EP0113290A1 - Cladding elements for the realisation of the thermal insulation on the exterior of buildings - Google Patents

Cladding elements for the realisation of the thermal insulation on the exterior of buildings Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0113290A1
EP0113290A1 EP19830402516 EP83402516A EP0113290A1 EP 0113290 A1 EP0113290 A1 EP 0113290A1 EP 19830402516 EP19830402516 EP 19830402516 EP 83402516 A EP83402516 A EP 83402516A EP 0113290 A1 EP0113290 A1 EP 0113290A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
insulating layer
element according
layer
edge
elements
Prior art date
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Granted
Application number
EP19830402516
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0113290B1 (en
Inventor
Gabriel Guerin
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority claimed from FR8221741A external-priority patent/FR2538431B1/en
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Priority to AT83402516T priority Critical patent/ATE51050T1/en
Publication of EP0113290A1 publication Critical patent/EP0113290A1/en
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Publication of EP0113290B1 publication Critical patent/EP0113290B1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/0801—Separate fastening elements
    • E04F13/0803—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/762—Exterior insulation of exterior walls
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/0801—Separate fastening elements
    • E04F13/0803—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements
    • E04F13/081—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements with additional fastening elements between furring elements and covering elements
    • E04F13/0816—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements with additional fastening elements between furring elements and covering elements the additional fastening elements extending into the back side of the covering elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/14—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass
    • E04F13/141—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass with an outer layer of concrete

Definitions

  • the facing layer of the element that is the subject of the invention can be made of any material which can be mechanically bonded to the material of the insulating layer and which itself has good mechanical resistance, in particular to impact, and good weather resistance. It can in particular be a thin plate of cement concrete or plastic.
  • the insulating layer can be made of any cellular material which can be mechanically secured to the facing layer and which itself has a coefficient of thermal insulation. sufficient.
  • the insulating layer may be made of cellular concrete or of expanded plastic, in particular of expanded polystyrene. It can also be composite. When the element is fixed by gluing its dorsal face to the support surface, the insulating layer must have sufficient mechanical strength, but when the facing layer is mechanically fixed to the wall without intervention of the insulating layer, this the latter can be made wholly or partially by other insulating materials such as fiber mats.
  • the element for the realization of thermal insulation from the exterior of buildings by applying jointed prefabricated composite elements to the facade comprising in combination an insulating layer and a facing layer, the front facing plate mechanically resistant being mechanically secured with a dorsal insulating layer, and the facing layer of each element remaining in the pose independent mechanically from that of the neighboring elements is characterized in that the edge of the insulating layer is offset by translation on at least part of its thickness relative to the edge of the facing layer so as to ensure an interlocking of the elements with offset of the joints.
  • the joint parts located in the thickness of the assembled insulating layers can be glued to the assembly.
  • the element comprises at least one fixing member sealed in the covering layer and which passes through the insulating layer to present a fixing means substantially in the plane of the rear face of the insulating layer.
  • the fixing member consists of a tab which projects above the upper edge of the insulating layer.
  • the element may have, along its two opposite vertical edges, at least two complementary fittings which interlock with the fittings of the adjacent elements to secure, against a movement perpendicular to their plane, two adjacent elements.
  • One of these two complementary fittings may have a tab substantially in the plane of the rear face of the insulating layer, which tab protrudes relative to the edge of the insulating layer.
  • the fastening member is constituted by at least one fastening member capable of hanging on the edge directed upwards of a fastening profile.
  • the element may include attachment members along its top edge and along its bottom edge capable of hooking on a profile forming a horizontal rail and having two parallel attachment edges.
  • the cladding Due to the connection between the reconstituted stone facing plate and the cellular insulating plate, the cladding is mechanically reinforced against frontal impacts, which makes useless profiles forming supports behind the plate and the insulating layer, glued or not on the surface of the wall, form wedge against the tilting of the plate.
  • the fixing member sealed in the facing facing plate is constituted by at least one profile forming a hooking channel on the rear face of the front cover plate, the element being characterized in that this profile is placed substantially along the horizontal center line of the element.
  • the attachment profile according to this embodiment can be limited to a reduced length from the vertical edges of the element but, preferably, to allow cutting of the plate according to any form always having a means of attachment the along the vertical edges and to facilitate the precise positioning of the insert in the plate, the profile occupies substantially the entire width of the plate.
  • the cooperating attachment profile intended to be pegged to the support structure is constituted by a simple U-shaped tab perpendicular to the wall, the core having a length, possibly adjustable in known manner, corresponding to the thickness of the layer insulating.
  • the vertical wing projects laterally from the side of this element put in place first, so that the hole in the other wing of the tab intended for the fixing stud on the frame is located beyond the edge of the insulating layer.
  • the vertical edges of the insulating layer are notched during manufacture or installation for housing the tabs.
  • 1 designates the facade facing plate which is preferably a reconstituted stone slab
  • 2 designates a submerged reinforcement, for example a mesh fabric made of glass or plastic fibers
  • 3 is the insulating layer which is preferably and as illustrated constituted by vertical strips 4 spaced so as to leave between them vertical ventilation channels 4 ′, a plate 5 in coincidence with the slab and a plate 6 offset to form ledges 7 above the upper edge of the element and along the right edge of the element with formation of corresponding clearances along the two opposite edges.
  • the insulating layer can be in one piece and obtained by foaming in a closed polyurethane mold or by cutting a thick plate. It can also be carried out by bonding plates and strips.
  • connection between the insulating layer 3 and the reconstituted stone slab 2 is obtained by simply pressurizing the composite plate or certain parts thereof on the molded concrete constituting the slab 1, before setting it. It is possible to strengthen this connection by junction elements embedded in the concrete and in the insulating layer.
  • the plates can be fixed to the wall 8 by gluing at 9 with possibly gluing of the insulating layers 3 along the joints 10.
  • FIGS. 3 to 5 To reinforce the fixing, it is possible to provide fixing and fixing lugs as illustrated in FIGS. 3 to 5.
  • These lugs have their curved end 11 embedded in the slab 1 made of formed stone. They comprise at least one lug 12 along the upper edge of the element, at least one lug 13 along the straight vertical edge and lugs 14 in coincidence with the lug (s) 13 along the opposite vertical edge.
  • the legs 12 and 13 are bent 90 ° outwards at 15 and 16 respectively, in the plane of the rear face of the insulating layer 3 and they comprise at least one hole 17 for the passage of a fixing peg 18 They can be put in place in the rectilinear state as shown at 12 'in FIG.
  • the fitting 14 is folded in the plane of the front face of the layer 6 and it ends with an end 19 of smaller width produced for example by U-folding of its edges. The end 19 projects beyond the edge of the plate so that, when the elements are assembled, they fit into a window made in the fitting 13.
  • the elements are mounted on horizontal rails 20 fixed to the wall 8 with a spacing equal to the height of an element.
  • Each boom has two hooking edges 21 and 22 directed upwards. On these edges are hooked hooks 23 and 24 made near the upper and lower edges of the element. In the illustrated embodiment and to ensure good rigidity, the hooks are cut and folded at right angles to a base strip 25 which has punctures to improve its connection with the concrete. In the illustrated embodiment, four groups of top and bottom hooks are distributed over the width of the plate 1 to optionally allow its subdivision.
  • the rear insulating plate 6 is reduced in height to allow the engagement of the hooks on the stringers 20, it however extends beyond the right side at 7 to fit behind the edge of the plate 5 with which it can be glued.
  • the back plate of the plate 6 can also be glued to the wall, which prevents air circulation vertically in contact with the hot wall 8, ventilation to avoid condensation behind the concrete slabs 1 being provided by the channels 4 ' between the strips 4. It is possible, after installation, to perfect the insulation by injecting in a known manner a mixture of foaming polyurethane into the clearance surrounding the rail, the core of which may include cutouts to facilitate the expansion of the foam while around the stringer.
  • Each element is hung by the two ends of the insert 26 on two legs 27 which are fixed to the supporting structure by a peg, a screw or the like passing through the hole 28 of the rear wing 29 which is applied against this structure .
  • the horizontal core 30 has its edge 31 offset relative to the vertical edge of the wing 29 to reduce the depth of the groove to be made in the insulating layer 3 of the element not shown which will come and hang by its insert 26 on the vertical attachment wing part 32 which extends the core next to the edge 31.
  • the opposite edge 33 is offset in the opposite direction so that the attachment wing part vertical 34 which extends the core next to the edge 33 and on which the insert 26 is hooked as illustrated, is released relative to the rear wing 29.
  • the edge 33 and the vertical wing portion 34 can be engaged in a groove of reduced depth in the vertical edge of the layer 3 and the rim 7 to reach the insert 26 and the wing 29 comes to be applied substantially against the edge of the face rear of the insulating layer 3, which allows the installation of the fixing stud with the neighboring element already in position.
  • the cutout 35 between the two wing parts 32 and 34 which is located in line with the vertical joint between two adjacent facing plates 3, allows the flow of water infiltrated into the joint or of the condensation water.
  • the tab 27 may be in known manner of adjustable length.
  • the attachment made is generally sufficient to fix the element on the structure with a resistance that meets the standards, in general the load-bearing wall, but it is possible to strengthen the connection by bonding between the rear face of the expanded polystyrene and the wall, the element being held in abutment during the grip by the mechanical attachment between the insert 26 and the tabs 27.
  • the crushing resistance of the expanded polystyrene layer is sufficient to avoid tilting of the cladding element by rotation about the axis formed by the insert 26 and its hooking edges under the effect of a thrust exerted at the right of the top edge or the bottom edge of the plate.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)

