EP2894646B1 - Electrical contact device and low-voltage unipolar phase unit including such an electrical contact device - Google Patents

Electrical contact device and low-voltage unipolar phase unit including such an electrical contact device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2894646B1
EP2894646B1 EP15150739.9A EP15150739A EP2894646B1 EP 2894646 B1 EP2894646 B1 EP 2894646B1 EP 15150739 A EP15150739 A EP 15150739A EP 2894646 B1 EP2894646 B1 EP 2894646B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
moving
contact surface
bridge
support
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP15150739.9A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2894646A1 (en
Inventor
Philippe Legendre
Jean-Paul Gonnet
Denis Giraud
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schneider Electric Industries SAS
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Schneider Electric Industries SAS
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Publication date
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Publication of EP2894646A1 publication Critical patent/EP2894646A1/en
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/06—Contacts characterised by the shape or structure of the contact-making surface, e.g. grooved
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H01H1/20—Bridging contacts
    • H01H1/2041—Rotating bridge
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/64—Protective enclosures, baffle plates, or screens for contacts
    • H01H1/66—Contacts sealed in an evacuated or gas-filled envelope, e.g. magnetic dry-reed contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/53—Cases; Reservoirs, tanks, piping or valves, for arc-extinguishing fluid; Accessories therefor, e.g. safety arrangements, pressure relief devices
    • H01H33/56—Gas reservoirs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H73/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of a hand reset mechanism
    • H01H73/02—Details
    • H01H73/04—Contacts
    • H01H73/045—Bridging contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/06—Contacts characterised by the shape or structure of the contact-making surface, e.g. grooved
    • H01H1/10—Laminated contacts with divided contact surface
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2205/00—Movable contacts
    • H01H2205/016—Separate bridge contact

