EP2894646B1 - Elektrische Kontaktvorrichtung und unipolarer Abschaltblock mit niedriger Spannung, der eine solche elektrische Kontaktvorrichtung umfasst - Google Patents

Elektrische Kontaktvorrichtung und unipolarer Abschaltblock mit niedriger Spannung, der eine solche elektrische Kontaktvorrichtung umfasst Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2894646B1
EP2894646B1 EP15150739.9A EP15150739A EP2894646B1 EP 2894646 B1 EP2894646 B1 EP 2894646B1 EP 15150739 A EP15150739 A EP 15150739A EP 2894646 B1 EP2894646 B1 EP 2894646B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
moving
contact surface
bridge
support
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP15150739.9A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2894646A1 (de
Inventor
Philippe Legendre
Jean-Paul Gonnet
Denis Giraud
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schneider Electric Industries SAS
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Schneider Electric Industries SAS
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Publication date
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Publication of EP2894646A1 publication Critical patent/EP2894646A1/de
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/06—Contacts characterised by the shape or structure of the contact-making surface, e.g. grooved
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H01H1/20—Bridging contacts
    • H01H1/2041—Rotating bridge
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/64—Protective enclosures, baffle plates, or screens for contacts
    • H01H1/66—Contacts sealed in an evacuated or gas-filled envelope, e.g. magnetic dry-reed contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/53—Cases; Reservoirs, tanks, piping or valves, for arc-extinguishing fluid; Accessories therefor, e.g. safety arrangements, pressure relief devices
    • H01H33/56—Gas reservoirs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H73/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of a hand reset mechanism
    • H01H73/02—Details
    • H01H73/04—Contacts
    • H01H73/045—Bridging contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/06—Contacts characterised by the shape or structure of the contact-making surface, e.g. grooved
    • H01H1/10—Laminated contacts with divided contact surface
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2205/00—Movable contacts
    • H01H2205/016—Separate bridge contact