Abstract

1. An element for heat insulating the exterior of buildings by applying jointly on the facade prefabricated composite elements including in combination an insulating layer (3) and a face layer (1), the frontal face plate (1) which is mechanically resistant and of a rectangular shape being mechanically connected to the rear insulating layer (3) and the edge (7) of the insulating layer being offset in translation over at least a portion of the thickness of said insulating layer and at least a portion of its periphery with respect to the edge of said face layer (3) so as to provide a fitting junction of the elements with an offset of the joints, characterized in that the dimensions of the coating layer are less than those of the insulating layer so as to define a clearance between the coating layer of each element and that of the neighbouring elements, in that the element includes at least one fixation member (12, 13, 23 to 25) sealed to the face layer (1) and extending through the insulating layer (3) in order to form a fixation means substantially in the plane of the rear face of the insulating layer, and in that the fixation member is a lug (15) protruding above the upper edge of the insulating layer.

Description

Dans FR-A-2.296.740 déposé le 30 Décembre 1974, il est exposé que l'on a déjà proposé de réaliser une isolation thermique par l'extérieur en collant contre la paroi extérieure une couche d'un matériau cellulaire de faible conductibilité thermique et de recouvrir celui-ci d'une couche d'enduit de revêtement tel qu'un enduit hydraulique ou plastique qui est solidarisé avec la couche de matériau cellulaire. Ce document signale toutefois qu'il apparait après un certain temps des fissures profondes dues probablement aux efforts de cisaillement engendrés au niveau de la solidarisation sous l'effet des différences dans les coefficients de dilatation thermique. Ce brevet propose donc d'interposer entre ces deux couches une feuille évitant toute solidarisation et de fixer la couche d'enduit, de préférence armée, sur la paroi externe des bâtiments par l'intermédiaire de fixations traversant la couche de matériau cellulaire. D'autres brevets proposent de ménager une couche d'air, entre la couche isolante et la couche d'enduit éventuellement armée. Ces procédés présentent l'inconvénient d'avoir une couche d'enduit qui reste sujette à des fissures du fait de l'armature métallique insuffisamment enrobée et qui peut se fracturer en cas de choc.In FR-A-2,296,740 filed on December 30, 1974, it is stated that it has already been proposed to provide thermal insulation from the outside by bonding against the exterior wall a layer of cellular material of low thermal conductivity and to cover the latter with a coating coating layer such as a hydraulic or plastic coating which is secured to the layer of cellular material. This document indicates however that after a certain time deep cracks appear probably due to the shearing forces generated at the level of the joining under the effect of the differences in the coefficients of thermal expansion. This patent therefore proposes to interpose between these two layers a sheet avoiding any joining and to fix the coating layer, preferably reinforced, on the external wall of the buildings by means of fasteners passing through the layer of cellular material. Other patents propose to provide an air layer between the insulating layer and the coating layer. possibly armed. These methods have the disadvantage of having a coating layer which remains prone to cracks due to the insufficiently coated metal frame and which can fracture in the event of impact.