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electrical contact device forming part of an electrical interruption device capable of allowing or interrupting the passage of an electric current and a low-voltage unipolar breaking block incorporating such an electrical contact device.
  • the invention finds particular application in multipole low-voltage electrical switchgear devices constituted by assembling unipolar breaking blocks, electrically connected to a trip unit that may comprise magnetothermic or electronic means.
  • This electrical switching device comprises at least one unipolar breaking block, and preferably three unipolar breaking blocks, each unipolar breaking block being connected to a trigger block at a downstream connection pad.
  • Each unipolar cutoff block also includes an upstream connection pad, allowing it to be connected to a power line.
  • Such a unipolar break block comprises a housing comprising a movable contact bridge comprising at each end a contact surface, a pair of fixed contacts, each fixed contact cooperating with the movable contact bridge and being connected to a supply lead of Electric power.
  • the contact surfaces of the movable contact bridge are respectively arranged on contact pads.
  • the contact pads play an important role, because they must make good electrical contact in normal operation at rated current, while being robust to wear.
  • the document DE4204641 discloses a contact pad having a spherical contact surface, so as to control the position of the contact point with an electrical contact, thereby making contact with good mechanical and electrical performance.
  • the document EP 0540 431 A1 discloses an electrical contact device according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention aims to provide an improved contact device in case of arcing, while maintaining very good mechanical and electrical contact performance in normal use.
  • an electrical contact device forming part of an electrical interruption device capable of allowing or interrupting the passage of an electric current, comprising at least one mobile support and one contact pad mounted on the movable support, the movable support being able to evolve to position the contact pad in contact with a fixed contact surface connected to an electrical conductor, the contact pad comprising a contact surface intended to collaborate with said fixed contact area.
  • This electrical contact device is remarkable in that said contact surface of the contact pad comprises a first portion of spherical shape, comprising a zone of effective contact with said fixed contact surface in the current passage authorization position, and , in continuity with the first portion in spherical shape, a second convex portion of variable shape ranging from spherical to cylindrical.
  • the first portion of spherical shape of the contact patch makes it possible to achieve a centering of the effective point of contact, and to guarantee good mechanical and electrical endurance performance.
  • the contact pad comprises, in continuity with the first portion in spherical shape, a second portion of variable area ranging from spherical to cylindrical, which allows a faster circulation of an electric arc formed to the outside of the contact patch.
  • the movable contact bridge of this unipolar break block comprises a contact device as briefly described above.
  • the unipolar breaking block comprises a pair of fixed contacts each fixed contact cooperating with the movable contact bridge.
  • the movable contact bridge comprises two support arms, each support arm having a rounded end adapted to move in a cutoff gas evacuation chamber.
  • the figure 1 represents an example of a cutoff electrical apparatus 2 according to an exploded perspective representation, comprising three unipolar cutoff blocks 4.
  • the switching device may comprise one, two, three or four unipolar breaking blocks.
  • Each unipolar break block 4 allows the cutting of a single pole.
  • Each cutoff block is in the form of a flat housing 6, for example made of molded plastic, formed of two large parallel faces 8, spaced apart by a thickness of about 23 millimeters (mm) for a 160 Ampere gauge ( AT).
  • the housing is preferably formed of two mirror symmetrical parts, secured by any suitable means.
  • Each unipolar breaking block 4 is connected to a trip block 10, which comprises magnetothermal or electronic means, at a downstream connection pad 12 (see FIG. figure 2 ) and on the other hand to a current line to be protected at an upstream contact pad 14.
  • the unipolar breaking blocks are assembled via spacers 16, which are for example plastic molded, and comprise a central partition 18 intended to be parallel to the large faces 8 of the unipolar cutoff blocks 4.
  • the clamping of the spacers 16 one on the other is improved by bottom edges 20.
  • the unipolar cutoff blocks are intended to be driven simultaneously and coupled for this purpose by at least one rod 22.
  • One of the unipolar cutoff blocks includes a handle 24, adapted to be housed in the nose 26 of the device, and to control a mechanism 28 for actuating the electrical contacts.
  • the figure 2 illustrates in more detail the contact device or cut-off 30 housed in the housing 6, according to an embodiment in which it is a rotary double-cut mechanism, suitable for applications up to 800 A.
  • the breaking device 30 comprises a movable contact bridge 32 comprising, in the embodiment of the figure 2 , two symmetrical rotating arms 33, 35, and at each end of the support formed by a rotating arm 33, 35, a movable contact surface 34, 36 movable. It comprises a pair of fixed contacts 38, 40, each fixed contact 38, 40 having a fixed contact surface intended to cooperate with a movable contact surface 34, 36 of the movable contact bridge 32.
  • the contact surfaces 34, 36 of the movable contact bridge 32 are respectively arranged on contact pads 60 and 62.
  • the contact pads 60 and 62 are fixed to the ends of each rotation arm 33, 35 of the movable contact bridge 32 by a sintering method.
  • the moving contact surfaces 34, 36 then develop on one of the faces of the contact pads 60, 62.
  • a first fixed contact 38 is intended to be connected to the current line by the upstream connection pad 14.
  • a second fixed contact 40 is intended to be connected to the trigger block 10 via the downstream connection pad 12.
  • the contact surfaces of the fixed contacts 38, 40 are planar in this embodiment.
  • the movable contact bridge 32 is mounted between an open position in which the movable contact surfaces 34, 36 are spaced apart from the fixed contacts 38, 40 and a closed position, which is a passing position for the electric current, represented in FIG. the figure 2 in which the movable contact surfaces 34, 36 are in contact with each of the contact surfaces of the fixed contacts 38, 40.
  • the unipolar breaking block 4 comprises two arc cutting chambers 42 for extinguishing electric arcs.
  • Each arc cutting chamber 42 comprises at at least one stack of at least two deionization fins 44 separated from each other by a cutoff gas exchange space.
  • Each arc cutting chamber 42 comprises at least one outlet connected to at least one exhaust channel 46 of the cutoff gases, intended to evacuate the gases through at least one opening 48.
  • the movable contact bridge 32 is rotatable about an axis of rotation Y.
  • the movable contact bridge 32 is mounted floating in a rotary bar 50 interposed between the two lateral faces 8 of the housing 6, by via connecting elements 52.
  • At least one exhaust channel 46 comprises a rotary valve 54 intended to be rotated by the passage of the cutoff gases.
  • the rotary valve 54 is rotated about an axis substantially perpendicular to the exhaust channel 46.
  • the rotation of a first obstruction position to a second release position is intended to release the actuating mechanism 28 to cause the opening of the movable contact surfaces 34, 36.
  • Each contact pad 60, 62 is preferably silver so as to make electrical contact between a movable contact surface 34, 36 of the movable contact bridge 32 and a contact surface of a fixed contact 38, 40.
  • the contact pad 62 is integrated with the free end of the rotation arm 35 so as to provide continuity between the contact surface 36 of the contact pad 62 and the end rounded 65 of the rotation arm 35.
  • the contact surface 36 of the contact pad 62 is formed according to a particular geometry combining a first portion of spherical shape 66 at the level of the contact zone and a second portion 68 convex, moving outwardly of the contact surface, thus away from the axis of rotation Y of the movable contact bridge 32, to a cylindrical shape.
  • the zone of the movable contact surface 36 which is truly in contact with the contact surface of the fixed contact 40 is defined as "the contact zone Z".
  • the contact surface 36 is surrounded by substantially parallel edges, a first inner edge 67 and a second outer edge 69.
  • the first portion 66 extends over one half of the contact surface 36, between the first inner edge 67 of the support and a central line L parallel to the first edge 67 and passing through the center C of the contact surface 36.
  • the second portion 68 extends over the other half of the contact surface 36, between the central line L and the second outer edge 69.
  • the characteristics of the portions 66 and 68 are determined so that each occupies about 50% of the contact area.
  • the contact surface 36 is made during the welding of the contact pad 62 to the support of the rotation arm 35.
  • the contact surface 36 is made by a combination of sintering and soldering by current flow.
  • the contact zone Z is positioned so that the repeated contacts induce regular wear of the parts 62, 40 and guarantee good mechanical and electrical endurance of the contact.
  • the embodiment of the second portion 68 makes it possible to obtain a substantially perfect continuity between the contact pad 62 and the support of the rotating arm carrying the contact pad, which allows an optimized circulation of an electric arc.
  • the outside of the movable contact bridge 32 is here referred to as the zones outside the ends of the rotation arms 33, 35 opposite to the axis of rotation Y.
  • FIG. 6 to 8 illustrate several steps of opening the movable contact bridge 32 illustrated in FIG. figure 3 .
  • an electric arc 70, 72 is formed between the movable contact pad 60, 62 and the fixed contact 38, 40.
  • each contact surface 34, 36 and in particular of its second convex portion 68 in continuity with a cylindrical shape the electric arc 70, 72 moves towards the outside of the movable contact bridge 32 to level of each arm of rotation ( figure 7 ), until a complete evacuation towards the breaking chambers 42 at the level of the deionization fins 44, by the external edges of the rotation arms 33, 35 ( figure 8 ).
  • the invention has been described above in a particular embodiment, the contact device being implemented in a unipolar breaking block having a particular structure.
  • the invention finds application in any electrical switchgear, when there is a need to maintain good mechanical and electrical contact performance in normal use, while facilitating the elimination of electric arc to a zone external surface of the support of the contact pad.

