EP0082801B1 - Tube interrupteur à vide avec un anneau pour créer un champ magnétique axial - Google Patents

Tube interrupteur à vide avec un anneau pour créer un champ magnétique axial Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0082801B1
EP0082801B1 EP82730139A EP82730139A EP0082801B1 EP 0082801 B1 EP0082801 B1 EP 0082801B1 EP 82730139 A EP82730139 A EP 82730139A EP 82730139 A EP82730139 A EP 82730139A EP 0082801 B1 EP0082801 B1 EP 0082801B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ring
conducting
vacuum switch
contact
contact body
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP82730139A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0082801A1 (fr
Inventor
Karl Dr. rer. nat. Zückler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0082801A1 publication Critical patent/EP0082801A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0082801B1 publication Critical patent/EP0082801B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/664—Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings
    • H01H33/6644—Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings having coil-like electrical connections between contact rod and the proper contact
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/664—Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings
    • H01H33/6642—Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings having cup-shaped contacts, the cylindrical wall of which being provided with inclined slits to form a coil

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a vacuum interrupter with two relatively movable, arranged on carrier pins switching element arrangements of cylindrical disk-shaped form, each having a closed contact surface for the arc and a contact body arranged on the back of this contact body, on its circumference galvanically interrupted only once to produce a have axially directed magnetic field, the connection of each ring with the associated carrier bolt and the associated contact body taking place directly starting from the point of galvanic interruption of the ring.
  • a vacuum interrupter of this type is known from US-A-3 818 164.
  • the ring is arranged between two disc-shaped bodies, one of which is fastened to the carrier bolt and the other of which carries a contact body.
  • the ring has an extension immediately adjacent to the location of the galvanic interruption, with which it is conductively connected to the one disk-shaped body fastened to the carrier bolt.
  • the ring is conductively connected to the further disk-shaped body, which carries the contact body, through an extension of this disk-shaped body, and likewise directly adjacent to the separation point of the ring.
  • the annular sector-shaped regions remaining between the ring and the disk-shaped bodies are filled with poorly conductive or insulating ring pieces.
  • the actual contact body has a small diameter compared to the diameter of the contact piece arrangement, as a result of which the current carrying capacity of the contact piece arrangement is limited.
  • Another known contact arrangement also has two disk-shaped bodies, between which there is a field-generating conductor. This has the shape of a ring with diametrically opposite galvanic separation points and a central web connecting the two half rings, which is connected centrally to a carrier bolt. For the current transfer to the actual disk-shaped contact body, the ends of the two half rings are bent out of the ring plane.
  • the most recently described, as well as the previously described contact piece arrangement, has the property that the current transfer to the contact body takes place at its edge.
  • contact bodies which are already available and are provided for central fastening to carrier bolts cannot be used.
  • the invention has for its object to design a contact piece arrangement so that a field-generating ring can be used in connection with such a contact body provided for central attachment and power supply and this is exposed to an axially directed magnetic field as effectively as possible.
  • this object is achieved in a vacuum interrupter of the type mentioned in that the contact body is designed as a pot contact piece with oblique slots, the outer diameter of the pot contact piece corresponding approximately to the inner diameter of the ring and that for connecting each ring with the associated carrier bolt and associated pot contact piece a radially extending conductor piece is provided.