On a d'autre part proposé, par exemple dans DE-A-2.044.961, soit d'accrocher des plaques en pierre reconstituée sur le mur porteur par des pattes traversées par des pitons s'enfonçant dans le mur, soit d'accrocher ces plaques sur des profilés porteurs entre lesquels sont montées des plaques isolantes. Un procédé analogue est décrit dans FR-A-2.323.838. Ces procédés soit n'assurent pas une isolation thermique suffisante, soit exigent un travail supplémentaire pour la mise en place et la fixation des plaques isolantes.On the other hand, it has been proposed, for example in DE-A-2,044,961, either to hang reconstituted stone plates on the load-bearing wall by legs crossed by studs sinking into the wall, or to hang these plates on carrier profiles between which are mounted insulating plates. A similar process is described in FR-A-2,323,838. These methods either do not provide sufficient thermal insulation, or require additional work for the installation and fixing of the insulating plates.

On a déjà proposé dans CH-A-549.708 d'appliquer jointivement sur la façade des éléments composites préfabriqués comportant en combinaison une couche isolante et une couche de parement, la couche isolante présentant un débord sur deux côtés perpendiculaires de sorte que la couche de parement de chaque élément reste indépendante mécaniquement de celle des éléments voisins. Du fait qu'au moins la couche de parement de chaque élément, couche qui est la plus sujette aux influences thermiques variables extérieures, est mécaniquement indépendante de la couche de parement des éléments voisins, on évite les fissurations constatées dans les enduits en couche continue.It has already been proposed in CH-A-549.708 to apply jointed prefabricated composite elements to the facade comprising in combination an insulating layer and a facing layer, the insulating layer having an overhang on two perpendicular sides so that the facing layer of each element remains mechanically independent from that of neighboring elements. Due to the fact that at least the facing layer of each element, which layer is the most subject to variable external thermal influences, is mechanically independent of the facing layer of neighboring elements, the cracks observed in the plasters are avoided.

La couche de parement de l'élément objet de l'invention peut être réalisée en tout matériau solidarisable mécaniquement avec le matériau de la couche isolante et présentant lui-même une bonne résistance mécanique, notamment aux chocs, et une bonne résistance aux intempéries. Ce peut être notamment une plaque mince de béton de ciment ou de matière plastique.The facing layer of the element that is the subject of the invention can be made of any material which can be mechanically bonded to the material of the insulating layer and which itself has good mechanical resistance, in particular to impact, and good weather resistance. It can in particular be a thin plate of cement concrete or plastic.

La couche isolante peut être réalisée en tout matériau cellulaire solidarisable mécaniquement avec la couche de parement et présentant lui-même un coefficient d'isolation thermique suffisant. En pratique la couche isolante peut être en béton cellulaire ou en matière plastique expansée, notamment en polystyrène expansé. Elle peut également être composite. Lorsque la fixation de l'élément est réalisée par collage de sa face dorsale sur la surface support, la couche isolante doit présenter une résistance mécanique suffisante, mais lorsque la couche de parement est fixée mécaniquement sur le mur sans intervention de la couche isolante, cette dernière peut être constituée totalement ou partiellement par d'autres matériaux isolants tels que des mats de fibres.The insulating layer can be made of any cellular material which can be mechanically secured to the facing layer and which itself has a coefficient of thermal insulation. sufficient. In practice, the insulating layer may be made of cellular concrete or of expanded plastic, in particular of expanded polystyrene. It can also be composite. When the element is fixed by gluing its dorsal face to the support surface, the insulating layer must have sufficient mechanical strength, but when the facing layer is mechanically fixed to the wall without intervention of the insulating layer, this the latter can be made wholly or partially by other insulating materials such as fiber mats.

Conformément à l'invention l'élément pour la réalisation de l'isolation thermique par l'extérieur de bâtiments en appliquant jointivement sur la façade des éléments composites préfabriqués comportant en combinaison une couche isolante et une couche de parement, la plaque frontale de parement mécaniquement résistante étant solidarisée mécaniquement avec une couche isolante dorsale, et la couche de parement de chaque élément restant à la pose indépendante mécaniquement de celle des éléments voisins est caractérisé en ce que le rebord de la couche isolante est décalé par translation sur au moins une partie de son épaisseur par rapport au bord de la couche de parement de manière à assurer un emboîtement des éléments avec décalage des joints. Les parties de joint se trouvant dans l'épaisseur des couches isolantes assemblées peuvent être collées au montage.In accordance with the invention, the element for the realization of thermal insulation from the exterior of buildings by applying jointed prefabricated composite elements to the facade comprising in combination an insulating layer and a facing layer, the front facing plate mechanically resistant being mechanically secured with a dorsal insulating layer, and the facing layer of each element remaining in the pose independent mechanically from that of the neighboring elements is characterized in that the edge of the insulating layer is offset by translation on at least part of its thickness relative to the edge of the facing layer so as to ensure an interlocking of the elements with offset of the joints. The joint parts located in the thickness of the assembled insulating layers can be glued to the assembly.

