EP0077508B1 - Method and device for packaging goods stacked on a pallet - Google Patents

Method and device for packaging goods stacked on a pallet Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0077508B1
EP0077508B1 EP82109357A EP82109357A EP0077508B1 EP 0077508 B1 EP0077508 B1 EP 0077508B1 EP 82109357 A EP82109357 A EP 82109357A EP 82109357 A EP82109357 A EP 82109357A EP 0077508 B1 EP0077508 B1 EP 0077508B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pallet
conveyor
hood
goods
stack
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP82109357A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0077508A1 (en
Inventor
Rainer Wilhelm Hannen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MSK Verpackungs Systeme GmbH
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MSK Verpackungs Systeme GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=27189625&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0077508(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Priority claimed from DE19813141100 external-priority patent/DE3141100A1/en
Priority claimed from DE19823200832 external-priority patent/DE3200832A1/en
Priority claimed from DE19823204171 external-priority patent/DE3204171A1/en
Application filed by MSK Verpackungs Systeme GmbH filed Critical MSK Verpackungs Systeme GmbH
Priority to AT82109357T priority Critical patent/ATE12474T1/en
Publication of EP0077508A1 publication Critical patent/EP0077508A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0077508B1 publication Critical patent/EP0077508B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B53/00—Shrinking wrappers, containers, or container covers during or after packaging
    • B65B53/02—Shrinking wrappers, containers, or container covers during or after packaging by heat

