EP3435394B1 - Filtervorrichtung von schaltgas, und abschaltgerät eines elektrischen stroms, das eine solche filtervorrichtung umfasst - Google Patents

Filtervorrichtung von schaltgas, und abschaltgerät eines elektrischen stroms, das eine solche filtervorrichtung umfasst Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3435394B1
EP3435394B1 EP18185505.7A EP18185505A EP3435394B1 EP 3435394 B1 EP3435394 B1 EP 3435394B1 EP 18185505 A EP18185505 A EP 18185505A EP 3435394 B1 EP3435394 B1 EP 3435394B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cut
filtering device
outlet
gas
orifice
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP18185505.7A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3435394A1 (de
Inventor
Marc Rival
Cyril DOMENECH
Daniel Rota
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Schneider Electric Industries SAS
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Schneider Electric Industries SAS
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Publication of EP3435394A1 publication Critical patent/EP3435394A1/de
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/34—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H01H9/342—Venting arrangements for arc chutes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/72—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid having stationary parts for directing the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid, e.g. arc-extinguishing chamber
    • H01H33/74—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid having stationary parts for directing the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid, e.g. arc-extinguishing chamber wherein the break is in gas
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/24—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies
    • B01D46/2403—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies characterised by the physical shape or structure of the filtering element
    • B01D46/2418—Honeycomb filters
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/16—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
    • B01D39/20—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of inorganic material, e.g. asbestos paper, metallic filtering material of non-woven wires
    • B01D39/2027—Metallic material
    • B01D39/2051—Metallic foam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/10—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filter plates, sheets or pads having plane surfaces
    • B01D46/12—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filter plates, sheets or pads having plane surfaces in multiple arrangements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/54—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using ultra-fine filter sheets or diaphragms
    • B01D46/543—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using ultra-fine filter sheets or diaphragms using membranes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/56—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/53—Cases; Reservoirs, tanks, piping or valves, for arc-extinguishing fluid; Accessories therefor, e.g. safety arrangements, pressure relief devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2267/00—Multiple filter elements specially adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D2267/40—Different types of filters

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a cut-off gas filtering device for an electric current cut-off device.
  • the invention also relates to an electric apparatus for cutting off an electric current comprising such a filtering device.
  • a cut-off gas filtering device for an electric current cut-off device with separable contacts and comprising an electric arc cutting chamber according to the preamble of claim 1 is known from the document DE 10 2007 028204 A1 .
  • Electric devices such as circuit breakers or contactors, which make it possible to selectively interrupt the circulation of an electric current within an electrical circuit, for example within an electrical distribution network for domestic use or industrial.
  • These breaking devices include separable electrical contacts connected to terminals for input and output of an electric current. These electrical contacts are selectively movable between a closed position, in which it allows the circulation of electric current between the terminals and, alternatively, an open position in which they are separated from one another in order to prevent the circulation of this Electric power.
  • the cleavage gases have a high temperature, typically greater than 4000 ° C. and comprise particles such as soot which generally originate from a partial fusion of various internal components of the apparatus under the action of the electric arc.
  • the cut-off gas must therefore be cooled and deionized, by means of a dedicated device filtration system, before being discharged to the outside.
  • This makes it possible in particular to avoid a loopback of the electric arc current outside the device, for example between the input and / or output terminals and external metal parts, for example within a switchboard. electrical, due to the high electrical conductivity of the ionized cleavage gas. Such a loopback leads to the formation of a short circuit, causing an unacceptable and dangerous safety defect.
  • the invention more particularly intends to remedy, by proposing a device for filtering cut-off gases for an electrical device for cutting off an electric current in the air, this filtering device making it possible to reduce satisfactorily the temperature of the cut-off gases generated by this electrical appliance while limiting the pressure of the cut-off gases.
  • the use of an entry piece of metallic material with flared walls makes it possible to channel the jet of interrupting gas when it leaves the interrupting chamber. Because the part is made of metallic material, and not of plastic material, the ablation of material caused by the jet of gas during its passage through the inlet part generates less gas than in known plastic filtering devices , which limits the increase in the pressure of the cutting gases.
  • the diffuser makes it possible to distribute the flow of breaking gas entering over the entire surface of the filter, which increases the filtering efficiency ensured by the latter and prevents the gas jet from being concentrated locally, which could pierce the filter.