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electrical contact device forming part of an electrical interruption device capable of allowing or interrupting the passage of an electric current and a low-voltage unipolar breaking block incorporating such an electrical contact device.
  • the invention finds particular application in multipole low-voltage electrical switchgear devices constituted by assembling unipolar breaking blocks, electrically connected to a trip unit that may comprise magnetothermic or electronic means.
  • This electrical switching device comprises at least one unipolar breaking block, and preferably three unipolar breaking blocks, each unipolar breaking block being connected to a trigger block at a downstream connection pad.
  • Each unipolar cutoff block also includes an upstream connection pad, allowing it to be connected to a power line.
  • Such a unipolar break block comprises a housing comprising a movable contact bridge comprising at each end a contact surface, a pair of fixed contacts, each fixed contact cooperating with the movable contact bridge and being connected to a supply lead of Electric power.
  • the contact surfaces of the movable contact bridge are respectively arranged on contact pads.
  • the contact pads play an important role, because they must make good electrical contact in normal operation at rated current, while being robust to wear.
  • the document DE4204641 discloses a contact pad having a spherical contact surface, so as to control the position of the contact point with an electrical contact, thereby making contact with good mechanical and electrical performance.
  • the document EP 0540 431 A1 discloses an electrical contact device according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention aims to provide an improved contact device in case of arcing, while maintaining very good mechanical and electrical contact performance in normal use.
  • an electrical contact device forming part of an electrical interruption device capable of allowing or interrupting the passage of an electric current, comprising at least one mobile support and one contact pad mounted on the movable support, the movable support being able to evolve to position the contact pad in contact with a fixed contact surface connected to an electrical conductor, the contact pad comprising a contact surface intended to collaborate with said fixed contact area.
  • This electrical contact device is remarkable in that said contact surface of the contact pad comprises a first portion of spherical shape, comprising a zone of effective contact with said fixed contact surface in the current passage authorization position, and , in continuity with the first portion in spherical shape, a second convex portion of variable shape ranging from spherical to cylindrical.
  • the first portion of spherical shape of the contact patch makes it possible to achieve a centering of the effective point of contact, and to guarantee good mechanical and electrical endurance performance.
  • the contact pad comprises, in continuity with the first portion in spherical shape, a second portion of variable area ranging from spherical to cylindrical, which allows a faster circulation of an electric arc formed to the outside of the contact patch.
  • the movable contact bridge of this unipolar break block comprises a contact device as briefly described above.
  • the unipolar breaking block comprises a pair of fixed contacts each fixed contact cooperating with the movable contact bridge.
  • the movable contact bridge comprises two support arms, each support arm having a rounded end adapted to move in a cutoff gas evacuation chamber.
  • the figure 1 represents an example of a cutoff electrical apparatus 2 according to an exploded perspective representation, comprising three unipolar cutoff blocks 4.
  • the switching device may comprise one, two, three or four unipolar breaking blocks.
  • Each unipolar break block 4 allows the cutting of a single pole.
  • Each cutoff block is in the form of a flat housing 6, for example made of molded plastic, formed of two large parallel faces 8, spaced apart by a thickness of about 23 millimeters (mm) for a 160 Ampere gauge ( AT).
  • the housing is preferably formed of two mirror symmetrical parts, secured by any suitable means.
  • Each unipolar breaking block 4 is connected to a trip block 10, which comprises magnetothermal or electronic means, at a downstream connection pad 12 (see FIG. figure 2 ) and on the other hand to a current line to be protected at an upstream contact pad 14.
  • the unipolar breaking blocks are assembled via spacers 16, which are for example plastic molded, and comprise a central partition 18 intended to be parallel to the large faces 8 of the unipolar cutoff blocks 4.
  • the clamping of the spacers 16 one on the other is improved by bottom edges 20.
  • the unipolar cutoff blocks are intended to be driven simultaneously and coupled for this purpose by at least one rod 22.
  • One of the unipolar cutoff blocks includes a handle 24, adapted to be housed in the nose 26 of the device, and to control a mechanism 28 for actuating the electrical contacts.
  • the figure 2 illustrates in more detail the contact device or cut-off 30 housed in the housing 6, according to an embodiment in which it is a rotary double-cut mechanism, suitable for applications up to 800 A.
  • the breaking device 30 comprises a movable contact bridge 32 comprising, in the embodiment of the figure 2 , two symmetrical rotating arms 33, 35, and at each end of the support formed by a rotating arm 33, 35, a movable contact surface 34, 36 movable. It comprises a pair of fixed contacts 38, 40, each fixed contact 38, 40 having a fixed contact surface intended to cooperate with a movable contact surface 34, 36 of the movable contact bridge 32.