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for packaging palletized stacks of goods, in which a shrink hood is pulled over the stack of goods and the pallet, which is applied and shrunk to the stack of goods and the pallet, the pallet being lifted and the pallet shrinking hood in the raised state Good stacks and their free edges are placed under the pallet and the shrink hood is shrunk.
  • Palletized stacks of goods are covered with a shrink hood which, after shrinking, holds the stack together and on the pallet.
  • the shrink hood should not only encompass the stack, but also the edges of the pallet and at least partially lie against the underside of the pallet, so that the so-called undershrinkage occurs when shrinking. Covering and shrinking can be largely automated.
  • the palletized stacks of goods are placed on a conveyor, e.g. B. a roller conveyor, moved to the area of a hood pulling station, provided there with a shrink hood and then transported by the conveyor to the area of a shrinking station, where the shrink hoods are shrunk.
  • a shrinking station usually has a hot gas mast which can be guided around the palletized stack of goods, hot gas being blown out of the hot gas mast against the surfaces of the shrink hood.
  • shrinking furnaces are known for shrinking shrink hoods, but they are less suitable for largely automated operation. Since a shrinking oven, in which a stack of pallets is located, is not accessible or is difficult to access, the shrink hood is sucked against the stack of goods and also against the pallet during shrinking. However, this creates wrinkles in the hood material because it can no longer absorb any tension when heated. As a result, the hood material is weakened and the external impression of the stacked palletized goods provided with a shrunk hood is impaired. In a known method of the type described above (US-A-3807126), a shrinking furnace is also used.
  • the shrinking furnace In the area of the shrinking furnace there is a lifting platform below the conveyor, the footprint of which is smaller than the footprint of the pallet. With this lift the pallet and stack of goods are lifted so that the free edges of the shrink hood hang below the pallet.
  • a blower arranged above the stack of goods in the shrinking furnace conveys hot air from top to bottom through the shrinking furnace. The hot air is drawn under the bottom of the pallet and removed there. Because the hot air initially impacts the areas of the shrink hood lying against the stack of goods, it cannot be ruled out that during shrinking the free edges of the shrink hood hanging over the pallet will be pulled back from the underside of the pallet, so that no further shrinkage occurs.
  • the object of the invention is to ensure that with largely automated hood covering and shrinking, a sufficiently large under-shrinkage is reliably produced.
  • This object is achieved in that the pallet is lifted when the shrink hood is pulled over, and is set down after the free edges have been turned over, and that the folded edges of the shrink hood are held in place during the shrinking process.
  • the success of this method is essentially that the shrink hood is clamped and held at its free edges between the underside of the pallet and the storage surface, so that it can no longer carry out free movements during the subsequent shrinking. At the same time, it is ensured that the desired shrinkage is created because a substantial part of the free edges of the shrink hood is already under the edges of the pallet.
  • the shrink hood should be placed on the stack of goods by suction of air and placed under the edges of the pallet.
  • the air is expediently extracted from the underside of the pallet. This procedure enables largely automatic operation without manual intervention because the flow forces of the air are sufficient to place the shrink film in the manner described.
  • a device for carrying out the method has a conveyor for the palletized stacks of goods, a hood pulling station and a shrinking station which are arranged in the region of the conveyor, the conveyor having an air-permeable conveyor track and a lifting platform being arranged below the conveyor and a suction fan being provided.
  • the device is characterized in that the suction fan is arranged below the hood pulling station and in the area of the hood pulling station inside and / or outside Tools for turning over the projecting edges of the shrink hood under the pallet are arranged below the pallet transport path.
  • the lifting platform and suction blower can be automatically controlled in accordance with the intermittent feed of the conveyor, so that they only come into action when there is a palletized stack of goods in the area of the hood pulling station.
  • the tools are arranged in the area of the hood pulling station inside or outside the pallet transport path so that the free edges of the shrink hood protruding over the underside of the pallet of the shrink hood pulled over the stack of goods are reliably turned over.
  • the conveyor can be a multi-track chain conveyor.
  • Such a chain conveyor can also be used to transport pallets of different sizes and in the area of this chain conveyor a lifting platform can be installed with which the pallets of different sizes can be lifted.
  • Lifting platforms for this purpose can be designed differently.
  • the lifting platform is a scissor-type lifting platform, the supporting arms of which pass through the tracks of the conveyor. Then the suction fan can be placed between the arms of the scissor lift.
  • Additional holding devices for pressing the shrink hood onto the free sides of the stack of goods can be arranged in the region of the shrinking station, which counteract loosening of the shrink hood and lifting of the shrink hood.
  • the tools which according to the preferred embodiment of the invention are designed as arms, which can be pivoted about vertical axes and which extend horizontally below the underside of the pallet, act in combination with the flow forces generated by the suction fan in such a way that those free edges of the shrink hood, which are relatively far away from the suction fan can be reliably handled under the bottom of the pallet.
  • Flow forces are also present in the area of a narrow side of a pallet, which try to turn the protruding edges of the shrink hood towards the center of the pallet. As a result, these edges are already pre-oriented.
  • the tools or arms are swung under the side of the pallet, the overhanging edges hit completely under the underside of the pallet.
  • the arms are driven and they should have a common drive at least on each side of the conveyor.
  • the drive can be a lifting cylinder, the piston rod of which actuates a lever gear connected to the arms.
  • the lever mechanism in turn engages the vertical pivot axes of the arms and pivots them from their rest position into the operating position or vice versa.
  • Two arms are expediently arranged on each side of the hood pulling station. It has been found that the most favorable effects are achieved when the arms are each about 1/4 and 3/4 of the pallet dimension in the conveying direction and at a distance of about 1/4 of this dimension from the associated narrow side of the Pallet are arranged.
  • the corner regions of the protruding edges of the shrink hood are thus also detected, in particular when the pivoting direction of the arms is directed essentially towards the center of the surface of the pallet when the edges of the shrink hood are turned over.
  • the arms should pivot so that the front arm in the transport direction of the stack of goods points forward in the rest position and is then pivoted towards the pallet, while the rear arm in the transport direction of the stack of goods points backwards in the rest position and also in the direction of the Pallet is pivoted.
  • the palletized stack of goods can be lowered back onto the conveyor and transported to a shrinking station.
  • the folded edges of the shrink hood are clamped between the stack of goods and the conveyor and thus fixed for transport to the shrinking station and for the subsequent shrinking process in such a way that they can no longer pull up even under the influence of the shrinking forces.
  • the conveyor therefore has the task of fixing the folded edges of the shrink hood after the stack of goods has been lowered.
  • the conveyor should have conveyor elements that move with the stack of goods placed on it during transport. In this way it is prevented that the folded-over edges are pushed up again by a relative movement between the stack of goods and the conveying elements.
  • Transport trolleys or documents are suitable as moving conveying elements. It is particularly useful to design the conveyor as a chain conveyor with at least two external chain strands on which the pallet can be placed. So the middle one too. Region of the folded-over edges is clamped, at least one further chain strand should additionally be provided between the two chain strands arranged on the outside.
  • the tools can be sliding plates which are arranged at the level of the upper side of the lifting platform when the lifting platform is raised and whose plate and sliding level extends essentially parallel to the conveying level.
  • the sliding plates are flat components, which are moved essentially parallel to the underside of the pallet and thereby capture the protruding edges of the shrink hood and lay them flat against the underside of the pallet.
  • the still effective flow forces of the suction fan are thus advantageously supported in the formation of wrinkle-free envelopes on the underside of the pallet. It is understood that such sliding plates are arranged on all four sides of the pallet.
  • sliding plates can be held on the front and rear side of the lifting platform in the transport direction outside and / or between the tracks of the chain conveyor, which can be adjusted vertically with the lifting platform and are otherwise displaceable in or against the conveying direction.
  • the operation of the conveyor is not hindered by these sliding plates, since the sliding plates are raised or lowered together with the lifting platform and these sliding plates are located outside or between the tracks of the chain conveyor.
  • a sliding plate is expediently arranged between adjacent tracks of the chain conveyor and / or adjacent support strips of the lifting platform.
  • a sliding plate can always be provided between adjacent tracks, so that the front and rear sides of the lifting platform in the direction of transport are equipped with sliding plates which can grasp the associated protruding edges of the shrink film over most of their length.
  • sliding plates are provided on both sides of the chain conveyor, the sliding direction of which extends transversely to the conveying direction.
  • These sliding plates arranged on both sides of the chain conveyor can be arranged fixed in height. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, they should extend over the associated outer track of the chain conveyor when they are pushed under the raised pallet. Then it can namely be achieved that the edges of the shrink hood covered and folded over by these sliding plates are knocked under the pallet to such an extent that, after the pallet has been lowered, they are clamped between the latter and the outer tracks of the chain conveyor and can no longer carry out any free movements.
  • the conditions become particularly favorable when the sliding plates arranged on both sides of the chain conveyor overlap at least partially with the sliding plates arranged outside the tracks and held on the lifting platform, when all the sliding plates are pushed under the pallet, because then the folded edges are in the area of the corners overlap like a box fold. It is understood that in this case the sliding plane of the sliding plates arranged on both sides of the chain conveyor is somewhat higher than that of the other sliding plates.
  • Lifting cylinders which are actuated pneumatically or hydraulically can be provided as drives for the sliding plates.
  • the basic structure of the device shown consists of an intermittently operating conveyor 1, on which pallets 2 with stacks of goods 3 are placed and first transported into the area of a hood pulling station 4, not shown in detail, and then into the area of a shrinking station 5.
  • the conveyor 1 is a chain conveyor with several tracks 6, in the illustrated embodiment three tracks 6, which extend parallel to one another. In the area of the hood pulling station 4, a shrink hood 7 is pulled over the stack of goods 3 located under the hood pulling station 4.
  • a scissor lift 8 Below the hood pulling station 4 there is a scissor lift 8, the support arms 9 of which grip through the tracks 6 of the conveyor 1 and can thereby grasp the underside of the pallet 2 located there.
  • the conveyor 1 is stopped and the pallet 2 with the stack of goods 3 located thereon is lifted by the support arms 9 of the scissor lift 8 so that the shrink hood 7 is not only over the stack of goods but also pulled up over the sides of pallet 2.
  • a suction blower 10 which serves to suck the sides of the shrink hood 7 onto the associated sides of the stack of goods 3 and at the same time the free lower edge 11 of the shrink hood 7 under the edge of the pallet 2 lay.
  • the pallet 2 With the suction fan 10 running, the pallet 2 is then lowered again, so that the free edge 11 of the shrink hood 7 is clamped between the underside of the pallet 2 and the top of the conveyor 1 and held there.
  • the pallet 2 with the stack of goods 3 and the shrink hood 7 is then transported into the area of the shrinking station 5. where the shrink hood 7 is shrunk.
  • the shrinking station 5 has a hot gas mast, not shown, which is guided around the stack of goods 3 and from which a hot gas jet directed onto the shrink hood 7 emerges.
  • the material of the shrink hood 7 shrinks not only on the free sides of the stack of goods 3 but also in the region of the free edge 11 located under the pallet 2, so that the desired under-shrinkage occurs.
  • the shrink hood 7 loosens again somewhat, because no underpressure is generated under the pallet 2.
  • the air located below the shrink hood 7 is heated by the action of the shrinking device, so that the shrink hood 7 can expand somewhat.
  • the material of the shrink hood 7 shrinks evenly.
  • holding devices for pressing the shrink hood onto the free sides of the material stack 3 can also be provided in the area of the shrinking station 5. These can be pneumatically operating holding devices.
  • the tools are provided in the area of the hood pulling station and outside the pallet transport path for turning over the projecting edges 11 of the shrink hood 7 under the pallet 2.
  • the tools are arms 12, 13 which are arranged in pairs on each side of the conveyor 1 or hood pulling station and which extend essentially in the horizontal direction and which can be pivoted about vertical axes 14 and 15.
  • the two arms 12, 12 have on each side a common drive from a lifting cylinder 16 which can be actuated pneumatically in the illustrated embodiment and a lever mechanism 17 which pivots the two arms 12, 13 in opposite directions, as is the case with arrows 18, 19 is indicated.
  • the arm 12 is arranged at approximately 1/4 and the arm 13 is arranged at approximately 3/4 of the pallet dimension in the conveying direction. Both arms 12, 13 are located at a distance of approximately 1/4 of the pallet dimension in the conveying direction from the associated narrow side of the pallet.
  • the arm 12 is directed in the rest position against the conveying direction, while the arm 13 is directed in the rest position in the conveying direction.
  • the lifting cylinder 16 is actuated, the two arms are pivoted in the direction of the pallet and thus under the pallet, whereby they grip the projecting edges 11 of the shrink hood 7 and place them against the underside. The edges 11 can then be held there by the flow forces of the suction fan 10.
  • the pallet 2 With the suction fan 10 running, the pallet 2 is lowered again, so that the folded edge 11 of the shrink hood 7 is clamped between the underside of the pallet 2 and the conveyor 1 and held there. In this state, the pallet 2 is transported with the stack of goods 3 and the shrink hood 7 to the shrinking station (not shown), where the shrink hood 7 is shrunk.
  • the arms 12, 13 can also be displaceable in the vertical direction. Then the arms 12, 13 are lowered together with the pallet 2 after the edges 11 have been folded over, until the folded edges 11 are clamped and held between the pallet 2 and the conveyor 1.
  • the same reference numerals again designate the same parts.
  • the tools are sliding plates 20, 21 and 22 arranged in groups.
  • the sliding plates 20, 21 are each connected to the front or rear side of the lifting platform 8 in the transport direction of the chain conveyor 1 by means of a support frame 23, which is adjustable in the direction of arrows 24 via lifting cylinder 25 together with the sliding plates 20, 21.
  • the sliding plates 20 are located outside the outer tracks 6 of the chain conveyor 1, while the sliding plates 21 are each arranged between two adjacent tracks 6 of the chain conveyor 1 and / or between adjacent support arms 8 of the lifting platform 9, so that they do not interfere with the operation of the chain conveyor 1 can.
  • the sliding plates 22 are arranged on both sides of the chain conveyor 1 outside the outer tracks 6 at a fixed height. They can be moved transversely to the conveying direction in the direction of arrows 26 with lifting cylinders, not shown. Moreover, these sliding plates 22 which are displaceable transversely to the conveying direction are arranged such that when they are pushed under the pallet 2 they cover not only the outer tracks 6 of the chain conveyor 1 but also the outer sliding plates 20 which are displaceable in the conveying direction. Accordingly, the sliding plane of the sliding plates 22 is somewhat higher. than the sliding plane of the sliding plates 20.
  • the device shown works as follows: if the shrink hood 7 is pulled over the raised stack 3, if not already done, the suction fan 10 is switched on, so that the projecting edges 11 of the shrink hood 7, at least in the direction of that, under the action of the flow forces Suction blower 11 and thus at least partially pulled under the bottom of the pallet 2. Then the drives of the sliding plates 22 are actuated, so that these sliding plates 22 from both outer sides of the stack of goods 3 under the pallet 2 drive and place the assigned protruding edges 11 of the shrink hood 7 smoothly under the pallet 2.
  • the lifting cylinders 25 are actuated so that the sliding plates 20 and 21 are pushed from the front and / or back of the stack of goods 3 under the pallet 2, whereby they place the associated edges 11 of the shrink hood 7 smoothly under the pallet 2.
  • a clean fold is created in the manner of a base fold in a box.
  • the sliding plates 22 can then be withdrawn again.
  • the assigned edges 11 are held by the flow forces and at least in some areas also by the folding in the overlap area 27 under the pallet 2. If the pallet 2 is now lowered with the sliding plates 20, 21, the folded-over edges 11 lying flat under the pallet 2 are clamped between the latter and the tracks 6 of the chain conveyor 1. You can no longer move freely on the further transport to the shrinking station.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Specific Conveyance Elements (AREA)
  • De-Stacking Of Articles (AREA)
  • Stacking Of Articles And Auxiliary Devices (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Verpacken von palettierten Gutstapeln, bei dem über den Gutstapel und die Palette eine Schrumpfhaube gezogen wird, die an den Gutstapel und die Palette angelegt und geschrumpft wird, wobei die Palette angehoben und in angehobenem Zustand der Palette die Schrumpfhaube an den Gutstapel und ihre freien Ränder unter die Palette gelegt werden sowie die Schrumpfhaube geschrumpft wird.The invention relates to a method for packaging palletized stacks of goods, in which a shrink hood is pulled over the stack of goods and the pallet, which is applied and shrunk to the stack of goods and the pallet, the pallet being lifted and the pallet shrinking hood in the raised state Good stacks and their free edges are placed under the pallet and the shrink hood is shrunk.