  • the filter is made of metal foam, it provides significant cooling while occupying a reduced volume, due to the high porosity of the metal foam.
  • the combination of the inlet part, the gas diffuser and the filter makes it possible to cool the cut-off gas by absorbing a significant amount of energy from the latter, while limiting the increase in pressure, all with compact architecture.
  • the cut-off unit comprises a second cut-off chamber comprising a second cut-off gas outlet
  • the shutoff comprising a second filtering device disposed at the outlet of the second outlet, the first and second filtering devices being identical to each other, the inlet orifice of said filtering device being fluidly connected to said outlet of the shutdown gases, l the additional inlet orifice of the second filtering device being fluidly connected to said second outlet of the breaking gases.
  • the figures 1 and 2 represent an apparatus for breaking 2 of an electric current with separable electrical contacts and for breaking in the air.
  • the device 2 is a low-voltage, high-current multipole circuit breaker.
  • the device 2 is adapted to operate with electric voltages less than or equal to 1000 Volts AC and 1500 Volts DC and with electric short-circuit currents of intensity greater than or equal to 1 kA.
  • the device 2 is here adapted to act on a three-phase current and for this purpose comprises three distinct poles, each associated with a phase of the electric current.
  • the apparatus 2 may be different. It may for example be a contactor or a DC circuit breaker.
  • the device can also have a number of different poles, for example being a monopolar or four-pole device.
  • the device 2 is intended to be connected to an electrical circuit to ensure protection against electrical faults, such as a short circuit or an overcurrent.
  • the apparatus 2 comprises so-called upstream connection terminals 4, 4 'and 4 ", each associated with a phase of the electric current.
  • the apparatus 2 comprises so-called downstream connection terminals 6, 6' and 6 ".
  • These upstream connection terminals and downstream extend here projecting from a rear face 12 of a housing 8 of the device 2, this rear face 12 being opposite to a front face 10 of the housing 8 of the device 2.
  • P1 a longitudinal geometric plane of the device 2.
  • the apparatus 2 comprises a cut-off block 13, also called cut-off bulb, containing separable electrical contacts.
  • These separable electrical contacts are here produced by the association of fixed electrical contacts 14, integral with a frame of the device 2, and of movable electrical contacts 16 which are movable relative to the fixed contacts 14, between an open state and a closed state.
  • the contacts 14 and 16 are illustrated in the open state.
  • the cut-off block 13 is associated with one of the phases of the current and is associated with the terminals 4 and 6.
  • the device 2 here comprises other cut-off blocks, each associated with one of the other electrical phases and each comprising separable electrical contacts. These cut-off blocks are preferably housed in separate compartments of the housing 8. The structure and function of these cut-off blocks and their separable contacts are similar to those of the cut-off block 13, so that the description given below also applies.
  • the device 2 comprises two other cut-off blocks respectively associated with the two other phases of the electric current and with the terminals 4 ′ and 6 ′, 4 "and 6".
  • the movable contacts 16 are in electrical contact with the fixed contacts 14 and thus authorize the circulation of an electric current within the device 2 between the opposite terminals 4 and 6.
  • the movable contacts 16 are distant from the fixed contacts 14 to prevent the flow of an electric current, the contacts 14 and 16 being thus electrically isolated by the ambient air. The electric current is thus prevented from flowing between the opposite terminals 4 and 6, at least when no electric arc is present.
  • the fixed contacts 14 and the mobile contacts 16 here carry contact pads, respectively denoted 20 and 21 and here made of copper, intended to promote better electrical conductivity between the contacts 14 and 16 when they are in the closed state.
  • the movable contacts 16 are formed by a single piece of an electrically conductive material, which is carried by a rotary member 22 rotatably mounted relative to the housing 8.
  • the fixed contacts 14 are here arranged symmetrically relative to the axis of rotation of the member 22.
  • the energy of the electric arc can reach up to 100kJ.
  • the cut-off gas pressure can reach up to 30 bar.
  • the breaking gas is ejected outside the housing 8 with a temperature greater than 4000 ° C. and a sonic speed greater than 300 m / s.
  • the device 2 also includes arc breaking chambers 24 and 24 ', which have the function of ensuring the extinction of such an electric arc.
  • Each breaking chamber 24, 24 ′ is thus, in this example, associated with and placed opposite a contact zone between a fixed contact 14 and a movable contact 16.
