EP2061051B1 - Lichtbogenkammer und Schutzschalter, der mit einer solchen Lichtbogenkammer ausgestattet ist - Google Patents

Lichtbogenkammer und Schutzschalter, der mit einer solchen Lichtbogenkammer ausgestattet ist Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2061051B1
EP2061051B1 EP08354067A EP08354067A EP2061051B1 EP 2061051 B1 EP2061051 B1 EP 2061051B1 EP 08354067 A EP08354067 A EP 08354067A EP 08354067 A EP08354067 A EP 08354067A EP 2061051 B1 EP2061051 B1 EP 2061051B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
arc
cheek
chamber
permanent magnets
arc chute
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP08354067A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2061051A1 (de
Inventor
Eric Domejean
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schneider Electric Industries SAS
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Schneider Electric Industries SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schneider Electric Industries SAS filed Critical Schneider Electric Industries SAS
Publication of EP2061051A1 publication Critical patent/EP2061051A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2061051B1 publication Critical patent/EP2061051B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/34—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H01H9/346—Details concerning the arc formation chamber
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/44—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet
    • H01H9/443—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet using permanent magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/34—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H01H2009/348—Provisions for recirculation of arcing gasses to improve the arc extinguishing, e.g. move the arc quicker into the arcing chamber

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of cut-off devices in particular for cutting DC currents.
  • the invention also relates to a circuit breaker having separable contacts and an interrupting chamber for extinguishing an electric arc formed during the opening of said contacts.
  • the opening of the contacts generally generates an electric arc that must be dissipated in an interrupting chamber.
  • the electric arc must generally be cooled as quickly as possible while remaining away from the electrical contacts. This cooling is commonly done by placing the arc inside an arc extinguishing chamber formed by a stack of fins or deionization plates, separated from each other by a exchange space, and allowing to establish a better heat exchange.
  • the electric arc moves into an arc-forming chamber bounded by sidewalls or cheeks, before entering the arc-extinguishing chamber, generally passing through the exchange spaces between the deionization plates.
  • the electric arc can be pushed into the arc extinction chamber by electrodynamic forces induced by a magnetic field due to the current flowing in the conductors.
  • the exchange spaces between the deionization plates favor the migration of the arc towards the bottom of the chamber.
  • the stack of deionization plates allows a cutting of the arc and facilitates its insertion into the arc extinction chamber.
  • the arc extinguishing chamber and the deionization plates can contain the electric arc that tends to expand to invade all available space.
  • the birth of the electric arc is accompanied by a release of a large amount of metal vapors, which may, if they are not discharged, be responsible in particular for a connecting arc between the phases of the electrical device cutoff and create an explosion.
  • Many solutions provide the use of evacuation means to evacuate the gases generated during the arc formation. These solutions may allow evacuation outside the area close to the contacts, or even outside the switchgear, or a recycling inside the cutoff device to meet such for example. environmental constraints.
  • This type of solution may have certain disadvantages, such as increasing the volume of the electrical apparatus around the interrupting chamber. Indeed, the gases are conducted in evacuation means which encumber the breaking chamber and / or surrounding spaces.
  • European demand EP 1 693 869 A2 discloses a breaking chamber according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the breaking chamber according to the invention comprises permanent magnets, at least a portion of said magnets being disposed behind the first cheek, and the gas evacuation means comprise an opening formed partly in the second cheek and opening out of the breaking room.
  • the first part of the permanent magnets comprises two magnetized fractions arranged behind each of the cheeks.
  • the two magnetized fractions of the first portion of the permanent magnets are arranged symmetrically with respect to a longitudinal axis of the arc-forming chamber.
  • the opening is formed in part in a wall of the housing.
  • the evacuation duct extends between at least one exchange space and the opening, and has a substantially constant or decreasing cross section.
  • the deionization plates comprise a leading edge equipped with a central recess.
  • the first cheek is made of ceramic material.
  • the second cheek is a gaseous organic material.