Description

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de contact électrique faisant partie d'un dispositif d'interruption électrique apte à autoriser ou à interrompre le passage d'un courant électrique et un bloc de coupure unipolaire basse tension intégrant un tel dispositif de contact électrique.The present invention relates to an electrical contact device forming part of an electrical interruption device capable of allowing or interrupting the passage of an electric current and a low-voltage unipolar breaking block incorporating such an electrical contact device.

Elle se situe dans le domaine des appareils de coupure basse tension, et en particulier dans le domaine de l'amélioration de l'interruption de courant électrique, notamment lors de la survenue d'arcs électriques.It is located in the field of low voltage switchgear, and in particular in the field of improving the interruption of electric current, especially during the occurrence of arcing.

L'invention trouve une application particulière dans des appareils électriques de coupure basse tension multipolaires constitués par assemblage de blocs de coupure unipolaires, raccordés électriquement à un bloc de déclenchement pouvant comporter des moyens magnétothermiques ou électroniques.The invention finds particular application in multipole low-voltage electrical switchgear devices constituted by assembling unipolar breaking blocks, electrically connected to a trip unit that may comprise magnetothermic or electronic means.

Il existe divers modèles de tels appareils électriques de coupure modulaires.There are various models of such modular electrical break devices.

Un tel appareil de coupure électrique est décrit par exemple dans la demande de brevet FR2986659 . Cet appareil électrique de coupure comprend au moins un bloc de coupure unipolaire, et de préférence trois blocs de coupure unipolaires, chaque bloc de coupure unipolaire étant raccordé à un bloc déclencheur au niveau d'une plage de raccordement aval. Chaque bloc unipolaire de coupure comprend également une plage de raccordement amont, permettant de le raccorder à une ligne de courant.Such an electrical switching device is described for example in the patent application FR2986659 . This electrical switching device comprises at least one unipolar breaking block, and preferably three unipolar breaking blocks, each unipolar breaking block being connected to a trigger block at a downstream connection pad. Each unipolar cutoff block also includes an upstream connection pad, allowing it to be connected to a power line.

Un tel bloc de coupure unipolaire comprend un boîtier comprenant un pont de contacts mobiles comportant à chaque extrémité une surface de contact, une paire de contacts fixes, chaque contact fixe coopérant avec le pont de contacts mobile et étant relié à un conducteur d'amenée de courant électrique. Les surfaces de contact du pont de contacts mobiles sont respectivement disposées sur des pastilles de contact.Such a unipolar break block comprises a housing comprising a movable contact bridge comprising at each end a contact surface, a pair of fixed contacts, each fixed contact cooperating with the movable contact bridge and being connected to a supply lead of Electric power. The contact surfaces of the movable contact bridge are respectively arranged on contact pads.

Les pastilles de contact jouent un rôle important, car elles doivent réaliser un bon contact électrique en fonctionnement normal sous courant nominal, tout en étant robustes à l'usure.The contact pads play an important role, because they must make good electrical contact in normal operation at rated current, while being robust to wear.

Le document DE4204641 décrit une pastille de contact ayant une surface de contact de type sphérique, de manière à contrôler la position du point de contact avec un contact électrique, ce qui permet de réaliser un contact avec de bonnes performances mécaniques et électriques.The document DE4204641 discloses a contact pad having a spherical contact surface, so as to control the position of the contact point with an electrical contact, thereby making contact with good mechanical and electrical performance.

Cependant, une telle pastille de contact ne montre pas de performance suffisante en ce qui concerne l'élimination d'arc électrique pouvant se produire lors de l'ouverture du contact.However, such a contact patch does not show sufficient performance with regard to the elimination of electric arc that can occur during the opening of the contact.

Le document EP 0540 431 A1 décrit un dispositif de contact électrique selon le préambulme de la revendication 1.The document EP 0540 431 A1 discloses an electrical contact device according to the preamble of claim 1.

L'invention a pour objectif de proposer un dispositif de contact amélioré en cas de survenue d'arc électrique, tout en maintenant de très bonnes performances mécaniques et électriques de contact en utilisation normale.The invention aims to provide an improved contact device in case of arcing, while maintaining very good mechanical and electrical contact performance in normal use.

A cet effet, l'invention propose selon un premier aspect, un dispositif de contact électrique faisant partie d'un dispositif d'interruption électrique apte à autoriser ou à interrompre le passage d'un courant électrique, comprenant au moins un support mobile et une pastille de contact montée sur le support mobile, le support mobile étant apte à évoluer pour positionner la pastille de contact en contact avec une surface de contact fixe reliée à un conducteur électrique, la pastille de contact comprenant une surface de contact destinée à collaborer avec ladite surface de contact fixe. Ce dispositif de contact électrique est remarquable en ce que ladite surface de contact de la pastille de contact comprend une première portion de forme sphérique, comprenant une zone de contact effectif avec ladite surface de contact fixe en position d'autorisation de passage de courant, et, en continuité de la première portion en forme sphérique, une deuxième portion convexe de forme variable allant de sphérique à cylindrique.For this purpose, the invention proposes according to a first aspect, an electrical contact device forming part of an electrical interruption device capable of allowing or interrupting the passage of an electric current, comprising at least one mobile support and one contact pad mounted on the movable support, the movable support being able to evolve to position the contact pad in contact with a fixed contact surface connected to an electrical conductor, the contact pad comprising a contact surface intended to collaborate with said fixed contact area. This electrical contact device is remarkable in that said contact surface of the contact pad comprises a first portion of spherical shape, comprising a zone of effective contact with said fixed contact surface in the current passage authorization position, and , in continuity with the first portion in spherical shape, a second convex portion of variable shape ranging from spherical to cylindrical.