Palettierte Gutstapel werden mit einer Schrumpfhaube überzogen, die nach dem Schrumpfen den Stapel zusammen und an der Palette hält. Dazu soll die Schrumpfhaube nicht nur den Stapel, sondern auch die Ränder der Palette umfassen und sich zumindest teilweise gegen die Unterseite der Palette legen, damit beim Schrumpfen der sogenannte Unterschrumpf entsteht. Das Haubenüberziehen und Schrumpfen kann weitgehend automatisiert sein. Dazu werden die palettierten Gutstapel auf einem Förderer, z. B. einem Rollenförderer, bis in den Bereich einer Haubenüberziehstation gefahren, dort mit einer Schrumpfhaube versehen und anschließend vom Förderer bis in den Bereich einer Schrumpfstation transportiert, wo die Schrumpfhauben geschrumpft werden. Eine Schrumpfstation besitzt in der Regel einen Heißgasmast, der um den palettierten Gutstapel herumführbar ist, wobei aus dem Heißgasmast Heißgas gegen die Flächen der Schrumpfhaube geblasen wird.Palletized stacks of goods are covered with a shrink hood which, after shrinking, holds the stack together and on the pallet. For this purpose, the shrink hood should not only encompass the stack, but also the edges of the pallet and at least partially lie against the underside of the pallet, so that the so-called undershrinkage occurs when shrinking. Covering and shrinking can be largely automated. To do this, the palletized stacks of goods are placed on a conveyor, e.g. B. a roller conveyor, moved to the area of a hood pulling station, provided there with a shrink hood and then transported by the conveyor to the area of a shrinking station, where the shrink hoods are shrunk. A shrinking station usually has a hot gas mast which can be guided around the palletized stack of goods, hot gas being blown out of the hot gas mast against the surfaces of the shrink hood.

Es hat sich allerdings gezeigt, daß während des Transportes von der Haubenüberziehstation zur Schrumpfstation die Schrumpfhaube sich an der Rückseite des Gutstapels von dem Gutstapel und auch von der Palette abhebt, ohne daß nach dem Stillstand des Gutstapels die entsprechenden Bereiche der Schrumpfhaube wegen der Eigensteifigkeit des Materials und gegebenenfalls wegen Faltenbildung sich nicht wieder an den Gutstapel und an die Ränger der Palette anlegen. Dann muß manuell eingegriffen werden, damit beim Schrumpfen auch der gewünschte Unterschrumpf entsteht.It has been shown, however, that during the transport from the hood pulling station to the shrinking station, the shrink hood on the back of the stack of goods stands out from the stack of goods and also from the pallet, without the corresponding areas of the shrink hood having stopped due to the inherent rigidity of the material after the stack of goods has stopped and if necessary due to wrinkling, do not put on the stack of goods again and on the pallet rangers. Then you have to intervene manually, so that the desired shrinkage is created when shrinking.

Außerdem kennt man zum Schrumpfen von Schrumpfhauben Schrumpföfen, die sich allerdings für einen weitgehend automatisierten Betrieb weniger eignen. Da ein Schrumpfofen, in dem sich ein palettierter Gutstapel befindet, nicht oder nur schwer zugänglich ist, wird die Schrumpfhaube während des Schrumpfens gegen den Gutstapel und auch gegen die Palette gesaugt. Dabei kommt es aber zu Faltenbildungen des Haubenmaterials, weil dieses im erwärmten Zustand keine Spannungen mehr aufnehmen kann. Im Ergebnis wird dadurch das Haubenmaterial geschwächt un der äußere Eindruck des mit einer geschrumpften Haube versehenen palettierten Gutstapels beeinträchtigt. Bei einem bekannten Verfahren der eingangs beschriebenen Gattung (US-A-3807126) wird ebenfalls ein Schrumpfofen verwendet. Im Bereich des Schrumpfofens befindet sich unterhalb des Förderers eine Hebebühne, deren Grundfläche kleiner ist als die Grundfläche der Palette. Mit dieser Hebebühne werden Palette und Gutstapel angehoben, so daß die freien Ränder der Schrumpfhaube bis unter die Palette hängen. Ein oberhalb des Gutstapels im Schrumpfofen angeordnetes Gebläse fördert Heißluft von oben nach unten durch den Schrumpfofen. Die Heißluft wird unter die Unterseite der Palette gesaugt und dort abgeführt. Weil von der Heißluft zunächst die am Gutstapel anliegenden Bereiche der Schrumpfhaube beaufschlagt werden, kann nicht ausgeschlossen werden, daß während des Schrumpfens die über die Palette hängenden, freien Ränder der Schrumpfhaube von der Unterseite der Palette zurückgezogen werden, so daß kein Unterschrumpf mehr entsteht.In addition, shrinking furnaces are known for shrinking shrink hoods, but they are less suitable for largely automated operation. Since a shrinking oven, in which a stack of pallets is located, is not accessible or is difficult to access, the shrink hood is sucked against the stack of goods and also against the pallet during shrinking. However, this creates wrinkles in the hood material because it can no longer absorb any tension when heated. As a result, the hood material is weakened and the external impression of the stacked palletized goods provided with a shrunk hood is impaired. In a known method of the type described above (US-A-3807126), a shrinking furnace is also used. In the area of the shrinking furnace there is a lifting platform below the conveyor, the footprint of which is smaller than the footprint of the pallet. With this lift the pallet and stack of goods are lifted so that the free edges of the shrink hood hang below the pallet. A blower arranged above the stack of goods in the shrinking furnace conveys hot air from top to bottom through the shrinking furnace. The hot air is drawn under the bottom of the pallet and removed there. Because the hot air initially impacts the areas of the shrink hood lying against the stack of goods, it cannot be ruled out that during shrinking the free edges of the shrink hood hanging over the pallet will be pulled back from the underside of the pallet, so that no further shrinkage occurs.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, dafür zu sorgen, daß bei weitgehend automatisiertem Haubenüberziehen und Schrumpfen zuverlässig ein hinreichend großer Unterschrumpf entsteht.The object of the invention is to ensure that with largely automated hood covering and shrinking, a sufficiently large under-shrinkage is reliably produced.

Diese Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, daß die Palette beim Überziehen der Schrumpfhaube angehoben sowie nach dem Umschlagen der freien Ränder abgesetzt wird und daß die umgeschlagenen Ränder der Schrumpfhaube während des Schumpfens festgehalten werden.This object is achieved in that the pallet is lifted when the shrink hood is pulled over, and is set down after the free edges have been turned over, and that the folded edges of the shrink hood are held in place during the shrinking process.

Der Erfolg dieses Verfahrens besteht im wesentlichen darin, daß die Schrumpfhaube an ihren freien Rändern zwischen der Unterseite der Palette und der Abstellfläche eingeklemmt und festgehalten wird, so daß sie beim anschließenden Schrumpfen keine freien Bewegungen mehr ausführen kann. Gleichzeitig ist sichergestellt, daß der gewünschte Unterschrumpf entsteht, weil bereits ein wesentlicher Teil der freien Ränder der Schrumpfhaube sich unter den Rändern der Palette befindet.The success of this method is essentially that the shrink hood is clamped and held at its free edges between the underside of the pallet and the storage surface, so that it can no longer carry out free movements during the subsequent shrinking. At the same time, it is ensured that the desired shrinkage is created because a substantial part of the free edges of the shrink hood is already under the edges of the pallet.

