EP0064494A4 - Kupferkatalysator für brennstoffe. - Google Patents

Kupferkatalysator für brennstoffe.

Info

Publication number
EP0064494A4
EP0064494A4 EP19810900105 EP81900105A EP0064494A4 EP 0064494 A4 EP0064494 A4 EP 0064494A4 EP 19810900105 EP19810900105 EP 19810900105 EP 81900105 A EP81900105 A EP 81900105A EP 0064494 A4 EP0064494 A4 EP 0064494A4
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
methanol
toluene
isopropyl alcohol
cupric sulfate
picric acid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP19810900105
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0064494A1 (de
Inventor
Rien T Hart
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Xrg International Inc
Original Assignee
Xrg International Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Xrg International Inc filed Critical Xrg International Inc
Publication of EP0064494A1 publication Critical patent/EP0064494A1/de
Publication of EP0064494A4 publication Critical patent/EP0064494A4/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/12—Inorganic compounds
    • C10L1/1208—Inorganic compounds elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/12—Inorganic compounds
    • C10L1/1233—Inorganic compounds oxygen containing compounds, e.g. oxides, hydroxides, acids and salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/12—Inorganic compounds
    • C10L1/1275—Inorganic compounds sulfur, tellurium, selenium containing compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/16—Hydrocarbons
    • C10L1/1608—Well defined compounds, e.g. hexane, benzene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/16—Hydrocarbons
    • C10L1/1616—Hydrocarbons fractions, e.g. lubricants, solvents, naphta, bitumen, tars, terpentine
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/182—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof
    • C10L1/1822—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof hydroxy group directly attached to (cyclo)aliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10L1/1824—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof hydroxy group directly attached to (cyclo)aliphatic carbon atoms mono-hydroxy
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/185—Ethers; Acetals; Ketals; Aldehydes; Ketones
    • C10L1/1857—Aldehydes; Ketones
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C10L1/222—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen single bond
    • C10L1/2222—(cyclo)aliphatic amines; polyamines (no macromolecular substituent 30C); quaternair ammonium compounds; carbamates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C10L1/23—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one nitrogen-to-oxygen bond, e.g. nitro-compounds, nitrates, nitrites
    • C10L1/231—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one nitrogen-to-oxygen bond, e.g. nitro-compounds, nitrates, nitrites nitro compounds; nitrates; nitrites
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition

Definitions

  • the present invention is an energy-saving fuel additive for gasoline and diesel engines which more particularly includes addition to domestic heating and light industrial oil (#2 and #3) and residual and bunker fuels (#4, #5, and #6).
  • This fuel additive comprises as active ingredients a major proportion of picric acid and a minimum proportion of cupric sulfate (CuSO 4 ⁇ no H 2 O) :
  • cuprous sulfate may be utilized in lieu of cupric sulfate, although not preferred.
  • the basic additive has two variations which are included in the present invention.
  • One variation replaces the toluene with a solvent ratio of preferred about 10% methanol and 90% isopropyl alcohol by weight.
  • Primene 81R .5 - 1.0% The methanol/isopropyl alcohol substitution may be varied up to 50/50. The purpose of the substitution for toluene lies in the lesser toxicity values.
  • a second alternative replaces toluene with about 10% methanol, 45% isopropyl alcohol, and 45% kerosene:
  • the methanol/isopropyl alcohol/kerosene substitution for toluene may be varied to about 25% methanol, 25% isopropyl alcohol, and 50% kerosene. This alternative which includes kerosene is for cost conservation.
  • An additional product which is targeted towards high flash point in gasoline comprises:
  • MIBK Methyl isobutyl ketone
  • additive I Of primary interest in the present application and invention is the basic formulation which substitutes cupric sulfate for ferrous sulfate in the Webb prior art. It has been found that the present copper composition is more active and imparts more power to the fuel than the ferrous compositions previously used.
  • the preferred components of additive I are:
  • additive II are the same as the preferred components of additive I but the toluene is replaced by a combination of 10% methanol and 90% isopropyl alcohol.
  • additive III are the same as the preferred components of additive I but the toluene is replaced by a combination of 10% methanol, 45% isopropyl alcohol, and 45% kerosene. All are percent by weight.
  • compositions related to a high flash point gasoline which utilizes the following preferred components:
  • MIBK Methyl isobutyl ketone 5%
  • Another high flash point diesel formulation utilizes the following preferred components:
  • MIBK Methyl isobutyl ketone 5%
  • the copper sulfate which is useful in this invention is cupric sulfate, preferably the dehydrated variety CuSO 4 ⁇ no H 2 O. Experiments have shown that the synergistic catalytic activity of this compound exceeds that of iron or ferrous sulfate previously used by a substantial degree.
  • Picric Acid This trinitrophenol acts synergistically with the cuprous sulfate to give the active component of this invention.
  • toluene is. utilized.
  • alkyl benzenes alkyl benzenes
  • para-xylenes alkyl benzenes
  • mesitylenes are operable.
  • toluene is replaced with other less toxic solvents.
  • the Alcoholic Solvents Of the lower alkanols useful in this invention methyl alcohol and isopropanol are preferred, although any C 1 -C 6 lower alkanol straight- or branch-chain can be used. Of additional interest is normal butyl alcohol which is used in the formulation designed to give a high flash point.
  • Nitrobenzene This compound is utilized as an additional solvent. It is miscible with alkanols and is a superior organic solvent for the picric acid.
  • Primene are tertiary alkylamines which are a cross of primary aliphatic amines of the general formula R 1 (R 2 ) (R 3 )CNH 2 in which the amino group is linked to a tertiary carbon atom.
  • the amines utilized in this invention are Primene 81R and Primene JM-T, with the 81R preferred. These amines are anti-oxidants and stabilizers for fuel oils and jet fuels.
  • the catalytic converters were welded in position prior to the next test series. Baseline FTP and HFET tests were conducted and replicate baseline tests followed. The same additive used for testing without catalytic converters was then added at the same 12:1 ratio. FTP/HFET testing with additive was performed on all vehicles with replicate tests immediately thereafter.
  • the vehicles incurred an average of 1672 miles.
  • the Chevrolet Monte Carlo (#0051) had 1591 miles; the Ford LTD (#0052) had 1740 miles; and the Buick Regal (#0053) had 1686 miles.
  • the miles were accumulated with and without catalytic converters, with commercial unleaded fuel and with commercial unleaded fuel with an additive.
  • Table 1 relates to cupric sulfate with the formulation of this invention designated additive I.
  • Table 2 relates to ferrous sulfate using the formula as noted in Webb US Patent 4,145,190, column 1.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
EP19810900105 1980-11-12 1980-11-12 Kupferkatalysator für brennstoffe. Withdrawn EP0064494A4 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US1980/001509 WO1982001717A1 (en) 1980-11-12 1980-11-12 Copper catalyst for fuels