  • the invention also relates to a circuit breaker having separable contacts and a breaking chamber for extinguishing an electric arc formed during the opening of said contacts, wherein the breaking chamber is as described above.
  • the circuit breaker pole comprises a movable contact 1 and a fixed contact 2, each of these contacts being connected via a conductor to a connection terminal of the circuit breaker.
  • the opening of the movable contact can be controlled by a control mechanism using a handle or by unrepresented triggering means.
  • These tripping means may comprise an electromagnetic release and a thermal release, both of which may cause, in the event of an overload and / or a short-circuit, an automatic opening of the moving contact 1.
  • the elements of the circuit breaker such as the separable contacts, the control mechanism and the triggering means, are generally housed in a housing 3 molded in an insulating material. As shown in figure 1 , the housing 3 also encloses a breaking chamber 4 for extinguishing the electric arc 5 formed between the separable contacts when they open.
  • the breaking chamber 4 comprises an arc forming chamber 11 delimited by a first cheek 12 and a second cheek 13.
  • One of the terminals of the circuit breaker pole is electrically connected to the fixed contact 2 and extends to form an electrode or arc horn 14 which extends in the upper part of the arc-forming chamber.
  • Another terminal of the circuit breaker pole electrically connected to the movable contact 1 is connected to another electrode or horn 15 which extends into the lower part of the arc-forming chamber.
  • the electrodes or horns 14 and 15 are arranged to capture an arc drawn between the contacts 1 and 2 during their separation. The electric arc formed between the two contacts is thus captured by the electrodes to be transported and discharged to an arc extinguishing chamber 21 of the interrupting chamber.
  • the arc extinguishing chamber 21 is formed by a stack of deionization plates 22 which are generally metal plates.
  • the deionization plates have a leading edge through which the electric arc enters the extinguishing chamber.
  • the leading edge of the deionization plates generally comprises a central recess 23.
  • the deionization plates 22 are separated from each other by exchange spaces 24.
  • the faces of the cheeks 12 and 13 on the side of the arc forming chamber are slightly curved to better guide the electric arc to the central recess 23 of the deionization plates.
  • the faces of the cheeks 12 and 13 on the side of the arc forming chamber comprise an edge 25 marking a change of inclination of said faces in the vicinity of the arc extinguishing chamber 21.
  • the interrupting chamber comprises permanent magnets 32, 33, shown hatched on the figure 1 at least one portion 32 is disposed behind the first cheek 12.
  • the permanent magnets are disposed behind the first cheek 12. This provides an asymmetrical arrangement with respect to the axis longitudinal AA 'having on one side at least a portion, or even the majority or all, permanent magnets, and on the other side the evacuation means. With such an arrangement the electric arc is attracted by the permanent magnet 32.
  • the interrupting chamber comprises gas evacuation means for evacuating the gases generated during the formation of an electric arc.
  • these evacuation means comprise an evacuation duct 31 disposed behind a portion of the second cheek 13 and connected to at least one exchange space 24. Thanks to the asymmetrical arrangement in which only a part, or even none, of the magnets permanent are arranged behind the second cheek 13, a space is available behind the second cheek to accommodate evacuation means, such as the exhaust duct 31.
  • evacuation means such as the exhaust duct 31.
  • the exhaust duct is disposed behind the second cheek without increasing the volume of the device around the interrupting chamber and without changing the shape of the case. In this way, the exhaust duct 31 does not clog the interrupting chamber and / or the surrounding spaces.
  • an edge 39 at the upper end of the cheek 13 does not cooperate, after assembly, with the housing.
  • the edge 39 of the cheek 13 forms, with a portion of the extension 38 of the wall formed in the housing, an opening 40 for evacuation of the exhaust gas outside the breaking chamber.
  • the gases thus recovered in the exhaust duct 31 are thus discharged outside the breaking chamber via the opening 40 formed partly in the second cheek and partly by the extension 38 of the wall. disposed on the inner face of the housing.
  • the arc forming chamber has a reinforced induction section 41 in which the electric arc is propelled towards the chamber arc extinction 21 by the magnetic field generated by a first portion of the permanent magnets.
  • the magnetic field generated by the first part of the permanent magnets in the reinforced induction section is larger than that generated by the other part of the permanent magnets in the remainder of the arc-forming chamber. This makes it easier to propel the electric arc and make it leave separable contacts.