Nach bevorzugter Ausführungsform der Erfindung soll die Schrumpfhaube durch Absaugen von Luft an den Gutstapel an- und unter die Ränder der Palette gelegt werden. Dazu wird zweckmäßig die Luft von der Unterseite der Palette abgesaugt. Diese Verfahrensweise ermöglicht einen weitgehend automatischen Betrieb ohne manuellen Eingriff, weil die Strömungskräfte der Luft ausreichen, um die Schrumpffolie in der beschriebenen Weise zu legen.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the shrink hood should be placed on the stack of goods by suction of air and placed under the edges of the pallet. For this purpose, the air is expediently extracted from the underside of the pallet. This procedure enables largely automatic operation without manual intervention because the flow forces of the air are sufficient to place the shrink film in the manner described.

Eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens besitzt einen Förderer für die palettierten Gutstapel, eine Haubenüberziehstation und eine Schrumpfstation, die im Bereich des Förderers angeordnet sind, wobei der Förderer eine luftdurchlässige Förderbahn aufweist und unterhalb des Förderers eine Hebebühne angeordnet ist sowie ein Sauggebläse vorgesehen ist. Die Vorrichtung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Sauggebläse unterhalb der Haubenüberziehstation angeordnet ist und daß im Bereich der Haubenüberziehstation innerhalb und/oder außerhalb der Palettentransportbahn Werkzeuge zum Umschlagen der vorstehenden Ränder der Schrumpfhaube unter die Palette angeordnet sind.A device for carrying out the method has a conveyor for the palletized stacks of goods, a hood pulling station and a shrinking station which are arranged in the region of the conveyor, the conveyor having an air-permeable conveyor track and a lifting platform being arranged below the conveyor and a suction fan being provided. The device is characterized in that the suction fan is arranged below the hood pulling station and in the area of the hood pulling station inside and / or outside Tools for turning over the projecting edges of the shrink hood under the pallet are arranged below the pallet transport path.

Hebebühne und Sauggebläse lassen sich nach Maßgabe des intermittierenden Vorschubs des Förderers automatisch steuern, so daß sie immer nur dann in Aktion treten, wenn ein palettierter Gutstapel sich im Bereich der Haubenüberziehstation befindet. Damit die über die Unterseite der Palette vorstehenden freien Ränder der über den Gutstapel gezogenen Schrumpfhaube zuverlässig auf die Unterseite der Palette umgeschlagen werden, sind im Bereich der Haubenüberziehstation innerhalb oder außerhalb der Palettentransportbahn die Werkzeuge angeordnet.The lifting platform and suction blower can be automatically controlled in accordance with the intermittent feed of the conveyor, so that they only come into action when there is a palletized stack of goods in the area of the hood pulling station. The tools are arranged in the area of the hood pulling station inside or outside the pallet transport path so that the free edges of the shrink hood protruding over the underside of the pallet of the shrink hood pulled over the stack of goods are reliably turned over.

Der Förderer kann ein mehrspuriger Kettenförderer sein. Von einem solchen Kettenförderer können auch Paletten unterschiedlicher Größe transportiert werden und im Bereich dieses Kettenförderers kann eine Hebebühne installiert werden, mit der die Paletten unterschiedlicher Größe angehoben werden können.The conveyor can be a multi-track chain conveyor. Such a chain conveyor can also be used to transport pallets of different sizes and in the area of this chain conveyor a lifting platform can be installed with which the pallets of different sizes can be lifted.

Hebebühnen für diesen Zweck können verschieden gestaltet sein. Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist die Hebebühne eine Scheren-Hebebühne, deren Tragarme die Spuren des Förderers durchgreifen. Dann kann das Sauggebläse zwischen den Tragarmen der Scheren-Hebebühne angeordnet werden.Lifting platforms for this purpose can be designed differently. In a preferred embodiment, the lifting platform is a scissor-type lifting platform, the supporting arms of which pass through the tracks of the conveyor. Then the suction fan can be placed between the arms of the scissor lift.

Im Bereich der Schrumpfstation können zusätzliche Halteeinrichtungen zum Andrücken der Schrumpfhaube an die freien Seiten des Gutstapels angeordnet sein, die einer Lockerung der Schrumpfhaube und dem Abheben der Schrumpfhaube entgegenwirken.Additional holding devices for pressing the shrink hood onto the free sides of the stack of goods can be arranged in the region of the shrinking station, which counteract loosening of the shrink hood and lifting of the shrink hood.

Die Werkzeuge, die nach bevorzugter Ausführung der Erfindung als Arme ausgebildet sind, die um vertikale Achsen schwenkbar sind und sich in horizontaler Richtung unterhalb der Palettenunterseite erstrecken, wirken in Kombination mit dem durch das Sauggebläse erzeugten Strömungskräften derart, daß auch diejenigen freien Ränder der Schrumpfhaube, die vom Sauggebläse verhältnismäßig weit entfernt sind, zuverlässig unter die Unterseite der Palette umgeschlagen werden. Auch im Bereich einer Schmalseite einer Palette sind nämlich noch Strömungskräfte vorhanden, die die vorstehenden Ränder der Schrumpfhaube in Richtung auf die Palettenmitte umzuschlagen versuchen. Dadurch erfolgt bereits eine Vororientierung dieser Ränder. Wenn die Werkzeuge bzw. Arme unter die Palettenseite geschwenkt werden, schlagen die überstehenden Ränder vollständig unter die Unterseite der Palette.The tools, which according to the preferred embodiment of the invention are designed as arms, which can be pivoted about vertical axes and which extend horizontally below the underside of the pallet, act in combination with the flow forces generated by the suction fan in such a way that those free edges of the shrink hood, which are relatively far away from the suction fan can be reliably handled under the bottom of the pallet. Flow forces are also present in the area of a narrow side of a pallet, which try to turn the protruding edges of the shrink hood towards the center of the pallet. As a result, these edges are already pre-oriented. When the tools or arms are swung under the side of the pallet, the overhanging edges hit completely under the underside of the pallet.

Die Arme sind angetrieben und sie sollten wenigstens auf jeder Seite des Förderers einen gemeinsamen Antrieb aufweisen. Der Antrieb kann ein Hubzylinder sein, dessen Kolbenstange ein an die Arme angeschlossenes Hebelgetriebe betätigt. Das Hebelgetriebe seinerseits greift an den vertikalen Schwenkachsen der Arme an und verschwenkt diese aus ihrer Ruhestellung in die Betriebstellung bzw. umgekehrt.The arms are driven and they should have a common drive at least on each side of the conveyor. The drive can be a lifting cylinder, the piston rod of which actuates a lever gear connected to the arms. The lever mechanism in turn engages the vertical pivot axes of the arms and pivots them from their rest position into the operating position or vice versa.

Zweckmäßig werden auf jeder Seite der Haubenüberziehstation zwei Arme angeordnet. Es hat sich herausgestellt, daß günstigste Wirkungen jeweils dann erreicht werden, wenn die Arme jeweils auf ca. 1/4 und ca. 3/4 der Palettenabmessung in Förderrichtung sowie in einem Abstand von ca. 1/4 dieser Abmessung von der zugeordneten Schmalseite der Palette angeordnet sind. Damit werden auch die Eckbereiche der vorstehenden Ränder der Schrumpfhaube erfaßt, insbesondere dann, wenn die Schwenkrichtung der Arme beim Umschlagen der Ränder der Schrumpfhaube im wesentlichen auf den Flächenmittelpunkt der Palette gerichtet ist. Anders ausgedrückt sollen die Arme so verschwenken, daß der in Transportrichtung des Gutstapels vordere Arm in Ruhestellung nach vorn weist und dann in Richtung auf die Palette geschwenkt wird, während der in Transportrichtung des Gutstapels hintere Arm in Ruhestellung nach hinten weist und ebenfalls in Richtung auf die Palette geschwenkt wird.Two arms are expediently arranged on each side of the hood pulling station. It has been found that the most favorable effects are achieved when the arms are each about 1/4 and 3/4 of the pallet dimension in the conveying direction and at a distance of about 1/4 of this dimension from the associated narrow side of the Pallet are arranged. The corner regions of the protruding edges of the shrink hood are thus also detected, in particular when the pivoting direction of the arms is directed essentially towards the center of the surface of the pallet when the edges of the shrink hood are turned over. In other words, the arms should pivot so that the front arm in the transport direction of the stack of goods points forward in the rest position and is then pivoted towards the pallet, while the rear arm in the transport direction of the stack of goods points backwards in the rest position and also in the direction of the Pallet is pivoted.