  • the breaking chamber 24 is associated with the contacts electrical 14 and 16 which are on the side of the upstream terminal 4, and the breaking chamber 24 'is associated with the electrical contacts 14 and 16 which are on the side of the downstream terminal 6.
  • the interrupting chamber 24 comprises a stack of sheets 26, also called arc separation plates, and a channel 30 for evacuation of the interrupting gases which opens out from the housing 8 of the device 2 at the level of a gas exhaust outlet.
  • the plates of the stack 26 have the function of extinguishing the electric arc by dividing it into a plurality of distinct arcs between the plates.
  • the evacuation channel 30 has the function of evacuating the cut-off gas from the casing of the appliance 2 towards the corresponding gas outlet.
  • the evacuation channel 30 here comprises a protective grid 32 so as to prevent the entry of foreign bodies inside the cutting chamber 24, for example to ensure a seal against dust and / or against foreign bodies with a diameter greater than 1mm.
  • This grid 32 can however be omitted.
  • the interrupting gases from this interrupting chamber 24 can here escape outside the apparatus 2 only through the channel 30.
  • the housing 8 is made of a gas-tight material .
  • the breaking block 13 may include a different number of breaking chambers.
  • the number of switching chambers is here chosen as a function of the number and arrangement of the fixed 14 and mobile 16 contacts forming these separable contacts.
  • the device 2 may have only one breaking chamber when it only has a fixed contact 14 and a movable contact 16 associated with this electrical phase.
  • the interrupting chambers 24 and 24 ' are similar here.
  • the interrupting chamber 24 ' notably comprises a stack 26' and an evacuation channel 30 'which are analogous, respectively, to the stack 26 and to the evacuation channel 30.
  • the chambers 24 and 24 "differ in particular from each other by their position within the cut-off block and by the spatial configuration of the channels 30 and 30 ', as described below.
  • the channels 30 and 30 ' open to the outside of the housing 8 each by means of an outlet, such as one or more openings or orifices, located on an upper and lower face, respectively, of the housing 8.
  • control mechanism 40 The movement of the movable electrical contacts 16 relative to the fixed contacts 14 is ensured by means of a control mechanism 40, which is not described in more detail in the following.
  • This control mechanism 40 is here manually operable by an operator, by means of a control lever 42 located on the front face 10 of the device 2.
  • the mechanism 40 is also actuable automatically, for example in the event of an electrical fault detected at by means of a trigger 44 integrated into the device 2.
  • the trigger 44 is a thermal and / or magnetic trigger.
  • the mechanism 40 is arranged to control the simultaneous movement of the mobile electrical contacts belonging to the different cut-off blocks of the device 2.
  • the apparatus 2 also comprises at least one filtering device 50 which has the function of cooling and decontaminating the cut-off gases and of reducing their pressure before their evacuation from the apparatus 2.
  • the filtering device 50 comprises an inlet part 52, a gas diffuser 54 and a metal foam filter 56.
  • these elements are illustrated in an exploded view to facilitate understanding. However, in practice, these elements are assembled together to form the filtering device 50.
  • a longitudinal axis of the filtering device 50 is denoted “X50” and a transverse geometric plane of the filtering device 50 is denoted “P2”.
  • the inlet part 52, the gas diffuser 54 and the filter 56 are assembled and aligned with each other along the axis X50.
  • each cut-off block of the appliance 2 comprises two filtering devices 50, each placed at the outlet of a cut-off chamber 24, 24 'of this cut-off block, that is to say here at the outlet of the corresponding evacuation channel 30, 30 ′, so as to collect and filter the cut-off gases coming from this cut-off block.
  • the number of filtering devices 50 is modified accordingly, so that each cut-off gas outlet orifice is provided with a device filter 50.
  • the two filtering devices 50 associated with the cut-off block described above bear the references 50a and 50b, respectively, so as to differentiate them in the description which follows.
  • the filtering device 50a is placed at the outlet of the interrupting chamber 24 and the filtering device 50b is placed at the outlet of the interrupting chamber 24 '. More specifically, the devices 50a and 50b are placed at the outlet of the discharge channels 30 and 30 ', respectively.
  • the input part 52 is here made of metallic material, preferably of nickel-plated steel.
  • the metallic material may however be different, for example being stainless steel.