La réalisation de l'isolation par l'extérieur avec les éléments conformes à l'invention présente toutefois divers problèmes du fait que les éléments ne sont en butée l'un contre l'autre que par les couches isolantes, couches isolantes qui sont en général moins résistantes mécaniquement que la couche habituelle de parement. En outre la prise des collages soit sur la surface support, soit entre couches isolantes des éléments,ralentit la pose de sorte qu'il est pratiquement indispensable de prévoir une fixation directe de la couche de parement sur la surface support, cette fixation devant pouvoir être réalisée éventuellement avec l'élément déjà en place.The realization of the insulation from the outside with the elements according to the invention, however, presents various problems because the elements are only abutted against each other by the insulating layers, insulating layers which are generally less mechanically resistant than the usual facing layer. In addition, bonding either on the support surface or between insulating layers of the elements slows down the laying so that it is practically essential to provide a direct fixing of the facing layer on the support surface, this fixing having to be able to be possibly performed with the element already in place.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention l'élément comporte au moins un organe de fixation scellé dans la couche de revêtement et qui traverse la couche isolante pour présenter un moyen de fixation sensiblement dans le plan de la face arrière de la couche isolante.According to another characteristic of the invention, the element comprises at least one fixing member sealed in the covering layer and which passes through the insulating layer to present a fixing means substantially in the plane of the rear face of the insulating layer.

Selon un mode de réalisation l'organe de fixation est constitué par une patte qui fait saillie au dessus du bord supérieur de la couche isolante.According to one embodiment, the fixing member consists of a tab which projects above the upper edge of the insulating layer.

Pour améliorer encore la fixation, l'élément peut présenter, le long de ses deux bords verticaux opposés, au moins deux ferrures complémentaires qui s'enclenchent au montage avec les ferrures des éléments adjacents pour solidariser, contre un déplacement perpendiculaire à leur plan, deux éléments adjacents. L'une de ces deux ferrures complémentaires peut présenter une patte sensiblement dans le plan de la face arrière de la couche isolante, patte qui fait saillie par rapport au bord de la couche isolante.To further improve the fastening, the element may have, along its two opposite vertical edges, at least two complementary fittings which interlock with the fittings of the adjacent elements to secure, against a movement perpendicular to their plane, two adjacent elements. One of these two complementary fittings may have a tab substantially in the plane of the rear face of the insulating layer, which tab protrudes relative to the edge of the insulating layer.

Selon un autre mode de réalisation l'organe de fixation est constitué par au moins un organe d'accrochage susceptible de s'accrocher sur le bord dirigé vers le haut d'un profil d'accrochage. L'élément peut comporter des organes d'accrochage le long de son bord haut et le long de son bord bas susceptibles de s'accrocher sur un profil formant lisse horizontale et présentant deux bords d'accrochage parallèles.According to another embodiment, the fastening member is constituted by at least one fastening member capable of hanging on the edge directed upwards of a fastening profile. The element may include attachment members along its top edge and along its bottom edge capable of hooking on a profile forming a horizontal rail and having two parallel attachment edges.

Du fait de la solidarisation entre la plaque de parement en pierre reconstituée et la plaque d'isolant cellulaire, le bardage est mécaniquement renforcé contre les chocs frontaux, ce qui rend inutiles des profilés formant appuis derrière la plaque et la couche d'isolant, collée ou non sur la surface du mur, forme cale contre le basculement de la plaque.Due to the connection between the reconstituted stone facing plate and the cellular insulating plate, the cladding is mechanically reinforced against frontal impacts, which makes useless profiles forming supports behind the plate and the insulating layer, glued or not on the surface of the wall, form wedge against the tilting of the plate.

De ce fait et selon un autre mode de réalisation,l' organe de fixation scellé dans la plaque frontale de parement est constitué par au moins un profilé formant un canal d'accrochage sur la face arrière de la plaque frontale de revêtement, l'élément étant caractérisé en ce que ce profilé est placé sensiblement selon la ligne médiane horizontale de l'élément.Therefore and according to another embodiment, the fixing member sealed in the facing facing plate is constituted by at least one profile forming a hooking channel on the rear face of the front cover plate, the element being characterized in that this profile is placed substantially along the horizontal center line of the element.

Le profilé d'accrochage selon ce mode de réalisation peut être limité à une longueur réduite à partir des bords verticaux de l'élément mais, de préférence, pour permettre un découpage de la plaque selon une forme quelconque présentant toujours un moyen d'accrochage le long des bords verticaux et faciliter la mise en place précise de l'insert dans la plaque, le profilé occupe sensiblement toute la largeur de la plaque.The attachment profile according to this embodiment can be limited to a reduced length from the vertical edges of the element but, preferably, to allow cutting of the plate according to any form always having a means of attachment the along the vertical edges and to facilitate the precise positioning of the insert in the plate, the profile occupies substantially the entire width of the plate.

Le profilé d'accrochage coopérant destiné à être chevillé sur la structure porteuse est constitué par une simple patte de section en U perpendiculairement à la paroi, l'âme ayant une longueur, éventuellement réglable de manière connue, correspondant à l'épaisseur de la couche isolante.The cooperating attachment profile intended to be pegged to the support structure is constituted by a simple U-shaped tab perpendicular to the wall, the core having a length, possibly adjustable in known manner, corresponding to the thickness of the layer insulating.

Pour faciliter la fixation de la patte sur la structure porteuse après mise en place de l'un des deux éléments dont les profilés s'accrochent sur l'aile verticale frontale de la patte, l'aile verticale fait saillie latéralement du côté de cet élément mis en place le premier, de manière que le trou dans l'autre aile de la patte destiné au piton de fixation sur l'ossature, se trouve au-delà du bord de la couche isolante.To facilitate the fixing of the tab on the supporting structure after fitting one of the two elements whose profiles hang on the front vertical wing of the tab, the vertical wing projects laterally from the side of this element put in place first, so that the hole in the other wing of the tab intended for the fixing stud on the frame is located beyond the edge of the insulating layer.

Les bords verticaux de la couche isolante sont entaillée à la fabrication ou à la pose pour le logement des pattes.The vertical edges of the insulating layer are notched during manufacture or installation for housing the tabs.

