EP0101371B1 - Elektrischer Schalter mit rotierendem Lichtbogen - Google Patents

Elektrischer Schalter mit rotierendem Lichtbogen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0101371B1
EP0101371B1 EP83401612A EP83401612A EP0101371B1 EP 0101371 B1 EP0101371 B1 EP 0101371B1 EP 83401612 A EP83401612 A EP 83401612A EP 83401612 A EP83401612 A EP 83401612A EP 0101371 B1 EP0101371 B1 EP 0101371B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
circuit breaker
arc
contact assembly
core
annular electrode
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83401612A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0101371A1 (de
Inventor
Olivier Bouilliez
Michel Imbert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Merlin Gerin SA
Original Assignee
Merlin Gerin SA
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Publication date
Application filed by Merlin Gerin SA filed Critical Merlin Gerin SA
Priority to AT83401612T priority Critical patent/ATE18961T1/de
Publication of EP0101371A1 publication Critical patent/EP0101371A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0101371B1 publication Critical patent/EP0101371B1/de
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/98—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being initiated by an auxiliary arc or a section of the arc, without any moving parts for producing or increasing the flow
    • H01H33/982—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being initiated by an auxiliary arc or a section of the arc, without any moving parts for producing or increasing the flow in which the pressure-generating arc is rotated by a magnetic field

Definitions

  • a known switch of the kind mentioned requires low opening control energy, the magnetic arc blowing field being derived from the current to be interrupted.
  • the core is formed by a tubular metal part made of ferromagnetic material delimiting the gas circulation duct.
  • This duct has a circular section and serves as a housing for an organ for absorbing the products of decomposition of the blowing gas.
  • This member is arranged between two metal grids for the purpose of purifying and cooling the blowing gases. The presence of this absorption member in the conduit nevertheless precludes an efficient circulation of the gas in the direction of exhaust with possible formation of an ionized gas plug in the arc zone.
  • the coil is coaxially surrounded by a ferromagnetic tubular yoke extended by a deflector arranged around the extension zone of the arc.
  • This deflector protects the envelope against the effects of the arc, but prevents gas from circulating outside the fixed contact assembly. As a result, the breaking capacity of such a switch is limited.
  • the object of the present invention is to remedy these drawbacks and to enable the production of an efficient rotating arc switch.
  • the arc extension zone located at the front of the fixed contact assembly communicates freely with the opposite posterior zone both from the inside and from the outside of said assembly, the first path of the gas from the inside taking place through the said conduit and the second path from the outside intervening between the said fixed contact assembly and the internal wall of the envelope.
  • the present invention starts from a different design in that it increases, on the one hand, the magnetic blowing, that is to say the rotation of the arc by providing a ferromagnetic core inside the coil, and that it avoids, on the other hand, any zone of stagnation of ionized gases in the central zone confined by the arc.
  • the gases subjected to the action of the arc can escape freely on either side of the arc towards colder zones of the enclosure whose total volume is thus put to contribution. This gas flow does not blow the arc.
  • the core is preferably connected in series with the blow coil to maintain the magnetic blow during a switching of the arc on the core.
  • the exhaust duct can be formed inside the tubular core or between the internal face of the coil and the external face of a solid core of a smaller diameter or, of course, by a combination of these means .
  • the longitudinal profile of the exhaust duct is preferably shaped as a nozzle having a neck to which is connected, upstream, a convergent and, downstream, a divergent to promote flow in the direction of exhaust out of the zone d 'bow.