  • the inlet part 52 has an inlet orifice 60, called the main orifice.
  • This inlet port 60 is intended to be fluidly connected to an outlet gas from the apparatus 2, preferably in a sealed manner, to allow the passage of the arcing gases from the gas outlet towards the interior of the device. filter 50.
  • fluidically connected is meant here that elements are connected together so as to allow the circulation of a fluid, such as a gas, preferably in a sealed manner, that is to say by limiting leaks apart from these elements at their connection.
  • the inlet part 52 also has an outlet orifice 66.
  • the inlet part 52 also has inlet walls 62, 64 which here extend from the inlet orifice 60 towards the outlet orifice 66 .
  • the inlet port 60 has dimensions smaller than those of the outlet port 66. For example, the area of the inlet port 60 does not exceed that of the cut-off gas orifice to which it is associated. By limiting the dimensions of the opening, the risk that the electric arc can escape from the breaking chamber 24 is reduced, 24 'to the filtering device 50, which limits the risk of the electrical current being looped back outside the device 2.
  • the walls 62, 64 here have a flared shape which widens from the inlet port 60 towards the outlet port 66.
  • the walls 62 and 64 partly define a first part 68 of the part 52, this first part 68 having a flared shape in the manner of a funnel, which widens here along the axis. X50, and ending with a first opening with a surface area greater than that of the inlet opening 60.
  • This first opening is here arranged opposite the outlet orifice 66 and opens into this outlet orifice 66.
  • This first opening here has dimensions smaller than those of the outlet orifice 66.
  • the first part 68 extends parallel to the axis X50.
  • the first part 68 may have a different shape, for example a conical shape.
  • the inlet part 52 optionally comprises a secondary inlet orifice 70, also called an additional inlet orifice.
  • a secondary inlet orifice 70 also called an additional inlet orifice.
  • the additional orifice 70 is formed under the first part 68.
  • the part 52 also includes an inclined wall 72 which extends from the additional orifice 70 towards the outlet orifice 60.
  • the position and dimensions of the inlet orifice 60 and, if necessary, of the additional orifice 70 are chosen according to the shape and the location of the cut-off gas exhaust outlets, as explained in what follows.
  • the flared shape of the walls 62, 64 and therefore of the first part 68, as well as the inclined shape of the wall 72, contribute to deflect and orient, towards the gas diffuser 54, the jet of cut gas when it penetrates in entrance room 52.
  • the entry piece 52 also has a second part, partly delimited by walls 74, 76 and by flat side walls, not referenced.
  • the second part is formed in the extension of the first part 68.
  • the side walls here extend from the first part and from the secondary orifice 70 as far as the outlet orifice 66.
  • the interrupting chambers 24 and 24 'and the exhaust channels 30, 30' are arranged differently and non-symmetrically.
  • the discharge channels 30, 30 'therefore open at different positions on opposite faces of the housing 8.
  • the channel 30 opens outside the housing 8 on an exhaust outlet located essentially in the middle of the face upper
  • the channel 30 ' opens outside the housing 8 on an exhaust outlet located on an edge of the lower face, in particular because of the presence of the trigger 44 which prevents it from opening in the middle of the face lower.
  • the additional inlet port 70 is here intended to be fluidly connected to the outlet of the channel 30 ', while the inlet port 60 is here intended to be fluidly connected to the outlet of the channel 30.
  • the additional orifice of the filtering device 50a opens onto a part of the housing 8 and receives no cut-off gas.
  • the inlet orifice 60 of the filtering device 50b opens onto a wall of the housing 8 and does not receive any cutting gas.
  • the same model of filtering device 50 can be associated with gas outlets placed at different locations of the device 2 and having different orientations and / or geometries. It is therefore not necessary to have recourse, within the same switching device 2, to filtering devices having different geometries. This therefore simplifies the manufacture of the device 2 on an industrial scale, both in terms of cost and management of the parts necessary for manufacturing.
  • the part 52 may be different.
  • the secondary inlet orifice 70 can be omitted. This is for example the case when the cut-off block of the device 2 has only one cut-off chamber 24.
  • the number and the shape of the walls 62, 64 can also be different.
  • filtration devices 50a and 50b different from one another can be used within the apparatus 2, for example each adapted to the position and / or the shape of the gas outlets of cut.