D'autres caractéristiques de l'invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description de divers modes de réalisation faite ci-après avec référence aux dessins ci-annexés dans lesquels :

  • La figure 1 est une vue en élévation d'un élément conforme à l'invention destiné à être appliqué par collage sur la paroi porteuse; la figure 2 est une vue en coupe par II-II de figure 1 d'éléments selon la figure 1 appliqués contre un mur; la figure 3 est une vue correspondant à figure 1 d'un élément muni de ferrures de fixation; la figure 4 est une vue en coupe par IV-IV de figure 3; la figure 5 est une vue en coupe par V-V de figure 3 de deux éléments assemblés; la figure 6 est une vue en coupe verticale d'une variante de réalisation; la figure 7 est une vue par l'arrière de l'élément de figure 6 et la figure 8 est une vue en perspective par l'arrière de la fixation d'un élément selon un autre mode de réalisation avec arrachement partiel de la couche isolante.
Other characteristics of the invention will appear on reading the description of various embodiments given below with reference to the attached drawings in which:
  • Figure 1 is an elevational view of an element according to the invention intended to be applied by gluing to the load-bearing wall; Figure 2 is a sectional view through II-II of Figure 1 of elements according to Figure 1 applied against a wall; Figure 3 is a view corresponding to Figure 1 of an element provided with fixing fittings; Figure 4 is a sectional view through IV-IV of Figure 3; Figure 5 is a sectional view through VV of Figure 3 of two assembled elements; Figure 6 is a vertical sectional view of an alternative embodiment; Figure 7 is a rear view of the element of Figure 6 and Figure 8 is a perspective view from the rear of the attachment of an element according to another embodiment with partial cutaway of the insulating layer .

Dans les dessins, 1 désigne la plaque de parement en façade qui est de préférence une dalle en pierre reconstituée, 2 désignant une armature noyée par exemple un tissu à mailles en fibres de verre ou de plastique. 3 est la couche isolante qui est de préférence et comme illustré constituée par des bandes verticales 4 espacées de façon à laisser subsister entre elles des canaux d'aération verticaux 4', une plaque 5 en coïncidence avec la dalle et une plaque 6 décalée pour former des rebords 7 au-dessus du bord supérieur de l'élément et le long du bord droit de l'élément avec formation de dégagements correspondants le long des deux bords opposés. La couche isolante peut être monobloc et obtenue par moussage en moule fermé de polyuréthane ou par taillage d'une plaque épaisse. Elle peut également être réalisée par collage de plaques et de bandes. La liaison entre la couche isolante 3 et la dalle en pierre reconstituée 2 est obtenue par simple mise en pression de la plaque composite ou de certaines parties de celle-ci sur le béton moulé constituant la dalle 1, avant prise de celui-ci. Il est possible de renforcer cette liaison par des éléments de jonction noyés dans le béton et dans la couche isolante.In the drawings, 1 designates the facade facing plate which is preferably a reconstituted stone slab, 2 designates a submerged reinforcement, for example a mesh fabric made of glass or plastic fibers. 3 is the insulating layer which is preferably and as illustrated constituted by vertical strips 4 spaced so as to leave between them vertical ventilation channels 4 ′, a plate 5 in coincidence with the slab and a plate 6 offset to form ledges 7 above the upper edge of the element and along the right edge of the element with formation of corresponding clearances along the two opposite edges. The insulating layer can be in one piece and obtained by foaming in a closed polyurethane mold or by cutting a thick plate. It can also be carried out by bonding plates and strips. The connection between the insulating layer 3 and the reconstituted stone slab 2 is obtained by simply pressurizing the composite plate or certain parts thereof on the molded concrete constituting the slab 1, before setting it. It is possible to strengthen this connection by junction elements embedded in the concrete and in the insulating layer.

Comme illustré dans la figure 2, les plaques peuvent être fixées sur le mur 8 par collage en 9 avec éventuellement collage des couches isolantes 3 le long des joints 10.As illustrated in Figure 2, the plates can be fixed to the wall 8 by gluing at 9 with possibly gluing of the insulating layers 3 along the joints 10.

Pour renforcer la fixation on peut prévoir des pattes de fixation et de solidarisation comme illustré aux figures 3 à 5. Ces pattes ont leur extrémité recourbée 11 noyée dans la dalle 1 en pierre constituée. Elles comportent au moins une patte 12 le long du bord supérieur de l'élément, au moins une patte 13 le long du bord vertical droit et des pattes 14 en coïncidence avec la ou les pattes 13 le long du bord vertical opposé. Les pattes 12 et 13 sont recourbées à 90° vers l'extérieur en 15 et 16 respectivement, dans le plan de la face arrière de la couche isolante 3 et elles comportent au moins un trou 17 pour le passage d'un piton de fixation 18. Elles peuvent être mises en place à l'état rectiligne comme représenté en 12' dans la figure 4 notamment pour faciliter leur positionnement dans le moule de coulée de la dalle en béton 1 et leur passage dans des poinçonnages des couches isolantes 5 et 6 mais il peut être préférable de rendre la ferrure beaucoup plus rigide par emboutissage du pliage 16 ou autrement et de loger la ferrure dans des découpes des plaques isolantes 5 et 6. La ferrure 14 est repliée dans le plan de la face frontale de la couche 6 et elle se termine par une extrémité 19 de plus faible largeur réalisée par exemple par pliage en U de ses bords. L'extrémité 19 fait saillie au-delà du bord de la plaque pour, à l'assemblage des éléments, venir s'emboîter dans une fenêtre réalisée dans la ferrure 13.To reinforce the fixing, it is possible to provide fixing and fixing lugs as illustrated in FIGS. 3 to 5. These lugs have their curved end 11 embedded in the slab 1 made of formed stone. They comprise at least one lug 12 along the upper edge of the element, at least one lug 13 along the straight vertical edge and lugs 14 in coincidence with the lug (s) 13 along the opposite vertical edge. The legs 12 and 13 are bent 90 ° outwards at 15 and 16 respectively, in the plane of the rear face of the insulating layer 3 and they comprise at least one hole 17 for the passage of a fixing peg 18 They can be put in place in the rectilinear state as shown at 12 'in FIG. 4 in particular to facilitate their positioning in the casting mold of the concrete slab 1 and their passage through punching of the insulating layers 5 and 6 but it may be preferable to make the fitting much more rigid by stamping the folding 16 or otherwise and to accommodate the fitting in cutouts of the insulating plates 5 and 6. The fitting 14 is folded in the plane of the front face of the layer 6 and it ends with an end 19 of smaller width produced for example by U-folding of its edges. The end 19 projects beyond the edge of the plate so that, when the elements are assembled, they fit into a window made in the fitting 13.