  • the switching of the foot of the electric arc between the movable contact 1 and the electrode 15 is mainly obtained by means of the first part of the permanent magnets in the reinforced induction section of the arc forming chamber. .
  • the first part of the permanent magnets comprises two magnetized fractions disposed behind each of the cheeks. These two magnetized fractions consist essentially of the magnet 33 and a portion 43 of the magnet 32 housed in the reinforced induction section 41. These two magnetized fractions 33 and 43 of the first part of the permanent magnets are arranged symmetrically relative to each other. to a longitudinal axis AA '10 of the arc formation chamber. This makes it possible to further improve the properties described above, ie to propel the electric arc more efficiently towards the extinguishing chamber.
  • the arc forming chamber further comprises a deflection section 51 in which the electric arc is deflected with respect to the longitudinal axis 10 of the arc formation chamber towards the first cheek 12.
  • This arc is deflected by the magnetic field generated by a second part of the permanent magnets, in this case a magnetized fraction 52 of the permanent magnet 32.
  • the different positions of this electric arc are represented on the figure 1 by the points 26.
  • the magnetic field generated by the second part of the permanent magnets on the longitudinal axis AA ' is smaller than that generated by the first part of the permanent magnets.
  • the magnetic field generated by the second part of the permanent magnets is not symmetrical with respect to said longitudinal axis. This helps to deflect the electric arc with respect to its trajectory.
  • the deflection component of the arc Electrical is mainly obtained using the second part of the permanent magnets in the deflection section 51.
  • the whole of the second part of the permanent magnets ie the magnetized fraction 52, is disposed behind the first cheek 12.
  • this arrangement makes it possible to have behind the second cheek 13, in the deflection section 51, an available space in which the exhaust duct 31 can be accommodated.
  • the asymmetrical disposition of the permanent magnets with respect to the axis AA 'combined with the housing of the evacuation means behind one of the cheeks makes it possible to obtain an optimized cleavage chamber with a better dissipation of the electric arc. terms of heat transfer and material.
  • the exhaust duct 31 1 extends between at least one exchange space 24 and the opening 40, and has a cross section which is substantially decreasing in the direction of circulation of the gas. This makes it possible to accelerate the gas output and to amplify the cooling effect of the gases in an area close to the contacts. In this way, the time between the moment at which the arc leaves the contacts and that at which it reaches the leading edge of the deionization plates is decreased.
  • the leading edge of the deionization plates is equipped with a central recess 23 and two lateral parts 71 and 72 oriented towards the deflection section 51 of the arc-forming chamber 11.
  • the electric arc is directed into the section of deflection towards the lateral part 71.
  • it is generally sought to bring the arc into the extinction chamber by the central recess. This allows the electric arc to be de-ionized in the middle of the quench chamber to dissipate as much energy as possible.
  • the cheeks 12 and 13 delimiting the arc-forming chamber are generally formed of an electrically insulating material.
  • the cheeks may be formed of an electrically insulating material that does not erode easily, such as ceramic, for example alumina or cordierite.
  • the cheeks may be formed of an electrically insulating gas-forming material, for example gas-forming nylon.
  • the first cheek 12 is made of ceramic material
  • the second cheek 13 is a gaseous organic material. The gas play makes it possible to increase the pressure in the area of the contacts and thus promotes the departure of the electric arc from the contact zone to the extinguishing chamber.
  • the invention also extends to a breaking chamber comprising three permanent magnets, a first and a second magnet being disposed behind the first cheek respectively in the reinforced induction section and in the deflection section, and a third magnet being disposed behind the second cheek in the reinforced induction section.
  • An advantage of the breaking chamber according to the invention is to allow a better circulation of the gases generated during the formation of the arc. Indeed, because of the asymmetrical arrangement of the permanent magnets with respect to the axis A-A ', the electric arc is deflected to the first cheek 12 behind which are disposed the greater part of the permanent magnets. At the same time, the gases generated during the arc formation will be transported in the same direction, that is to say towards the first cheek 12, before entering the extinction chamber 21 on the same side as the first plays. The gas will then relax in the remaining space of the extinguishing chamber, i.e. substantially towards the opposite side of the extinguishing chamber, i.e. on the same side as the second plays 13 behind which is arranged the exhaust duct.