  • the secondary inlet orifice 70 can be omitted, when the inlet part 52 is adapted to the shape and to the position of the outlet of the breaking gases.
  • the diffuser 54 has the function of promoting the distribution of the flow of cut gas entering the part 52 over the entire inlet surface of the filter 56, in particular to prevent the gas jet from concentrating completely on a precise zone of the filter. 56, which could damage it.
  • the diffuser 54 comprises a layer, or fabric, of metallic fabric formed by weaving metallic wires.
  • these metal wires are very thick, for example with a diameter greater than 1mm.
  • the fabric has a “reps” type mesh.
  • This layer of fabric has a planar shape and here extends parallel to the plane P2 in the outlet orifice 66 over the entire area of the cross section of the outlet orifice 66.
  • the threads woven therebetween thus delimit a plurality of through orifices which allow the breaking gas to pass through the fabric of metallic fabric as it travels through it.
  • the layer of fabric is stretched between the walls 74 and 76 of the entry piece 52.
  • the metallic fabric is here made of stainless steel, preferably of the "AISI 316L” type, with weft threads of diameter greater than or equal to 1.4mm and warp threads of diameter greater than or equal to 2mm, of preferably with a weave with a plain weave structure.
  • the metallic fabric reps can be produced differently, for example with different wire diameters and / or a different weave.
  • the threads forming the fabric can be made of stainless steel of the "AISI 304L" type.
  • the diffuser 54 comprises an assembly of metal plates, or sheets, perforated with orifices. These plates are arranged in the outlet orifice 66 so as to cover the outlet orifice 66. They play a role similar to the metallic fabric described above.
  • these metal plates are arranged parallel to each other, here along the plane P2, and are spaced from one another along the axis X50.
  • the perforations are provided on these plates by being arranged in a misaligned manner with respect to the perforations of the immediately adjacent plates, that is to say that these perforations are not located opposite the perforations of the immediately adjacent plates and are not not aligned with these perforations of the immediately adjacent plates. This prevents the jet of interrupting gas from passing through the diffuser 54 in a straight line and, on the contrary, promotes the routing and the spatial distribution of the interrupting gas through the diffuser 54.
  • the filter 56 comprises a layer of porous metallic foam, placed at the outlet of the gas diffuser 54, for example by being attached to the latter and by covering an outlet face of the latter over its entire surface.
  • the filter 56 comprises a stack of several such layers of metallic foam joined together.
  • the layer or layers of metal foam are arranged parallel to the plane P2 between the walls 74 and 76 of the entry piece 52.
  • the layer or layers of foam are mounted in leaktight manner, to prevent the gas cut-off from the diffuser 54 cannot escape outside the diffuser 50 without passing through the filter 56.
  • This metal foam has a high porosity, for example greater than or equal to 90% and, preferably, greater than or equal to 95%.
  • the porosity is here defined as being the ratio between, on the one hand, the volume of the recesses contained inside a volume of foam and, on the other hand, said volume of foam.
  • the metallic foam has a porous honeycomb structure formed from a solid metallic material.
  • it has a high exchange surface, for example greater than or equal to 1500 m 2 per cubic meter of foam and, preferably, greater than or equal to 2500 m 2 per cubic meter or, even more preferably, greater than or equal to 2800 m 2 per cubic meter.
  • the porosities of the metallic foam open onto the outside of the foam layer, for example at the level of the outer faces of this layer.
  • the cut-off gases leaving the diffuser 54 can enter the layer 56 and pass through it, then exit it outside the filtering device 50.
  • the metal foam is made of nickel.
  • the foam 56 can be made of a nickel-chromium alloy.
  • the combination of the inlet part 52, the gas diffuser 54 and the filter 56 makes it possible to cool the cut-off gas by absorbing a large amount of energy from the latter, while limiting the ablation of material by the gas. cutoff.
  • the increase in pressure typically observed is largely caused by the ablation of material by the hot cut-off gas, particularly when these devices are made of plastic.
  • the increase in pressure typically observed in known devices is limited. Even if such an ablation occurs, the pressure increase is less significant, because the metallic materials used are less gas-generating than the plastic materials of known devices, that is to say that they give off less gas when they are exposed to the flow of hot interrupting gas.
  • the cut-off gases leaving the filtering device 50 are cooled satisfactorily, and their pressure is reduced compared to known filtering devices.