Dans le mode de réalisation des figures 6 et 7 les éléments sont montés sur des lisses horizontales 20 fixées sur le mur 8 avec un écartement égal à la hauteur d'un élément.In the embodiment of Figures 6 and 7 the elements are mounted on horizontal rails 20 fixed to the wall 8 with a spacing equal to the height of an element.

Ces profilés sont décrits en détail dans la demande de brevet FR-A-2.522.049 au nom du demandeur. Chaque lisse comporte deux arêtes d'accrochage 21 et 22 dirigées vers le haut. Sur ces arêtes viennent s'accrocher des crochets 23 et 24 réalisés à proximité des bords supérieur et inférieur de l'élément. Dans le mode de réalisation illustré et pour leur assurer une bonne rigidité, les crochets sont découpés et repliés à angle droit sur une bande de base 25 qui présente des crevés pour améliorer sa solidarisation avec le béton. Dans l'exemple de réalisation illustré, quatre groupes de crochets haut et bas sont répartis sur la largeur de la plaque 1 pour permettre éventuellement sa subdivision. La plaque isolante arrière 6 est réduite en hauteur pour permettre l'engagement des crochets sur les lisses 20, elle déborde cependant sur le côté droit en 7 pour s'emboîter derrière le bord de la plaque 5 avec lequel elle peut être collée. La plaque arrière de la plaque 6 peut également être collée sur le mur ce qui évite les circulations d'air verticalement au contact du mur chaud 8, l'aération pour éviter la condensation derrière les dalles de béton 1 étant assurée par les canaux 4' entre les bandes 4. Il est possible, après pose, de parfaire l'isolation en injectant de façon connue un mélange de polyuréthane moussant dans le dégagement entourant la lisse dont l'âme peut comporter des découpes pour faciliter l'expansion de la mousse tout autour de la lisse.These profiles are described in detail in patent application FR-A-2,522,049 in the name of the applicant. Each boom has two hooking edges 21 and 22 directed upwards. On these edges are hooked hooks 23 and 24 made near the upper and lower edges of the element. In the illustrated embodiment and to ensure good rigidity, the hooks are cut and folded at right angles to a base strip 25 which has punctures to improve its connection with the concrete. In the illustrated embodiment, four groups of top and bottom hooks are distributed over the width of the plate 1 to optionally allow its subdivision. The rear insulating plate 6 is reduced in height to allow the engagement of the hooks on the stringers 20, it however extends beyond the right side at 7 to fit behind the edge of the plate 5 with which it can be glued. The back plate of the plate 6 can also be glued to the wall, which prevents air circulation vertically in contact with the hot wall 8, ventilation to avoid condensation behind the concrete slabs 1 being provided by the channels 4 ' between the strips 4. It is possible, after installation, to perfect the insulation by injecting in a known manner a mixture of foaming polyurethane into the clearance surrounding the rail, the core of which may include cutouts to facilitate the expansion of the foam while around the stringer.

Selon le mode de réalisation de la figure 8, dans la plaque de parement 1 et lors de son moulage est noyée dans cette plaque, selon sa médiane destinée à être horizontale lors de la pose, la bande de base non représentée d'un insert 26 dont la partie débordante forme un canal en U dirigé vers le bas. La forme de ces inserts est connue et ils sont décrits en détail dans FR-A-2.522.049 au nom du demandeur. Leur section peut être différente, seul l'emplacement au voisinage de la médiane horizontale étant caractéristique de la présente invention.According to the embodiment of Figure 8, in the facing plate 1 and during its molding is embedded in this plate, according to its median intended to be horizontal during installation, the base strip not shown of an insert 26 the projecting part of which forms a U-shaped channel directed downwards. The shape of these inserts is known and they are described in detail in FR-A-2,522,049 in the name of the applicant. Their section may be different, only the location in the vicinity of the horizontal median being characteristic of the present invention.

Chaque élément est accroché par les deux extrémités de l'insert 26 sur deux pattes 27 qui sont fixées sur la structure porteuse par un piton, une vis ou analogue passant dans le trou 28 de l'aile arrière 29 qui s'applique contre cette structure. L'âme horizontale 30 a son bord 31 décalé par rapport au bord vertical de l'aile 29 pour réduire la profondeur de la saignée à réaliser dans la couche isolante 3 de l'élément non représenté qui va venir s'accrocher par son insert 26 sur la partie d'aile d'accrochage verticale 32 qui prolonge l'âme à côté du bord 31. Le bord opposé 33 est déporté dans la direction opposée pour que la partie d'aile d'accrochage verticale 34 qui prolonge l'âme à côté du bord 33 et sur laquelle vient s'accrocher l'insert 26 comme illustré, soit dégagée par rapport à l'aile arrière 29. Avec ce mode de réalisation de la patte, le bord 33 et la partie d'aile verticale 34 peuvent être engagés dans une saignée de profondeur réduite dans le bord vertical de la couche 3 et du rebord 7 pour atteindre l'insert 26 et l'aile 29 vient s'appliquer sensiblement contre le bord de la face arrière de la couche isolante 3,ce qui permet la pose du piton de fixation avec l'élément voisin déjà en position. La découpe 35 entre les deux parties d'ailes 32 et 34 qui se trouve au droit du joint vertical entre deux plaques de parement 3 adjacentes, permet l'écoulement de l'eau infiltrée dans le joint ou de l'eau de condensation.Each element is hung by the two ends of the insert 26 on two legs 27 which are fixed to the supporting structure by a peg, a screw or the like passing through the hole 28 of the rear wing 29 which is applied against this structure . The horizontal core 30 has its edge 31 offset relative to the vertical edge of the wing 29 to reduce the depth of the groove to be made in the insulating layer 3 of the element not shown which will come and hang by its insert 26 on the vertical attachment wing part 32 which extends the core next to the edge 31. The opposite edge 33 is offset in the opposite direction so that the attachment wing part vertical 34 which extends the core next to the edge 33 and on which the insert 26 is hooked as illustrated, is released relative to the rear wing 29. With this embodiment of the tab, the edge 33 and the vertical wing portion 34 can be engaged in a groove of reduced depth in the vertical edge of the layer 3 and the rim 7 to reach the insert 26 and the wing 29 comes to be applied substantially against the edge of the face rear of the insulating layer 3, which allows the installation of the fixing stud with the neighboring element already in position. The cutout 35 between the two wing parts 32 and 34 which is located in line with the vertical joint between two adjacent facing plates 3, allows the flow of water infiltrated into the joint or of the condensation water.