  • the contact surfaces 34, 36 of the movable contact bridge 32 are respectively arranged on contact pads 60 and 62.
  • the contact pads 60 and 62 are fixed to the ends of each rotation arm 33, 35 of the movable contact bridge 32 by a sintering method.
  • the moving contact surfaces 34, 36 then develop on one of the faces of the contact pads 60, 62.
  • a first fixed contact 38 is intended to be connected to the current line by the upstream connection pad 14.
  • a second fixed contact 40 is intended to be connected to the trigger block 10 via the downstream connection pad 12.
  • the contact surfaces of the fixed contacts 38, 40 are planar in this embodiment.
  • the movable contact bridge 32 is mounted between an open position in which the movable contact surfaces 34, 36 are spaced apart from the fixed contacts 38, 40 and a closed position, which is a passing position for the electric current, represented in FIG. the figure 2 in which the movable contact surfaces 34, 36 are in contact with each of the contact surfaces of the fixed contacts 38, 40.
  • the unipolar breaking block 4 comprises two arc cutting chambers 42 for extinguishing electric arcs.
  • Each arc cutting chamber 42 comprises at at least one stack of at least two deionization fins 44 separated from each other by a cutoff gas exchange space.
  • Each arc cutting chamber 42 comprises at least one outlet connected to at least one exhaust channel 46 of the cutoff gases, intended to evacuate the gases through at least one opening 48.
  • the movable contact bridge 32 is rotatable about an axis of rotation Y.
  • the movable contact bridge 32 is mounted floating in a rotary bar 50 interposed between the two lateral faces 8 of the housing 6, by via connecting elements 52.
  • At least one exhaust channel 46 comprises a rotary valve 54 intended to be rotated by the passage of the cutoff gases.
  • the rotary valve 54 is rotated about an axis substantially perpendicular to the exhaust channel 46.
  • the rotation of a first obstruction position to a second release position is intended to release the actuating mechanism 28 to cause the opening of the movable contact surfaces 34, 36.
  • Each contact pad 60, 62 is preferably silver so as to make electrical contact between a movable contact surface 34, 36 of the movable contact bridge 32 and a contact surface of a fixed contact 38, 40.
  • the contact pad 62 is integrated with the free end of the rotation arm 35 so as to provide continuity between the contact surface 36 of the contact pad 62 and the end rounded 65 of the rotation arm 35.
  • the contact surface 36 of the contact pad 62 is formed according to a particular geometry combining a first portion of spherical shape 66 at the level of the contact zone and a second portion 68 convex, moving outwardly of the contact surface, thus away from the axis of rotation Y of the movable contact bridge 32, to a cylindrical shape.
  • the zone of the movable contact surface 36 which is truly in contact with the contact surface of the fixed contact 40 is defined as "the contact zone Z".
  • the contact surface 36 is surrounded by substantially parallel edges, a first inner edge 67 and a second outer edge 69.
  • the first portion 66 extends over one half of the contact surface 36, between the first inner edge 67 of the support and a central line L parallel to the first edge 67 and passing through the center C of the contact surface 36.
  • the second portion 68 extends over the other half of the contact surface 36, between the central line L and the second outer edge 69.
  • the characteristics of the portions 66 and 68 are determined so that each occupies about 50% of the contact area.
  • the contact surface 36 is made during the welding of the contact pad 62 to the support of the rotation arm 35.
  • the contact surface 36 is made by a combination of sintering and soldering by current flow.
  • the contact zone Z is positioned so that the repeated contacts induce regular wear of the parts 62, 40 and guarantee good mechanical and electrical endurance of the contact.
  • the embodiment of the second portion 68 makes it possible to obtain a substantially perfect continuity between the contact pad 62 and the support of the rotating arm carrying the contact pad, which allows an optimized circulation of an electric arc.
  • the outside of the movable contact bridge 32 is here referred to as the zones outside the ends of the rotation arms 33, 35 opposite to the axis of rotation Y.
  • FIG. 6 to 8 illustrate several steps of opening the movable contact bridge 32 illustrated in FIG. figure 3 .
  • an electric arc 70, 72 is formed between the movable contact pad 60, 62 and the fixed contact 38, 40.
  • each contact surface 34, 36 and in particular of its second convex portion 68 in continuity with a cylindrical shape the electric arc 70, 72 moves towards the outside of the movable contact bridge 32 to level of each arm of rotation ( figure 7 ), until a complete evacuation towards the breaking chambers 42 at the level of the deionization fins 44, by the external edges of the rotation arms 33, 35 ( figure 8 ).
  • the invention has been described above in a particular embodiment, the contact device being implemented in a unipolar breaking block having a particular structure.
  • the invention finds application in any electrical switchgear, when there is a need to maintain good mechanical and electrical contact performance in normal use, while facilitating the elimination of electric arc to a zone external surface of the support of the contact pad.

