EP0090438B1 - Procédé pour la réduction directe de minerais de fer - Google Patents

Procédé pour la réduction directe de minerais de fer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0090438B1
EP0090438B1 EP83200255A EP83200255A EP0090438B1 EP 0090438 B1 EP0090438 B1 EP 0090438B1 EP 83200255 A EP83200255 A EP 83200255A EP 83200255 A EP83200255 A EP 83200255A EP 0090438 B1 EP0090438 B1 EP 0090438B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rotary kiln
fine
fluidized bed
process according
reduction
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83200255A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0090438A1 (fr
Inventor
Kurt Prof. Dr. Meyer
Lothar Dr. Reh
Martin Hirsch
Wolfram Dr. Schnabel
Harry Dr. Serbent
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GEA Group AG
Original Assignee
Metallgesellschaft AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Metallgesellschaft AG filed Critical Metallgesellschaft AG
Publication of EP0090438A1 publication Critical patent/EP0090438A1/fr
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/08—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in rotary furnaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/14—Multi-stage processes processes carried out in different vessels or furnaces
    • C21B13/146—Multi-step reduction without melting

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for the direct reduction of materials containing iron oxide to sponge iron with pre-reduction in a fluidized bed and final reduction below the melting temperature in a rotary kiln.
  • fine-grained concentrates with a considerable proportion below 0.25 mm grain size are increasingly being obtained.
  • These and fine-grained ores are cheaper than z.
  • the use of such fine-grained, iron oxide-containing materials for direct reduction in a rotary kiln causes difficulties, since fine-grained materials - and in particular their high proportion of fine grains - lead to the formation of agglomerates and batches in the rotary kiln during the reduction.
  • the invention has for its object to produce a largely metallized sponge iron made of fine-grained materials in the rotary kiln without build-ups or agglomerations disturb the operation of the rotary kiln.
  • This object is achieved according to the invention in that fine-grained iron oxide-containing materials in the fluidized bed are reduced to 50 to 80% metallization of the iron content and the pre-reduced fine-grained material is reduced in the rotary kiln.
  • the ratio of metallic iron to the total iron content in percent is referred to as metallization
  • both low-expanded fluidized beds with a defined bed surface can be used as well as more expanded fluidized beds which are operated above the floating speed of the individual particles.
  • the pre-reduced material is preferably charged hot into the rotary kiln. On the one hand, this saves heating energy and relieves the rotary kiln - which is a poor heat exchanger - of the heating work. In principle, the pre-reduced material can also be charged cold into the rotary kiln. Coals, gas, oil or combinations of these reducing agents can be used as reducing agents in the rotary kiln.
  • the rotary kiln can be operated in countercurrent or cocurrent and can be equipped with jacket pipes, jacket burners and / or nozzle stones. If necessary, desulfurizing agents are added. Any excess solid carbon in the discharge can be separated off and returned to the rotary kiln. Surprisingly, it has been found that the material pre-reduced according to the invention can be finished-reduced without problems in the rotary kiln, although its particle size in the fluidized bed has not been significantly increased.
  • a preferred embodiment is that the pre-reduction takes place in the fluidized bed to 60 to 70% metallization. This metallization leads to particularly favorable conditions both in the fluidized bed and in the rotary kiln.
  • a preferred embodiment is that the final reduction in the rotary kiln is carried out using solid carbon-containing reducing agents.
  • the use of solid reducing agents loosens the feed in the rotary kiln. On the one hand, this further reduces the risk of agglomeration and formation of deposits and, on the other hand, the reduction is favorably influenced.
  • a preferred embodiment is in that at least the major part of the solid carbon-containing reducing agent for the final reduction is already charged into the fluidized bed and is hot-charged with the pre-reduced material in the rotary kiln.
  • the coal is also preheated and charged into the rotary kiln and, on the other hand, difficult, baking coals can also be used, the direct use of which in the rotary kiln would lead to malfunctions.
  • a preferred embodiment is that the upper grain size of the fine-grained iron oxide-containing material is about 2 mm. This achieves advantageous operating conditions for the fluidized bed.
  • a preferred embodiment is that a solid, fine-grain desulfurizing agent is added to the rotary kiln.
  • the grain size of the desulfurization agent is less than 3 mm.
  • Common desulfurization agents such as. B. limestone or dolomite is used. This enables a low sulfur content to be achieved in the sponge iron.
  • a preferred embodiment consists in that the material to be discharged from the rotary kiln is separated into sponge iron, excess fuel and desulfurizing agent after cooling.
  • the desulfurizing agent containing the sulfur can be removed from the processes in a simple manner and the excess carbon can also be separated off in the process.
  • a hematitic iron ore with 67% Fe was used.
  • the grain size distribution was:
  • the iron ore was used together with a lignite coal in an amount corresponding to 0.5 kg e fix lkg Fe in an electrically heated rotary kiln.
  • the oven was heated to 980 ° C over four hours and held at that temperature.
  • Material samples were taken from the furnace at intervals of one hour with an N 2 -flushed sample spoon and it was found that, starting with a degree of reduction (calculated as 0 2 -degradation) of approximately 50%, corresponding to a degree of metallization of approximately 25%, the material sintered together. A further reduction was therefore not possible.
  • Example 1 The ore / coal mixture used in Example 1 was also reduced in a fluidized bed at 980 ° C. to a degree of reduction of 50 % , corresponding to a degree of metallization of 25%.
  • the pre-reduced material was then placed in an electrically heated rotary kiln. At a temperature of 980 ° C, the contents of the furnace were sintered after a short time with only a slight increase in metallization.
  • Example 1 The ore / coal mixture used in Example 1 was treated as described in Example 2, but now reduced to a degree of reduction of 75%, corresponding to a degree of metallization of 63%, and, as described in Example 2, in the rotary kiln used.
  • the metallization could be increased to 92% without the contents of the furnace sintering.
  • the advantages of the invention are that fine-grained materials can be reduced to sponge iron easily and economically, only cheap primary energy being required in both stages, and in particular in the final reduction stage.
  • the rotary kiln is relieved of heating work.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
  • Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)