  • the pressure of the interrupting gases is four times less, or even five times less, than the pressure of the interrupting gases at the outlet of known filtering devices.
  • the operation of the device 2 is more secure. It can be used in a confined environment, limiting the risk of damaging its environment during a power outage.
  • the filtering devices 50 of the device 2 are grouped within filtering assemblies 80, which each group together several filtering devices 50 associated with different cut-off blocks of the device 2.
  • the cut-off gas outlets of the device 2 are here located on an upper face of the housing 8 at an upper zone 82, and on a lower face of the housing 8 at a lower zone 84.
  • the apparatus 2 therefore comprises two filter assemblies 80, one associated with the outputs placed on the zone 82 and fixed to the housing 8 on this zone 82 and the other associated with the outputs placed on the zone 84 and fixed to the housing 8 on this interface 84 .
  • the filter assemblies 80 are identical here and each comprise three filter devices 50, preferably identical to each other.
  • the lower zone 84 comprises three housings 86, or cavities, each formed at the base of the housing 8 in alignment with one of the cut-off blocks.
  • the housings 86 are separated from each other by partition walls 87, here vertical and extending perpendicular to the underside, here parallel to the plane P1. These separation walls 87 are here formed in one piece with the housing 8.
  • Each of these housings 86 also contains a connection interface 88, for receiving one end of a connection terminal 6, 6 ′, 6 ".
  • Each interface 88 is here provided with a bore, for example tapped, intended to receive a fixing screw which holds the corresponding terminal end 6, 6 ', 6 ".
  • This interface 86 further comprises a plastic envelope on which the bore is formed and which surrounds an extension of the fixed contact 14.
  • the area 84 also includes orifices 90 which are in connection with the channel 30 'and which together form an outlet for the breaking gases from the breaking chamber 24'.
  • the orifices 90 are here placed at a rear edge of the zone 84.
  • the assembly 80 further comprises a separation piece 92 which is mounted on the lower face at the level of the zone 84.
  • This piece 92 notably comprises separation walls 94 which extend the separation walls 87, thus delimiting housings in the extension of the housings 86.
  • the part 92 also includes a cover 96, attached to its front face so as to hide and protect the housings 86.
  • a filtering device 50 is received in each of these housings.
  • the inlet part 52 of each of these filtering devices 50 is pressed against the base of the housing 8 at the level of the area 84, being arranged so that the secondary inlet orifice 70 is placed opposite the orifices 90 correspondents.
  • the upper zone 82 is produced in a similar manner, except that here, the interfaces 88 allow the connection of the terminals 4, 4 ′ and 4 ". Furthermore, here, the discharge channel 30 has a different geometry that of the evacuation channel 30 'and opens out at a separate location distant from the interface 86.
  • the part 52 of each of the filtering devices 50 is pressed against the base of the housing 8 at the level of the zone 82, being arranged so that the inlet orifice main 60 is placed opposite the outlet of the discharge channel 30. The orifices 90 can then be omitted.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Filtering Materials (AREA)
  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Vorrichtung (50, 50a, 50b) zum Filtern von Schaltgas für eine Abschaltanlage (2) für elektrischen Strom, mit trennbaren Kontakten und umfassend eine Löschkammer für einen Lichtbogen, wobei diese Filtervorrichtung (50, 50a, 50b) dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass sie miteinander zusammengesetzt Folgendes umfasst:
    - ein Eingangsteil (52) für die Schaltgase, wobei dieses Eingangsteil (52) aus metallischem Material hergestellt ist und umfasst:
    • eine Einlassöffnung (60), die dazu vorgesehen ist, fluidisch mit einem Schaltgasauslass einer Schaltanlage (2) für elektrischen Strom verbunden zu werden,
    • eine Auslassöffnung (66) und
    • mindestens eine Bördelwand (62, 64, 72), die sich zwischen der Einlassöffnung und der Auslassöffnung erstreckt;
    - einen Gasdiffusor (54), der die Auslassöffnung (66) des Einlassteils (52) abdeckt, wobei dieser Gasdiffusor eine flache Form aufweist und Durchgangsöffnungen umfasst;
    gekennzeichnet durch
    - einen Filter (56) aus porösem Metallschaum, der am Ausgang des Gasdiffusors (54) angeordnet ist.