  • Obliquely slotted pot contact pieces as z. B. are described in DE-A-26 38 700, are well-developed and tested components of vacuum interrupters with regard to their properties and their manufacturability. It is therefore a significant relief for the development of a high-performance switching arrangement if one of the components can be taken over practically unchanged. In this way, switching piece arrangements with a high specific switching capacity are obtained, since the oblique slots located within the race of the pot contact pieces cause the arc to circulate on the ring surface. Since the axial magnetic field is already available at the outer edge of the contact body and penetrates the entire annular running surface, the arc does not contract at high currents, so that burn-off and metal vapor formation remain low.
  • the conductor pieces triangular in cross section, such that together fill a rectangle with conductor pieces. If the spreading current forces occurring between the conductor pieces form a problem, the conductor pieces can also be arranged such that there is a distance in the circumferential direction between the junction points in the ring. It is also recommended to fill the parting line of the ring at least locally with non-conductive or poorly conductive support bodies in order to increase the mechanical stability.
  • this fastening element can be made from a non-conductive or poorly conductive material.
  • Figure 1 shows a vacuum interrupter schematically in a longitudinal section.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 show an axial section, specifically in FIG. 2 transversely to the radial conductor pieces of the ring and in FIG. 3 in the longitudinal direction of these guide pieces.
  • Figure 4 is a plan view of a ring as a single part.
  • FIG. 5 shows a switching piece arrangement with an associated ring pulled apart in a perspective view.
  • the ring which differs from FIGS. 2, 3 and 4, is shown separately in the top view in FIG. 6.
  • FIG. 7 shows an axial sectional view, corresponding approximately to FIG. 3, of a switching element arrangement which additionally has a support ring.
  • the vacuum interrupter 1 has a vacuum-tight housing 2 which comprises two end-side, essentially hollow cylindrical insulating bodies 3 and 4 made of a ceramic material and a central hollow metal cylinder 5.
  • a movable carrier pin 6 protrudes upward from the housing 2 and is sealed off from the housing 2 by a bellows 7.
  • the carrier bolts 6 and 10 serve as carriers of a movable contact piece arrangement 11 and a fixed contact piece arrangement 12, the corresponding structure of which is described in more detail below.
  • the contact body 14 is a so-called pot contact with a closed running surface, as described for example in DE-A-26 38 700.
  • Essential components of the contact body 14 are a pot-shaped body 15 made of copper, which is provided with oblique slots 16 on its edge.
  • the annular edge of the body 15 is covered with an unslit ring 17, which consists of a chrome-copper composite.
  • a field winding is assigned to the contact carrier 14 and has the shape of a ring 20, the inside diameter of which corresponds approximately to the outside diameter of the contact body 14.
  • This ring is provided with a parting line 21 running obliquely to the ring plane, on the two sides of which two radial conductor pieces in the form of spokes 22 and 23 open into the ring.
  • the spokes 22 and 23 are electrically insulated from one another (FIG. 3). Arrows indicate that the current flowing through the carrier bolt 10 first enters the ring 20 through the spoke 22, flows through the ring and is then conducted back through the spoke 23 to the center of the ring. At this point there is an electrical connection to the bottom 24 of the contact body 14, through which the current reaches the actual ring-shaped contact area.
  • the current flowing through the galvanically open ring 20 generates an axially directed magnetic field which, due to the coordination of the diameters of the contact body 14 and the ring 20, is already effective on the outer edge of the race 17.
  • This magnetic field has the effect of counteracting the contraction of a diffuse arc discharge into a concentrated arc channel.
  • the switching capacity of a vacuum interrupter can be increased considerably as a result of the fact that the race 14 is heated less locally and less metal vapor is released.
  • the arrangement of the oblique slots 16 also contributes to this, which, in conjunction with corresponding opposite slots of the associated further switching element arrangement 11, not shown in FIG. 2, causes the arc to move rapidly over the contact surface of the race 17.
