 which are present anyway for the cable fastening, ie with minimal additional effort.

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EP83110857A 1982-12-22 1983-10-29 Mantelwellensperre Expired EP0113818B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83110857T ATE46986T1 (de) 1982-12-22 1983-10-29 Mantelwellensperre.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3247389 1982-12-22
DE19823247389 DE3247389A1 (de) 1982-12-22 1982-12-22 Mantelwellensperre

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0113818A2 EP0113818A2 (de) 1984-07-25
EP0113818A3 EP0113818A3 (en) 1986-03-26
EP0113818B1 true EP0113818B1 (de) 1989-10-04

Family

ID=6181341

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83110857A Expired EP0113818B1 (de) 1982-12-22 1983-10-29 Mantelwellensperre

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0113818B1 (enExample)
AT (1) ATE46986T1 (enExample)
DE (2) DE3247389A1 (enExample)
DK (1) DK162667C (enExample)
FI (1) FI76450C (enExample)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2347792B (en) * 1999-03-10 2001-06-06 Andrew Jesman Antenna

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2018320A (en) * 1932-06-29 1935-10-22 Rca Corp Radio frequency transmission line
US3320556A (en) * 1963-05-23 1967-05-16 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Impedance transformer
US3680146A (en) * 1970-03-02 1972-07-25 Jerrold Electronics Corp Antenna system with ferrite radiation suppressors mounted on feed line

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3247389C2 (enExample) 1987-09-03
DK162667B (da) 1991-11-25
FI76450C (fi) 1988-10-10
DK588683D0 (da) 1983-12-21
FI834685A7 (fi) 1984-06-23
FI76450B (fi) 1988-06-30
ATE46986T1 (de) 1989-10-15
DE3247389A1 (de) 1984-07-05
EP0113818A2 (de) 1984-07-25
FI834685A0 (fi) 1983-12-20
EP0113818A3 (en) 1986-03-26
DK588683A (da) 1984-06-23
DE3380679D1 (en) 1989-11-09
DK162667C (da) 1992-04-13

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