Claims (7)

1. Procédé de réduction directe de matériau contenant de l'oxyde de fer en éponge de fer, avec préréduction en lit fluidisé et réduction finale en dessous du point de fusion dans un four tubulaire rotatif, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à préréduire du matériau à grains fins contenant de l'oxyde de fer dans le lit fluidisé, jusqu'à une métallisation de 50 à 80 % de la teneur en fer, et à achever la réduction au four tubulaire rotatif, du matériau à grains fins préréduit.
2. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il consite à effectuer la préréduction dans le lit fluidisé jusqu'à une métallisation de 60 à 70%.
3. Procédé suivant la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à effectuer la réduction finale, au four tubulaire rotatif, au moyen d'agent réducteur solide, contenant du carbone.
4. Procédé suivant la revendication 3. caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à charger, déjà dans le lit fluidisé, la partie prépondérante de l'agent réducteur solide, contenant du carbone pour la réduction finale, et à charger le four tubulaire rotatif de matériau préréduit à l'état chaud.
5. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la granulométrie supérieure du matériau à grains fins, contenant de l'oxyde de fer, est de 2 mm environ.
6. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à ajouter, dans le four tubulaire rotatif, un agent.
7. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à séparer le produit défourné du four tubulaire rotatif, après refroidissement, en éponge de fer, en excès de combustible, et en agent de désulfuration.
EP83200255A 1982-03-20 1983-02-19 Procédé pour la réduction directe de minerais de fer Expired EP0090438B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19823210232 DE3210232A1 (de) 1982-03-20 1982-03-20 Verfahren zur direktreduktion von eisenoxidhaltigen materialien zu schwammeisen
DE3210232 1982-03-20

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0090438A1 EP0090438A1 (fr) 1983-10-05
EP0090438B1 true EP0090438B1 (fr) 1985-08-28

Family

ID=6158802

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83200255A Expired EP0090438B1 (fr) 1982-03-20 1983-02-19 Procédé pour la réduction directe de minerais de fer

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US4443250A (fr)
EP (1) EP0090438B1 (fr)
AU (1) AU556203B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA1204943A (fr)
DE (2) DE3210232A1 (fr)
IN (1) IN158419B (fr)
NO (1) NO159864C (fr)
NZ (1) NZ203437A (fr)
PH (1) PH20105A (fr)
ZA (1) ZA831901B (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2465336C2 (ru) * 2006-08-01 2012-10-27 Айрон Минерал Бенефикейшн Сервисез (Проприетари) Лимитед Способ промышленного производства железа

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5123571B2 (ja) * 2007-06-04 2013-01-23 住友重機械工業株式会社 還元処理装置及び還元処理方法
US8333821B2 (en) * 2010-02-05 2012-12-18 Innova Powders, Inc. Environmentally friendly system and method for manufacturing iron powder
CN105723002B (zh) * 2014-03-11 2018-03-27 新日铁住金株式会社 还原铁的制造方法以及制造设备

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2663632A (en) * 1951-03-06 1953-12-22 Nat Lead Co Reduction of iron ores
FR1128520A (fr) * 1954-04-09 1957-01-07 Perfectionnement aux procédés de réduction de l'oxyde de fer
DE1270581B (de) * 1957-08-12 1968-06-20 Hydrocarbon Research Inc Verfahren zur Reduktion von Eisenoxyd
US3135598A (en) * 1960-04-27 1964-06-02 Yawata Iron & Steel Co Rapid direct reduction method of iron oxide
FR1365441A (fr) * 1963-05-21 1964-07-03 Siderurgie Fse Inst Rech Procédé et dispositif de réduction des fines de minerai de fer au four tournant
BR7002197D0 (pt) * 1970-04-25 1973-04-12 Metallgesellschaft Ag Processo para a reducao direta de materiais de fina granulacao contendo ferro oxidico num forno rotativo
DE2428715C3 (de) * 1974-06-14 1982-09-02 Krupp Polysius Ag, 4720 Beckum Verfahren und Anlage zur Reduktion und Agglomeration von feinkörnigem Erz

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2465336C2 (ru) * 2006-08-01 2012-10-27 Айрон Минерал Бенефикейшн Сервисез (Проприетари) Лимитед Способ промышленного производства железа

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ZA831901B (en) 1984-10-31
PH20105A (en) 1986-09-29
US4443250A (en) 1984-04-17
NZ203437A (en) 1985-01-31
DE3210232A1 (de) 1983-09-22
NO159864B (no) 1988-11-07
NO159864C (no) 1989-02-15
CA1204943A (fr) 1986-05-27
AU1266483A (en) 1983-09-22
EP0090438A1 (fr) 1983-10-05
IN158419B (fr) 1986-11-15
NO830733L (no) 1983-09-21
DE3360636D1 (en) 1985-10-03
AU556203B2 (en) 1986-10-23

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