Wenn die vorstehenden Ränder der Schrumpfhaube unter die Palette geschlagen sind, kann der palettierte Gutstapel wieder auf den Förderer abgesenkt und zu einer Schrumpfstation transportiert werden. Durch Absetzen des Gutstapel auf den Förderer werden die umgeschlagenen Ränder der Schrumpfhaube zwischen Gutstapel und Förderer festgeklemmt und damit für den Transport zur Schrumpfstation und für sich den dort anschließenden Schrumpfvorgang derart fixiert, daß sie sich auch unter Einwirkung der Schrumpfkräfte nicht mehr hochziehen können. Der Förderer hat also zusätzlich zu seiner Transportfunktion die Aufgabe, die untergeschlagenen Ränder der Schrumpfhaube nach dem Absenken des Gutstapels zu fixieren.When the protruding edges of the shrink hood are folded under the pallet, the palletized stack of goods can be lowered back onto the conveyor and transported to a shrinking station. By placing the stack of goods on the conveyor, the folded edges of the shrink hood are clamped between the stack of goods and the conveyor and thus fixed for transport to the shrinking station and for the subsequent shrinking process in such a way that they can no longer pull up even under the influence of the shrinking forces. In addition to its transport function, the conveyor therefore has the task of fixing the folded edges of the shrink hood after the stack of goods has been lowered.

Der Förderer sollte dabei Förderelemente aufweisen, die sich beim Transport mit dem auf diesen abgesetzten Gutstapel mitbewegen. Auf diese Weise wird verhindert, daß durch eine Relativbewegung zwischen Gutstapel und Förderelementen die untergeschlagenen Ränder wieder hochgedrückt werden.The conveyor should have conveyor elements that move with the stack of goods placed on it during transport. In this way it is prevented that the folded-over edges are pushed up again by a relative movement between the stack of goods and the conveying elements.

Als mitbewegte Förderelemente bieten sich beispielsweise Transportwagen oder -unterlagen an. Besonders zweckmäßig ist die Ausbildung des Förderers als Kettenförderer mit zumindest zwei außenliegenden Kettensträngen, auf denen die Palette absetzbar ist. Damit auch der mittlere . Bereich der untergeschlagenen Ränder festgeklemmt ist, sollte zusätzlich zwischen den beiden außen angeordneten Kettensträngen zumindest ein weiterer Kettenstrang vorgesehen sein.Transport trolleys or documents, for example, are suitable as moving conveying elements. It is particularly useful to design the conveyor as a chain conveyor with at least two external chain strands on which the pallet can be placed. So the middle one too. Region of the folded-over edges is clamped, at least one further chain strand should additionally be provided between the two chain strands arranged on the outside.

Damit möglichst faltenfreie Umschläge an der Unterseite der Palette entstehen, können die Werkzeuge Schiebeplatten sein, die bei angehobener Hebebühne in Höhe der Hebebühnenoberseite angeordnet sind und deren Platten- und Schiebeebene sich im wesentlichen parallel zur Förderebene erstreckt.So that folds are created on the underside of the pallet that are as wrinkle-free as possible, the tools can be sliding plates which are arranged at the level of the upper side of the lifting platform when the lifting platform is raised and whose plate and sliding level extends essentially parallel to the conveying level.

Die Schiebeplatten sind flächige Bauelemente, die im wesentlichen parallel zur Unterseite der Palette verschoben werden und dabei die überstehenden Ränder der Schrumpfhaube erfassen sowie diese flächig gegen die Unterseite der Palette legen. Die nach wie vor wirksamen Strömungskräfte des Sauggebläses werden damit in vorteilhafter Weise bei der Bildung von faltenfreien Umschlägen an der Unterseite der Palette unterstützt. Es versteht sich, daß auf allen vier Seiten der Palette derartige Schiebeplatten angeordnet sind.The sliding plates are flat components, which are moved essentially parallel to the underside of the pallet and thereby capture the protruding edges of the shrink hood and lay them flat against the underside of the pallet. The still effective flow forces of the suction fan are thus advantageously supported in the formation of wrinkle-free envelopes on the underside of the pallet. It is understood that such sliding plates are arranged on all four sides of the pallet.

Im einzelnen können an der in Transportrichtung vorderen und rückwärtigen Seite der Hebe-- bühne außerhalb und/oder zwischen den Spuren des Kettenförderers Schiebeplatten gehalten sein, die mit der Hebebühne vertikal verstellbar und im übrigen in bzw. gegen die Förderrichtung verschieblich sind. Durch diese Schiebeplatten wird der Betrieb des Förderers nicht behindert, da die Schiebeplatten zusammen mit der Hebebühne angehoben bzw. abgesenkt werden und diese Schiebeplatten sich außerhalb oder zwischen den Spuren des Kettenförderers befinden. Zweckmäßig wird zwischen jeweils benachbarten Spuren des Kettenförderers und/oder benachbarten Tragleisten der Hebebühne eine Schiebeplatte angeordnet. Auf diese Weise kann auch bei mehrspurigen Kettenförderern zwischen jeweils benachbarten Spuren immer eine Schiebeplatte vorgesehen sein, so daß die in Transportrichtung vorderen und hinteren Seiten der Hebebühne mit Schiebeplatten besetzt sind, die die zugeordneten überstehenden Ränder der Schrumpffolie auf dem größten Teil ihrer Länge erfassen können.In particular, sliding plates can be held on the front and rear side of the lifting platform in the transport direction outside and / or between the tracks of the chain conveyor, which can be adjusted vertically with the lifting platform and are otherwise displaceable in or against the conveying direction. The operation of the conveyor is not hindered by these sliding plates, since the sliding plates are raised or lowered together with the lifting platform and these sliding plates are located outside or between the tracks of the chain conveyor. A sliding plate is expediently arranged between adjacent tracks of the chain conveyor and / or adjacent support strips of the lifting platform. In this way, even in the case of multi-track chain conveyors, a sliding plate can always be provided between adjacent tracks, so that the front and rear sides of the lifting platform in the direction of transport are equipped with sliding plates which can grasp the associated protruding edges of the shrink film over most of their length.

Zusätzlich werden beidseits des Kettenförderers weitere Schiebeplatten vorgesehen, deren Schieberichtung sich quer zur Förderrichtung erstreckt. Diese beidseits des Kettenförderers angeordneten Schiebeplatten können höhenfest angeordnet sein. Nach bevorzugter Ausführungsform der Erfindung sollen sie sich über die zugeordnete äußere Spur des Kettenförderers erstrecken, wenn sie unter die angehobene Palette geschoben sind. Dann läßt sich nämlich erreichen, daß die von diesen Schiebeplatten erfaßten und umgeschlagenen Ränder der Schrumpfhaube soweit unter die Palette geschlagen werden, daß sie nach dem Absenken der Palette zwischen dieser und den jeweils äußeren Spuren des Kettenförderers eingeklemmt werden und keine freien Bewegungen mehr ausführen können.In addition, further sliding plates are provided on both sides of the chain conveyor, the sliding direction of which extends transversely to the conveying direction. These sliding plates arranged on both sides of the chain conveyor can be arranged fixed in height. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, they should extend over the associated outer track of the chain conveyor when they are pushed under the raised pallet. Then it can namely be achieved that the edges of the shrink hood covered and folded over by these sliding plates are knocked under the pallet to such an extent that, after the pallet has been lowered, they are clamped between the latter and the outer tracks of the chain conveyor and can no longer carry out any free movements.

Besonders günstig werden die Verhältnisse dann, wenn die beidseits des Kettenförderers angeordneten Schiebeplatten sich zumindest teilweise mit den außerhalb der Spuren angeordneten, an der Hebebühne gehaltenen Schiebeplatten überdecken, wenn alle Schiebeplatten unter die Palette geschoben sind, weil dann die umgeschlagenen Ränder sich im Bereich der Ecken nach Art einer Schachtelfaltung überlappen. Es versteht sich, daß in diesem Fall die Schiebeebene der beidseits des Kettenförderers angeordneten Schiebeplatten etwas höher liegt als die der anderen Schiebeplatten.The conditions become particularly favorable when the sliding plates arranged on both sides of the chain conveyor overlap at least partially with the sliding plates arranged outside the tracks and held on the lifting platform, when all the sliding plates are pushed under the pallet, because then the folded edges are in the area of the corners overlap like a box fold. It is understood that in this case the sliding plane of the sliding plates arranged on both sides of the chain conveyor is somewhat higher than that of the other sliding plates.

Als Antriebe der Schiebeplatten können Hubzylinder vorgesehen sein, die pneumatisch oder hydraulisch betätigt werden.Lifting cylinders which are actuated pneumatically or hydraulically can be provided as drives for the sliding plates.