Avantageusement, la première portion de forme sphérique de la pastille de contact permet de réaliser un centrage du point effectif de contact, et de garantir de bonnes performances d'endurance mécanique et électrique. En outre, la pastille de contact comprend, en continuité de la première portion en forme sphérique, une deuxième portion de surface variable allant de sphérique à cylindrique, ce qui permet une circulation plus rapide d'un arc électrique formé vers l'extérieur de la pastille de contact.Advantageously, the first portion of spherical shape of the contact patch makes it possible to achieve a centering of the effective point of contact, and to guarantee good mechanical and electrical endurance performance. In addition, the contact pad comprises, in continuity with the first portion in spherical shape, a second portion of variable area ranging from spherical to cylindrical, which allows a faster circulation of an electric arc formed to the outside of the contact patch.

La pastille de contact électrique selon l'invention peut également présenter une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques ci-dessous :

  • le support mobile comporte une extrémité arrondie et la deuxième portion convexe est formée en continuité de ladite extrémité arrondie ;
  • la première portion sphérique s'étend sur une moitié de la surface de contact, entre un premier bord intérieur du support mobile et une ligne centrale sensiblement parallèle audit premier bord, et la deuxième portion s'étend sur l'autre moitié de la surface de contact, la surface de ladite deuxième portion étant variable de sphérique à cylindrique entre ladite ligne centrale et un deuxième bord extérieur du support mobile.
The electrical contact pad according to the invention may also have one or more of the following characteristics:
  • the movable support has a rounded end and the second convex portion is formed in continuity with said rounded end;
  • the first spherical portion extends over one half of the contact surface, between a first inner edge of the movable support and a central line substantially parallel to said first edge, and the second portion extends over the other half of the surface of the contact, the surface of said second portion being variable from spherical to cylindrical between said central line and a second outer edge of the movable support.

Selon un deuxième aspect, l'invention concerne un bloc de coupure unipolaire basse tension comprenant un boîtier, et, dans ledit boîtier :

  • un pont de contacts mobile comportant au moins une surface de contact,
  • au moins un contact fixe coopérant avec le pont de contacts mobile et étant relié à un conducteur d'amenée de courant électrique.
According to a second aspect, the invention relates to a low voltage unipolar breaking block comprising a housing, and in said housing:
  • a movable contact bridge having at least one contact surface,
  • at least one fixed contact cooperating with the movable contact bridge and being connected to an electric current supply conductor.

Le que le pont de contacts mobile de ce bloc de coupure unipolaire comprend un dispositif de contact tel que brièvement décrit ci-dessus.The movable contact bridge of this unipolar break block comprises a contact device as briefly described above.

Selon une caractéristique, le bloc de coupure unipolaire comprend une paire de contacts fixes chaque contact fixe coopérant avec le pont de contacts mobile.According to one characteristic, the unipolar breaking block comprises a pair of fixed contacts each fixed contact cooperating with the movable contact bridge.

Selon une caractéristique, le pont de contact mobile comprend deux bras de support, chaque bras de support comportant une extrémité arrondie apte à se déplacer dans une chambre d'évacuation de gaz de coupure.According to one characteristic, the movable contact bridge comprises two support arms, each support arm having a rounded end adapted to move in a cutoff gas evacuation chamber.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront de la description qui en est donnée ci-dessous, à titre indicatif et nullement limitatif, en référence aux figures annexées, parmi lesquelles :

  • la figure 1 représente une vue éclatée en perspective d'un appareil de coupure comportant des blocs de coupure unipolaires et un bloc de déclenchement selon l'invention ;
  • la figure 2 représente une vue en coupe de l'intérieur d'un bloc de coupure unipolaire selon l'invention;
  • les figures 3 et 4 représentent des détails d'un dispositif de contact selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention ;
  • la figure 5 illustre un mode de réalisation de la surface de contact d'une pastille de contact ;
  • les figures 6 à 8 illustrent le fonctionnement d'un bloc de coupure unipolaire selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention.
Other features and advantages of the invention will emerge from the description given below, by way of indication and in no way limiting, with reference to the appended figures, among which:
  • the figure 1 is an exploded perspective view of a switchgear comprising unipolar break blocks and a tripping block according to the invention;
  • the figure 2 is a sectional view of the interior of a unipolar break block according to the invention;
  • the figures 3 and 4 represent details of a contact device according to one embodiment of the invention;
  • the figure 5 illustrates an embodiment of the contact surface of a contact pad;
  • the Figures 6 to 8 illustrate the operation of a unipolar break block according to one embodiment of the invention.