  • a particularly favorable interaction between the slotted contact body 14 and the ring 20 occurs when the slits 16 are designed such that they extend as far as possible into the pot bottom 24 into the center. Then eddy currents, which cause a phase-shifted and thus disturbing magnetic field in the zero crossing of the current, are largely suppressed.
  • the arrangement of the slots can be seen in particular in FIG. 5, where they are designated by 42.
  • the contact body 14 and the ring 20 are arranged axially immediately adjacent.
  • support bodies 25 are arranged, which are made of a poorly conductive or non-conductive material, for. B. ceramic, can be used to support the two parts against each other. and electrically isolate.
  • Similar support bodies 26 are located in the parting line 21 between the spokes 22 and 23, which start from the parting line 21 of the ring 20. An areal In contrast, there is contact between the spoke 23 and the bottom 24 of the contact body 14 because the current is transferred to the contact body here.
  • the assembly is held together by a screw 27 which extends through the bottom 24 of the contact body 14 and the central part of the spokes 22 and 23, and 'in a threaded blind hole 30 of the support bolt 10 is screwed.
  • the corresponding lower end 31 of the screw 27 is designed to be thickened such that there is no contact on the remaining length between the screw 27 and the spokes and the blind hole of the support bolt 10. Thus, only a small part of the current can flow directly from the carrier bolt 10 to the contact body 14, which is lost for the generation of the desired axial magnetic field. If the screw 27 is made of a material with poor electrical conductivity, the loss mentioned can be reduced further.
  • the spokes 22 and 23 are traversed by the current in the opposite direction. This leads to repulsive forces that can be absorbed in a suitable manner. For example, this can be done by arranging one or more screws or similar fasteners 32, which is shown in FIG.
  • the current forces acting on spokes 22 and 23 can be made even more manageable if, instead of the triangular cross-sectional shapes according to FIG. 3, which together form a rectangle, at least part of the radial length of the spokes is designed with a rectangular shape according to FIG. 5 , with the joint between them lying parallel to the contact level.
  • the repulsive forces then only act in the axial direction, while in the shape of the spokes shown in FIG. 3 they also have a tangential component, which act in the sense of an expansion of the ring. In both cases, however, the spokes are superimposed on one another in accordance with FIG. 4.
  • the spokes in a contact piece arrangement 33 according to FIGS. 5 and 6 in such a way that they open into the ring at a distance in the circumferential direction, the repulsive forces are compensated for in the correct design and a ring arrangement largely free of current forces is created.
  • the ring serving as a field winding is designated by 35, the upper spoke to be connected to the bottom of the contact body by 36 and the lower spoke by 37.
  • the operation of this arrangement consists in the fact that on a part of the circumference, namely over the length of the separating joint 40, the same direction of the current exists on both sides thereof, and attractive forces thereby arise.
  • the repulsive forces between the oppositely flowing spokes 36 and 37 are relatively low due to their increased distance.
  • This distribution of the current i entering through the carrier bolt 34 is indicated by arrows both in FIG. 5 and in FIG. 6.
  • the contact body 41 and the ring 35 are shown pulled apart.
  • This contact body corresponds essentially to the already explained contact body 14 according to FIG. 2.
  • the obliquely arranged slots 42 which serve to drive the switching arcs in the circumferential direction by forming a current loop, are extended into the bottom 43 and are extended extend to close to the center.
  • the switching element arrangements of vacuum interrupters are exposed to considerable mechanical stress during operation. If there should therefore be a reason to make the contact piece arrangements described so far mechanically particularly robust, this can be done by a support ring as shown in FIG.
  • the contact piece arrangement as such corresponds to Figures 2 and 3.
  • the support pin 45 is provided with a shoulder 46 on which a z. B. from a ceramic material support ring 47 rests.
  • the support ring 47 is provided with a recess 50 on which the ring 20 serving as a field winding rests.