Landscapes

  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)
  • Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)
  • Scissors And Nippers (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Schaltkammer (4) für einen Leistungsschalter mit
    - einer Lichtbogenlöschkammer (21), gebildet aus einem Stapel von Entionisierungsblechen (22), die jeweils durch eine Wärmeaustauschzone (24) voneinander getrennt sind,
    - einer Lichtbogenbildungskammer (11), die durch eine erste Wange (12) und durch eine zweite Wange (13) begrenzt wird, sowie
    - mit Gasableitmitteln zur Ableitung der beim Abbrennen eines Lichtbogens entstehenden Gase, welche Mittel einen Ableitkanal (31) umfassen, der hinter der zweiten Wange angeordnet und mit mindestens einer Wärmeaustauschzone (24) verbunden ist,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schaltkammer Dauermagnete enthält, wobei mindestens ein Teil der genannten Magnete hinter der ersten Wange (12) angeordnet ist, und dadurch dass die Gasableitmittel eine Öffnung (40) umfassen, die teilweise in der zweiten Wange (13) ausgebildet ist und außerhalb der Schaltkammer mündet.
  2. Schaltkammer nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Lichtbogenbildungskammer
    - einen verstärkten Induktionsbereich (41) umfasst, in dem der Lichtbogen durch das von einem ersten Teil (43, 33) der Dauermagnete erzeugte Magnetfeld in Richtung der Lichtbogenlöschkammer gedrückt wird, und
    - einen Ablenkbereich (51) umfasst, in dem der Lichtbogen in Bezug zu einer Längsachse (10) der Lichtbogenbildungskammer durch das von einem zweiten Teil (52) der Dauermagnete erzeugte Magnetfeld in Richtung der ersten Wange (12) abgelenkt wird, wobei der gesamte zweite Teil der Dauermagnete hinter der ersten Wange (12) angeordnet ist.
  3. Schaltkammer nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der erste Teil der Dauermagnete zwei magnetisierte Abschnitte (43, 33) umfasst, die jeweils hinter der zugeordneten Wange (12, 13) angeordnet sind.
  4. Schaltkammer nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die beiden magnetisierten Abschnitte (43, 33) des ersten Teils der Dauermagnete in Bezug auf eine Längsachse (10) der Lichtbogenbildungskammer symmetrisch angeordnet sind.
  5. Schaltkammer nach irgendeinem der Abschnitte 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Öffnung (40) teilweise in einer Wand des Gehäuses ausgebildet ist.
  6. Schaltkammer nach irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Ableitkanal (31) zwischen mindestens einer Wärmeaustauschzone (24) und der Öffnung (40) verläuft sowie einen annähernd konstanten oder abnehmenden Querschnitt aufweist.
  7. Schaltkammer nach irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Entionisierungsbleche (22) eine Angriffskante mit einer Mittenverstärkung (23) aufweisen.
  8. Schaltkammer nach irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste Wange (12) aus einem keramischen Werkstoff besteht.
  9. Schaltkammer nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zweite Wange (13) aus einem gasenden organischen Werkstoff besteht.
  10. Leistungsschalter mit zwei trennbaren Kontakten (1, 2) und einer Schaltkammer (4) zum Löschen eines beim Öffnen der genannten Kontakte gezogenen Lichtbogens, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schaltkammer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9 ausgeführt ist.
EP08354067A 2007-11-13 2008-10-03 Lichtbogenkammer und Schutzschalter, der mit einer solchen Lichtbogenkammer ausgestattet ist Active EP2061051B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0707970A FR2923649B1 (fr) 2007-11-13 2007-11-13 Chambre de coupure et disjoncteur equipe d'une telle chambre de coupure.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2061051A1 EP2061051A1 (de) 2009-05-20
EP2061051B1 true EP2061051B1 (de) 2010-01-20

Family

ID=39494936

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08354067A Active EP2061051B1 (de) 2007-11-13 2008-10-03 Lichtbogenkammer und Schutzschalter, der mit einer solchen Lichtbogenkammer ausgestattet ist