La figure 1 représente un exemple de d'appareil électrique de coupure 2 selon une représentation en perspective éclatée, comprenant trois blocs de coupure unipolaire 4.The figure 1 represents an example of a cutoff electrical apparatus 2 according to an exploded perspective representation, comprising three unipolar cutoff blocks 4.

Selon d'autres modes de réalisation non représentés, l'appareil de coupure peut comporter un, deux, trois ou quatre blocs de coupure unipolaires.According to other embodiments not shown, the switching device may comprise one, two, three or four unipolar breaking blocks.

Chaque bloc de coupure unipolaire 4 permet la coupure d'un seul pôle. Chaque bloc de coupure se présente sous forme d'un boîtier plat 6, par exemple en plastique moulé, formé de deux grandes faces parallèles 8, distantes d'une épaisseur de l'ordre de 23 millimètres (mm) pour un calibre 160 Ampères (A). Le boîtier est de préférence formé de deux parties symétriques en miroir, solidarisées par tout moyen adapté.Each unipolar break block 4 allows the cutting of a single pole. Each cutoff block is in the form of a flat housing 6, for example made of molded plastic, formed of two large parallel faces 8, spaced apart by a thickness of about 23 millimeters (mm) for a 160 Ampere gauge ( AT). The housing is preferably formed of two mirror symmetrical parts, secured by any suitable means.

Chaque bloc de coupure unipolaire 4 est raccordé à un bloc de déclenchement 10, qui comporte des moyens magnétothermiques ou électroniques, au niveau d'une plage de raccordement aval 12 (voir figure 2) et d'autre part à une ligne de courant à protéger au niveau d'une plage de contact amont 14.Each unipolar breaking block 4 is connected to a trip block 10, which comprises magnetothermal or electronic means, at a downstream connection pad 12 (see FIG. figure 2 ) and on the other hand to a current line to be protected at an upstream contact pad 14.

Dans le mode de réalisation illustré à la figure 1, les blocs de coupure unipolaires sont assemblés par l'intermédiaire d'entretoises 16, qui sont par exemple en plastique moulé, et comprennent une cloison centrale 18 destinée à être parallèle aux grandes faces 8 des blocs de coupure unipolaires 4. Le serrage des entretoises 16 l'une sur l'autre est amélioré par des rebords de fond 20.In the embodiment illustrated in figure 1 , the unipolar breaking blocks are assembled via spacers 16, which are for example plastic molded, and comprise a central partition 18 intended to be parallel to the large faces 8 of the unipolar cutoff blocks 4. The clamping of the spacers 16 one on the other is improved by bottom edges 20.

Les blocs unipolaires de coupure sont destinés à être entraînés simultanément et couplés à cette fin par au moins une tige 22.The unipolar cutoff blocks are intended to be driven simultaneously and coupled for this purpose by at least one rod 22.

Un des blocs unipolaires de coupure comporte une manette 24, apte à se loger dans le nez 26 de l'appareil, et à commander un mécanisme 28 d'actionnement des contacts électriques.One of the unipolar cutoff blocks includes a handle 24, adapted to be housed in the nose 26 of the device, and to control a mechanism 28 for actuating the electrical contacts.

La figure 2 illustre plus en détail le dispositif de contact ou de coupure 30 logé dans le boîtier 6, selon un mode de réalisation dans lequel il s'agit d'un mécanisme à double coupure rotative, adapté pour des applications jusqu'à 800 A.The figure 2 illustrates in more detail the contact device or cut-off 30 housed in the housing 6, according to an embodiment in which it is a rotary double-cut mechanism, suitable for applications up to 800 A.

Le dispositif de coupure 30 comprend un pont de contacts mobile 32 comportant, dans le mode de réalisation de la figure 2, deux bras de rotation 33, 35 symétriques, et à chaque extrémité du support formé par un bras de rotation 33, 35, une surface de contact 34, 36 mobile. Il comprend une paire de contacts fixes 38, 40, chaque contact fixe 38, 40 comportant une surface de contact fixe destinée à coopérer avec une surface de contacts 34, 36 mobile du pont de contacts mobile 32.The breaking device 30 comprises a movable contact bridge 32 comprising, in the embodiment of the figure 2 , two symmetrical rotating arms 33, 35, and at each end of the support formed by a rotating arm 33, 35, a movable contact surface 34, 36 movable. It comprises a pair of fixed contacts 38, 40, each fixed contact 38, 40 having a fixed contact surface intended to cooperate with a movable contact surface 34, 36 of the movable contact bridge 32.

Selon le mode de réalisation représenté sur la figure 2, les surfaces de contact 34, 36 du pont de contact mobile 32 sont respectivement disposées sur des pastilles de contact 60 et 62. A titre d'exemple de réalisation, les pastilles de contact 60 et 62 sont fixées aux extrémités de chaque bras de rotation 33, 35 du pont de contact mobile 32 par un procédé de frittage. Les surfaces de contact 34, 36 mobiles se développent alors sur une des faces des pastilles de contact 60, 62.According to the embodiment shown on the figure 2 the contact surfaces 34, 36 of the movable contact bridge 32 are respectively arranged on contact pads 60 and 62. As an example of embodiment, the contact pads 60 and 62 are fixed to the ends of each rotation arm 33, 35 of the movable contact bridge 32 by a sintering method. The moving contact surfaces 34, 36 then develop on one of the faces of the contact pads 60, 62.