Landscapes

  • High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)

Claims (9)

1. Tube interrupteur à vide (1) comportant. deux ensembles (11, 12 ; 33) d'organes de commutation, déplaçables l'un par rapport à l'autre, montés sur des boulons de support (6,. 10 ; 34) et possédant une configuration de base en forme de disque cylindrique et qui possèdent chacun un organe de contact (14 ; 41) à surface de circulation fermée pour l'arc électrique, et un anneau (20 ; 35) disposé sur la face postérieure de cet organe de contact, présentant une interruption galvanique en un seul emplacement sur son pourtour et servant à produire un champ magnétique dirigé axialement, la liaison de chaque anneau avec le boulon de support (6, 10 ; 34) - associé et avec l'organe de contact (14 ; '41) associé s'effectuant directement à partir de l'emplacement de l'interruption galvanique de l'anneau, caractérisé par le fait que l'organe de contact est réalisé sous la forme d'un organe de contact en forme de pot (14 ; 41) possédant des fentes obliques, le diamètre extérieur de l'organe de contact en forme de pot (14 ; 41) correspondant approximativement au diamètre intérieur de l'anneau {20 ; 37), et que pour la liaison de chaque anneau (20 ; 35) au boulon de support associé (6, 10 ; 34) et à l'organe de contact en forme de pot associé (14 ; 41), il est prévu respectivement un élément conducteur s'étendant radialement (22, 23 ; 36, 37).
2. Tube-interrupteur à vide suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que la fente de séparation (21, 40) est disposé obliquement par rapport au plan de l'anneau (20, 35) (Figures 2, 5).
3. Tube-interrupteur à vide suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que chaque élément conducteur (22, 23) possède une section transversale de forme triangulaire et que les deux éléments conducteurs délimitent ensemble un rectangle (Figure 2).
4. Tube-interrupteur à vide suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait qu'il existe dans le sens périphérique, un intervalle entre les points de pénétration des éléments conducteurs (36, 37) (Figure 5).
5. Tube-interrupteur à vide suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que la fente de séparation (21, 40) de l'anneau (20 ; 35) est remplie au moins localement par des organes de support (25) non conducteurs ou mauvais conducteurs.
6. Tube-interrupteur à vide suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que des organes de support (24) au moins localement non conducteurs ou mauvais conducteurs sont associés entre l'anneau (20) et l'organe de contact (14) (Figure 3).
7. Tube-interrupteur à vide suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé par un anneau de support (47) constitué en un matériau non conducteur ou mauvais conducteur et disposé entre le boulon de support (45) et l'anneau (20), sur la face tournée à l'opposé de l'organe de contact (14).
8. Tube-interrupteur à vide suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que l'organe de contact (14) et l'anneau (20) sont tous deux réunis à des boulons de support (10) par un organe central de fixation (27) qui traverse les éléments conducteurs (22, 23) et est constitué en un matériau non conducteur ou mauvais conducteur (Figure 3).
9. Tube-interrupteur à vide, suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que les fentes (16 ; 42) s'étendent dans le fond (24) des organes de contact en forme de pot (14 ; 41) jusqu'à proximité du centre.
EP82730139A 1981-12-23 1982-11-23 Tube interrupteur à vide avec un anneau pour créer un champ magnétique axial Expired EP0082801B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3151907 1981-12-23
DE19813151907 DE3151907A1 (de) 1981-12-23 1981-12-23 Vakuumschaltroehre mit einem ring zur erzeugung eines axialen magnetfeldes

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0082801A1 EP0082801A1 (fr) 1983-06-29
EP0082801B1 true EP0082801B1 (fr) 1986-07-30

Family

ID=6150008

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82730139A Expired EP0082801B1 (fr) 1981-12-23 1982-11-23 Tube interrupteur à vide avec un anneau pour créer un champ magnétique axial

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4445015A (fr)
EP (1) EP0082801B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS58111231A (fr)
DE (2) DE3151907A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4112113A1 (de) * 1991-04-10 1991-11-07 Slamecka Ernst Kontaktanordnung fuer vakuumschalter
CN103828010A (zh) * 2011-07-23 2014-05-28 Abb技术股份公司 用于真空断路器的触点组件