La patte 27 peut être de façon connue de longueur réglable. L'accrochage réalisé est en général suffisant pour fixer avec une résistance répondant aux normes l'élément sur la structure, en général le mur porteur, mais il est possible de renforcer la solidarisation par collage entre la face arrière du polystyrène expansé et le mur, l'élément étant maintenu en appui pendant la prise par l'accrochage mécanique entre l'insert 26 et les pattes 27. La résistance à l'écrasement de la couche de polystyrène expansée est suffisante pour éviter un basculement de l'élément de bardage par rotation autour de l'axe constitué par l'insert 26 et ses arêtes d'accrochage sous l'effet d'une poussée exercée au droit du bord haut ou du bord bas de la plaque.The tab 27 may be in known manner of adjustable length. The attachment made is generally sufficient to fix the element on the structure with a resistance that meets the standards, in general the load-bearing wall, but it is possible to strengthen the connection by bonding between the rear face of the expanded polystyrene and the wall, the element being held in abutment during the grip by the mechanical attachment between the insert 26 and the tabs 27. The crushing resistance of the expanded polystyrene layer is sufficient to avoid tilting of the cladding element by rotation about the axis formed by the insert 26 and its hooking edges under the effect of a thrust exerted at the right of the top edge or the bottom edge of the plate.

Claims (12)

1. Un élément pour la réalisation de l'isolation thermique par l'extérieur de bâtiments en appliquant jointivement sur la façade des éléments composites préfabriqués comportant en combinaison une couche isolante (3) et une couche de parement (1), la plaque frontale de parement (1) mécaniquement résistante étant solidarisée mécaniquement avec une couche isolante dorsale (3) et la couche de parement de chaque élément restant à la pose indépendante mécaniquement de celle des éléments voisins,
caractérisé en ce que le rebord (7) de la couche isolante est décalé par translation sur au moins une partie de son épaisseur par rapport au bord de la couche de parement (3) de manière à assurer un emboîtement des éléments avec décalage des joints.1. An element for the realization of thermal insulation from the exterior of buildings by applying jointed prefabricated composite elements to the facade comprising in combination an insulating layer (3) and a facing layer (1), the front plate of mechanically resistant facing (1) being mechanically secured with a dorsal insulating layer (3) and the facing layer of each element remaining in the pose mechanically independent from that of neighboring elements,
characterized in that the rim (7) of the insulating layer is offset by translation over at least part of its thickness relative to the edge of the facing layer (3) so as to ensure an interlocking of the elements with offset of the joints. 2. Un procédé de mise en oeuvre de l'élément selon la revendication 1,
caractérisé en ce que les parties (10) des joints se trouvant dans l'épaisseur des couches isolantes assemblées sont collées lors de l'application.2. A method of implementing the element according to claim 1,
characterized in that the parts (10) of the joints lying in the thickness of the assembled insulating layers are bonded during application. 3. Un élément selon la revendication 1,
caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte au moins un organe de fixation (12, 13, 23 à 25) scellé dans la couche de parement (1) et qui traverse la couche isolante (3) pour présenter un moyen de fixation sensiblement dans le plan de la face arrière de la couche isolante.3. An element according to claim 1,
characterized in that it comprises at least one fixing member (12, 13, 23 to 25) sealed in the facing layer (1) and which passes through the insulating layer (3) to present a fixing means substantially in the plane from the back side of the insulating layer. 4. Un élément selon la revendication 3,
caractérisé en ce que l'organe de fixation est une patte (15) qui fait saillie au-dessus du bord supérieur de la couche isolante.4. An element according to claim 3,
characterized in that the fixing member is a tab (15) which projects above the upper edge of the insulating layer. 5. Un élément selon la revendication 4,
caractérisé en ce qu'il présente le long de ses deux bords verticaux opposés, au moins deux ferrures complémentaires (13-14) qui s'enclenchent au montage avec les ferrures des éléments adjacents pour solidariser, contre un déplacement perpendiculaire à leur plan, deux éléments adjacents.5. An element according to claim 4,
characterized in that it has along its two edges opposite verticals, at least two complementary fittings (13-14) which engage during mounting with the fittings of the adjacent elements to secure, against a movement perpendicular to their plane, two adjacent elements. 6. Un élément selon la revendication 5,
caractérisé en ce que l'une (13) des ferrures complémentaires présente une patte sensiblement dans le plan de la face arrière de la couche isolante, patte qui fait saillie par rapport au bord latéral de la couche isolante.6. An element according to claim 5,
characterized in that one (13) of the complementary fittings has a tab substantially in the plane of the rear face of the insulating layer, a tab which projects relative to the lateral edge of the insulating layer. 7. Un élément selon la revendication 3,
caractérisé en ce que l'organe de fixation est constitué par au moins un organe d'accrochage (23-24) susceptible de s'accrocher sur le bord dirigé vers le haut d'un profil d'accrochage.7. An element according to claim 3,
characterized in that the fixing member consists of at least one hooking member (23-24) capable of hooking on the edge directed upwards of a hooking profile. 8. Un élément selon la revendication 7,
caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des organes d'accrochage le long de son bord haut (23) et le long de son bord bas (24) susceptibles de s'accrocher sur un profil formant lisse horizontale (20) et présentant deux bords d'accrochage parallèles (21-22).8. An element according to claim 7,
characterized in that it comprises hooking members along its top edge (23) and along its bottom edge (24) capable of hanging on a profile forming a horizontal rail (20) and having two edges d '' parallel hooking (21-22). 9. Un élément selon la revendication 7,
caractérisé en ce que l'organe d'accrochage est constitué par un profilé (26) placé sensiblement selon la ligne médiane horizontale de l'élément.9. An element according to claim 7,
characterized in that the attachment member consists of a profile (26) placed substantially along the horizontal center line of the element. 10. Un élément selon la revendication 9,
caractérisé en ce que le profilé (26) occupe sensiblement toute la largeur de la plaque.10. An element according to claim 9,
characterized in that the profile (26) occupies substantially the entire width of the plate. 11. Un élément selon l'une quelconque des revendications 9 et 10,
caractérisé en ce que le profil d'accrochage destiné à être chevillé sur la structure porteuse est constitué par une simple patte (27) de section en U perpendiculairement à la paroi, l'âme ayant une longueur, éventuellement réglable de manière connue, correspondant à l'épaisseur de la couche isolante.11. An element according to any one of claims 9 and 10,
characterized in that the attachment profile intended to be pegged to the support structure is constituted by a simple tab (27) of U-section perpendicular to the wall, the core having a length, possibly adjustable in known manner, corresponding to the thickness of the insulating layer. 12. Un élément selon la revendication 11,
caractérisé en ce que l'aile verticale (34) fait saillie latéralement du côté de l'élément mis en place le premier par rapport à l'aile arrière (29) de la patte dans laquelle est réalisé le trou (28) pour le piton de fixation.12. An element according to claim 11,
characterized in that the vertical wing (34) protrudes laterally from the side of the element that is first installed relative to the rear wing (29) of the tab in which the hole (28) for the peg is made of fixation.
EP19830402516 1982-12-24 1983-12-22 Cladding elements for the realisation of the thermal insulation on the exterior of buildings Expired EP0113290B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83402516T ATE51050T1 (en) 1982-12-24 1983-12-22 COVERING ELEMENTS FOR PERFORMING THERMAL INSULATION ON THE OUTSIDE OF BUILDINGS.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8221741 1982-12-24
FR8221741A FR2538431B1 (en) 1982-12-24 1982-12-24 PROCESS OF THERMAL INSULATION FROM THE OUTSIDE OF BUILDINGS AND CLADDING ELEMENTS FOR THEIR PRODUCTION
FR8303119A FR2541706B2 (en) 1982-12-24 1983-02-25 PROCESS OF THERMAL INSULATION FROM THE OUTSIDE OF BUILDINGS AND CLADDING ELEMENTS FOR THEIR PRODUCTION
FR8303119 1983-02-25