  2. Filtervorrichtung (50, 50a, 50b) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Eingangsteil (52) eine zusätzliche Eingangsöffnung (70) aufweist, die dazu vorgesehen ist, mit einem Ausgang einer Schaltkammer (24') fluidisch verbunden zu werden, wobei sich zumindest eine der Wände (72) des Einlassteils von dieser zusätzlichen Einlassöffnung (70) zu der Auslassöffnung (66) erstreckt.
  3. Filtervorrichtung (50, 50a, 50b) nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Gasdiffusor (54) ein Netz aus einem Metallgewebe aufweist.
  4. Filtervorrichtung (50, 50a, 50b) nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Netz aus Metallgewebe ein Ripsgewebe aus Edelstahl ist, das durch Weben von Draht mit einem Durchmesser von 1 mm oder mehr gebildet wird.
  5. Filtervorrichtung (50, 50a, 50b) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Gasdiffusor (54) eine Lochblechanordnung aufweist.
  6. Filtervorrichtung (50, 50a, 50b) nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Metallschaum des Filters (56) eine Porosität von 90% oder größer aufweist.
  7. Filtervorrichtung (50, 50a, 50b) nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Metallschaum des Filters (56) aus Nickel oder einer Nickel-Chrom-Legierung besteht.
  8. Filtervorrichtung (50, 50a, 50b) nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Einlassteil (52) aus Edelstahl oder vernickeltem Stahl besteht.
  9. Vorrichtung (2) zum Abschalten eines elektrischen Stroms, wobei diese Vorrichtung (2) umfasst:
    - einen Schaltblock, der aufweist:
    • trennbare elektrische Kontakte (14, 16), die an Eingangs klemmen (4; 4'; 4") und Ausgangsklemmen (6; 6'; 6") eines elektrischen Stroms angeschlossen sind, und
    • eine Löschkammer (24, 24') für einen Lichtbogen, um einen während der Trennung der trennbaren elektrischen Kontakte (14, 16) gebildeten Lichtbogen zu löschen, wobei diese Löschkammer fluidisch mit einem Schaltgasauslass der Vorrichtung (2) verbunden ist;
    - eine Schaltgasfiltervorrichtung (50, 50a, 50b), die fluidisch mit dem Schaltgasauslass verbunden ist;
    wobei die Abschaltvorrichtung (2) dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass die Filtervorrichtung (50, 50a, 50b) einer gemäß den vorhergehenden Ansprüche entspricht.
  10. Abschaltvorrichtung (2) nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schaltblock eine zweite Schaltkammer (24') mit einem zweiten Schaltgasauslass aufweist, wobei die Abschaltvorrichtung (2) eine zweite Filtervorrichtung (50b) aufweist, die an dem Ausgang des zweiten Auslasses angeordnet ist, wobei die erste und zweite Filtervorrichtung (50a, 50b) einer gemäß Anspruch 2 entsprechen und miteinander identisch sind, wobei die Einlassöffnung (60) der Filtervorrichtung (50a) mit dem Schaltgasauslass fluidisch verbunden ist, wobei die zusätzliche Einlassöffnung (70) der zweiten Filtervorrichtung (50b) fluidisch mit dem zweiten Schaltgasauslass verbunden ist.
EP18185505.7A 2017-07-26 2018-07-25 Filtervorrichtung von schaltgas, und abschaltgerät eines elektrischen stroms, das eine solche filtervorrichtung umfasst Active EP3435394B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1757104A FR3069699B1 (fr) 2017-07-26 2017-07-26 Dispositif de filtrage de gaz de coupure et appareil de coupure d'un courant electrique comprenant un tel dispositif de filtrage

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EP3435394A1 EP3435394A1 (de) 2019-01-30
EP3435394B1 true EP3435394B1 (de) 2020-02-12

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US (1) US10522310B2 (de)
EP (1) EP3435394B1 (de)
CN (1) CN109304064B (de)
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FR (1) FR3069699B1 (de)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN109304064B (zh) 2022-03-04
US10522310B2 (en) 2019-12-31
EP3435394A1 (de) 2019-01-30
CN109304064A (zh) 2019-02-05
ES2778693T3 (es) 2020-08-11
US20190035580A1 (en) 2019-01-31
FR3069699A1 (fr) 2019-02-01
FR3069699B1 (fr) 2019-09-06

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