Im folgenden werden in der Zeichnung dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung erläutert ; es zeigen :

  • Figur 1 in schematischer Darstellung eine Seitenansicht einer Vorrichtung zum Verpacken von palettierten Gutstapeln,
  • Figur 2 eine Draufsicht auf den Gegenstand nach Fig. 1,
  • Figur 3 in perspektivischer Darstellung eine andere Ausführungsform des Gegenstandes nach Fig. 1,
  • Figur 4 in schematischer Darstellung eine Draufsicht auf eine weitere Vorrichtung zum Verpacken von palettierten Gutstapeln,
  • Figur 5 eine Stirnansicht in Richtung des Pfeils II auf den Gegenstand nach Fig. 4,
  • Figur 6 eine Seitenansicht in Richtung des Pfeils 111 auf den Gegenstand nach Fig. 4.
Exemplary embodiments of the invention illustrated in the drawing are explained below; show it :
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic side view of a device for packaging palletized stacks of goods,
  • FIG. 2 shows a top view of the object according to FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of another embodiment of the object according to FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of a top view of a further device for packaging palletized stacks of goods,
  • 5 shows an end view in the direction of arrow II of the object according to FIG. 4,
  • 6 shows a side view in the direction of arrow 111 on the object according to FIG. 4.

Die dargestellte Vorrichtung besteht in ihrem grundsätzlichen Aufbau aus einem intermittierend arbeitenden Förderer 1, auf dem Paletten 2 mit Gutstapeln 3 abgesetzt und zunächst in den Bereich einer im einzelnen nicht dargestellten Haubenüberziehstation 4 sowie anschließend in den Bereich einer Schrumpfstation 5 transportiert werden.The basic structure of the device shown consists of an intermittently operating conveyor 1, on which pallets 2 with stacks of goods 3 are placed and first transported into the area of a hood pulling station 4, not shown in detail, and then into the area of a shrinking station 5.

Der Förderer 1 ist ein Kettenförderer mit mehreren Spuren 6, beim dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel drei Spuren 6, die sich parallel zueinander erstrecken. Im Bereich der Haubenüberziehstation 4 wird jeweils eine Schrumpfhaube 7 über den unter der Haubenüberziehstation 4 befindlichen Gutstapel 3 gezogen.The conveyor 1 is a chain conveyor with several tracks 6, in the illustrated embodiment three tracks 6, which extend parallel to one another. In the area of the hood pulling station 4, a shrink hood 7 is pulled over the stack of goods 3 located under the hood pulling station 4.

Unterhalb der Haubenüberziehstation 4 befindet sich eine Scheren-Hebebühne 8, deren Tragarme 9 die Spuren 6 des Förderers 1 durchgreifen und dadurch die Unterseite der dort befindlichen Palette 2 erfassen können.Below the hood pulling station 4 there is a scissor lift 8, the support arms 9 of which grip through the tracks 6 of the conveyor 1 and can thereby grasp the underside of the pallet 2 located there.

Wenn die Palette 2 in den Bereich der Haubenüberziehstation 4 gelangt, wird der Förderer 1 angehalten und wird die Palette 2 mit dem darauf befindlichen Gutstapel 3 von den Tragarmen 9 der Scheren-Hebebähne 8 angehoben, so daß die Schrumpfhaube 7 nicht nur über den Gutstapel sondern auch bis über die Seiten der Palette 2 gezogen wird.When the pallet 2 reaches the area of the hood pulling station 4, the conveyor 1 is stopped and the pallet 2 with the stack of goods 3 located thereon is lifted by the support arms 9 of the scissor lift 8 so that the shrink hood 7 is not only over the stack of goods but also pulled up over the sides of pallet 2.

Ferner befindet sich zwischen den Tragarmen 9 der Scheren-Hebebühne 8 ein Sauggebläse 10, das dazu dient, die Seiten der Schrumpfhaube 7 an die zugeordneten Seiten des Gutstapels 3 anzusaugen und gleichzeitig den freien unteren Rand 11 der Schrumpfhaube 7 unter den Rand der Palette 2 zu legen.Furthermore, between the support arms 9 of the scissor lift 8 there is a suction blower 10, which serves to suck the sides of the shrink hood 7 onto the associated sides of the stack of goods 3 and at the same time the free lower edge 11 of the shrink hood 7 under the edge of the pallet 2 lay.

Bei laufendem Sauggebläse 10 wird dann die Palette 2 wieder abgesenkt, so daß der freie Rand 11 der Schrumpfhaube 7 zwischen der Unterseite der Palette 2 und der Oberseite des Förderers 1 eingeklemmt und dort festgehalten wird.With the suction fan 10 running, the pallet 2 is then lowered again, so that the free edge 11 of the shrink hood 7 is clamped between the underside of the pallet 2 and the top of the conveyor 1 and held there.

In diesem Zustand wird die Palette 2 mit dem Gutstapel 3 und der Schrumpfhaube 7 dann bis in den Bereich der Schrumpfstation 5 transportiert, wo die Schrumpfhaube 7 geschrumpft wird. Dazu weist die Schrumpfstation 5 einen nicht dargestellten Heißgasmast auf, der um den Gutstapel 3 herumgeführt wird und aus dem ein auf die Schrumpfhaube 7 gerichteter Heißgasstrahl austritt. Durch die Erwärmung schrumpft das Material der Schrumpfhaube 7 nicht nur an den freien Seiten des Gutstapels 3 sondern auch im Bereich des unter der Palette 2 befindlichen freien Randes 11, so daß der gewünschte Unterschrumpf entsteht.In this state, the pallet 2 with the stack of goods 3 and the shrink hood 7 is then transported into the area of the shrinking station 5. where the shrink hood 7 is shrunk. For this purpose, the shrinking station 5 has a hot gas mast, not shown, which is guided around the stack of goods 3 and from which a hot gas jet directed onto the shrink hood 7 emerges. As a result of the heating, the material of the shrink hood 7 shrinks not only on the free sides of the stack of goods 3 but also in the region of the free edge 11 located under the pallet 2, so that the desired under-shrinkage occurs.

Da sich während des Transportes von der Haubenüberziehstation 4 zur Schrumpfstation 5 wieder Luft unter der Schrumpfhaube 7 sammelt, lockert sich die Schrumpfhaube 7 wieder etwas, weil kein Unterdruck unter der Palette 2 erzeugt wird. Außerdem wird durch die Wirkung der Schrumpfeinrichtung die unterhalb der Schrumpfhaube 7 befindliche Luft erwärmt, so daß sich die Schrumpfhaube 7 etwas ausdehnen kann. Da sie jedoch mit ihrem freien Rand 11 an der Unterseite der Palette 2 gehalten wird, schrumpft das Material der Schrumpfhaube 7 gleichmäßig.Since air collects again under the shrink hood 7 during the transport from the hood pulling station 4 to the shrinking station 5, the shrink hood 7 loosens again somewhat, because no underpressure is generated under the pallet 2. In addition, the air located below the shrink hood 7 is heated by the action of the shrinking device, so that the shrink hood 7 can expand somewhat. However, since it is held with its free edge 11 on the underside of the pallet 2, the material of the shrink hood 7 shrinks evenly.

Nicht dargestellt ist, daß im Bereich der Schrumpfstation 5 auch Halteeinrichtungen zum Andrücken der Schrumpfhaube an die freien Seiten des Gutsstapels 3 vorgesehen sein können. Dabei kann es sich um pneumatisch arbeitende Halteeinrichtungen handeln.It is not shown that holding devices for pressing the shrink hood onto the free sides of the material stack 3 can also be provided in the area of the shrinking station 5. These can be pneumatically operating holding devices.

Da die Strömungskräfte mit zunehmendem Abstand vom Sauggebläse 10 abnehmen, sind im Bereich der Haubenüberziehstation und außerhalb der Palettentransportbahn Werkzeuge zum Umschlagen der vorstehenden Ränder 11 der Schrumpfhaube 7 unter der Palette 2 vorgesehen. Bei den Werkzeugen handelt es sich jeweils um paarweise auf jeder Seite des Förderers 1 bzw. Haubenüberziehstation angeordnete Arme 12, 13, die sich im wesentlichen in horizontaler Richtung erstrecken und die um vertikale Achsen 14 bzw. 15 schwenkbar sind. Wie man der Zeichnung entnimmt, besitzen die beiden Arme 12, 12 an jeder Seite einen gemeinsamen Antrieb aus einem Hubzylinder 16, der beim dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel pneumatisch betätigbar ist und einem Hebelgetriebe 17, das die beiden Arme 12, 13 gegensinnig verschwenkt, wie das durch Pfeile 18, 19 angedeutet ist.Since the flow forces decrease with increasing distance from the suction blower 10, tools are provided in the area of the hood pulling station and outside the pallet transport path for turning over the projecting edges 11 of the shrink hood 7 under the pallet 2. The tools are arms 12, 13 which are arranged in pairs on each side of the conveyor 1 or hood pulling station and which extend essentially in the horizontal direction and which can be pivoted about vertical axes 14 and 15. As can be seen in the drawing, the two arms 12, 12 have on each side a common drive from a lifting cylinder 16 which can be actuated pneumatically in the illustrated embodiment and a lever mechanism 17 which pivots the two arms 12, 13 in opposite directions, as is the case with arrows 18, 19 is indicated.