Un premier contact fixe 38 est destiné à être raccordé à la ligne de courant par la plage de raccordement amont 14. Un second contact fixe 40 est destiné à être relié au bloc de déclenchement 10 par la plage de raccordement aval 12.A first fixed contact 38 is intended to be connected to the current line by the upstream connection pad 14. A second fixed contact 40 is intended to be connected to the trigger block 10 via the downstream connection pad 12.

Les surfaces de contact des contacts fixes 38, 40 sont planes dans ce mode de réalisation.The contact surfaces of the fixed contacts 38, 40 are planar in this embodiment.

Le pont de contacts mobile 32 est monté entre une position d'ouverture dans laquelle les surfaces de contact 34, 36 mobiles sont écartées des contacts fixes 38, 40 et une position de fermeture, qui est une position passante pour le courant électrique, représentée à la figure 2, dans laquelle les surfaces de contact 34, 36 mobiles sont en contact avec chacune des surfaces de contact des contacts fixes 38, 40.The movable contact bridge 32 is mounted between an open position in which the movable contact surfaces 34, 36 are spaced apart from the fixed contacts 38, 40 and a closed position, which is a passing position for the electric current, represented in FIG. the figure 2 in which the movable contact surfaces 34, 36 are in contact with each of the contact surfaces of the fixed contacts 38, 40.

Le bloc de coupure unipolaire 4 comporte deux chambres de coupure d'arc 42 pour l'extinction des arcs électriques. Chaque chambre de coupure d'arc 42 comprend au moins un empilement d'au moins deux ailettes de désionisation 44 séparées les unes des autres par un espace d'échange de gaz de coupure.The unipolar breaking block 4 comprises two arc cutting chambers 42 for extinguishing electric arcs. Each arc cutting chamber 42 comprises at at least one stack of at least two deionization fins 44 separated from each other by a cutoff gas exchange space.

Chaque chambre de coupure d'arc 42 comporte au moins une sortie reliée à au moins un canal d'échappement 46 des gaz de coupure, destiné à évacuer les gaz par au moins un orifice débouchant 48.Each arc cutting chamber 42 comprises at least one outlet connected to at least one exhaust channel 46 of the cutoff gases, intended to evacuate the gases through at least one opening 48.

Selon un mode de réalisation particulier, le pont de contacts mobile 32 est rotatif autour d'un axe de rotation Y. Le pont de contacts mobile 32 est monté flottant dans un barreau rotatif 50 intercalé entre les deux faces latérales 8 du boîtier 6, par l'intermédiaire d'éléments de liaison 52.According to a particular embodiment, the movable contact bridge 32 is rotatable about an axis of rotation Y. The movable contact bridge 32 is mounted floating in a rotary bar 50 interposed between the two lateral faces 8 of the housing 6, by via connecting elements 52.

Au moins un canal d'échappement 46 comporte un clapet rotatif 54 destiné à être entraîné en rotation par le passage des gaz de coupure. Le clapet rotatif 54 est entraîné en rotation autour d'un axe sensiblement perpendiculaire au canal d'échappement 46. La rotation d'une première position d'obstruction vers une seconde position de déclenchement est destinée à libérer le mécanisme d'actionnement 28 pour provoquer l'ouverture des surfaces de contact 34, 36 mobiles.At least one exhaust channel 46 comprises a rotary valve 54 intended to be rotated by the passage of the cutoff gases. The rotary valve 54 is rotated about an axis substantially perpendicular to the exhaust channel 46. The rotation of a first obstruction position to a second release position is intended to release the actuating mechanism 28 to cause the opening of the movable contact surfaces 34, 36.

Chaque pastille de contact 60, 62 est de préférence en argent de manière à réaliser un contact électrique entre une surface de contact mobile 34, 36 du pont de contact mobile 32 et une surface de contact d'un contact fixe 38, 40.Each contact pad 60, 62 is preferably silver so as to make electrical contact between a movable contact surface 34, 36 of the movable contact bridge 32 and a contact surface of a fixed contact 38, 40.

Il est à noter que dans le mode de réalisation de la figure 2, les bras de rotation 33, 35, les surfaces de contact 34, 36 et les pastilles de contact 60, 62 sont symétriques.It should be noted that in the embodiment of the figure 2 , the rotation arms 33, 35, the contact surfaces 34, 36 and the contact pads 60, 62 are symmetrical.

Seule une pastille de contact 62 sera décrite ci-après en référence aux figures 3 à 5, étant entendu que la pastille de contact 60 présente des caractéristiques analogues.Only a contact pad 62 will be described hereinafter with reference to Figures 3 to 5 , it being understood that the contact pad 60 has similar characteristics.

Selon le mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention, la pastille de contact 62 est intégrée à l'extrémité libre du bras de rotation 35 de manière à réaliser une continuité entre la surface de contact 36 de la pastille de contact 62 et l'extrémité arrondie 65 du bras de rotation 35.According to the preferred embodiment of the invention, the contact pad 62 is integrated with the free end of the rotation arm 35 so as to provide continuity between the contact surface 36 of the contact pad 62 and the end rounded 65 of the rotation arm 35.