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0064494A1 EP0064494A1 (de) 1982-11-17
EP0064494A4 true EP0064494A4 (de) 1983-03-15

Family

ID=22154644

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19810900105 Withdrawn EP0064494A4 (de) 1980-11-12 1980-11-12 Kupferkatalysator für brennstoffe.
EP19800902355 Withdrawn EP0064974A4 (de) 1980-11-12 1980-11-17 Zusätze oder zusammensetzungen mit hohem entzündungspunkt für benzin- und dieselbrennstoffe.

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19800902355 Withdrawn EP0064974A4 (de) 1980-11-12 1980-11-17 Zusätze oder zusammensetzungen mit hohem entzündungspunkt für benzin- und dieselbrennstoffe.

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (2) EP0064494A4 (de)
JP (2) JPS57501854A (de)
AU (1) AU6645781A (de)
BR (1) BR8009120A (de)
DE (1) DE3050641A1 (de)
GB (2) GB2099850A (de)
NL (2) NL8020472A (de)
WO (2) WO1982001717A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SG54968A1 (en) * 1993-06-28 1998-12-21 Chemadd Ltd Fuel additive
GB2330149A (en) * 1997-10-10 1999-04-14 Sayed Ahmed Fuel additive for the reduction of post-combustion pollutants
CN1896197B (zh) * 2006-06-26 2011-04-06 于涛 一种甲醇变性融合剂
USD862834S1 (en) 2016-06-27 2019-10-15 Mondelez Europe Gmbh Cracker
USD879408S1 (en) 2016-06-06 2020-03-31 Mondelez Europe Gmbh Cracker
USD887666S1 (en) 2017-05-19 2020-06-23 Generale Biscuit Food bar

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE535369A (de) *
US1669181A (en) * 1924-05-10 1928-05-08 Chester A Walter Fuel for internal-combustion engines and motors
US2962439A (en) * 1956-12-07 1960-11-29 Sun Oil Co Fuel and lubricant additives for reducing combustion chamber deposits

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1271114A (en) * 1917-10-12 1918-07-02 Us Ind Alcohol Co Liquid fuel.
US1419910A (en) * 1917-10-12 1922-06-20 Us Ind Alcohol Co Liquid fuel
US1820983A (en) * 1926-02-15 1931-09-01 Standard Oil Dev Co Heavy oil fuel
GB743472A (en) * 1951-03-01 1956-01-18 Power Jets Res & Dev Ltd Improvements in or relating to fuel oils and the combustion of fuel oils
US4099930A (en) * 1977-04-01 1978-07-11 Natural Resources Guardianship International, Inc. Catalytic fuel additive for gasoline and diesel engines
US4145190A (en) * 1977-06-24 1979-03-20 Natural Resources Guardianship International, Inc. Catalytic fuel additive for jet, gasoline, diesel, and bunker fuels
US4188205A (en) * 1978-03-06 1980-02-12 Alchem, Inc. Fuel injection in blast furnaces
US4242100A (en) * 1979-10-15 1980-12-30 Tri-Pak, Inc. Motor fuel composition

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE535369A (de) *
US1669181A (en) * 1924-05-10 1928-05-08 Chester A Walter Fuel for internal-combustion engines and motors
US2962439A (en) * 1956-12-07 1960-11-29 Sun Oil Co Fuel and lubricant additives for reducing combustion chamber deposits

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of WO8201717A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1982001717A1 (en) 1982-05-27
BR8009120A (pt) 1982-10-13
AU6645781A (en) 1982-06-07
JPS57501853A (de) 1982-10-14
DE3050641A1 (de) 1982-12-30
EP0064494A1 (de) 1982-11-17
EP0064974A4 (de) 1983-03-15
JPS57501854A (de) 1982-10-14
EP0064974A1 (de) 1982-11-24
GB2099850A (en) 1982-12-15
NL8020447A (nl) 1982-10-01
GB2099774A (en) 1982-12-15
WO1982001718A1 (en) 1982-05-27
NL8020472A (nl) 1982-10-01

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Inventor name: HART, RIEN 'T,