Der Arm 12 ist auf ca. 1/4 und der Arm 13 ist auf ca. 3/4 der Palettenabmessung in Förderrichtung angeordnet. Beide Arme 12, 13 befinden sich in einem Abstand von ca. 1/4 der Palettenabmessung in Förderrichtung von der zugeordneten Schmalseite der Palette.The arm 12 is arranged at approximately 1/4 and the arm 13 is arranged at approximately 3/4 of the pallet dimension in the conveying direction. Both arms 12, 13 are located at a distance of approximately 1/4 of the pallet dimension in the conveying direction from the associated narrow side of the pallet.

Der Arm 12 ist in Ruhestellung entgegen der Förderrichtung gerichtet, während der Arm 13 in Ruhestellung in Förderrichtung gerichtet ist. Bei Betätigung des Hubzylinders 16 werden die beiden Arme in Richtung auf die Palette und damit unter die Palette geschwenkt, wobei sie die vorstehenden Ränder 11 der Schrumpfhaube 7 erfassen und gegen die Unterseite legen. Dort können die Ränder 11 dann durch Srömungskräfte des Sauggebläses 10 gehalten werden.The arm 12 is directed in the rest position against the conveying direction, while the arm 13 is directed in the rest position in the conveying direction. When the lifting cylinder 16 is actuated, the two arms are pivoted in the direction of the pallet and thus under the pallet, whereby they grip the projecting edges 11 of the shrink hood 7 and place them against the underside. The edges 11 can then be held there by the flow forces of the suction fan 10.

Bei laufendem Sauggebläse 10 wird die Palette 2 wieder abgesenkt, so daß der umgeschlagene Rand 11 der Schrumpfhaube 7 zwischen der Unterseite der Palette 2 und dem Förderer 1 eingeklemmt und dort festgehalten wird. In diesem Zustand wird die Palette 2 mit dem Gutstapel 3 und der Schrumpfhaube 7 bis zu der nicht dargestellten Schrumpfstation transportiert, wo die Schrumpfhaube 7 geschrumpft wird.With the suction fan 10 running, the pallet 2 is lowered again, so that the folded edge 11 of the shrink hood 7 is clamped between the underside of the pallet 2 and the conveyor 1 and held there. In this state, the pallet 2 is transported with the stack of goods 3 and the shrink hood 7 to the shrinking station (not shown), where the shrink hood 7 is shrunk.

Nicht dargestellt ist, daß die Arme 12, 13 auch in vertikaler Richtung verschiebbar sein können. Dann werden die Arme 12, 13 nach dem-Umschlagen der Ränder 11 zusammen mit der Palette 2 abgesenkt, bis die umgeschlagenen Ränder 11 zwischen Palette 2 und Förderer 1 eingeklemmt und gehalten werden.It is not shown that the arms 12, 13 can also be displaceable in the vertical direction. Then the arms 12, 13 are lowered together with the pallet 2 after the edges 11 have been folded over, until the folded edges 11 are clamped and held between the pallet 2 and the conveyor 1.

Bei der in den Fig. 4 bis 6 dargestellten Vorrichtung bezeichnen gleiche Bezugszeichen wiederum gleiche Teile. Zur Unterstützung der Arbeit des Sauggebläses sind im Bereich der Haubenüberziehstation Werkzeuge zum Umschlagen der. vorstehenden Ränder 11 der Schrumpfhaube 7 unter die Palette 2 vorgesehen. Es handelt sich bei den Werkzeugen um gruppenweise angeordnete Schiebeplatten 20, 21 bzw. 22. Die Schiebeplatten 20, 21 sind jeweils an der in Transportrichtung des Kettenförderers 1 vorderen bzw. rückwärtigen Seite der Hebebühne 8 an diese angeschlossen und zwar mit Hilfe eines Tragrahmens 23, der in Richtung der Pfeile 24 über Hubzylinder 25 zusammen mit den Schiebeplatten 20, 21 verstellbar ist. Die Schiebeplatten 20 befinden sich außerhalb der äußeren Spuren 6 des Kettenförderers 1, während die Schiebeplatten 21 jeweils zwischen zwei benachbarten Spuren 6 des Kettenförderers 1 und/oder zwischen benachbarten Tragarmen 8 der Hebebühne 9 angeordnet sind, so daß sie den Betrieb des Kettenförderers 1 nicht stören können.In the device shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the same reference numerals again designate the same parts. To support the work of the suction blower there are tools in the hood pulling station for turning the. protruding edges 11 of the shrink hood 7 provided under the pallet 2. The tools are sliding plates 20, 21 and 22 arranged in groups. The sliding plates 20, 21 are each connected to the front or rear side of the lifting platform 8 in the transport direction of the chain conveyor 1 by means of a support frame 23, which is adjustable in the direction of arrows 24 via lifting cylinder 25 together with the sliding plates 20, 21. The sliding plates 20 are located outside the outer tracks 6 of the chain conveyor 1, while the sliding plates 21 are each arranged between two adjacent tracks 6 of the chain conveyor 1 and / or between adjacent support arms 8 of the lifting platform 9, so that they do not interfere with the operation of the chain conveyor 1 can.

Die Schiebeplatten 22 sind jeweils beidseits des Kettenförderers 1 außerhalb der äußeren Spuren 6 in fester Höhe angeordnet. Sie lassen sich mit nicht dargestellten Hubzylindern in Richtung der Pfeile 26 quer zur Förderrichtung verschieben. lm übrigen sind diese quer zur Förderrichtung verschieblichen Schiebeplatten 22 so angeordnet, daß sie dann, wenn sie unter die Palette 2 geschoben sind, nicht nur die äußeren Spuren 6 des Kettenförderers 1 sondern auch die äußeren in Förderrichtung verschieblichen Schiebeplatten 20 überdecken. Dementsprechend liegt die Schiebeebene der Schiebeplatten 22 etwas höher . als die Schiebeebene der Schiebeplatten 20.The sliding plates 22 are arranged on both sides of the chain conveyor 1 outside the outer tracks 6 at a fixed height. They can be moved transversely to the conveying direction in the direction of arrows 26 with lifting cylinders, not shown. Moreover, these sliding plates 22 which are displaceable transversely to the conveying direction are arranged such that when they are pushed under the pallet 2 they cover not only the outer tracks 6 of the chain conveyor 1 but also the outer sliding plates 20 which are displaceable in the conveying direction. Accordingly, the sliding plane of the sliding plates 22 is somewhat higher. than the sliding plane of the sliding plates 20.