Avantageusement, la surface de contact 36 de la pastille de contact 62 selon l'invention est formée selon une géométrie particulière alliant une première portion de forme sphérique 66 au niveau de la zone de contact et une deuxième portion 68 convexe, évoluant vers l'extérieur de la surface de contact, donc en s'éloignant de l'axe de rotation Y du pont de contacts mobile 32, vers une forme cylindrique. On définit par « la zone de contact Z » la zone de la surface de contact mobile 36 qui est véritablement en contact avec la surface de contact du contact fixe 40.Advantageously, the contact surface 36 of the contact pad 62 according to the invention is formed according to a particular geometry combining a first portion of spherical shape 66 at the level of the contact zone and a second portion 68 convex, moving outwardly of the contact surface, thus away from the axis of rotation Y of the movable contact bridge 32, to a cylindrical shape. The zone of the movable contact surface 36 which is truly in contact with the contact surface of the fixed contact 40 is defined as "the contact zone Z".

La surface de contact 36 est entourée de bords sensiblement parallèles, un premier bord intérieur 67 et un deuxième bord extérieur 69.The contact surface 36 is surrounded by substantially parallel edges, a first inner edge 67 and a second outer edge 69.

Dans le mode de réalisation illustré, la première portion 66 s'étend sur une moitié de la surface de contact 36, entre le premier bord intérieur 67 du support et une ligne centrale L parallèle au premier bord 67 et passant par le centre C de la surface de contact 36.In the illustrated embodiment, the first portion 66 extends over one half of the contact surface 36, between the first inner edge 67 of the support and a central line L parallel to the first edge 67 and passing through the center C of the contact surface 36.

La deuxième portion 68 s'étend sur l'autre moitié de la surface de contact 36, entre la ligne centrale L et le deuxième bord extérieur 69.The second portion 68 extends over the other half of the contact surface 36, between the central line L and the second outer edge 69.

Les caractéristiques des portions 66 et 68 sont déterminées de manière à ce que chacune occupe environ 50% de la surface de contact.The characteristics of the portions 66 and 68 are determined so that each occupies about 50% of the contact area.

La surface de contact 36 est réalisée pendant la soudure de la pastille de contact 62 au support du bras de rotation 35.The contact surface 36 is made during the welding of the contact pad 62 to the support of the rotation arm 35.

En variante, la surface de contact 36 est réalisée par une combinaison de frittage et de soudure par passage de courant.In a variant, the contact surface 36 is made by a combination of sintering and soldering by current flow.

Avantageusement, la zone de contact Z est positionnée de manière à ce que les contacts répétés induisent une usure régulière des pièces 62, 40 et garantissent une bonne endurance mécanique et électrique du contact.Advantageously, the contact zone Z is positioned so that the repeated contacts induce regular wear of the parts 62, 40 and guarantee good mechanical and electrical endurance of the contact.

En outre, avantageusement, la réalisation de la deuxième portion 68 permet d'obtenir une continuité sensiblement parfaite entre la pastille de contact 62 et le support du bras de rotation portant la pastille de contact, ce qui permet une circulation optimisée d'un arc électrique vers la chambre d'évacuation 42, et plus généralement vers l'extérieur du pont de contacts mobile 32 lors de l'ouverture des contacts, comme illustré plus en détail aux figures 6 à 8. On appelle ici extérieur du pont de contacts mobile 32 les zones situées à l'extérieur des extrémités des bras de rotation 33, 35 à l'opposé de l'axe de rotation Y.In addition, advantageously, the embodiment of the second portion 68 makes it possible to obtain a substantially perfect continuity between the contact pad 62 and the support of the rotating arm carrying the contact pad, which allows an optimized circulation of an electric arc. towards the evacuation chamber 42, and more generally towards the outside of the movable contact bridge 32 when the contacts are opened, as illustrated in more detail in FIGS. Figures 6 to 8 . The outside of the movable contact bridge 32 is here referred to as the zones outside the ends of the rotation arms 33, 35 opposite to the axis of rotation Y.

Les figures 6 à 8 illustrent plusieurs étapes de l'ouverture du pont de contacts mobile 32 illustré à la figure 3.The Figures 6 to 8 illustrate several steps of opening the movable contact bridge 32 illustrated in FIG. figure 3 .

Comme illustré à la figure 6, lors de l'ouverture des contacts du bloc de coupure unipolaire 4, dans une première phase, un arc électrique 70, 72 se forme entre la pastille de contact mobile 60, 62 et le contact fixe 38, 40.As illustrated in figure 6 when opening the contacts of the unipolar breaking block 4, in a first phase, an electric arc 70, 72 is formed between the movable contact pad 60, 62 and the fixed contact 38, 40.

En particulier, grâce à la forme de chaque surface de contact 34, 36 et notamment de sa deuxième portion convexe 68 en continuité avec une forme cylindrique, l'arc électrique 70, 72 se déplace vers l'extérieur du pont de contacts mobile 32 au niveau de chaque bras de rotation (figure 7), jusqu'à une évacuation complète vers les chambres de coupure 42 au niveau des ailettes de désionisation 44, par les bords externes des bras de rotation 33, 35 (figure 8).In particular, thanks to the shape of each contact surface 34, 36 and in particular of its second convex portion 68 in continuity with a cylindrical shape, the electric arc 70, 72 moves towards the outside of the movable contact bridge 32 to level of each arm of rotation ( figure 7 ), until a complete evacuation towards the breaking chambers 42 at the level of the deionization fins 44, by the external edges of the rotation arms 33, 35 ( figure 8 ).

L'invention a été décrite ci-dessus dans un mode de réalisation particulier, le dispositif de contact étant implémenté dans un bloc de coupure unipolaire ayant une structure particulière.The invention has been described above in a particular embodiment, the contact device being implemented in a unipolar breaking block having a particular structure.