Landscapes

  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
  • Contacts (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Elektrische Kontaktvorrichtung, welche einen Teil einer Vorrichtung zur elektrischen Unterbrechung bildet, welche dazu geeignet ist, den Durchfluss eines elektrischen Stroms zu erlauben oder zu unterbrechen, aufweisend mindestens einen bewegbaren Träger (32, 33, 35) und ein Kontaktplättchen (60, 62), welches an dem bewegbaren Träger (32, 33, 35) angebracht ist, wobei der bewegbare Träger (32, 33, 35) dazu geeignet ist, sich zu bewegen, um das Kontaktplättchen (60, 62) im Kontakt mit einer ortsfesten Kontaktfläche (38, 40), welche mit einem elektrischen Leiter verbunden ist, anzuordnen, wobei das Kontaktplättchen (60, 62) eine Kontaktfläche (34, 36) aufweist, welche dazu bestimmt ist, mit der ortsfesten Kontaktfläche (38, 40) zusammenzuwirken, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kontaktfläche (34, 36) des Kontaktplättchens (60, 62) einen ersten Abschnitt (55) von einer sphärischen Form, welcher in einer Stellung zum Erlauben eines Durchflusses eines Stroms eine Zone eines effektiven Kontakts (Z) mit der ortsfesten Kontaktfläche (38, 40) aufweist, und, in Fortführung des ersten Abschnitts (66) von einer sphärischen Form, einen zweiten konvexen Abschnitt (68) von einer sich verändernden Form, welche von sphärisch zu zylindrisch geht, aufweist.
  2. Elektrische Kontaktvorrichtung gemäß dem Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der bewegbare Träger (33, 35) ein abgerundetes Ende (65) aufweist und dass der zweite konvexe Abschnitt (68) in Fortführung des abgerundeten Endes (65) ausgebildet ist.
  3. Elektrische Kontaktvorrichtung gemäß irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der erste sphärische Abschnitt (66) sich auf einer Hälfte der Kontaktfläche (34) zwischen einem ersten inneren Rand (67) des bewegbaren Trägers (33, 35) und einer zentralen Linie (L), welche im Wesentlichen parallel zu dem ersten Rand ist, erstreckt und dass sich der zweite Abschnitt (68) auf der anderen Hälfte der Kontaktfläche (34) erstreckt, wobei die Fläche des zweiten Abschnitts (68) zwischen der zentralen Linie (L) und einem zweiten äußeren Rand (69) des bewegbaren Trägers sich von sphärisch zu zylindrisch verändert.
  4. Einpoliger Niederspannungsabschaltblock, aufweisend ein Gehäuse und in dem Gehäuse:
    - eine bewegbare Kontaktbrücke (32), welche mindestens eine Kontaktfläche (34, 36) aufweist,
    - mindestens einen ortsfesten Kontakt, welcher mit der bewegbaren Kontaktbrücke (32) zusammenwirkt und mit einem Leiter zur Zufuhr eines elektrischen Stroms verbunden ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die bewegbare Kontaktbrücke (32) eine elektrische Kontaktvorrichtung gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3 aufweist.
  5. Einpoliger Abschaltblock gemäß dem Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er ein Paar von ortsfesten Kontakten (38, 40) aufweist, wobei jeder ortsfeste Kontakt mit der bewegbaren Kontaktbrücke (32) zusammenwirkt.
  6. Einpoliger Abschaltblock gemäß dem Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die bewegbare Kontaktbrücke (32) aufweist zwei Tragarme (33, 35), wobei jeder Tragarm (33, 35) einen abgerundeten Rand (65) aufweist, welcher dazu geeignet ist, sich in eine Kammer (42) zum Auslass von Löschgas bewegen.
EP15150739.9A 2014-01-13 2015-01-12 Elektrische Kontaktvorrichtung und unipolarer Abschaltblock mit niedriger Spannung, der eine solche elektrische Kontaktvorrichtung umfasst Active EP2894646B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1450225A FR3016472B1 (fr) 2014-01-13 2014-01-13 Dispositif de contact electrique et bloc de coupure unipolaire basse tension integrant un tel dispositif de contact electrique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2894646A1 EP2894646A1 (de) 2015-07-15
EP2894646B1 true EP2894646B1 (de) 2016-07-06

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EP15150739.9A Active EP2894646B1 (de) 2014-01-13 2015-01-12 Elektrische Kontaktvorrichtung und unipolarer Abschaltblock mit niedriger Spannung, der eine solche elektrische Kontaktvorrichtung umfasst

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US9666383B2 (de)
EP (1) EP2894646B1 (de)
CN (1) CN104779082B (de)
ES (1) ES2594131T3 (de)
FR (1) FR3016472B1 (de)
PL (1) PL2894646T3 (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USD866470S1 (en) * 2016-04-22 2019-11-12 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Electrical connector

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2683089B1 (fr) * 1991-10-29 1993-12-31 Merlin Gerin Mecanisme de manóoeuvre pour disjoncteur tetrapolaire.
DE4204641C2 (de) 1992-02-15 1994-09-22 Hella Kg Hueck & Co Kontaktsatz
US5716222A (en) * 1995-11-03 1998-02-10 Advanced Interconnections Corporation Ball grid array including modified hard ball contacts and apparatus for attaching hard ball contacts to a ball grid array
US6232570B1 (en) 1999-09-16 2001-05-15 General Electric Company Arcing contact arrangement
FR2861891B1 (fr) * 2003-10-31 2006-01-27 Valeo Equip Electr Moteur Dispositif de contacts d'un contacteur pour demarreur electrique
CN202042382U (zh) * 2011-05-17 2011-11-16 上海电科电工材料有限公司 用于小型接触器的复合触头
FR2986659B1 (fr) 2012-02-02 2014-02-14 Schneider Electric Ind Sas Bloc de coupure unipolaire et dispositif de coupure comportant un tel bloc
CN102655066A (zh) * 2012-03-31 2012-09-05 温州奥来电器有限公司 高分断储能双轴小型断路器

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Publication number Publication date
FR3016472B1 (fr) 2016-02-05
CN104779082A (zh) 2015-07-15
ES2594131T3 (es) 2016-12-15
US20150200060A1 (en) 2015-07-16
FR3016472A1 (fr) 2015-07-17
EP2894646A1 (de) 2015-07-15
CN104779082B (zh) 2019-02-22
US9666383B2 (en) 2017-05-30
PL2894646T3 (pl) 2016-12-30

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