Die dargestellte Vorrichtung arbeitet wie folgt : wenn die Schrumpfhaube 7 über den angehobenen Gutstapel 3 gezogen ist, wird, sofern nicht bereits geschehen, das Sauggebläse 10 eingeschaltet, so daß unter der Wirkung der Strömungskräfte die überstehenden Ränder 11 der Schrumpfhaube 7 zumindest in Richtung auf das Sauggebläse 11 und damit wenigstens teilweise unter die Unterseite der Palette 2 gezogen. Dann werden die Antriebe der Schiebeplatten 22 betätigt, so daß diese Schiebeplatten 22 von beiden Außenseiten des Gutstapels 3 unter die Palette 2 fahren und dabei die zugeordneten überstehenden Ränder 11 der Schrumpfhaube 7 glatt unter die Palette 2 legen. Anschließend werden die Hubzylinder 25 betätigt, so daß auch die Schiebeplatten 20 und 21 von der Vorderseite und/oder Rückseite des Gutstapels 3 unter die Palette 2 geschoben werden, wobei sie die zugeordneten Ränder 11 der Schrumpfhaube 7 glatt unter die Palette 2 legen. Im Überlappungsbereich 27 zwischen den Schiebeplatten 20 und 22 entsteht eine saubere Faltung nach Art einer Bodenfaltung bei einer Schachtel. Die Schiebeplatten 22 können dann wieder zurückgezogen werden. Die zugeordneten Ränder 11 werden durch Strömungskräfte und zumindest bereichsweise auch durch die Faltung im Überlappungsbereich 27 unter der Palette 2 gehalten. Wenn nunmehr die Palette 2 mit den Schiebeplatten 20, 21 abgesenkt wird, dann werden die umgeschla- , genen, flach unter der Palette 2 liegenden Ränder 11 zwischen dieser und den Spuren 6 des Kettenförderers 1 eingeklemmt. Sie können sich auf dem weiteren Transport zur Schrumpfstation nicht mehr frei bewegen.The device shown works as follows: if the shrink hood 7 is pulled over the raised stack 3, if not already done, the suction fan 10 is switched on, so that the projecting edges 11 of the shrink hood 7, at least in the direction of that, under the action of the flow forces Suction blower 11 and thus at least partially pulled under the bottom of the pallet 2. Then the drives of the sliding plates 22 are actuated, so that these sliding plates 22 from both outer sides of the stack of goods 3 under the pallet 2 drive and place the assigned protruding edges 11 of the shrink hood 7 smoothly under the pallet 2. Then the lifting cylinders 25 are actuated so that the sliding plates 20 and 21 are pushed from the front and / or back of the stack of goods 3 under the pallet 2, whereby they place the associated edges 11 of the shrink hood 7 smoothly under the pallet 2. In the overlap area 27 between the sliding plates 20 and 22, a clean fold is created in the manner of a base fold in a box. The sliding plates 22 can then be withdrawn again. The assigned edges 11 are held by the flow forces and at least in some areas also by the folding in the overlap area 27 under the pallet 2. If the pallet 2 is now lowered with the sliding plates 20, 21, the folded-over edges 11 lying flat under the pallet 2 are clamped between the latter and the tracks 6 of the chain conveyor 1. You can no longer move freely on the further transport to the shrinking station.

Claims (26)

1. Method for packaging palletised stacks of goods, in which a shrinkable hood 7 is drawn over the stack of goods 3 and the pallet 2, which hood is placed on the stack of goods 3 and the pallet 2 and shrunk, the pallet 2 being raised and in the raised pallet 2 position the shrinkable hood 7 being placed on the stack of goods 3 and its free edges being placed beneath the pallet and the shrinkable hood 7 being shrunk, characterised in that in drawing the shrinkable film 7 the pallet is raised, and lowered after wrapping round the free edges of the shrinkable hood 7, and that the edges of the shrinkable hood 7 wrapped round during shrinkage are secured.
2. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that the shrinkable hood is placed on the stack of goods 3 on and beneath the pallet 3 by the removal of the air by suction.
3. Method according to claim 2, characterised in that the air is sucked out from the underside of the pallet 2.
4. Apparatus for carrying out the method according to one of claims 1-3, with a conveyor for palletised stacks of goods 3, with a hood drawing station 4 and a shrinking station 5, which are arranged in the area of the conveyor 1, the conveyor 1 having an air-penetrable conveyor belt 6, and an elevating platform 8 is mounted below the conveyor 1 and a suction fan 10 is provided, characterised in that the suction fan 10 is arranged below the hood drawing station 4 and that tools 12,13 for wrapping the said edges 11 of the shrinkable hood 7 beneath the pallet 2 are mounted in the area of the hood drawing station 4 inside and/or outside the pallet conveyor belt.
5. Apparatus according to claim 4, characterised in that the conveyor 1 is a multiple track chain conveyor.
6. Apparatus according to claim 4 or 5, characterised in that the elevating platform is a forked elevating platform 8, the supporting arms 9 of which the tracks 6 of the conveyor 1 pass through.
7. Apparatus according to claim 6, characterised in that the suction fan 10 is arranged between the supporting arms 9 of the forked elevating platform.
8. Apparatus according to one of claims 4-7, characterised by retaining devices mounted in the area of the shrinking station 5 for pressing the shrinkable hood 7 against the free sides of the stack of goods 3.
9. Apparatus according to claim 4, characterised in that the tools are constructed as arms 12, 13, which can be rotated around vertical axes 14, 15 and which extend in a horizontal direction beneath the underside of the pallet.
10. Apparatus according to claim 4 or 9, characterised in that the arms 12 or 13 have at least one common drive 16, 17 on each side of the conveyor 1.
11. Apparatus according to claim 10, characterised in that the drive is a lifting cylinder 16, the piston rod of which activates a lever drive unit 17 connected to the arms 12, 13.
12. Apparatus according to one of claims 4 to 11, characterised in that the two arms 12, 13 are mounted on each side of the hood drawing station.
13. Apparatus according to one of claims 4 to 12, characterised in that the arms 12, 13 are each arranged at approximately 1/4 and approximately 3/4 of the pallet dimension in the direction of the conveyor and at a distance of approximately 1/4 of this dimension from the associated narrow side of the pallet 2.
14. Apparatus according to one of claims 4-13, characterised in that when the edges of the shrinkable hood 7 are wrapped round, the direction of rotation 18, 19 of the arms 12, 13 is essentially directed to the centre area of the pallet 2.
15. Apparatus according to one of claims 4-14, characterised in that the arms 12, 13 can be moved and lowered together with the pallet in a vertical direction.
16. Apparatus according to one of claims 4-15, characterised in that the conveyor 1 has conveyor parts 6, which during travel move together with the deposited stack of goods.
17. Apparatus according to claim 16, characterised in that the conveyor 1 is constructed as a chain conveyor with at least two external chain strands, on which the stack of goods can be deposited.
18. Apparatus according to claim 17, characterised in that an additional chain strand is provided between the two externally mounted chain strands.
19. Apparatus according to one of claims 4-18, characterised in that the tools are slide plates 20, 21, 22 which are arranged at the height of the upper side of the elevating platform 8 when the platform is raised, and the plates and slide planes of which essentially extend parallel to the conveyor plane.
20. Apparatus according to claim 19, characterised in that on the front and rear side of the elevating platform can be adjusted vertically, with the elevating platform 8, and moved in or against the direction of the conveyor.
21. Apparatus according to claim 19 or 20, characterised in that a slide plate 21 is arranged, in each case, between the tracks 6 of the chain conveyor 3 (sic) and/or between the adjacent support arms 9 of the elevating platform 8.
22. Apparatus according to one of claims 19-21, characterised in that additional slide plates 22 are provided on both sides of the chain conveyor 1, and the slide device of which extends transversely to the direction of the conveyor.
23. Apparatus according to one of claims 19-22, characterised in that the slide plates 22 arranged on both sides of the chain conveyor 1 are located above the associated outer track 6 of the chain conveyor 1, when they are pushed below the raised pallet 2.
24. Apparatus according to one of claims 19-23, characterised in that the slide plates 22 arranged on both sides of the chain conveyor 1 overlap at least partly with the slide plates 22 secured on the elevating platform 8 arranged outside the tracks, when all the slide plates 20, 21, 22 are pushed below the pallet 2.
25. Apparatus according to one of claims 19-24, characterised in that the slide plane of the slide plates 22 arranged on both sides of the chain conveyor 1 is slightly higher than that of the other slide plates 20, 21.
26. Apparatus according to one of claims 19-25, characterised in that lifting cylinders 25 are provided as drive means for the slide plates 20, 21, 22 adjusted vertically, with the elevating platform 8, and moved in or against the direction of the conveyor.
EP82109357A 1981-10-16 1982-10-09 Method and device for packaging goods stacked on a pallet Expired EP0077508B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82109357T ATE12474T1 (en) 1981-10-16 1982-10-09 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PACKING PALLETIZED STACKS OF GOODS.

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19813141100 DE3141100A1 (en) 1981-10-16 1981-10-16 Process and apparatus for the packaging of palleted stacks of articles
DE3141100 1981-10-16
DE19823200832 DE3200832A1 (en) 1982-01-14 1982-01-14 Device for packaging palletised stacks of goods
DE3200832 1982-01-14
DE19823204171 DE3204171A1 (en) 1982-02-06 1982-02-06 Apparatus for the packaging of palletised stacks of articles
DE3204171 1982-02-06

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0077508A1 EP0077508A1 (en) 1983-04-27
EP0077508B1 true EP0077508B1 (en) 1985-04-03

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EP82109357A Expired EP0077508B1 (en) 1981-10-16 1982-10-09 Method and device for packaging goods stacked on a pallet

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US (1) US4575989A (en)
EP (1) EP0077508B1 (en)
DE (1) DE3262894D1 (en)

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DE4426369C1 (en) * 1994-07-26 1995-08-17 Moellers Maschf Gmbh Shrink wrapping of film around product stock

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0077508A1 (en) 1983-04-27
US4575989A (en) 1986-03-18
DE3262894D1 (en) 1985-05-09

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