Cependant, l'invention trouve une application dans tout appareil de coupure électrique, dès lors qu'il existe un besoin de maintenir de bonnes performances mécaniques et électriques de contact en utilisation normale, tout en facilitant l'élimination d'arc électrique vers une zone extérieure donnée du support de la pastille de contact.However, the invention finds application in any electrical switchgear, when there is a need to maintain good mechanical and electrical contact performance in normal use, while facilitating the elimination of electric arc to a zone external surface of the support of the contact pad.

Claims (6)

  1. An electric contact device that is part of an electric switching device able to allow or interrupt the passage of the electric current, comprising at least one moving support (32, 33, 35) and a contact pad (60, 62) mounted on the moving support (32, 33, 35), the moving support (32, 33, 35) being able to move to position the contact pad (60, 62) in contact with a fixed contact surface (38, 40) connected to an electrical conductor, the contact pad (60, 62) comprising a contact surface (34, 36) designed to cooperate with said fixed contact surface (38, 40), characterized in that said contact surface (34, 36) of the contact pad (60, 62) comprises a first spherical portion (66), comprising an actual contact zone (Z) with said fixed contact surface (38, 40) in a position allowing the passage of current, and, in the continuation of the first spherical portion (66), a second convex portion (68) with a variable shape going from spherical to cylindrical.
  2. The electric contact device according to claim 1, characterized in that the moving support (33, 35) comprises a rounded end (65) and in that the second convex portion (68) is formed in the continuation of said rounded end (65).
  3. The electric contact device according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the first spherical portion (66) extends over half of the contact surface (34), between a first inner edge (67) of the moving support (33, 35) and a central line (L) substantially parallel to said first edge, and in that the second portion (68) extends over the other half of the contact surface (34), the surface of said second portion (68) being variable from spherical to cylindrical between said central line (L) and a second outer edge (69) of the moving support.
  4. A low-voltage single-pole phase unit comprising a housing, and, in said housing:
    - a moving contact bridge (32) comprising at least one contact surface (34, 36),
    - at least one fixed contact cooperating with the moving contact bridge (32) and connected to an electric current intake conductor, characterized in that the moving contact bridge (32) comprises a contact device according to one of claims 1 to 3.
  5. The single-pole phase unit according to claim 4, characterized in that it comprises a pair of fixed contacts (38, 40), each fixed contact cooperating with the moving contact bridge (32).
  6. The single-pole phase unit according to claim 5, characterized in that the moving contact bridge (32) comprises two support arms (33, 35), each support arm (33, 35) comprising a rounded edge (65) able to move in a switching gas discharge chamber (42).
EP15150739.9A 2014-01-13 2015-01-12 Electrical contact device and low-voltage unipolar phase unit including such an electrical contact device Active EP2894646B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1450225A FR3016472B1 (en) 2014-01-13 2014-01-13 ELECTRIC CONTACT DEVICE AND LOW VOLTAGE UNIPOLAR CUT-OFF BLOCK INCORPORATING AN ELECTRICAL CONTACT DEVICE

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2894646A1 EP2894646A1 (en) 2015-07-15
EP2894646B1 true EP2894646B1 (en) 2016-07-06

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EP15150739.9A Active EP2894646B1 (en) 2014-01-13 2015-01-12 Electrical contact device and low-voltage unipolar phase unit including such an electrical contact device

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US (1) US9666383B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2894646B1 (en)
CN (1) CN104779082B (en)
ES (1) ES2594131T3 (en)
FR (1) FR3016472B1 (en)
PL (1) PL2894646T3 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USD866470S1 (en) * 2016-04-22 2019-11-12 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Electrical connector

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2683089B1 (en) * 1991-10-29 1993-12-31 Merlin Gerin OPERATING MECHANISM FOR TETRAPOLAR CIRCUIT BREAKER.
DE4204641C2 (en) 1992-02-15 1994-09-22 Hella Kg Hueck & Co Contact set
US5716222A (en) * 1995-11-03 1998-02-10 Advanced Interconnections Corporation Ball grid array including modified hard ball contacts and apparatus for attaching hard ball contacts to a ball grid array
US6232570B1 (en) 1999-09-16 2001-05-15 General Electric Company Arcing contact arrangement
FR2861891B1 (en) * 2003-10-31 2006-01-27 Valeo Equip Electr Moteur CONTACTING DEVICE OF A CONTACTOR FOR AN ELECTRIC STARTER
CN202042382U (en) * 2011-05-17 2011-11-16 上海电科电工材料有限公司 Composite contact for small-size contactor
FR2986659B1 (en) 2012-02-02 2014-02-14 Schneider Electric Ind Sas UNIPOLAR CUT-OFF BLOCK AND CUTTING DEVICE COMPRISING SUCH A BLOCK
CN102655066A (en) * 2012-03-31 2012-09-05 温州奥来电器有限公司 High-breaking-capacity energy-storage-type biaxial miniature circuit breaker

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US9666383B2 (en) 2017-05-30
PL2894646T3 (en) 2016-12-30
FR3016472B1 (en) 2016-02-05
CN104779082A (en) 2015-07-15
CN104779082B (en) 2019-02-22
FR3016472A1 (en) 2015-07-17
ES2594131T3 (en) 2016-12-15
EP2894646A1 (en) 2015-07-15
US20150200060A1 (en) 2015-07-16

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