Families Citing this family (28)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3231593A1 (de) * 1982-08-25 1984-03-01 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Kontaktanordnung fuer vakuumschalter
DE3235298A1 (de) * 1982-09-21 1984-03-22 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Vakuumschaltroehre mit ringteil und diametralem steg der schaltstuecke
DE3323627A1 (de) * 1983-06-30 1985-01-03 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Topffoermiges schaltkontaktstueck fuer einen elektrischen vakuumschalter
GB8321368D0 (en) * 1983-08-09 1983-09-07 Vacuum Interrupters Ltd High current switch contacts
DE3332092A1 (de) * 1983-09-02 1985-03-21 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Kontaktanordnung fuer eine vakuumschaltroehre
DE3334493A1 (de) * 1983-09-23 1985-04-04 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Kontaktanordnung fuer vakuumschalter
DE3415743A1 (de) * 1984-04-26 1985-10-31 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Kontaktanordnung fuer einen vakuumschalter
JPS60246521A (ja) * 1984-05-22 1985-12-06 三菱電機株式会社 開閉器
US4717797A (en) * 1984-12-18 1988-01-05 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Contact arrangement for a vacuum switching tube
DE3510981A1 (de) * 1985-03-22 1985-10-31 Ernst Prof. Dr.techn.habil. 1000 Berlin Slamecka Vakuumschalter - erregerkontaktanordnung
GB8510441D0 (en) * 1985-04-24 1985-05-30 Vacuum Interrupters Ltd High current switch contacts
DE3724425A1 (de) * 1987-07-23 1989-02-02 Sachsenwerk Ag Kontaktanordnung fuer einen vakuum-leistungsschalter
DE3728400C1 (de) * 1987-08-26 1989-03-09 Sachsenwerk Ag Kontaktanordnung fuer Vakuumschalter
US4847456A (en) * 1987-09-23 1989-07-11 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Vacuum circuit interrupter with axial magnetic arc transfer mechanism
DE4033811A1 (de) * 1990-10-24 1992-04-30 Sachsenwerk Ag Vakuumschalter
JP2643036B2 (ja) * 1991-06-17 1997-08-20 三菱電機株式会社 真空スイッチ管
DE4341714A1 (de) * 1993-12-05 1994-04-28 Slamecka Ernst Vakuumschalter-Kontaktanordnung
JPH10505939A (ja) * 1994-09-22 1998-06-09 シュラメッカ エルンスト 真空サーキットブレーカ・コンタクト装置
DE19534398A1 (de) * 1995-09-16 1997-03-20 Abb Patent Gmbh Kontaktanordnung für eine Vakuumschaltkammer
US8653396B2 (en) 2011-09-28 2014-02-18 Eaton Corporation Vacuum switch and hybrid switch assembly therefor
US20140048514A1 (en) * 2012-08-20 2014-02-20 Ganesh K. Balasubramanian Contact assembly and vacuum switch including the same
GB2508913A (en) * 2012-12-14 2014-06-18 Leslie Thomas Falkingham Vacuum switch contact assembly
DE102015202867A1 (de) * 2015-02-18 2016-08-18 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Kontaktvorrichtung für einen Vakuum-Leistungsschalter
US9552941B1 (en) 2015-08-24 2017-01-24 Eaton Corporation Vacuum switching apparatus and electrical contact therefor
US9922777B1 (en) 2016-11-21 2018-03-20 Eaton Corporation Vacuum switching apparatus and electrical contact therefor
CN108320997B (zh) * 2018-03-23 2019-01-08 西安交通大学 多极式横向永磁体结构直流开断真空灭弧室及应用
US10410813B1 (en) 2018-04-03 2019-09-10 Eaton Intelligent Power Limited Vacuum switching apparatus and electrical contact therefor
DE102021210859A1 (de) 2021-09-28 2023-03-30 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Gehäuse für eine Vakuumschaltröhre

Family Cites Families (12)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3225167A (en) * 1964-03-16 1965-12-21 Gen Electric Vacuum circuit breaker with arc rotation contact means
US3591743A (en) * 1968-11-13 1971-07-06 Mc Graw Edison Co Vacuum-type circuit interrupter with flexible, weld-breaking contact structure
JPS5139355B2 (fr) * 1971-09-16 1976-10-27
JPS547945B2 (fr) * 1973-06-30 1979-04-11
SE392781B (sv) * 1973-09-10 1977-04-18 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co Vakuumbrytare
GB1528777A (en) * 1975-01-10 1978-10-18 Westinghouse Electric Corp Cup-shaped contacts for vacuum interrupters having a continuous annular contact surface
JPS5239177A (en) * 1975-09-25 1977-03-26 Hitachi Ltd Vacuum breaker electrode
DE2638700C3 (de) * 1976-08-27 1983-11-10 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Elektrischer Vakuumschalter
JPS58810B2 (ja) * 1976-12-06 1983-01-08 株式会社日立製作所 真空しや断器
GB2002177B (en) * 1977-07-27 1982-01-20 Vacuum Interrupters Ltd Vacuum interrupters
US4260864A (en) * 1978-11-30 1981-04-07 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Vacuum-type circuit interrupter with an improved contact with axial magnetic field coil
DE2911706A1 (de) * 1979-03-24 1980-10-02 Sachsenwerk Licht & Kraft Ag Vakuumschalter

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4112113A1 (de) * 1991-04-10 1991-11-07 Slamecka Ernst Kontaktanordnung fuer vakuumschalter
CN103828010A (zh) * 2011-07-23 2014-05-28 Abb技术股份公司 用于真空断路器的触点组件

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3272374D1 (en) 1986-09-04
US4445015A (en) 1984-04-24
EP0082801A1 (fr) 1983-06-29
DE3151907A1 (de) 1983-06-30
JPS58111231A (ja) 1983-07-02

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