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US8519292B2 (de)
EP (1) EP2061051B1 (de)
CN (1) CN101436495B (de)
AT (1) ATE456145T1 (de)
BR (1) BRPI0804899B1 (de)
DE (1) DE602008000584D1 (de)
ES (1) ES2336161T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2923649B1 (de)
RU (1) RU2479060C2 (de)

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DE102017212033A1 (de) 2017-07-13 2019-01-17 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Gleichstrom-Lichtbogenlöschvorrichtung und elektromechanisches Gleichstrom-Schaltgerät

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EP2650894B1 (de) 2012-04-12 2018-06-06 ABB Oy Elektrische Stromschaltungsvorrichtung
JP6066598B2 (ja) * 2012-07-04 2017-01-25 富士通コンポーネント株式会社 電磁継電器
DE102012223168A1 (de) * 2012-08-29 2014-03-06 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Elektromechanisches Schaltgerät
CN103021706B (zh) * 2012-12-28 2015-06-17 常熟开关制造有限公司(原常熟开关厂） 具有电弧隔离套的电开关装置
US9064659B2 (en) * 2013-03-12 2015-06-23 Sensata Technologies Massachusetts, Inc. Circuit interruption device with constrictive arc extinguishing feature
FR3007889B1 (fr) * 2013-06-26 2016-09-23 Schneider Electric Ind Sas Chambre de coupure pour un appareil de protection electrique et appareil de protection electrique comportant une telle chambre.
DE102014004455B4 (de) * 2014-03-27 2021-10-07 Schaltbau Gmbh Elektrische Schaltvorrichtung mit verbesserter Lichtbogenlöscheinrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung derartiger Schaltvorrichtung
CN104064418A (zh) * 2014-04-25 2014-09-24 博耳(宜兴)电力成套有限公司 一种用于小型断路器的循环气流灭弧装置
FR3030867B1 (fr) * 2014-12-19 2017-11-24 Schneider Electric Ind Sas Chambre de coupure d'arc pour un disjoncteur electrique, et disjoncteur comportant une telle chambre.
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US9552951B2 (en) 2015-03-06 2017-01-24 Cooper Technologies Company High voltage compact fusible disconnect switch device with magnetic arc deflection assembly
US9601297B2 (en) 2015-03-23 2017-03-21 Cooper Technologies Company High voltage compact fuse assembly with magnetic arc deflection
US9406465B1 (en) * 2015-07-30 2016-08-02 Carling Technologies, Inc. Polarity insensitive arc quench
CN106783417B (zh) 2015-11-23 2020-08-11 森萨塔科技公司 断路器
US9653237B1 (en) * 2015-12-03 2017-05-16 Eaton Corporation Electrical switching apparatus and slot motor therefor
US9679720B1 (en) * 2016-05-06 2017-06-13 Carling Technologies, Inc. Arc motivation device
US10854414B2 (en) 2016-05-11 2020-12-01 Eaton Intelligent Power Limited High voltage electrical disconnect device with magnetic arc deflection assembly
US9966209B1 (en) 2017-02-23 2018-05-08 Carling Technologies, Inc. Circuit breaker with arc shield
EP3389070A1 (de) * 2017-04-13 2018-10-17 ABB Schweiz AG Lichtbogenkammer für einen gleichstromschutzschalter
US10636607B2 (en) 2017-12-27 2020-04-28 Eaton Intelligent Power Limited High voltage compact fused disconnect switch device with bi-directional magnetic arc deflection assembly
DE102018219224A1 (de) * 2018-11-12 2020-05-14 Eaton Intelligent Power Limited Schalter

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20090120908A1 (en) 2009-05-14
CN101436495A (zh) 2009-05-20
RU2479060C2 (ru) 2013-04-10
FR2923649B1 (fr) 2009-12-11
EP2061051A1 (de) 2009-05-20
CN101436495B (zh) 2013-08-28
ES2336161T3 (es) 2010-04-08
BRPI0804899B1 (pt) 2019-01-22
ATE456145T1 (de) 2010-02-15
RU2008144742A (ru) 2010-05-20
DE602008000584D1 (de) 2010-03-11
BRPI0804899A2 (pt) 2010-07-27
FR2923649A1 (fr) 2009-05-15
US8519292B2 (en) 2013-08-27

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