  • the blowing coil is surrounded externally by a yoke for reinforcing the magnetic field, and the opposite electrode has gas circulation orifices.
  • the waterproof envelope 10 is recognized, confining an enclosure 12 filled with a gas with high dielectric strength, such as sulfur hexafluoride.
  • a gas with high dielectric strength such as sulfur hexafluoride.
  • the casing 10 also contains arcing contacts constituted by two annular electrodes 24, 26, arranged face to face and tangential to the pivoting path of the end of the movable shunting contact 20.
  • the directory electrode 24 belongs to a fixed assembly 28 comprising an annular coil 30 associated with the rear face of the electrode 24 and fixed to a support 32.
  • a ferromagnetic core 34 in the form of an olive is disposed inside the coil 30, the front face or end 36 being close to the annular electrode 24.
  • the core 34 is mounted at its rear part on a fixing plate 38 fixed by studs 40 to the support 32 with interposition of insulating washers 42.
  • the studs 40 pass through the coil 30 and are welded to the rear of the annular electrode 24.
  • Such an assembly is described in the patent French FR-A-2,464,550 and allows the ferromagnetic core 34 to be isolated from the support 32, so as to keep the blowing coil 30 in circuit in the event of arcing on the core 34.
  • the coil 30 is connected between the support 32 and the annular electrode 24.
  • the diameter of the core 34 is less than the internal diameter of the coil 30, so as to provide an annular duct 44 allowing gas to escape through the fixed assembly 28.
  • the shape in olive of the core 34 defines a nozzle with converging inlet 46 and at divergent line 48, facilitating an escape of gases from the arc zone adjacent to the annular electrode 24.
  • a flow in opposite direction towards the annular electrode 24 is on the other hand braked.
  • a cylinder head 50 can be placed outside the coil 30.
  • the presence of the core 34 and possibly of the yoke 50 makes it possible to increase the intensity of the magnetic blowing field of the arc anchored on the annular electrode 24 and to cause its extinction.
  • the gases heated and ionized by the action of the arc in the vicinity of the annular electrode 24 can circulate freely outwards and inwards, escaping through the conduit formed by the interval 44. This thus avoids any stagnation of ionized gases in the central part of the fixed contact assembly 28 capable of hindering the extinction of the arc or of causing re-strikes.
  • This circulation has no direct blowing effect on the arc itself and only participates indirectly in cutting the current.
  • the choice of the section of the exhaust duct 44 and of the core 34 results from a compromise between the need to have a section of iron sufficient for a reinforcement of the magnetic field and a section sufficient for the exhaust of the gas in order not to brake the gas circulation too much.
  • FIG. 3 similar to FIG. 2 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the fixed contact assembly 28 in which a gas exhaust pipe 52 is formed inside a hollow core 54.
  • the pipe 52 is arranged in the form of a nozzle facilitating the evacuation of gases out of the arc zone, and it is clear that the operation is absolutely identical to that described above with reference to FIG. 2.
  • the evacuation through the core 54 can be combined with an evacuation of the coil, of the type shown in FIG. 2.
  • the annular electrode 26 opposite the electrode 24 has orifices 56 allowing gases to escape from the central zone confined by the rotating arc.
  • the gas circulation device according to the invention can, of course, be applied to any other type of rotary arc switch, for example of the type described in French patent FR-A-2,464,550, and the invention n is not limited to the embodiment more particularly described, but it extends to a switch in which the core 34, 54 is not at the same potential as the annular electrode 24, or that in which the structure of the fixed contact assembly would be different. It is noted that the first path of the gas from the inside takes place through the conduit 44, 52, while the second path from the outside takes place between the fixed contact assembly 28 and the internal lateral wall of the envelope. 10.