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EP0113290A1 true EP0113290A1 (en) 1984-07-11
EP0113290B1 EP0113290B1 (en) 1990-03-14

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FR2582334A1 (en) * 1985-05-24 1986-11-28 Cebador Charles Insulating panel for insulation on the outside and method for fitting it
FR2600357A1 (en) * 1986-06-20 1987-12-24 Damiguet Jean Jacques Element for the external thermal insulation of a wall
GB2202874A (en) * 1987-03-18 1988-10-05 Otford E P S Limited Insulating panels with offset upper & lower faces
FR2627213A1 (en) * 1988-02-12 1989-08-18 Guerin Gabriel Modular building block construction system - uses facing panels which attach to blocks by metal tabs before they are laid
EP0870885A1 (en) * 1997-04-08 1998-10-14 SOCIETE CIVILE NEURONE Société Civile dite : Façade covering and process for its manufacture
EP2699741A1 (en) * 2011-04-20 2014-02-26 Deco Nat Inc. Mortarless modular masonry siding system
WO2014106625A1 (en) * 2013-01-04 2014-07-10 Groz-Beckert Kg Prefabricated concrete element having textile reinforcement and retainers

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FR2582334A1 (en) * 1985-05-24 1986-11-28 Cebador Charles Insulating panel for insulation on the outside and method for fitting it
FR2600357A1 (en) * 1986-06-20 1987-12-24 Damiguet Jean Jacques Element for the external thermal insulation of a wall
GB2202874A (en) * 1987-03-18 1988-10-05 Otford E P S Limited Insulating panels with offset upper & lower faces
FR2627213A1 (en) * 1988-02-12 1989-08-18 Guerin Gabriel Modular building block construction system - uses facing panels which attach to blocks by metal tabs before they are laid
EP0870885A1 (en) * 1997-04-08 1998-10-14 SOCIETE CIVILE NEURONE Société Civile dite : Façade covering and process for its manufacture
EP2699741A1 (en) * 2011-04-20 2014-02-26 Deco Nat Inc. Mortarless modular masonry siding system
EP2699741A4 (en) * 2011-04-20 2014-11-05 Deco Nat Inc Mortarless modular masonry siding system
WO2014106625A1 (en) * 2013-01-04 2014-07-10 Groz-Beckert Kg Prefabricated concrete element having textile reinforcement and retainers
US9636886B2 (en) 2013-01-04 2017-05-02 Groz-Beckert Kg Prefabricated concrete element having textile reinforcement and retainers

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2541706A2 (en) 1984-08-31
EP0113290B1 (en) 1990-03-14
DE3381319D1 (en) 1990-04-19
FR2541706B2 (en) 1985-10-25

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