Landscapes

  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • Rotary Switch, Piano Key Switch, And Lever Switch (AREA)
  • Arc Welding Control (AREA)

Claims (8)

1. Elektrischer Schalter mit Selbstbeblasung durch Drehung des Lichtbogens unter Einfluss eines durch den Strom erzeugten Magnetfeldes, mit:
- einem dichten Gehäuse (10), das mit einem Gas von hoher dielektrischer Festigkeit gefüllt ist,
- einer Anordnung eines feststehenden Kontaktes (28), die frei in dem von dem Gehäuse (10) begrenzten Raum montiert ist,
- einer der Anordnung des feststehenden Kontaktes (28) zugehörige Ring-Elektrode (24), wel-
Figure imgb0001

dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ausoreitungszone des Lichtbogens, die sich an der Vorderseite der Anordnung des feststehenden Kontaktes (28) befindet und frei mit der gegenüberliegenden hinteren Zone gleichzeitig durch das Innere und das Äussere der genannten Anordnung (28) verbunden ist, wobei der Gasweg im Innern durch den genannten Durchgang (44, 52) führt und der zweite Weg aussenrum zwischen der genannten Anordnung des feststehenden Kontaktes (28) und der Innenwand des Gehäuses (10) erfolgt.
2. Schalter gemäss Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass, weil der genannte ferromagnetische Kern hohl ist, sich der Durchgang (52) koaxial Jurch den ferro-magnetischen Kern (54) erstrecki und diesseits und jenseits der genannten Anordnung des feststehenden Kontaktes (28) ausmündet.
3. Schalter gemäss Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der genannte Durchgang (44) von ringförmigem Querschnitt ist und zwischen der äusseren Oberfläche des Kerns (34) und der inneren Oberfläche der rohrförmigen Spule (30) mit höherem Querschnitt als der des Kerns begrenzt ist.
4. Schalter gemäss Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der genannte Durchgang (44,52) als Düse ausgebildet ist mit einem zusammenlaufenden Eingang (46) und einem auseinanderlaufenden Ausgang (48), um den Umlauf des Gases von der vorderen Zone zu der hinteren Zone der Anordnung des feststehenden Kontaktes (28) zu begünstigen.
5. Schalter gemäss Anspruch 1,2,3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kern (34, 54) elektrisch mit der Ring-Elektrode (24) verbunden ist, um im Falle eines Verankerns des Lichtbogens auf dem Kern die Schaltung der Spule (30) aufrechtzürhalten.
6. Schalter gemäss Anspruch 1, 2, 3, 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er eine zweite Ring-Elektrode (26) aufweist, wobei die genannten Ring-Elektroden (24, 26) einander gegenüber angeordnet sind, und wobei die zweite Elektrode (26) ebenfalls einen Durchgang (56) zum Umlauf des dahindurchfliessenden Gases aufweist.
7. Schalter gemäss irgendeinem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er Hauptkontakte (14, 16) aufweist, die koaxial und aussen von der genannten rohrförmigen Spule (30) angeordnet sind.
8. Schalter gemäss irgendeinem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er Hauptkontakte (14, 16) aufweist, die seitlich von der rohrförmigen Spule (30) angeordnet sind, wobei der Lichtbogen während des Öffnungsvorgangs des Schalters auf der Ring-Elektrode schaltet.
EP83401612A 1982-08-10 1983-08-04 Elektrischer Schalter mit rotierendem Lichtbogen Expired EP0101371B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83401612T ATE18961T1 (de) 1982-08-10 1983-08-04 Elektrischer schalter mit rotierendem lichtbogen.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8214032 1982-08-10
FR8214032A FR2531804B1 (fr) 1982-08-10 1982-08-10 Interrupteur electrique a arc tournant

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0101371A1 EP0101371A1 (de) 1984-02-22
EP0101371B1 true EP0101371B1 (de) 1986-04-02

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83401612A Expired EP0101371B1 (de) 1982-08-10 1983-08-04 Elektrischer Schalter mit rotierendem Lichtbogen

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US4532392A (de)
EP (1) EP0101371B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS5929315A (de)
AT (1) ATE18961T1 (de)
AU (1) AU559591B2 (de)
CA (1) CA1219025A (de)
DE (1) DE3362794D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2531804B1 (de)
IN (1) IN159740B (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS59144726U (ja) * 1983-03-15 1984-09-27 日新電機株式会社 ガスしや断器
US5464956A (en) * 1994-04-08 1995-11-07 S&C Electric Company Rotating arc interrupter for loadbreak switch

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB375308A (en) * 1931-03-18 1932-06-20 Electr & Allied Ind Res Ass Improvements relating to electric switches and circuit breakers
US3858015A (en) * 1972-09-15 1974-12-31 Gen Electric Electric circuit breaker of the gas blast type
JPS50121775A (de) * 1974-03-14 1975-09-23
DE2423104C2 (de) * 1974-05-13 1986-02-06 Brown, Boveri & Cie Ag, 6800 Mannheim Elektrischer Druckgasschalter
US4017954A (en) * 1975-09-22 1977-04-19 Amp Incorporated Tool for gang crimping ribbon coaxial cable
JPS53117767A (en) * 1977-03-24 1978-10-14 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Switch
CH641593A5 (en) * 1979-01-18 1984-02-29 Sprecher & Schuh Ag Gas-blast circuit breaker
FR2494493A1 (fr) * 1980-11-17 1982-05-21 Merlin Gerin Disjoncteur electrique a autosoufflage par rotation de l'arc

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE18961T1 (de) 1986-04-15
IN159740B (de) 1987-06-06
JPS5929315A (ja) 1984-02-16
AU1782183A (en) 1984-02-16
DE3362794D1 (en) 1986-05-07
FR2531804A1 (fr) 1984-02-17
EP0101371A1 (de) 1984-02-22
CA1219025A (en) 1987-03-10
AU559591B2 (en) 1987-03-12
FR2531804B1 (fr) 1985-06-07
US4532392A (en) 1985-07-30

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